Method and system for testing load performance of pier columns retained for highway bridge reconstruction and expansion

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and system for testing the load performance of a pier column retained in the reconstruction and expansion of a highway bridge, and relates to the field of testing technology. The method comprises: selecting a ground foundation test area, selecting a plurality of first test points and inserting a test rod, striking the test rod, recording the descending depth of the test rod, and obtaining a ground foundation performance score; surrounding the retained pier column by an annular measurement component, turning on a vertical laser, keeping the vertical laser irradiation position unchanged, lifting the annular measurement component, and measuring a first distance, thereby determining a compressive performance score; and determining a load performance score according to the ground foundation performance score and the compressive performance score. According to the present invention, it is possible to determine whether the bearing capacity of the pier column decreases during the long-term bearing of the bridge load, and whether the pier column can continue to bear the load after reconstruction and expansion, and in the detection process, the annular measurement component is used to measure the state of the pier column itself, thereby improving the accuracy and convenience of the detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of testing technology, and in particular to a method and system for testing the load performance of piers retained for reconstruction and expansion of a highway bridge. Background Art

[0002] CN111595497B discloses a fixed pier impact monitoring and early warning device and its deployment method, which relates to the field of bridge pier structure health monitoring, and solves the problem in the prior art that the stress on the pier structure cannot be well monitored, and there is a lack of data to effectively warn the impact on the pier, which leads to a shortened pier life. The monitoring and early warning device of this scheme includes N monitoring board assemblies and N acoustic detection tube assemblies, N is a positive integer, and the N monitoring board assemblies are arranged head to tail to form a frame. An acoustic detection tube assembly is provided at the connection between two adjacent monitoring board assemblies, and each acoustic detection tube assembly is connected to a monitoring board assembly through two hinges, and each monitoring board assembly is fixedly connected to the side wall of the pier. This scheme is mainly used for long-term monitoring of the stress on the pier structure.

[0003] CN108760094A discloses a method for monitoring the pressure of a bridge pier / platform. A container of a fluid substance or a soft substance is designed in the support of the bridge pier / platform. When the support is subjected to force, the force transmission characteristics of the fluid substance or the soft substance are used to measure at a position and orientation that is convenient for operating and replacing the sensor, thereby facilitating the measurement operation and making the sensor maintainable and replaceable, thus realizing long-term real-time monitoring during the life cycle of the bridge pier / platform and detecting the static weight and dynamic force changes of the bridge body. The solution also discloses a corresponding bridge pier / platform pressure monitoring device.

[0004] Therefore, although the relevant technology can monitor the stress on the bridge piers, it cannot detect the load-bearing performance of the bridge piers in the process of bearing the load of the bridge for a long time, nor can it determine whether the bridge piers can continue to bear the load and be retained during the renovation and expansion process.

[0005] The information disclosed in the background technology section of this application is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background technology of this application, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a method and system for testing the load performance of piers retained in highway bridge reconstruction and expansion, which can solve the technical problems that related technologies cannot detect the load resistance performance of bridge piers in the process of bearing the load of the bridge for a long time, and cannot determine whether the bridge piers can continue to bear the load and be retained in the reconstruction and expansion process.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for testing the load performance of pier columns retained for reconstruction and expansion of a highway bridge is provided, comprising:

[0008] According to the bottom centroid of the cap of the retained pier column, a ground foundation test area is selected, wherein the ground foundation test area is a circular area selected on the ground with the bottom centroid of the cap of the retained pier column as the center, and the radius of the circular area is a preset radius;

[0009] Selecting a plurality of first test points in the ground foundation test area, inserting a test rod vertically downward at the first test point, and striking the test rod downward with a preset force, and recording the descending depth of each test rod after striking for a first preset number of times;

[0010] Determine a ground foundation performance score according to first position information of the first test point in the ground foundation test area and the descending depth of each test rod;

[0011] The reserved pier is surrounded by an annular measurement assembly, wherein the annular measurement assembly includes an annular support, a laser rangefinder evenly arranged on the annular support, and a plurality of vertical lasers suspended on the annular support, the laser rangefinder emits a laser toward the center of the annular support and measures a first distance between the surface of an object surrounded by the annular support and the laser rangefinder, and the vertical laser is connected to the annular support by a soft wire so that the vertical laser emits a laser vertically downward;

[0012] Turning on a plurality of vertical lasers, and recording second position information on the ground irradiated by lasers emitted by the vertical lasers, and in a case where the lasers emitted by the vertical lasers always irradiate the second position information, lifting the annular measurement assembly upward at a uniform speed by a lifting device, and recording first distances measured by a plurality of laser rangefinders at a plurality of moments during the lifting process;

[0013] Determine the compressive performance score of the retained pier column according to the first distance and the ground foundation performance score;

[0014] Determine the load performance score of the retained pier column according to the ground foundation performance score and the compressive performance score;

[0015] Based on the load performance score, a load performance report of the retained pier is obtained.

