Model tank experimental equipment and refrigeration system thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses model tank experimental equipment and a freezing system thereof, and relates to the technical field of research on temperature field evolution and physical property change of soil in the clay freezing process, the model tank experimental equipment comprises a frame and a frame plate, the frame plate is arranged on the inner side of the frame, an adjusting unit is arranged at the transparent end of the frame, and the adjusting unit is connected with the frame plate. The adjusting unit is used for adjusting the size of the inner space of the frame, the top of the frame is provided with a crushing unit, the crushing unit is used for crushing soil blocks in the frame, the frame is provided with a water supplementing unit, the water supplementing unit is used for providing water for a soil body in the frame, and the adjusting unit comprises a movable plate; the caked soil body is crushed when the experimental soil body is added into the tank body, the density of the soil body is adjusted according to experimental requirements so as to be closer to the soil body during construction, in addition, the frozen experimental soil body is convenient to clean, and soil attached to the inner wall of the tank body is thoroughly cleaned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of research on temperature field evolution and soil physical property change during clay freezing, in particular to a model tank experimental device and a freezing system thereof. Background Art

[0002] Poor foundation and weak foundation are common geotechnical engineering problems in engineering. Traditional reinforcement methods include flexible pile method and grouting method. The freezing method has attracted more and more attention due to its advantages such as popular principle, simple construction and light chemical pollution. The expansion and melting of soil during the freezing process will have an adverse effect on surrounding projects and buildings, which makes the promotion of artificial freezing method subject to certain restrictions. Therefore, studying and predicting the formation law of the frozen wall temperature field in freezing construction to determine the strength and stability of the frozen wall, and analyzing the frost heave and thaw settlement in freezing construction are of great significance to the promotion of the application of freezing construction in engineering.

[0003] The Chinese patent application number 201410022445X discloses a lateral displacement multifunctional model trough experimental system, which includes a model trough part, an experimental loading part, and a data measurement system; the model trough part is connected to the experimental loading part by bolts, and the data measurement system is fixed to the model trough part by screws. The model trough part includes a rectangular trough body, and the trough body includes an outer frame, a PVC plate, a movable baffle wall, a bottom steel plate and a back steel plate, stiffening ribs, and a brace. The outer frame is connected by angle steel, and the PVC plate is fixed to the two outer side stiffening ribs of the outer frame by screws. The movable baffle wall is placed at the inner length direction end of the outer frame, and the bottom steel plate and the back steel plate are welded to the bottom and back side of the inner side of the outer frame. Vertical and horizontal stiffening ribs perpendicular to each other are respectively arranged in the length direction of the two outer sides of the outer frame, and the back side of the outer frame is provided with vertical stiffening ribs. Two braces are connected to the top of the outer frame by bolts. However, when the soil for the experiment is added into the trough body, the soil is easy to agglomerate, which will affect the experimental results.

[0004] Moreover, the density of the experimental soil inside the trough cannot be adjusted as needed, resulting in a large difference in density from the actual construction soil, affecting the reliability of the experimental results. In addition, when the experimental soil needs to be replaced, the frozen soil is inconvenient to clean due to its high hardness, and residual frozen soil and mud will adhere to the inner wall of the trough, making it difficult to clean thoroughly. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a model tank experimental equipment and a freezing system thereof, which can break up the agglomerated soil when adding the experimental soil into the tank, and can adjust the density of the soil according to the experimental requirements to be closer to the soil during construction. In addition, it is convenient to clean the frozen experimental soil and thoroughly clean the soil attached to the inner wall of the tank, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a model tank experimental device, comprising a frame and a frame plate, wherein the frame plate is arranged on the inner side of the frame; The transparent end of the frame is provided with an adjustment unit, the adjustment unit is used to adjust the size of the internal space of the frame, the top of the frame is provided with a crushing unit, the crushing unit is used to crush the soil inside the frame, and the frame is provided with a water replenishment unit, the water replenishment unit is used to provide moisture to the soil inside the frame; The adjustment unit comprises a movable plate, a mounting seat is provided at the transparent end of the frame, threaded sleeves are symmetrically passed through and rotatably connected on both sides of the mounting seat, a screw is connected to the inner thread of the threaded sleeve, and a driving mechanism for driving the screw to move linearly is provided on the mounting seat; The crushing unit includes two symmetrically arranged longitudinal sliding parts, a transverse sliding part is provided between the sliding parts of the longitudinal sliding parts on both sides, an electric push rod is provided on the sliding part of the transverse sliding part, a bracket is provided at the top telescopic end of the electric push rod, a square tube is penetrated by the bottom horizontal plane of the bracket, a movable rod is slidably fitted inside the square tube, a pressure seat is provided at the bottom of the square tube, and each side surface of the pressure seat is slidably connected with a movable seat, and a crushing plate is provided on the bottom surface of the movable seat.

