Force transmission device and test system

Abstract

The invention relates to a force transmission device and a test system. The force transmission device comprises a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a third cylinder which are coaxially arranged along a first direction, the second barrel is arranged between the first barrel and the third barrel in a sleeving manner, the first barrel is movably arranged relative to the second barrel, and the second barrel is movably arranged relative to the third barrel; the force transmission device further comprises at least one group of friction pieces; the at least one group of friction pieces are arranged between the side wall of the first barrel and the side wall of the second barrel; a limiting piece and an elastic piece are arranged in the third barrel, the elastic piece is connected to the second barrel, and part of the second barrel is located in the third barrel; the third cylinder is arranged at one end of a test component; when the first barrel is driven by external force to move towards the third barrel, the second barrel can abut against the limiting piece in the third barrel, and the elastic restoring force generated by the elastic piece is smaller than the friction force of the first barrel relative to the second barrel. According to the invention, the bearing capacity of the concrete structure can be simulated and tested when the steel pipe is subjected to a damaged load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building component testing, and in particular to a force transmission device and a testing system. Background Art

[0002] In actual engineering applications, the load on the steel tube concrete column is transmitted to the steel tube wall of the steel tube concrete column through the frame beam, and then transmitted to the concrete through the structural measures between the steel tube and the concrete. If there is no structural measure between the steel tube and the concrete, a gap will be generated between the steel tube and the concrete after a long time. At this time, the load on the steel tube wall cannot be transmitted to the concrete, and the load on the concrete is mainly the self-weight of the upper concrete, which is equivalent to a "constant axial pressure value". In order to truly simulate the bearing capacity of the steel tube concrete column after the gap between the steel tube and the concrete is generated, it is necessary to apply a destructive load to the steel tube wall while keeping the load applied to the top surface of the concrete unchanged.

[0003] At present, electro-hydraulic servo axial force testing machines are usually used to carry out axial compression tests on steel tube concrete columns. However, axial compression tests can only be carried out on the full cross-section of the steel tube concrete column, or only on the steel tube or concrete. It is impossible to simulate the bearing capacity of the concrete structure when the steel tube is subjected to a destructive load. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above description, the present application provides a force transmission device and a test system, which helps to solve the problem that the current axial compression test equipment cannot simulate the bearing capacity of the concrete structure when the steel pipe is subjected to a destructive load.

[0005] According to a first aspect, the present application provides a force transmission device, comprising: a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a third cylinder coaxially arranged along a first direction; the second cylinder is sleeved between the first cylinder and the third cylinder, the first cylinder is movably arranged relative to the second cylinder, and the second cylinder is movably arranged relative to the third cylinder;

[0006] The force transmission device further comprises at least one set of friction members, which are arranged between the side wall of the first cylinder and the side wall of the second cylinder; a stopper and an elastic member are arranged in the third cylinder, the elastic member is connected to the second cylinder, and part of the second cylinder is located in the third cylinder;

[0007] Wherein, the third cylinder is used to be arranged at one end of the test component; when the first cylinder is driven by external force to move toward the third cylinder, the second cylinder can abut against the limit piece in the third cylinder, and the elastic restoring force generated by the elastic piece is smaller than the friction force of the first cylinder relative to the second cylinder; the direction of the elastic restoring force is parallel to the first direction.

[0008] In one or more embodiments, an adjusting member is further included, the adjusting member penetrating and connecting the first cylinder, the at least one set of friction members and the second cylinder, and used for adjusting the pressure of the first cylinder relative to the second cylinder;

[0009] An opening is formed on the side wall of the first cylinder, the adjusting member passes through the opening, and an extending direction of the opening is parallel to the first direction.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the friction members are provided in two groups, wherein one group of friction members is provided between the first cylinder and the second cylinder, and the other group of friction members is provided outside the second cylinder.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, an adjusting member and a clamping member are further included, wherein the adjusting member sequentially penetrates and connects the second cylinder, one set of friction members, the first cylinder, another set of friction members and the clamping member, and is used to adjust the pressure of the first cylinder relative to the second cylinder;

[0012] An opening is formed on the side wall of the first cylinder, the adjusting member passes through the opening, and an extending direction of the opening is parallel to the first direction.