[0016] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a system for testing the load performance of pier columns retained for reconstruction and expansion of highway bridges is provided, comprising:

[0017] A ground foundation test area module is used to select a ground foundation test area according to the bottom surface centroid of the pedestal of the retained pier column, wherein the ground foundation test area is a circular area selected on the ground with the bottom surface centroid of the pedestal of the retained pier column as the center, and the radius of the circular area is a preset radius;

[0018] A descent depth module is used to select a plurality of first test points in the ground foundation test area, insert a test rod vertically downward at the first test point, and knock the test rod downward with a preset force, and after knocking a first preset number of times, record the descent depth of each test rod;

[0019] A ground foundation performance scoring module, used to determine a ground foundation performance score according to first position information of the first test point in the ground foundation test area and a descending depth of each test rod;

[0020] An annular measurement component module, used to surround the reserved pier column through an annular measurement component, wherein the annular measurement component includes an annular support, a laser rangefinder evenly arranged on the annular support, and a plurality of vertical lasers suspended on the annular support, the laser rangefinder emits laser toward the center of the annular support and measures a first distance between the surface of an object surrounded by the annular support and the laser rangefinder, and the vertical laser is connected to the annular support through a soft wire, so that the vertical laser emits laser vertically downward;

[0021] A first distance module is used to start a plurality of vertical lasers, and record second position information of the lasers emitted by the vertical lasers irradiating the ground, and in the case where the lasers emitted by the vertical lasers always irradiate the second position information, lift the annular measurement assembly upward at a uniform speed by a lifting device, and record the first distances measured by the plurality of laser rangefinders at a plurality of moments during the lifting process;

[0022] A compressive performance scoring module, used to determine the compressive performance score of the retained pier column according to the first distance and the ground foundation performance score;

[0023] A load performance scoring module, used to determine the load performance score of the retained pier column according to the ground foundation performance score and the compressive performance score;

[0024] A reporting module is used to obtain a load performance report of the retained pier column according to the load performance score.

[0025] Technical effect: According to the present invention, during the reconstruction and expansion of highway bridges, by detecting the ground hardness around the piers and the state of the piers themselves, it can be determined whether the bearing capacity of the piers has decreased during the long-term bearing of bridge loads, and whether the piers can continue to bear the loads after reconstruction and expansion. During the detection process, the annular measurement component can be used to measure the state of the piers themselves, without the need to determine the deformation and tilt of the piers through complex modeling or video measurement, thereby improving the accuracy and convenience of detection. When determining the ground foundation performance score, the overall ground hardness of the ground foundation test area can be described by the weighted average of the relative deviation between the descent depth and the preset depth, and the consistency of the ground hardness can be described by the ratio between the preset ground hardness reduction rate and the measured ground hardness change rate. The compaction degree of the ground foundation can be described from the two aspects of the overall ground hardness and the consistency of the ground hardness, thereby accurately and objectively describing the stability of the retained piers. When determining the anti-dumping performance score, the maximum tilting condition of the retained pier can be determined by the change of the first distance measured by the same laser rangefinder during the lifting process of the annular measurement assembly, and the influence of the soil compaction degree can be eliminated to determine the maximum tilting degree of the retained pier caused by the load borne by the retained pier not being vertically downward, thereby improving the pertinence of the anti-dumping performance score, and the ability of the retained pier to maintain an upright state and the ability to bear load can be accurately and objectively described through the anti-dumping performance score. When determining the third position information, the surface position information of the retained pier irradiated by the laser rangefinder in the coordinate system of the plane where the annular measurement assembly is located can be determined by establishing a coordinate system, and then the surface position information corresponding to multiple laser rangefinders can be averaged to obtain the third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the retained pier. The centroid position of the cross section of the retained pier can be indirectly obtained based on multiple first distances through the annular measurement assembly, so that the centroid position of the cross section inside the retained pier can be obtained without destroying the retained pier, providing an accurate data basis for accurately determining the change of the centroid position and determining the deformation of the retained pier. When determining the anti-deformation performance score, the vectors between the cross-sectional centroids at different heights can be used to describe the bending conditions at each height, and the vectors between the surface positions can be used to describe the deformation of the cross-sections at different heights. The impact of the deformation can also be described by the number of moments, thereby obtaining the overall bending degree and overall cross-sectional deformation of the retained pier column, and then comprehensively, objectively and accurately describing the anti-deformation ability of the retained pier column from the two aspects of bending degree and cross-sectional deformation.

[0026] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and do not limit the present invention. Other features and aspects of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for testing load performance of retained piers for reconstruction and expansion of a highway bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention is exemplarily shown;

[0029] Figure 2 A block diagram of a system for testing load performance of retained piers for reconstruction and expansion of a highway bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention is exemplarily shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail with specific embodiments below. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments.

[0032] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for testing load performance of retained piers for reconstruction and expansion of a highway bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention is exemplarily shown, and the method comprises:

[0033] Step S101, selecting a ground foundation test area according to the bottom surface centroid of the pedestal of the retained pier column, wherein the ground foundation test area is a circular area selected on the ground with the bottom surface centroid of the pedestal of the retained pier column as the center, and the radius of the circular area is a preset radius;

[0034] Step S102, selecting a plurality of first test points in the ground foundation test area, inserting a test rod vertically downward at the first test point, and striking the test rod downward with a preset force, and recording the descending depth of each test rod after striking for a first preset number of times;

[0035] Step S103, determining a ground foundation performance score according to the first position information of the first test point in the ground foundation test area and the descending depth of each test rod;

[0036] Step S104, surrounding the reserved pier column by an annular measurement assembly, wherein the annular measurement assembly includes an annular support, laser rangefinders evenly arranged on the annular support, and a plurality of vertical lasers suspended on the annular support, the laser rangefinder emits lasers toward the center of the annular support and measures a first distance between the surface of an object surrounded by the annular support and the laser rangefinder, and the vertical laser is connected to the annular support by a soft wire, so that the vertical laser emits lasers vertically downward;

[0037] Step S105, turning on multiple vertical lasers, and recording second position information of the laser emitted by the vertical laser irradiating the ground, and in the case where the laser emitted by the vertical laser always irradiates the second position information, lifting the annular measurement component upward at a uniform speed by a lifting device, and recording the first distances measured by multiple laser rangefinders at multiple moments during the lifting process;

[0038] Step S106, determining the compression performance score of the retained pier column according to the first distance and the ground foundation performance score;

[0039] Step S107, determining the load performance score of the retained pier column according to the ground foundation performance score and the compressive performance score;

[0040] Step S108, obtaining a load performance report of the retained pier column according to the load performance score.