[0007] Preferably, the frame is a rectangular structure, the top and one end of the frame are transparent, the frame is welded from angle steels, and the frame plate includes PVC plates arranged on both sides of the frame in the length direction and steel plates respectively arranged on the bottom and internal end faces of the frame, and the PVC plates are made of transparent material.

[0008] Preferably, the movable plate is slidably matched with the frame plate in the length direction of the frame, a fixing frame is provided on the outer side of the movable plate, a guide rod passes through the side of the mounting seat, the end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the fixing frame, and the end of the screw rod is fixedly connected to the fixing frame.

[0009] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes an adjusting motor and symmetrically arranged sub-gears, the two sub-gears are respectively fixedly sleeved on the threaded sleeves on both sides, the adjusting motor is arranged on the top of the mounting seat, and a main gear is provided on the adjusting motor, and the main gear and the sub-gears on both sides are connected by meshing with toothed belts to achieve transmission connection.

[0010] Preferably, the two longitudinal sliding parts are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the frame, the bracket is a Z-shaped structure, a pressure sensor is arranged on the side of the bracket through a limit plate, the top of the movable rod is fixedly connected to the detection end of the pressure sensor, the outer part of the movable rod is sleeved with a buffer spring, and the two ends of the buffer spring are respectively fixedly connected to the movable rod and the top of the square tube; An electric telescopic rod corresponding to the movable seat is arranged on the top of the movable seat, and a telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the movable seat through a connecting seat.

[0011] Preferably, the water replenishment unit includes a base plate, a telescopic frame is provided on the top of the base plate, a mounting plate is provided on the top of the telescopic frame, both sides of the bottom surface of the mounting plate are rotatably connected to collecting pipes through supports, and a sprinkler head is provided at the bottom of the collecting pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom plate is arranged above the frame, a hydraulic rod is arranged at the edge of the bottom plate, the top of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and a sealing frame is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the top of the frame and at a position corresponding to the bottom plate; A hydraulic cylinder is provided on the side of the frame, and the top telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom plate.

[0013] Preferably, a rotating motor is provided on the side of the support, the output shaft of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the end of the collecting pipe, the collecting pipe is fixedly connected to a water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe is connected to an external water supply system; The top of the mounting plate is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is provided with a solenoid valve.

[0014] The present invention also provides a freezing system, which is used for the model tank experimental equipment as described above, and includes a freezing unit, wherein the freezing unit includes a plug hole and a freezer, wherein the plug hole is opened at the end of the frame, the plug hole passes through the frame plate, and a freezing pipe is plugged into the plug hole; The refrigerator is arranged on the top of the mounting plate, and the input end and the output end of the refrigerator are fixedly connected with the input end and the output end of the freezing pipe respectively through the insulation pipe; It also includes an automatic temperature acquisition system and a flow control system, which are respectively arranged at the positions where the freezing pipe enters and exits the frame plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. When the soil is placed in the frame, the electric push rod is extended and retracted, and the square tube is driven to drive the pressure seat to move up and down through the connection of the bracket and the buffer spring, so as to break the soil blocks, and the longitudinal sliding part and the transverse sliding part cooperate to drive the electric push rod to move longitudinally and transversely, so that the up and down movement of the pressure seat covers all positions of the soil.

[0016] 2. When there is a large difference in moisture content between the top and bottom of the soil, the present invention makes the bottom plate fit with the sealing frame, controls the solenoid valve to open the connecting pipe, uses the contraction of the hydraulic rod to completely contract the telescopic frame, and then closes the connecting pipe, opens the drainage pipe at the bottom of the frame, and uses the extension of the hydraulic rod to extend the telescopic frame, so that the top of the frame and the telescopic frame are in a negative pressure state, so that the moisture accumulated at the bottom of the soil gradually migrates to the top of the soil, thereby reducing the moisture content difference.