[0013] In one or more embodiments, the adjusting members are provided in plurality, the side wall of the first cylinder is provided with a plurality of openings corresponding to the plurality of adjusting members one by one, and the adjusting members are detachably connected to the first cylinder, the friction member and the second cylinder.

[0014] In one or more embodiments, one end of the second cylinder is sleeved in the first cylinder; or

[0015] One end of the second cylinder is sleeved outside the first cylinder.

[0016] In one or more embodiments, each group of friction members includes a plurality of friction plates, and the plurality of friction plates are arranged around the side wall of the second cylinder; and / or

[0017] The friction member is detachably connected to the first cylinder and the second cylinder; and / or

[0018] The elastic member is detachably connected to the third cylinder and the second cylinder; and / or

[0019] The limiting member is detachably connected to the third cylinder.

[0020] In one or more embodiments, the axial bearing capacity of the side wall of the second cylinder satisfies the following formula:

[0021] F3≥3F1

[0022] Among them, F3=A×q, F3 represents the axial bearing capacity of the side wall of the second cylinder; A represents the net cross-sectional area of ​​the first cylinder in the second direction, q represents the design value of the material strength of the second cylinder, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; F1 represents the elastic restoring force that the elastic member can generate.

[0023] In one or more embodiments, the side wall of the second cylinder is provided with an air hole, and the side wall of the third cylinder is provided with an air groove, and the air hole corresponds to the air groove.

[0024] According to the second aspect, the present application also provides a testing system, comprising: a pressure testing machine and a force transmission device as described in any of the aforementioned embodiments; the third cylinder of the force transmission device is used for testing one end of the concrete structure in the component; the pressure testing machine is used to provide axial pressure to the steel structure in the test component, and at the same time provide driving force to the first cylinder of the force transmission device.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] The present application is provided by setting a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a third cylinder coaxially arranged along a first direction; the second cylinder is sleeved between the first cylinder and the third cylinder, the first cylinder is movably arranged relative to the second cylinder, the second cylinder is movably arranged relative to the third cylinder, at least one group of friction parts is sandwiched between the first cylinder and the second cylinder, an elastic part is connected between the third cylinder and the second cylinder, and a limit part is provided in the third cylinder; when the pressure testing machine provides axial pressure to the steel structure of the test component, the pressure testing machine provides external force to the force transmission device, and when the external force drives the first cylinder to move toward the third cylinder, the second cylinder can abut against the limit part in the third cylinder, and the elastic restoring force generated by the elastic part is less than the friction force of the first cylinder relative to the second cylinder, the second cylinder is stationary relative to the first cylinder, and the force transmitted to the concrete structure of the test component through the force transmission device is maintained within a certain range, so as to achieve a relatively stable axial force, so as to simulate the bearing capacity of the concrete structure when the steel structure of the test component is subjected to a destructive load. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a force transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a force transmission device;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the force transmission device.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] Force transmission device 100;

[0032] A first cylinder 10, an opening 10a;

[0033] The second cylinder 20, the air hole 20a;

[0034] The third cylinder 30, the air permeable groove 30a;

[0035] Friction member 40, friction plate 41;

[0036] Limiting member 50;

[0037] Elastic member 60;

[0038] Adjustment member 70;

[0039] Clamping piece 80;

[0040] A first direction L1;

[0041] The second direction L2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0044] It will be appreciated that spatial relationship terms such as "under," "beneath," "below," "under," "above," "above," etc., may be used herein to describe the relationship of an element or feature shown in the figures to other elements or features. It will be appreciated that, in addition to the orientations shown in the figures, spatial relationship terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is flipped, an element or feature described as "under other elements" or "under it" or "under it" will be oriented as being "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary terms "under" and "under" may include both upper and lower orientations. In addition, the device may also include additional orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0045] It should be noted that when an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or connected to the other element through an intermediate element. The "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection", "communication connection", etc. if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc. have electrical signals or data transmission between each other.