[0041] According to the load performance testing method for retained piers in highway bridge reconstruction and expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention, during the process of highway bridge reconstruction and expansion, by detecting the ground hardness around the piers and the conditions of the piers themselves, it can be determined whether the bearing capacity of the piers has decreased during the long-term bearing of bridge loads, and whether the piers can continue to bear the loads after the reconstruction and expansion. During the detection process, the annular measuring component can be used to measure the condition of the piers themselves, without the need to determine the deformation and inclination of the piers through complex modeling or video measurement, thereby improving the accuracy and convenience of detection.

[0042] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when a highway bridge is rebuilt or expanded, after the bridge deck structure is removed, a portion of the piers that are intended to be retained can be tested to determine whether they are damaged or their bearing capacity has decreased during the long-term bearing of the bridge load, and whether they can continue to bear the load, that is, whether they can continue to be retained. During the test, the surrounding land can be inspected to determine whether the surrounding land is loose and needs to be compacted.

[0043] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S101, a circular area can be set around the pedestal of the retained pier column as a ground foundation test area. The center of the circular area is the centroid of the bottom surface of the pedestal of the retained pier column, and the radius is a preset radius. Whether the land in the ground foundation test area is compacted can be measured.

[0044] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S102, multiple first test points are selected in the ground foundation test area, and the first test points can be randomly distributed in the ground foundation test area, and the distances between each first test point and the above-mentioned center of the circle are different. A test rod can be inserted vertically downward at the first test point, and the test rod can be a steel bar with the same length. The test rod can be knocked downward with a preset force, for example, the test rod can be knocked downward with the same force using a rammer or other equipment, and the number of knocks is the same, which is the first preset number. After the knocking is completed, the descent depth of each test rod is recorded, for example, the total length of each test rod is subtracted from the length of the part of the test rod above the ground to obtain the descent depth of the test rod.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S103, the ground foundation performance score can be used to evaluate whether the soil around the retained pier is compacted and whether it can bear the load of the pier. According to the first position information of the first test point in the ground foundation test area and the descending depth of each test rod, the ground foundation performance score is determined, including: according to the first position information of the first test point in the ground foundation test area, determining the second distance between each first test point and the center of the circular area; according to the second distance and the descending depth of each test rod, determining the ground foundation performance score.

[0046] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first position information of the first test point in the ground-based test area can be determined. For example, a coordinate system is established with the center of the circular area as the origin, and the coordinates of the first test point in the coordinate system are determined, which is the first position information. Then, the distance between the first position information and the origin can be determined, which is the second distance.

[0047] According to one embodiment of the present invention, determining the ground foundation performance score according to the second distance and the descent depth of each test rod includes: determining the undetermined coefficient equation of the first relationship function between the descent depth and the second distance according to formula (1),

[0048] (1),

[0049] in, is the descending depth of the i-th test rod, is the second distance between the first test point corresponding to the i-th test rod and the center of the circular area, and is the undetermined coefficient; according to the second distance and the descending depth corresponding to the multiple test rods, the undetermined coefficient is solved to obtain the solution value of the undetermined coefficient and the first relationship function; the ground foundation performance score is determined according to formula (2): ,

[0050] (2),

[0051] in, for The solution value of is the preset ground hardness reduction rate, n is the number of test rods, For preset depth, is the preset radius, i≤n, and i and n are positive integers.

[0052] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the more compact the soil is, the smaller the depth of the test rod is when the test rod is struck downward with the same force. Moreover, when compacting the soil, the closer the position is to the bottom centroid of the pedestal of the reserved pier, the greater the compaction force is and the more compact the soil is. However, as time goes by, vehicles on the road next to the pier or vehicles on the bridge passing by will produce a certain vibration, making the soil around the pier loose. Moreover, the looseness of the soil around the pier may be different. Formula (1) can describe the relationship between the depth of the test rod and the second distance, and can also describe the relationship between the looseness of the soil and the second distance. Theoretically, the larger the second distance is, the looser the soil is, and the higher the depth of the test rod is. Based on the depth of the test rod and the second distance, the coefficient to be determined can be solved to obtain the solution value of the coefficient to be determined, which can then be substituted into the equation of the coefficient to obtain the first relationship function to describe the relationship between the looseness of the soil and the second distance. Among them, The solution value of , which is the relationship coefficient between the descent depth and the second distance calculated based on the measured data of the second distance and the descent depth, that is, the rate of change of the descent depth, which can also represent the rate of change of the measured looseness of the land or the measured rate of change of the ground hardness.