[0017] 3. After the soil is injected into the frame, the present invention utilizes the forward and reverse driving of the driving mechanism to make the screw reciprocate linearly, realize the reciprocating linear motion of the movable plate, so as to perform horizontal reciprocating extrusion on the soil and increase the soil density in the horizontal direction. Then, the electric push rod is reciprocated and extended rapidly to a large extent, and the pressure seat is reciprocated up and down to increase the pressure of the pressure seat on the soil, compact the top of the soil, increase the density of the soil in the vertical direction, and then improve the overall density of the soil, so that the experiment is closer to the soil in the construction environment.

[0018] 4. When the present invention cleans the frozen soil, the electric telescopic rod is extended to make the bottom of the crushing plate extend downward, and the electric push rod is used to make the pressure seat drive the crushing plate to move up and down to crush the frozen soil. At the same time, the motor is adjusted to rotate in the opposite direction to make the movable plate away from the frozen soil, so that the frozen soil is easier to break, thereby realizing the rapid cleaning of the frozen soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the framework structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing unit of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the framework of the present invention from another angle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water replenishment unit of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water replenishment unit of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the freezing tube structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1, frame; 101, frame plate; 2, adjustment unit; 201, movable plate; 202, fixed frame; 203, mounting seat; 204, guide rod; 205, screw rod; 206, threaded sleeve; 207, secondary gear; 208, toothed belt; 209, adjustment motor; 210, main gear; 3, crushing unit; 301, longitudinal sliding part; 302, transverse sliding part; 303, electric push rod; 304, bracket; 305, square tube; 306, limit plate; 307, movable rod; 308, pressure seat; 309, movable Moving seat; 310, crushing plate; 311, electric telescopic rod; 312, buffer spring; 4, water supply unit; 401, bottom plate; 402, telescopic frame; 403, mounting plate; 404, hydraulic rod; 405, sealing frame; 406, hydraulic cylinder; 407, support; 408, collecting pipe; 409, sprinkler head; 410, rotating motor; 411, water supply pipe; 412, connecting pipe; 413, solenoid valve; 5, freezing unit; 501, plug hole; 502, freezing pipe; 503, sealing plug; 504, freezer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a model tank experimental device, including a frame 1 and a frame plate 101. The frame 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure. The top and one end of the frame 1 are transparent. The frame 1 is welded by angle steel. The frame plate 101 is arranged on the inner side of the frame 1. The frame plate 101 includes PVC plates arranged on both sides of the frame 1 in the length direction and steel plates respectively arranged on the bottom and the inner end surface of the frame 1. The PVC plates are made of transparent material.

[0023] The transparent end of the frame 1 is provided with an adjustment unit 2, and the adjustment unit 2 is used to adjust the size of the internal space of the frame 1. The adjustment unit 2 includes a movable plate 201, and the movable plate 201 is preferably made of metal. The movable plate 201 is slidably matched with the frame plate 101 in the length direction of the frame 1. The outer side of the movable plate 201 is provided with a fixing frame 202, and the fixing frame 202 is made of metal. The transparent end of the frame 1 is provided with a mounting seat 203, and the side of the mounting seat 203 is penetrated by a guide rod 204. The end of the guide rod 204 is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 202. The guide rod 204 is used for guiding and limiting the movable plate 201 during linear motion, and improves the movable plate 201. In order to enhance the supporting strength of the movable plate 201, threaded sleeves 206 are symmetrically penetrated and rotatably connected on both sides of the mounting seat 203, and the threaded sleeves 206 are internally threadedly connected with screws 205. The ends of the screws 205 are fixedly connected to the fixing frame 202. A driving mechanism for driving the screw 205 to move linearly is provided on the mounting seat 203. The driving mechanism drives the threaded sleeve 206 to rotate. Due to the threaded connection between the threaded sleeve 206 and the screw 205 and the fixed connection between the screw 205 and the fixing frame 202, the screw 205 can move linearly, which can drive the fixing frame 202 to drive the movable plate 201 to move linearly to adjust the size of the internal space of the frame 1.