[0046] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" etc. specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0047] In actual engineering applications, the load on the steel tube concrete column is transferred to the steel tube wall of the steel tube concrete column through the frame beam, and then transferred to the concrete through the structural measures between the steel tube and the concrete. The inventor found that if there is no structural measure between the steel tube and the concrete, a gap will be generated between the steel tube and the concrete after a long time. At this time, the load on the steel tube wall cannot be transferred to the concrete, and the load on the concrete is mainly the dead weight of the upper concrete, which is equivalent to a "constant axial pressure value". In order to truly simulate the bearing capacity of the steel tube concrete column after a gap is generated between the steel tube and the concrete, it is necessary to apply a destructive load to the steel tube wall while keeping the load applied to the top surface of the concrete unchanged.

[0048] At present, when an electro-hydraulic servo axial force testing machine is used to perform axial compression tests on steel tube concrete columns, only the full cross-section can be tested to test the bearing capacity of the steel tube concrete column, or only the steel tube or concrete can be tested to test the bearing capacity of the steel tube or concrete separately. It is impossible to perform an axial force test on the steel tube of the steel tube concrete while applying a relatively constant axial pressure to the concrete. Therefore, it is necessary to study a force transmission device to keep the load applied to the concrete unchanged when the electro-hydraulic servo axial force testing machine applies a destructive load to the steel tube wall.

[0049] Based on this, the present application provides a force transmission device and a testing system, which helps to solve the problem that the current axial compression test equipment cannot simulate the bearing capacity of the concrete structure when the steel pipe is subjected to a destructive load.

[0050] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a force transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 The cross-sectional schematic diagram of the force transmission device is shown for the convenience of explanation, and only the relevant parts are shown.

[0051] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment of the present application provides a force transmission device 100 comprising: a first cylinder 10, a second cylinder 20 and a third cylinder 30 coaxially arranged along a first direction L1; the second cylinder 20 is sleeved between the first cylinder 10 and the third cylinder 30; the first cylinder 10 is movably arranged relative to the second cylinder 20, and the second cylinder 20 is movably arranged relative to the third cylinder 30; the force transmission device 100 further comprises at least one set of friction members 40, and at least one set of friction members 40 is arranged between the side wall of the first cylinder 10 and the side wall of the second cylinder 20; the third cylinder A limit piece 50 and an elastic piece 60 are provided in the body 30, the elastic piece 50 is connected to the second cylinder 20, and part of the second cylinder 20 is located in the third cylinder 30; wherein, the third cylinder 30 is used to be arranged at one end of the test component; when the first cylinder 10 is driven by an external force to move toward the third cylinder 30, the second cylinder 20 can abut against the limit piece 50 in the third cylinder 30, and the elastic restoring force generated by the elastic piece 60 is smaller than the friction force of the first cylinder 10 relative to the second cylinder 20, and the direction of the elastic restoring force is parallel to the first direction L1.

[0052] It should be noted that the test member is a steel tube concrete column, and the third cylinder 30 of the force transmission device 100 is used to test one end of the concrete structure in the member. The cross-sectional shapes of the first cylinder 10, the second cylinder 20 and the third cylinder 30 are square or circular, which is not limited in this embodiment. The elastic member 60 is connected between the third cylinder 30 and the second cylinder 20 along the first direction L1, that is, there is a spacing space between the bottom wall of the third cylinder 30 and the bottom wall of the second cylinder 20, and the elastic member 60 is located in the spacing space. The elastic member 60 is fixedly connected between the bottom wall of the third cylinder 30 and the bottom wall of the second cylinder 20, or the elastic member 60 abuts against the bottom wall of the third cylinder 30 and the bottom wall of the second cylinder 20, which is not limited in this embodiment. In addition, in this embodiment, the stopper 50 is an integrated member, and the cross-sectional shape along the first direction L1 is annular. In other embodiments, the stopper 50 can adopt multiple blocks. In this embodiment, the elastic member 60 is configured as a spring, and the vertical distance between the bottom wall of the second cylinder 20 and the limit member 50 is x. When the second cylinder 20 abuts against the limit member 50, the elastic restoring force F1 = kx generated by the elastic member 60, where k represents the elastic coefficient of the elastic member 60.