[0053] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in formula (2), It represents the relative deviation between the descent depth of the i-th test rod and the preset depth. The smaller the relative deviation is, the greater the relative deviation is, indicating that the ground hardness is higher and the looseness of the land is lower. The larger the value, the smaller the relative deviation value. Greater than When , the relative deviation is a negative value, indicating that the ground hardness is low and the looseness is high. is the relative difference between the preset radius of the circular area and the second distance. The second distance is smaller than the preset radius. Therefore, the larger the second distance is, the farther the distance between the i-th first test point and the center of the circle is. The closer the first test point is to the periphery of the ground foundation test area, the lower its importance is. On the contrary, the closer the i-th first test point is to the reserved pier, the higher its importance is. Therefore, the relative difference can be used as the weight of the relative deviation between the above-mentioned descent depth and the preset depth. That is, it is the weighted average of the relative deviation between the descent depth and the preset depth, which can be used to indicate the overall ground hardness of the ground foundation test area. The higher the weighted average, the higher the overall ground hardness. It is the ratio between the preset ground hardness decrease rate and the measured ground hardness change rate. The larger the ratio, the smaller the measured ground hardness change rate, the higher the consistency of ground hardness, and the fewer loose locations. The ground foundation performance score can be obtained by multiplying the above two, which can describe the compaction degree of the ground foundation from the two aspects of overall ground hardness and the change rate of ground hardness.

[0054] In this way, the overall ground hardness of the ground foundation test area can be described by the weighted average of the relative deviations between the descent depth and the preset depth, and the consistency of the ground hardness can be described by the ratio between the preset ground hardness descent rate and the measured rate of change of the ground hardness. The compaction degree of the ground foundation can then be described from two aspects: the overall ground hardness and the consistency of the ground hardness, thereby accurately and objectively describing the stability of the retained piers.

[0055] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S104, the retained pier column can be surrounded by an annular measurement assembly. The annular measurement assembly includes an annular bracket, a laser rangefinder evenly arranged on the annular bracket, and a plurality of vertical lasers suspended on the annular bracket. The annular bracket is a detachable structure, and can be spliced ​​into an annular bracket by two or more sections of arc-shaped brackets. Therefore, the splicing of the annular bracket can be completed around the retained pier column, and the laser rangefinder and the vertical laser can be installed on the annular bracket, so that the annular measurement assembly surrounds the retained pier column. The vertical laser is connected to the annular bracket by a soft wire, so that the vertical laser always remains in a suspended state, and the emitted laser is always vertically downward. The laser rangefinder emits a laser toward the center of the annular bracket, and measures the first distance between the surface of the object surrounded by the annular bracket and the laser rangefinder.

[0056] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S105, the plane where the annular bracket is located can be adjusted to be perpendicular to the vertical direction, and multiple vertical lasers are turned on to record the second position information of the laser emitted by the vertical laser on the ground. In the process of lifting the annular measurement component using the lifting equipment, each vertical laser is kept to always illuminate the second position information, that is, the position of the light spot irradiated on the ground by each vertical laser is kept unchanged, so that the plane where the annular bracket of the annular measurement component is located can always be perpendicular to the vertical direction, without tilting, and without horizontal rotation, that is, each laser rangefinder can keep the horizontal position unchanged, and only change the position in the vertical direction. At multiple moments in the lifting process, the first distance between it and the surface of the retained pier column can be measured by the laser rangefinder. If the first distance measured by the laser rangefinder changes, the retained pier column may be tilted or deformed to a certain extent, making it difficult for it to bear a large load. Therefore, whether the retained pier column is tilted and deformed can be determined according to the changes in the first distance collected by each laser rangefinder at each moment.

[0057] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S106, the compressive performance score of the retained pier column can be used to evaluate whether the retained pier column can continue to bear a large load. Whether the retained pier column can continue to bear a large load can be comprehensively determined from two aspects: whether the retained pier column is tilted and whether deformation occurs.

[0058] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the compressive performance score of the retained pier is determined by the first distance and the ground foundation performance score, including: obtaining the first distance measured by the same laser rangefinder at multiple times; determining the anti-dumping performance score of the retained pier according to the first distance measured by the same laser rangefinder at multiple times and the ground foundation performance score; determining the third position information of the centroid of the cross-section of the retained pier at the height corresponding to each time in the plane where the annular measuring component is located according to the first distances measured by multiple laser rangefinders at the same time; determining the anti-deformation performance score of the retained pier according to the first distances measured by multiple laser rangefinders at the same time and the third position information; determining the compressive performance score of the retained pier according to the anti-dumping performance score and the anti-deformation performance score of the retained pier.

[0059] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first distance measured by the same laser rangefinder at multiple times can be obtained, that is, the first distance measured by the same rangefinder during the continuous rise, so as to judge whether the retained pier column has collapsed based on the change of the first distance. The anti-collapse performance score of the retained pier column is determined based on the first distance measured by the same laser rangefinder at multiple times and the ground foundation performance score, including: determining the anti-collapse performance score of the retained pier column according to formula (3): ,

[0060] (3),

[0061] in, is the first distance measured by the jth laser rangefinder at the mth moment, is the first distance measured by the jth laser rangefinder at the first moment, m is the number of moments in the lifting process, The preset speed for the upward lifting of the ring measuring assembly, is the time interval between adjacent moments, is the ground infrastructure performance score, N is the number of laser rangefinders, max is the maximum value function, j≤N, and j and N are positive integers.