[0024] The driving mechanism includes an adjusting motor 209 and symmetrically arranged sub-gears 207. The two sub-gears 207 are fixedly sleeved on the threaded sleeves 206 on both sides respectively. The adjusting motor 209 is arranged on the top of the mounting seat 203. A main gear 210 is arranged on the adjusting motor 209. The main gear 210 and the sub-gears 207 on both sides are connected by meshing with toothed belts 208 to achieve transmission connection. The adjusting motor 209 drives the main gear 210 to rotate. The main gear 210 is connected to the two sub-gears 207 through the toothed belts 208 to synchronously drive the threaded sleeves 206 on both sides to rotate.

[0025] A crushing unit 3 is provided on the top of the frame 1, and the crushing unit 3 is used to crush the soil blocks inside the frame 1. The crushing unit 3 includes two symmetrically arranged longitudinal sliding parts 301, and the two longitudinal sliding parts 301 are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the frame 1. A transverse sliding part 302 is provided between the sliding parts of the longitudinal sliding parts 301 on both sides. The longitudinal sliding part 301 and the transverse sliding part 302 respectively drive the pressure seat 308 to move linearly along the length direction and the width direction of the frame 1. An electric push rod 303 is provided on the sliding part of the transverse sliding part 302. A bracket 304 is provided at the top telescopic end of the electric push rod 303. The bracket 304 is a Z-shaped structure. A pressure sensor is provided on the side of the bracket 304 through a limit plate 306. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure from the top of the movable rod 307. The bottom horizontal plane of the bracket 304 is penetrated by a square tube 305, and the inside of the square tube 305 is slidably matched with a movable rod 307, and the top of the movable rod 307 is fixedly connected to the detection end of the pressure sensor, and the outside of the movable rod 307 is sleeved with a buffer spring 312, and the two ends of the buffer spring 312 are respectively fixedly connected to the movable rod 307 and the top of the square tube 305, and a pressure seat 308 is provided at the bottom of the square tube 305. When the soil is added into the frame 1, the electric push rod 303 is started, and the square tube 305 is driven downward by the electric push rod 303 through the bracket 304. When the pressure seat 308 hits the soil, the electric push rod 303 is telescopically moved, and the up and down movement of the pressure seat 308 breaks the soil. At the same time, the movable rod 307 slides relatively inside the square tube 305.

[0026] A water replenishment unit 4 is provided on the frame 1, and the water replenishment unit 4 is used to provide moisture to the soil in the frame 1. The water replenishment unit 4 includes a base plate 401, and the base plate 401 is arranged above the frame 1. A telescopic frame 402 is provided on the top of the base plate 401, and a mounting plate 403 is provided on the top of the telescopic frame 402. A hydraulic rod 404 is provided at the edge of the base plate 401, and the top of the hydraulic rod 404 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 403. The mounting plate 403 is driven by the telescopic movement of the hydraulic rod 404 to drive the telescopic frame 402 to extend and retract up and down to adjust the height of the sprinkler head 409.

[0027] A sealing frame 405 is fixedly sleeved on the top outer side of the frame 1 and at a position corresponding to the bottom plate 401. After the sealing frame 405 and the bottom plate 401 are connected, sealing between the telescopic frame 402 and the frame 1 is achieved. A hydraulic cylinder 406 is provided on the side of the frame 1. The top telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 406 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 401. The telescopic drive of the hydraulic cylinder 406 drives the bottom plate 401 to drive the telescopic frame 402 and the mounting plate 403 to move up and down as a whole.

[0028] Both sides of the bottom surface of the mounting plate 403 are rotatably connected with a collecting pipe 408 through a support 407, a spray head 409 is provided at the bottom of the collecting pipe 408, a rotating motor 410 is provided on the side of the support 407, the output shaft of the rotating motor 410 is fixedly connected to the end of the collecting pipe 408, and a water supply pipe 411 is fixedly connected to the collecting pipe 408, and the water supply pipe 411 is connected to an external water supply system. The external water supply system introduces a high-pressure water source into the collecting pipe 408 through the water supply pipe 411, and sprays it into the frame 1 through the spray head 409, so as to replenish moisture to the experimental soil in the frame 1.

[0029] A connecting pipe 412 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate 403 , and a solenoid valve 413 is provided on the connecting pipe 412 . The solenoid valve 413 controls the opening and closing of the connecting pipe 412 , thereby controlling the pressure in the telescopic frame 402 .