[0053] When the axial force test is performed on the test member, the pressure tester is used to provide axial pressure to the steel structure in the test member, and at the same time, a driving force is provided to the first cylinder 10 of the force transmission device 100, so that the first cylinder 10 moves toward the third cylinder 30, driving the second cylinder 20 to move and compress the elastic member 60, until the second cylinder 20 abuts against the stopper 50 in the third cylinder 30 and no longer moves downward, and the elastic restoring force generated by the elastic member 60 is less than the friction force of the first cylinder 10 relative to the second cylinder 20, and the second cylinder 20 is stationary relative to the first cylinder 10. Even if the first cylinder 10 continues to move downward, the axial force of the concrete structure transmitted to the test member through the force transmission device 100 is kept within a certain range.

[0054] When the first cylinder 10 moves downward relative to the second cylinder 20, the first cylinder 10 generates a sliding friction force on the second cylinder 20 through the friction member 40, and the axial force transmitted to the concrete structure of the test member by the force transmission device 100 is equal to the magnitude of the sliding friction force. When the first cylinder 10 is stationary relative to the second cylinder 20, the first cylinder 10 generates a static friction force on the second cylinder 20 through the friction member 40, and the magnitude of the axial force is between the magnitude of the elastic restoring force and the critical value of the friction force, and the critical value of the friction force is related to the friction coefficient of the friction member 40 and the positive pressure on the friction member 40. It can be understood that the magnitude of the axial force transmitted to the concrete structure of the test member by the force transmission device 100 is maintained between the magnitude of the elastic restoring force and the critical value of the friction force. In this way, while the axial compression test is performed on the steel structure of the test member, a relatively stable axial force can also be applied to the concrete structure, so as to simulate the bearing capacity of the concrete structure when the steel structure is subjected to a destructive load.

[0055] Continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 , and combined with Figure 3 In some embodiments, the force transmission device 100 of the present application further includes an adjusting member 70, which penetrates and connects the first cylinder 10, at least one set of friction members 40 and the second cylinder 20, and is used to adjust the pressure of the first cylinder 10 relative to the second cylinder 20; an opening 10a is provided on the side wall of the first cylinder 10, and the adjusting member 70 passes through the opening 10a, and the extension direction of the opening 10a is parallel to the first direction L1.

[0056] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the adjusting member 70 includes high-strength bolts and nuts, which penetrate the first cylinder 10, at least one group of friction members 40 and the second cylinder 20 through the bolts, and adjust the pressure between the first cylinder 10, at least one group of friction members 40 and the second cylinder 20 by tightening the nuts.

[0057] Specifically, by setting an adjustment member 70 to penetrate and connect the first cylinder 10, at least one group of friction members 40 and the second cylinder 20, the pressure of the first cylinder 10 relative to the second cylinder 20 can be adjusted according to the axial force required for the test, thereby adjusting the friction force on the second cylinder 20, transmitting a relatively stable axial force to the concrete structure, and facilitating the simulation of the bearing capacity of the concrete structure when the steel structure is subjected to a destructive load. Further, by setting an opening 10a on the side wall of the first cylinder 10, the adjustment member 70 passes through the opening 10a, and the extension direction of the opening 10a is parallel to the first direction L1. In this way, the opening 10a of the first cylinder 10 acts as a slideway and can slide through the adjustment member 70 to enable the first cylinder 10 to move downward relative to the second cylinder 20 along the first direction L1.

[0058] In some embodiments, the friction member 40 is provided in a group, and one group of friction members 40 is fixed outside the side wall of the first cylinder 10. Alternatively, one group of friction members 40 is fixed inside the side wall of the second cylinder 20. Alternatively, the first cylinder 10, the friction member 40 and the second cylinder 20 are connected through the adjusting member 70, and the side wall of the first cylinder 10 is provided with an opening 10a, and the adjusting member 70 passes through the opening 10a, and the extension direction of the opening 10a is parallel to the first direction L1. In this way, the friction member 40 can be arranged between the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20 in three ways. When the first cylinder 10 moves, the first cylinder 10 generates friction force on the second cylinder 20 through the friction member 40 to achieve the transmission of axial force.