[0062] According to one embodiment of the present invention, is the distance change between the first distance measured by the jth laser rangefinder at the last moment and the first distance measured at the first moment, is the lifting height of the annular measuring assembly during the period from the first moment to the last moment. Therefore, the ratio of the two is the tangent value of the inclination angle of the retained pier. That is, the maximum value of the tangent value of the tilt angle corresponding to each laser rangefinder, which can be used to indicate the maximum tilt condition of the retained pier. There are many factors that cause tilt. For example, due to the loose soil, the retained pier cannot bear excessive load, which causes the retained pier to tilt, or the load borne by the retained pier is not vertically downward, but has a certain angle, which causes the retained pier to tilt. The compaction degree of the soil has been expressed by the ground foundation performance score. Here, we only consider the factor of the pier tilt caused by the fact that the load borne by the retained pier is not vertically downward. Therefore, when determining the tilt factor of the retained pier, the influence of the compaction degree of the soil can be excluded. Therefore, we can use To eliminate the influence of soil compaction degree on the inclination of retained piers, that is, to indicate the maximum inclination of retained piers caused by the fact that the load borne by the retained piers is not vertically downward. It can represent the anti-topple performance score of the retained pier, that is, the ability of the retained pier to resist tilting caused by bending. The higher the anti-topple performance score, the stronger the ability of the retained pier to maintain an upright state in the process of bearing loads in the past, even if there are loads that are not vertically downward, and the stronger the ability to bear loads, and the stronger the ability to continue to bear loads after reconstruction and expansion.

[0063] In this way, the maximum inclination of the retained pier can be determined by the change in the first distance measured by the same laser rangefinder during the lifting process of the annular measuring assembly, and the influence of the degree of soil compaction can be eliminated to determine the maximum inclination of the retained pier caused by the fact that the load borne by the retained pier is not vertically downward, thereby improving the pertinence of the anti-topple performance score. In addition, the anti-topple performance score can accurately and objectively describe the ability of the retained pier to maintain an upright state and its ability to bear loads.

[0064] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first distance measured by the multiple laser rangefinders at the same time is the distance between the multiple laser rangefinders and the surface of the retained pier column at the same height. Combined with the distance, the approximate outline of the cross section of the retained pier column at the height can be determined, and it can be determined whether the shape of the cross section is deformed.

[0065] According to one embodiment of the present invention, based on the first distances measured by multiple laser rangefinders at the same time, determining the third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the retained pier column at the height corresponding to each time in the plane where the annular measurement component is located, includes: establishing a coordinate system of the plane where the annular measurement component is located, wherein the origin of the coordinate system is the center of the annular support; determining the surface position information of the surface position of the retained pier column irradiated by the j-th laser rangefinder at the s-th time in the coordinate system of the plane where the annular measurement component is located according to formula (4): ,

[0066] (4),

[0067] in, is the radius of the annular support, is the first distance measured by the jth laser rangefinder at the sth moment; according to formula (5), the third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the retained pier at the corresponding height at the sth moment in the plane where the annular measurement component is located is determined ,

[0068] (5),

[0069] Wherein, N is the number of laser rangefinders, j≤N, and j and N are positive integers.

[0070] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the origin of the coordinate system of the plane where the annular measurement assembly is located is the center of the annular bracket, and the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder points to the center of the circle, that is, to the origin, and the first laser rangefinder is located on the X-axis of the coordinate system. Therefore, the surface position of the reserved pier irradiated by the laser emitted by the j-th laser rangefinder is on the line connecting the origin and the position of the laser rangefinder, and the angle between the line and the X-axis of the coordinate system is , the distance between the above surface position and the origin is , therefore, the coordinates of the surface position are shown in formula (4).

[0071] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the surface position information of the surface position of the retained pier irradiated by each laser rangefinder at the s-th moment can be solved by formula (4), and by averaging the surface position information corresponding to each laser rangefinder, the third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the retained pier at the height corresponding to the s-th moment in the plane where the annular measurement component is located is obtained, as shown in formula (5).

[0072] In this way, the surface position information of the surface position of the retained pier column irradiated by the laser rangefinder in the coordinate system of the plane where the annular measurement component is located can be determined by establishing a coordinate system, and then the surface position information corresponding to multiple laser rangefinders can be averaged to obtain the third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the retained pier column. The centroid position of the cross section of the retained pier column can be indirectly obtained based on multiple first distances through the annular measurement component, so that the centroid position of the cross section inside the retained pier column can be obtained without destroying the retained pier column, providing an accurate data basis for accurately determining the change of the centroid position and determining the deformation of the retained pier column.

[0073] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the anti-deformation performance score of the retained pier column is determined according to the first distances measured by multiple laser rangefinders at the same time and the third position information, including: determining the anti-deformation performance score of the retained pier column according to formula (6): ,

[0074]

[0075] ,

[0076] in, In order to retain the third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the pier column at the height corresponding to the s+1th moment in the plane where the annular measurement component is located, To retain the third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the pier column at the height corresponding to the s-1th moment in the plane where the annular measurement component is located, The preset speed for the upward lifting of the ring measuring assembly, is the time interval between adjacent moments, m is the number of moments in the lifting process, for The transposed vector of , max is the maximum value function, is the surface position information of the reserved pier column illuminated by the j+1th laser rangefinder at the sth moment in the plane where the annular measurement component is located, is the surface position information of the reserved pier column illuminated by the j+1th laser rangefinder at the s+1th time in the plane where the annular measurement component is located, and is the preset weight, s and m are positive integers.