[0030] The model trough experimental equipment also includes a heat preservation system, a data acquisition system and a temperature measurement system arranged outside the frame 1. The heat preservation system reduces the heat exchange between the inside and outside of the frame 1. The temperature measurement system includes a temperature measuring tube and a temperature sensor. By placing the temperature measuring tube and the temperature sensor in the soil inside the frame 1, the temperature change of the soil is monitored and analyzed in real time.

[0031] The present invention also provides a freezing system for the above-mentioned model tank experimental equipment, including a freezing unit 5, the freezing unit 5 including a plug hole 501 and a refrigerator 504, the plug hole 501 is opened at the end of the frame 1, the plug hole 501 passes through the frame plate 101, and a freezing pipe 502 is inserted in the plug hole 501. By arranging the plug holes 501 in a vertical direction at the end of the frame 1, a multi-layer arrangement of the freezing pipe 502 is realized, and the freezing pipe 502 is distributed in different soil layers. In addition, a single freezing pipe 502 is arranged in the horizontal direction of the model tank, and the evolution process of the temperature field when a stable constant cooling amount is input is measured. On this basis, two or more freezing pipes 502 are arranged in parallel, and multiple freezing pipes 502 are arranged crosswise to measure the evolution of the temperature field of the freezing process under complex boundary conditions. The vacant plug hole 501 is sealed by a sealing plug 503.

[0032] like Figure 7 As shown, a U-shaped flow channel is provided inside the freezing tube 502 for circulating the refrigerant, and the two ends of the U-shaped flow channel are an input port and an output port respectively.

[0033] The refrigerator 504 is arranged on the top of the mounting plate 403. The input end and the output end of the refrigerator 504 are fixedly connected with the input end and the output end of the freezing pipe 502 through the insulation pipe respectively. The refrigerant is discharged into the freezing pipe 502 through the output port of the refrigerator 504, circulates in the freezing pipe 502, and flows back to the refrigerator 504 through the output port of the freezing pipe 502 to realize the circulation of the refrigerant. The refrigerant is preferably brine.

[0034] It also includes an automatic temperature acquisition system and a flow control system. The flow control system and the automatic temperature acquisition system are respectively arranged at the positions of the inlet and outlet frame plates 101 on the freezing pipe 502. The flow control system is used to control the flow of refrigerant in the freezing pipe 502. The automatic temperature acquisition system is used to detect the temperature of the refrigerant when it flows through the output end of the freezing pipe 502, so as to adjust the parameters of soil freezing as needed.

[0035] When in use, before placing soil into the frame 1, start the adjustment motor 209 to drive the main gear 210 to rotate, and the main gear 210 and the two sub-gears 207 drive the threaded sleeves 206 on both sides to rotate through the toothed belt 208, and the threaded sleeve 206 drives the screw 205 to move linearly, so that the movable plate 201 can move linearly between the PVC plates on both sides, so as to adjust the space size of the frame 1 according to the experimental requirements. After the space adjustment is completed, the soil for the experiment is placed in the frame 1, and the electric push rod 303 is started at the same time to drive the square tube 305 and the pressure seat 308 to move downward through the bracket 304. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure value of the movable rod 307 on itself is greater than the set first pressure threshold, it is judged that The pressure seat 308 comes into contact with the soil, and the electric push rod 303 is in a cyclic telescopic state. The square tube 305 drives the pressure seat 308 to move up and down through the connection of the bracket 304 and the buffer spring 312. At the same time, under the action of the buffer spring 312, the pressure seat 308 elastically moves up and down to achieve the impact and crushing of the soil. The buffer spring 312 prevents the pressure seat 308 from over-compacting the soil, ensuring the loose state of the soil, and uses the longitudinal sliding part 301 and the transverse sliding part 302 to drive the electric push rod 303 to move longitudinally and transversely, so that the movement of the pressure seat 308 covers various positions in the frame 1. The longitudinal sliding part 301 and the transverse sliding part 302 are preferably electric slide rails.