[0059] Continue reading Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, two groups of friction members 40 are provided, one group of friction members 40 is provided between the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20, and the other group of friction members 40 is provided outside the second cylinder 20. By arranging two groups of friction members 40 on both sides of the first cylinder 10, the side wall of the first cylinder 10 is sandwiched between the two groups of friction members 40, and the friction force of the first cylinder 10 relative to the second cylinder 20 is increased to achieve a larger axial force.

[0060] Furthermore, the present application further includes an adjusting member 70 and a clamping member 80. The adjusting member 70 sequentially penetrates and connects the second cylinder 20, one group of friction members 40, the first cylinder 10, and another group of friction and clamping members 80, and is used to adjust the pressure of the first cylinder 10 relative to the second cylinder 20; the side wall of the first cylinder 10 is provided with an opening 10a, and the adjusting member 70 passes through the opening 10a, and the extension direction of the opening 10a is parallel to the first direction L1. By setting the adjusting member 70 to sequentially penetrate and fix the side wall of the second cylinder 20, one group of friction members 40, the side wall of the first cylinder 10, and another group of friction and clamping members 80, the friction members 40 are set on both sides of the first cylinder 10, and the friction force of the first cylinder 10 relative to the second cylinder 20 is increased.

[0061] Continue reading Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, there are multiple adjusting members 70, and the side wall of the first cylinder 10 is provided with multiple openings 10a corresponding to the multiple adjusting members 70, and the adjusting members 70 are detachably connected to the first cylinder 10, the friction member 40 and the second cylinder 20.

[0062] Specifically, by providing a plurality of adjusting members 70 which are detachably connected to the first cylinder 10, the friction member 40 and the second cylinder 20, a plurality of openings 10a corresponding to the plurality of adjusting members 70 are provided on the side wall of the first cylinder 10. The number of adjusting members 70 used can be increased or decreased as needed to adjust the positive pressure between the first cylinder 10, the friction member 40 and the second cylinder 20, so as to adjust the friction force of the first cylinder 10 relative to the second cylinder 20, thereby helping to achieve the axial force required for the test.

[0063] It should be noted that when calculating the critical value of friction force in practice, the formula: F2 = mnμN can be used, where μ is the friction coefficient of the friction member 40, m represents the number of groups of friction members 40, n represents the number of adjustment members 70 used, and N represents the positive pressure applied by a single adjustment member 70 to the friction member 40. In this embodiment, the force required for the first cylinder 10 to slide relative to the second cylinder 20 is greater than or equal to F2. Further, 1.1F1≥F2≥1.05F1 is set, so that the axial force of the concrete structure transmitted to the test component by the force transmission device 100 is kept within a controllable range, and while the steel structure of the test component is subjected to an axial compression test, a relatively stable axial force can also be applied to the concrete structure, so as to simulate the bearing capacity of the concrete structure when the steel structure is subjected to a destructive load.

[0064] Continue reading Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, one end of the second cylinder 20 is sleeved inside the first cylinder 10. Alternatively, one end of the second cylinder 20 is sleeved outside the first cylinder 10. By setting one end of the second cylinder 20 to be sleeved inside the first cylinder 10, or one end of the second cylinder 20 to be sleeved outside the first cylinder 10, two implementations can be achieved, and two sets of friction members 40 can be installed in both implementations, so that the sleeve connection method of the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20 can be flexibly set.

[0065] Continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 3In some embodiments, each group of friction members 40 includes a plurality of friction plates 41, and the plurality of friction plates 41 are arranged around the side wall of the second cylinder 20. In this embodiment, each group of friction members 40 includes four friction plates 41, and the friction members 40 are arranged in two groups, and the four friction plates 41 of one group of friction members 40 are arranged closely to the side wall of the second cylinder 20, and the four friction plates 41 of the other group of friction members 40 are arranged closely to the side wall of the first cylinder 10. In other embodiments, the friction members 40 may be arranged in one group, and the four friction plates 41 of one group of friction members 40 are arranged closely to the side wall of the second cylinder 20. In this way, the friction force of the first cylinder 10 relative to the second cylinder 20 can be increased, which helps to achieve the axial force required for the test.