[0077] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in formula (6), It is the position change vector of the centroid of the retained pier between the s+1th moment and the sth moment, and is also the vector between the centroid position of the cross section at the height corresponding to the s+1th moment and the centroid position of the cross section at the height corresponding to the sth moment. That is, it is the vector between the centroid position of the cross section at the height corresponding to the s-th moment and the centroid position of the cross section at the height corresponding to the s-1-th moment. is the cosine similarity between the above two vectors. If the retained pier does not bend near the height corresponding to the sth moment, the directions of the above two vectors are consistent and the cosine similarity is 1. Otherwise, the retained pier bends near the height corresponding to the sth moment, and the above cosine similarity is less than 1. Therefore, 1 minus the cosine similarity can represent the degree of bending at the height position corresponding to the sth moment. The weight of the above cosine similarity can be expressed as , that is, the smaller s is, the lower the corresponding height is, the larger the weight is, indicating that the bending occurs at a lower position of the retained pier, which will affect all positions above this position. Therefore, a higher weight can be given to the bending degree at the lower position. It is the maximum bending degree after considering the influence caused by bending, and can be used to indicate the overall bending degree of the retained pier.

[0078] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in formula (6), is the vector between the surface position corresponding to the j+1th laser rangefinder at the height position corresponding to the sth moment and the surface position corresponding to the jth laser rangefinder, is the vector between the surface position corresponding to the j+1th laser rangefinder at the height position corresponding to the s+1th moment and the surface position corresponding to the jth laser rangefinder, That is, the cosine similarity between the two. If the cross section at the height position corresponding to the sth moment is not deformed with the cross section at the height position corresponding to the s+1th moment, the cosine similarity is 1. Otherwise, the cosine similarity is less than 1. Therefore, it can be used To express the deformation of the area enclosed by the surface position corresponding to the j+1th laser rangefinder, the surface position corresponding to the jth laser rangefinder and the origin at the cross section at two height positions, the same as above, It is the maximum deformation of each area in each cross section after considering the influence of deformation, which can be used to represent the overall cross-sectional deformation of the retained pier.

[0079] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned overall bending degree and overall cross-sectional deformation can be weighted and summed to obtain the overall deformation of the retained pier, and the anti-deformation performance score can be obtained by subtracting the overall deformation from 1, which can represent the ability to remain unchanged under load, and can also represent the ability to continue to bear load after renovation and expansion.

[0080] In this way, the bending conditions at various heights can be described by the vectors between the centroids of the sections at different heights, and the deformation conditions of the sections at different heights can be described by the vectors between the surface positions. The influence of the deformation can also be described by the moment number, thereby obtaining the overall bending degree and overall cross-sectional deformation of the retained pier column, and then comprehensively, objectively and accurately describing the deformation resistance of the retained pier column from the two aspects of bending degree and cross-sectional deformation.

[0081] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the anti-toppling performance score and the anti-deformation performance score of the retained piers may be determined to determine the compressive performance score of the retained piers, which may be used to describe the load-bearing capacity of the retained piers.

[0082] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S107, the ground foundation performance score and the compressive performance score may be weighted and summed to determine the load performance score of the retained pier column, thereby describing the load-bearing capacity of the retained pier column from two aspects: the foundation around the retained pier column and the retained pier column itself.

[0083] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S108, a load performance report of the retained pier column can be obtained based on the load performance score. For example, based on the load performance score, it can be determined whether the retained pier column needs to be repaired, or whether the foundation around the retained pier column needs to be compacted again, and repair suggestions and compaction suggestions are formed to obtain a load performance report.

[0084] According to the load performance test method for the retained piers of the highway bridge reconstruction and expansion according to the embodiment of the present invention, during the process of highway bridge reconstruction and expansion, by detecting the ground hardness around the piers and the state of the piers themselves, it can be determined whether the bearing capacity of the piers has decreased in the process of bearing the bridge load for a long time, and whether the piers can continue to bear the load after reconstruction and expansion. In the detection process, the annular measurement component can be used to measure the state of the piers themselves, without the need to determine the deformation and tilt of the piers through complex modeling or video measurement, thereby improving the accuracy and convenience of the detection. When determining the ground foundation performance score, the overall ground hardness of the ground foundation test area can be described by the weighted average of the relative deviation between the descent depth and the preset depth, and the consistency of the ground hardness can be described by the ratio between the preset ground hardness reduction rate and the measured ground hardness change rate. Then, the compaction degree of the ground foundation can be described from the two aspects of the overall ground hardness and the consistency of the ground hardness, thereby accurately and objectively describing the stability of the retained piers. When determining the anti-dumping performance score, the maximum tilting condition of the retained pier can be determined by the change of the first distance measured by the same laser rangefinder during the lifting process of the annular measurement assembly, and the influence of the soil compaction degree can be eliminated to determine the maximum tilting degree of the retained pier caused by the load borne by the retained pier not being vertically downward, thereby improving the pertinence of the anti-dumping performance score, and the ability of the retained pier to maintain an upright state and the ability to bear load can be accurately and objectively described through the anti-dumping performance score. When determining the third position information, the surface position information of the retained pier irradiated by the laser rangefinder in the coordinate system of the plane where the annular measurement assembly is located can be determined by establishing a coordinate system, and then the surface position information corresponding to multiple laser rangefinders can be averaged to obtain the third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the retained pier. The centroid position of the cross section of the retained pier can be indirectly obtained based on multiple first distances through the annular measurement assembly, so that the centroid position of the cross section inside the retained pier can be obtained without destroying the retained pier, providing an accurate data basis for accurately determining the change of the centroid position and determining the deformation of the retained pier. When determining the anti-deformation performance score, the vectors between the cross-sectional centroids at different heights can be used to describe the bending conditions at each height, and the vectors between the surface positions can be used to describe the deformation of the cross-sections at different heights. The impact of the deformation can also be described by the number of moments, thereby obtaining the overall bending degree and overall cross-sectional deformation of the retained pier column, and then comprehensively, objectively and accurately describing the anti-deformation ability of the retained pier column from the two aspects of bending degree and cross-sectional deformation.