[0036] After the soil is injected into the frame 1, the top of the soil is leveled again using the above method. After leveling, the sealing plug 503 is pulled out, and a drilling device is used to drill a horizontal hole in the soil through the plug hole 501, and the freezing pipe 502 is horizontally inserted into the soil in the frame 1. Secondly, a vertical hole is drilled at the top of the soil, and the temperature detection device and the humidity detection device are buried in the soil.

[0037] When it is necessary to add water to the soil, an external water supply system is used to enter the collecting pipe 408 through the water supply pipe 411, sprayed to the top of the soil through the sprinkler head 409, and penetrated into the bottom of the soil along the vertical direction of the soil. In order to make the water replenished evenly, the rotating motor 410 drives the collecting pipe 408 to rotate back and forth, so that the water is evenly sprinkled on the top of the soil, so that the water is evenly distributed in the soil. As the size of the internal space of the frame 1 changes, the rotation angle of the collecting pipe 408 changes accordingly, so that the water completely falls into the effective space in the frame 1, and the hydraulic rod 404 is used to drive the mounting plate 403 to rise and fall as needed to adjust the height of the sprinkler head 409. In order to prevent water accumulation at the bottom of the soil, a drainage pipe is set on the bottom steel plate of the frame 1 to drain the water collected at the bottom of the frame 1.

[0038] In order to prevent water from splashing everywhere during the spraying process, during the spraying process, the contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 406 is used to drive the telescopic frame 402 to move downward through the bottom plate 401, so that the bottom plate 401 is fitted with the sealing frame 405, completing the sealing of the top of the frame 1. After the water is replenished, the telescopic frame 402 moves upward to reset. After the water is replenished and the preparations are ready, the refrigerator 504 is started to freeze the soil.

[0039] However, after the water is replenished, the water on the top of the soil will gradually settle to the bottom of the soil under the action of gravity, resulting in a large difference in water content between the top and bottom of the soil, affecting the accuracy of the experimental results. Therefore, when the humidity detection device buried in the soil detects that the humidity difference between the top and bottom of the soil is greater than the set threshold, the bottom plate 401 is fitted with the sealing frame 405, and then the solenoid valve 413 is opened, and the hydraulic rod 404 is contracted to drive the mounting plate 403 to move downward, so that the telescopic frame 402 is completely contracted, and then the solenoid valve 413 is closed, the drain pipe at the bottom of the frame 1 is opened, and then the hydraulic rod 404 drives the mounting plate 403 to extend, so that the top of the telescopic frame 402 is extended, so that the top of the frame 1 and the telescopic frame 402 are in a negative pressure state, and the water accumulated at the bottom of the soil can be migrated to the top of the soil through the drain pipe, thereby reducing the difference in water content between the top and bottom of the soil.

[0040] In addition, after the soil is injected into the frame 1, the soil is relatively loose and has a low density, which is quite different from the density of the soil in the actual construction environment, which will lead to large errors in the experimental results. Therefore, the following improvements are made: After the soil in the frame 1 is filled, the adjusting motor 209 is rotated forward and reversely, and the threaded sleeves 206 on both sides are rotated forward and reverse synchronously through the main gear 210, the toothed belt 208 and the sub-gear 207, so as to realize the reciprocating linear motion of the screw 205, and then drive the movable plate 201 to reciprocate linear motion, and reciprocately squeeze the soil in the horizontal direction to increase the soil density in the horizontal direction. As the reciprocating extrusion proceeds, the length of the soil decreases. At this time, the amplitude of the forward and reverse rotation of the adjusting motor 209 is gradually increased to maintain the continuous squeezing of the soil, and the soil is continuously added into the empty space until the experimental requirements are met. Secondly, the pressing seat 308 is made to move with the pressing seat 308. The top of the soil body resists, and then the electric push rod 303 is reciprocated and extended, so that the pressure seat 308 reciprocates up and down, and the extension and contraction range of the electric push rod 303 is greater than the extension and contraction range when the soil body is broken, so as to increase the pressure on the soil body, and use the longitudinal sliding part 301 and the transverse sliding part 302 to make the pressure seat 308 squeeze and compact the top of the soil body, increase the density of the soil body in the vertical direction, and continue to add soil when the height of the soil body is reduced, and then through the reciprocating motion of the movable plate 201, the uniform increase of the soil density is achieved. Therefore, the density of the experimental soil body is adjusted by the linkage cooperation of the structure between the adjustment unit 2 and the crushing unit 3.