[0066] In some embodiments, the friction member 40 is detachably connected to the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first cylinder 10, the friction member 40 and the second cylinder 20 are fixed through the adjustment member 70, and the adjustment member 70 uses bolts and nuts to achieve the detachable connection of the friction member 40 to the first cylinder 10 and the second cylinder 20. In this way, the friction plate 41 with a suitable friction coefficient can be selected according to the axial force value to be transmitted in the test, or a new friction member 40 can be replaced after multiple uses.

[0067] Further, the elastic member 60 is detachably connected to the third cylinder 30 and the second cylinder 20. The stopper 50 is detachably connected to the third cylinder 30. In this embodiment, the elastic member 60 and the stopper 50 are directly placed in the third cylinder 30, so that the elastic member 60 and the stopper 50 are detachable. In this way, the elastic member 60 with a suitable elastic coefficient and the stopper 50 with a suitable height can be selected according to the axial force value to be transmitted in the test.

[0068] Continue reading Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the side wall of the second cylinder 20 is provided with a vent hole 20a, the side wall of the third cylinder 30 is provided with a vent groove 30a, and the vent hole 20a corresponds to the vent groove 30a. Specifically, the first cylinder 10, the second cylinder 20 and the third cylinder 30 are all made of steel, and the top of the first cylinder 10 has a sealing steel plate, the bottom of the second cylinder 20 has a sealing steel plate, and the bottom of the third cylinder 30 has a sealing steel plate. By providing the vent hole 20a on the side wall of the second cylinder 20, the side wall of the third cylinder 30 is provided with a vent groove 30a, and the vent hole 20a corresponds to the vent groove 30a, in this way, during the movement of the first cylinder 10 toward the third cylinder 30, the influence of the air pressure inside the first cylinder 10, the second cylinder 20 and the third cylinder 30 can be eliminated.

[0069] In some embodiments, the axial bearing capacity of the side wall of the second cylinder 20 satisfies the following formula: F3≥3F1, wherein F3=A×q, F3 represents the axial bearing capacity of the side wall of the second cylinder 20; A represents the net cross-sectional area of ​​the first cylinder 10 in the second direction L2, q represents the material strength design value of the second cylinder 20, and the second direction L2 is perpendicular to the first direction L1; F1 represents the elastic restoring force that the elastic member 60 can generate. In this embodiment, the wall thickness t1 of the first cylinder 10 can be set to be ≥16mm. By setting the axial bearing capacity of the side wall of the second cylinder 20 to satisfy: F3≥3F1, the situation where the second cylinder 20 yields or produces excessive elastic deformation under the driving action of external force can be reduced. In addition, in this embodiment, the wall thickness of the first cylinder 10 is the same as the wall thickness of the second cylinder 20, and the net cross-sectional area of ​​the second cylinder 20 in the second direction L2 is greater than the net cross-sectional area of ​​the first cylinder 10 in the second direction L2. Therefore, after the axial bearing capacity of the second cylinder 20 meets the bearing requirements, the first cylinder 10 naturally also meets the bearing requirements.

[0070] See also Figures 1 to 3 Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a testing system, including: a pressure testing machine and a force transmission device 100 as in any of the above embodiments; the third cylinder 30 of the force transmission device 100 is used for testing one end of the concrete structure in the component; the pressure testing machine is used to provide axial pressure to the steel structure in the test component, and at the same time provide driving force to the first cylinder 10 of the force transmission device 100.