[0085] Figure 2 A block diagram of a system for testing load performance of pier columns retained for reconstruction and expansion of a highway bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention is exemplarily shown, the system comprising:

[0086] A ground foundation test area module is used to select a ground foundation test area according to the bottom surface centroid of the pedestal of the retained pier column, wherein the ground foundation test area is a circular area selected on the ground with the bottom surface centroid of the pedestal of the retained pier column as the center, and the radius of the circular area is a preset radius;

[0087] A descent depth module is used to select a plurality of first test points in the ground foundation test area, insert a test rod vertically downward at the first test point, and knock the test rod downward with a preset force, and after knocking a first preset number of times, record the descent depth of each test rod;

[0088] A ground foundation performance scoring module, used to determine a ground foundation performance score according to first position information of the first test point in the ground foundation test area and a descending depth of each test rod;

[0089] An annular measurement component module, used to surround the reserved pier column through an annular measurement component, wherein the annular measurement component includes an annular support, a laser rangefinder evenly arranged on the annular support, and a plurality of vertical lasers suspended on the annular support, the laser rangefinder emits laser toward the center of the annular support and measures a first distance between the surface of an object surrounded by the annular support and the laser rangefinder, and the vertical laser is connected to the annular support through a soft wire, so that the vertical laser emits laser vertically downward;

[0090] A first distance module is used to start a plurality of vertical lasers, and record second position information of the lasers emitted by the vertical lasers irradiating the ground, and in the case where the lasers emitted by the vertical lasers always irradiate the second position information, lift the annular measurement assembly upward at a uniform speed by a lifting device, and record the first distances measured by the plurality of laser rangefinders at a plurality of moments during the lifting process;

[0091] A compressive performance scoring module, used to determine the compressive performance score of the retained pier column according to the first distance and the ground foundation performance score;

[0092] A load performance scoring module, used to determine the load performance score of the retained pier column according to the ground foundation performance score and the compressive performance score;

[0093] A reporting module is used to obtain a load performance report of the retained pier column according to the load performance score.

[0094] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are only examples and do not limit the present invention. The purpose of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and explained in the embodiments, and the embodiments of the present invention may be deformed or modified in any way without departing from the principles.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the load performance of pier columns retained for reconstruction and expansion of highway bridges, characterized in that: include: According to the bottom centroid of the cap of the retained pier column, a ground foundation test area is selected, wherein the ground foundation test area is a circular area selected on the ground with the bottom centroid of the cap of the retained pier column as the center, and the radius of the circular area is a preset radius; Selecting a plurality of first test points in the ground foundation test area, inserting a test rod vertically downward at the first test point, and striking the test rod downward with a preset force, and recording the descending depth of each test rod after striking for a first preset number of times; Determine a ground foundation performance score according to first position information of the first test point in the ground foundation test area and the descending depth of each test rod; The reserved pier is surrounded by an annular measurement assembly, wherein the annular measurement assembly includes an annular support, a laser rangefinder evenly arranged on the annular support, and a plurality of vertical lasers suspended on the annular support, the laser rangefinder emits a laser toward the center of the annular support and measures a first distance between the surface of an object surrounded by the annular support and the laser rangefinder, and the vertical laser is connected to the annular support by a soft wire so that the vertical laser emits a laser vertically downward; Turning on a plurality of vertical lasers, and recording second position information on the ground irradiated by lasers emitted by the vertical lasers, and in a case where the lasers emitted by the vertical lasers always irradiate the second position information, lifting the annular measurement assembly upward at a uniform speed by a lifting device, and recording first distances measured by a plurality of laser rangefinders at a plurality of moments during the lifting process; Determine the compressive performance score of the retained pier column according to the first distance and the ground foundation performance score; Determine the load performance score of the retained pier column according to the ground foundation performance score and the compressive performance score; Based on the load performance score, a load performance report of the retained pier is obtained.

2. The method for testing the load performance of the pier columns retained for reconstruction and expansion of highway bridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Determining a ground foundation performance score according to first position information of the first test point in the ground foundation test area and the descending depth of each test rod includes: Determine a second distance between each first test point and the center of the circular area according to first position information of the first test point in the ground-based test area; The ground foundation performance score is determined based on the second distance and the descent depth of each test rod.

3. The method for testing the load performance of the pier columns retained for reconstruction and expansion of highway bridges according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Based on the second distance, and the depth of descent of each test rod, the ground foundation performance score is determined, including: According to the formula ， Determine the undetermined coefficient equation of the first relationship function between the descent depth and the second distance, wherein, is the descending depth of the i-th test rod, is the second distance between the first test point corresponding to the i-th test rod and the center of the circular area, and is the coefficient to be determined; Solving the undetermined coefficients according to the second distances and the descending depths corresponding to the multiple test rods, obtaining the solution values ​​of the undetermined coefficients, and obtaining the first relationship function; According to the formula ， Determining the Ground Foundation Performance Rating ,in, for The solution value of is the preset ground hardness reduction rate, n is the number of test rods, For preset depth, is the preset radius, i≤n, and i and n are positive integers.