[0041] In addition, after the experiment, when the soil in the frame 1 needs to be cleaned, since the soil is frozen and hard, it is difficult to clean, so the following improvements are made: Each side surface of the pressure seat 308 is slidably connected with a movable seat 309, and a crushing plate 310 is provided on the bottom surface of the movable seat 309. The crushing plate 310 is made of high-hardness metal, and a blade is provided on the bottom of the crushing plate 310. In the initial state, the bottom of the crushing plate 310 is higher than the bottom surface of the pressure seat 308, and an electric telescopic rod 311 corresponding to the movable seat 309 is provided on the top of the movable seat 309. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 311 is fixedly connected to the movable seat 309 through a connecting seat. The contraction of the electric telescopic rod 311 enables the connecting seat to drive the movable seat 309 to move downward, so that the crushing plate 310 at the bottom extends out of the bottom surface of the pressure seat 308.

[0042] When cleaning the frozen soil, first take out the temperature monitoring device, humidity detection device, freezing tube 502 and other experimental devices in the frame 1, then start the electric telescopic rod 311 to drive the movable seat 309 to move downward, so that the bottom surface of the crushing plate 310 at the bottom extends downward to the bottom of the pressure seat 308, and then use the electric push rod 303 to make the bottom of the crushing plate 310 contact the top of the frozen soil, and through the extension and contraction of the electric push rod 303, the pressure seat 308 drives the crushing plate 310 to move up and down, and the crushing plate 310 is used to crush the frozen soil. At the same time, in order to facilitate the loosening of the frozen soil, start the adjustment motor 209, so that the movable plate 201 in close contact with the end face of the frozen soil is close to one side of the mounting seat 203, and the movable plate 201 is separated from the frozen soil, making the frozen soil easier to crush and split, which is convenient for cleaning. Therefore, the crushing of the frozen soil is achieved through the coordinated linkage between the structures in the crushing unit 3 and the adjustment unit 2.

[0043] In addition, after the frozen soil is cleaned, there will be mud attached to the inside of the frame 1. In order to thoroughly clean the mud, the external water supply system introduces high-pressure water into the manifold 408, and the water is sprayed out at high pressure through the sprinkler head 409 to wash the inside of the frame 1. The sprinkler head 409 is used to reciprocate and swing to completely cover the inside of the frame 1. At the same time, the linear motion between the longitudinal sliding part 301 and the transverse sliding part 302 is used to make the side of the movable seat 309 on the side of the pressure seat 308 contact with the side frame plate 101, and the movable seat 309 is used to extend and retract the electric telescopic rod 311 to make the movable seat 309 The dirt attached to the side of the frame plate 101 is scraped off by moving up and down, and then the bottom of the crushing plate 310 is fitted with the bottom frame plate 101, and the crushing plate 310 is moved horizontally and vertically by utilizing the cooperation of the longitudinal sliding part 301 and the transverse sliding part 302 to scrape off the dirt attached to the bottom frame plate 101, thereby cleaning the inner walls of each frame plate 101, and the scraped dirt is discharged through the bottom drain pipe under the flushing action of the water replenishment unit 4. Therefore, the inner wall of the frame 1 is cleaned by the mutual cooperation between the structures in the water replenishment unit 4 and the crushing unit 3.

[0044] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A model tank experimental device, comprising a frame (1) and a frame plate (101), characterized in that: The frame plate (101) is arranged on the inner side of the frame (1); The transparent end of the frame (1) is provided with an adjustment unit (2), the adjustment unit (2) is used to adjust the size of the internal space of the frame (1), the top of the frame (1) is provided with a crushing unit (3), the crushing unit (3) is used to crush soil blocks inside the frame (1), and the frame (1) is provided with a water replenishment unit (4), the water replenishment unit (4) is used to provide moisture to the soil inside the frame (1); The adjustment unit (2) comprises a movable plate (201), a mounting seat (203) is provided at a transparent end of the frame (1), threaded sleeves (206) are symmetrically passed through and rotatably connected to both sides of the mounting seat (203), a screw rod (205) is internally threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve (206), and a driving mechanism for driving the screw rod (205) to move linearly is provided on the mounting seat (203); The crushing unit (3) comprises two symmetrically arranged longitudinal sliding parts (301), a transverse sliding part (302) is provided between the sliding parts of the longitudinal sliding parts (301) on both sides, an electric push rod (303) is provided on the sliding part of the transverse sliding part (302), a bracket (304) is provided at the top telescopic end of the electric push rod (303), a square tube (305) is passed through the bottom horizontal surface of the bracket (304), a movable rod (307) is slidably fitted inside the square tube (305), a pressure seat (308) is provided at the bottom of the square tube (305), each side of the pressure seat (308) is slidably connected to a movable seat (309), and a crushing plate (310) is provided on the bottom surface of the movable seat (309).