[0071] Specifically, the pressure testing machine adopts an electro-hydraulic servo axial force testing machine. When the test component is subjected to an axial force test, the pressure testing machine is used to provide a downward axial force to the steel structure in the test component, and at the same time, a driving force is provided to the first cylinder 10 of the force transmission device 100, so that the first cylinder 10 moves toward the third cylinder 30, driving the second cylinder 20 to move and compress the elastic member 60, until the second cylinder 20 abuts against the stopper 50 in the third cylinder 30 and no longer moves downward, and the elastic restoring force generated by the elastic member 60 is less than the friction force of the first cylinder 10 relative to the second cylinder 20, and the second cylinder 20 is stationary relative to the first cylinder 10. Even if the first cylinder 10 continues to move downward, the axial force of the concrete structure transmitted to the test component by the force transmission device 100 is maintained within a certain range. In this way, while the steel structure of the test component is subjected to an axial compression test, a relatively stable axial force can also be applied to the concrete structure, so as to simulate the bearing capacity of the concrete structure when the steel structure is subjected to a destructive load.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A force transmission device, characterized in that: include: A first cylinder, a second cylinder and a third cylinder are coaxially arranged along a first direction; the second cylinder is sleeved between the first cylinder and the third cylinder, the first cylinder is movably arranged relative to the second cylinder, and the second cylinder is movably arranged relative to the third cylinder; The force transmission device further comprises at least one set of friction members, which are arranged between the side wall of the first cylinder and the side wall of the second cylinder; a stopper and an elastic member are arranged in the third cylinder, the elastic member is connected to the second cylinder, and part of the second cylinder is located in the third cylinder; Wherein, the third cylinder is used to be arranged at one end of the test component; when the first cylinder is driven by external force to move toward the third cylinder, the second cylinder can abut against the limit piece in the third cylinder, and the elastic restoring force generated by the elastic piece is smaller than the friction force of the first cylinder relative to the second cylinder; the direction of the elastic restoring force is parallel to the first direction.

2. The force transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an adjusting member, which penetrates and connects the first cylinder, the at least one set of friction members and the second cylinder, and is used to adjust the pressure of the first cylinder relative to the second cylinder; An opening is formed on the side wall of the first cylinder, the adjusting member passes through the opening, and an extending direction of the opening is parallel to the first direction.

3. The force transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction members are provided in two groups, wherein one group of friction members is provided between the first cylinder and the second cylinder, and the other group of friction members is provided outside the second cylinder.

4. The force transmission device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an adjusting member and a clamping member, wherein the adjusting member sequentially penetrates and connects the second cylinder, one set of friction members, the first cylinder, another set of friction members and the clamping member, and is used to adjust the pressure of the first cylinder relative to the second cylinder; An opening is formed on the side wall of the first cylinder, the adjusting member passes through the opening, and an extending direction of the opening is parallel to the first direction.

5. The force transmission device according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: There are multiple adjusting members, and the side wall of the first cylinder is provided with multiple openings corresponding to the multiple adjusting members one by one, and the adjusting members are detachably connected to the first cylinder, the friction member and the second cylinder.

6. The force transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: One end of the second cylinder is sleeved in the first cylinder; or One end of the second cylinder is sleeved outside the first cylinder.

7. The force transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Each group of friction members includes a plurality of friction plates, and the plurality of friction plates are arranged around the side wall of the second cylinder; and / or The friction member is detachably connected to the first cylinder and the second cylinder; and / or The elastic member is detachably connected to the third cylinder and the second cylinder; and / or The limiting member is detachably connected to the third cylinder.

8. The force transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The axial bearing capacity of the side wall of the second cylinder satisfies the following formula: F3≥3F1 Among them, F3=A×q, F3 represents the axial bearing capacity of the side wall of the second cylinder; A represents the net cross-sectional area of ​​the first cylinder in the second direction, q represents the design value of the material strength of the second cylinder, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; F1 represents the elastic restoring force that the elastic member can generate.

9. The force transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the second cylinder is provided with an air hole, and the side wall of the third cylinder is provided with an air groove, and the air hole corresponds to the air groove.

10. A testing system, characterized in that: include: A pressure testing machine and a force transmission device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9; The third cylinder of the force transmission device is used for testing one end of the concrete structure in the component; the pressure testing machine is used for providing axial pressure to the steel structure in the test component and simultaneously providing driving force to the first cylinder of the force transmission device.

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