4. The method for testing the load performance of the pier columns retained for reconstruction and expansion of highway bridges according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Determining the compressive performance score of the retained pier column by using the first distance and the ground foundation performance score, including: Obtaining first distances measured by the same laser rangefinder at multiple times; Determine the anti-topple performance score of the retained pier column according to the first distances measured by the same laser rangefinder at multiple times and the ground foundation performance score; Determine third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the retained pier column at the height corresponding to each time in the plane where the annular measurement component is located according to the first distances measured by multiple laser rangefinders at the same time; Determine the anti-deformation performance score of the retained pier column according to the first distances measured by the multiple laser rangefinders at the same time and the third position information; The compressive performance score of the retained pier columns is determined based on their anti-toppling performance score and anti-deformation performance score.

5. The method for testing the load performance of pier columns retained for reconstruction and expansion of highway bridges according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Determining the anti-topple performance score of the retained pier column according to the first distances measured by the same laser rangefinder at multiple times and the ground foundation performance score, including: According to the formula ， Determine the anti-toppling performance score of the retained pier ,in, is the first distance measured by the jth laser rangefinder at the mth moment, is the first distance measured by the jth laser rangefinder at the first moment, m is the number of moments in the lifting process, The preset speed for the upward lifting of the ring measuring assembly, is the time interval between adjacent moments, is the ground infrastructure performance score, N is the number of laser rangefinders, max is the maximum value function, j≤N, and j and N are positive integers.

6. The method for testing the load performance of the pier columns retained for reconstruction and expansion of highway bridges according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Determining third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the retained pier column at the height corresponding to each time in the plane where the annular measurement component is located according to the first distances measured by multiple laser rangefinders at the same time, including: Establishing a coordinate system of the plane where the annular measuring component is located, wherein the origin of the coordinate system is the center of the annular bracket; According to the formula ， Determine the surface position information of the reserved pier column illuminated by the jth laser rangefinder at the sth moment in the coordinate system of the plane where the annular measurement component is located ,in, is the radius of the annular support, is the first distance measured by the jth laser rangefinder at the sth moment; According to the formula ， Determine the third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the retained pier at the height corresponding to the sth moment in the plane where the annular measurement component is located , where N is the number of laser rangefinders, j≤N, and j and N are positive integers.

7. The method for testing the load performance of pier columns retained for reconstruction and expansion of highway bridges according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Determining the anti-deformation performance score of the retained pier column according to the first distances measured by multiple laser rangefinders at the same time and the third position information, including: According to the formula ， Determine the deformation resistance score of the retained pier ,in, In order to retain the third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the pier column at the height corresponding to the s+1th moment in the plane where the annular measurement component is located, To retain the third position information of the centroid of the cross section of the pier column at the height corresponding to the s-1th moment in the plane where the annular measurement component is located, The preset speed for the upward lifting of the ring measuring assembly, is the time interval between adjacent moments, m is the number of moments in the lifting process, for The transposed vector of , max is the maximum value function, is the surface position information of the reserved pier column illuminated by the j+1th laser rangefinder at the sth moment in the plane where the annular measurement component is located, is the surface position information of the reserved pier column illuminated by the j+1th laser rangefinder at the s+1th time in the plane where the annular measurement component is located, and is the preset weight, s and m are positive integers.

8. A load performance testing system for pier columns retained for reconstruction and expansion of highway bridges, characterized in that: include: A ground foundation test area module is used to select a ground foundation test area according to the bottom surface centroid of the pedestal of the retained pier column, wherein the ground foundation test area is a circular area selected on the ground with the bottom surface centroid of the pedestal of the retained pier column as the center, and the radius of the circular area is a preset radius; A descent depth module is used to select a plurality of first test points in the ground foundation test area, insert a test rod vertically downward at the first test point, and knock the test rod downward with a preset force, and after knocking a first preset number of times, record the descent depth of each test rod; A ground foundation performance scoring module, used to determine a ground foundation performance score according to first position information of the first test point in the ground foundation test area and a descending depth of each test rod; An annular measurement component module, used to surround the reserved pier column through an annular measurement component, wherein the annular measurement component includes an annular support, a laser rangefinder evenly arranged on the annular support, and a plurality of vertical lasers suspended on the annular support, the laser rangefinder emits laser toward the center of the annular support and measures a first distance between the surface of the object surrounded by the annular support and the laser rangefinder, and the vertical laser is connected to the annular support through a soft wire, so that the vertical laser emits laser vertically downward; A first distance module is used to start a plurality of vertical lasers, and record second position information of the lasers emitted by the vertical lasers irradiating the ground, and in the case where the lasers emitted by the vertical lasers always irradiate the second position information, lift the annular measurement assembly upward at a uniform speed by a lifting device, and record the first distances measured by the plurality of laser rangefinders at a plurality of moments during the lifting process; A compressive performance scoring module, used to determine the compressive performance score of the retained pier column according to the first distance and the ground foundation performance score; A load performance scoring module, used to determine the load performance score of the retained pier column according to the ground foundation performance score and the compressive performance score; A reporting module is used to obtain a load performance report of the retained pier column according to the load performance score.

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