2. The model tank experimental equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the top and one end of the frame (1) are transparent, the frame (1) is welded from angle steels, the frame plate (101) comprises PVC plates arranged on both sides of the frame (1) in the length direction, and steel plates respectively arranged on the bottom and the inner end surface of the frame (1), the PVC plates being made of a transparent material.

3. The model tank experimental equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable plate (201) is slidably matched with the frame plate (101) in the length direction of the frame (1); a fixing frame (202) is provided on the outer side surface of the movable plate (201); a guide rod (204) penetrates the side surface of the mounting seat (203); an end of the guide rod (204) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (202); and an end of the screw rod (205) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (202).

4. The model tank experimental equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises an adjusting motor (209) and symmetrically arranged sub-gears (207), wherein the two sub-gears (207) are respectively fixedly sleeved on the threaded sleeves (206) on both sides, the adjusting motor (209) is arranged on the top of the mounting seat (203), and a main gear (210) is arranged on the adjusting motor (209), and the main gear (210) and the sub-gears (207) on both sides are connected in transmission by meshing with toothed belts (208).

5. The model tank experimental equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two longitudinal sliding parts (301) are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the frame (1); the bracket (304) is a Z-shaped structure; a pressure sensor is arranged on the side of the bracket (304) via a limit plate (306); the top of the movable rod (307) is fixedly connected to the detection end of the pressure sensor; a buffer spring (312) is sleeved on the outside of the movable rod (307); and the two ends of the buffer spring (312) are respectively fixedly connected to the movable rod (307) and the top of the square tube (305); An electric telescopic rod (311) corresponding to the movable seat (309) is provided on the top of the movable seat (309); the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (311) is fixedly connected to the movable seat (309) via a connecting seat.

6. The model tank experimental equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water replenishment unit (4) comprises a bottom plate (401), a telescopic frame (402) is provided on the top of the bottom plate (401), a mounting plate (403) is provided on the top of the telescopic frame (402), both sides of the bottom surface of the mounting plate (403) are rotatably connected to a collecting pipe (408) via a support (407), and a spray head (409) is provided at the bottom of the collecting pipe (408).

7. The model tank experimental equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom plate (401) is arranged above the frame (1); a hydraulic rod (404) is provided at the edge of the bottom plate (401); the top of the hydraulic rod (404) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (403); and a sealing frame (405) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the top of the frame (1) and at a position corresponding to the bottom plate (401); A hydraulic cylinder (406) is provided on the side of the frame (1), and the top telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder (406) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (401).

8. The model tank experimental equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rotating motor (410) is provided on the side of the support (407); the output shaft of the rotating motor (410) is fixedly connected to the end of the collecting pipe (408); a water supply pipe (411) is fixedly connected to the collecting pipe (408); and the water supply pipe (411) is connected to an external water supply system; The top of the mounting plate (403) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (412), and a solenoid valve (413) is provided on the connecting pipe (412).

9. A freezing system, used for the model tank experimental equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising a freezing unit (5), characterized in that: The freezing unit (5) comprises a plug hole (501) and a freezer (504); the plug hole (501) is opened at the end of the frame (1); the plug hole (501) passes through the frame plate (101); a freezing pipe (502) is inserted into the plug hole (501); The refrigerator (504) is arranged on the top of the mounting plate (403), and the input end and the output end of the refrigerator (504) are fixedly connected to the input end and the output end of the freezing pipe (502) through the insulation pipe respectively; The refrigeration system further comprises an automatic temperature acquisition system and a flow control system, wherein the flow control system and the automatic temperature acquisition system are respectively arranged at positions of the inlet and outlet frame plates (101) on the refrigeration pipe (502).

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