Battery and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a battery and a vehicle, the battery comprises a plurality of battery monomers and a phase change part, the phase change part is arranged on at least one side of at least one battery monomer, and the phase change part is configured to release heat when the temperature is reduced to a phase change temperature so as to heat the battery monomers. According to the battery provided by the invention, the temperature consistency of the battery monomers in the battery is improved, the risk of lithium precipitation of the battery monomers is reduced, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of battery technology, and in particular relates to a battery and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Batteries are widely used in electronic devices, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, electric vehicles, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, and electric tools, etc. Batteries can include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and secondary alkaline zinc-manganese batteries, etc.

[0003] In the development of battery technology, how to improve the service life of batteries has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a battery and a vehicle, which can improve the temperature consistency of battery cells in the battery, thereby increasing the service life of the battery.

[0005] On the one hand, the present application provides a battery comprising multiple battery cells and a phase change element; the phase change element is arranged on at least one side of at least one battery cell, and the phase change element is configured to release heat when the temperature drops to a phase change temperature to heat the battery cell.

[0006] In some embodiments, the battery further includes a buffer assembly, which is at least disposed around the phase change element and abuts against the battery cell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the buffer assembly is adhesively connected to the battery cell, and the buffer assembly and the battery cell are enclosed to form a receiving cavity, and the phase change element is received in the receiving cavity.

[0008] In some embodiments, the buffer assembly includes a first buffer and a second buffer, the first buffer is annular, and the second buffer and the battery cell are respectively bonded to two sides of the first buffer, so that the first buffer, the second buffer and the battery cell enclose a receiving cavity.

[0009] In some embodiments, the phase change temperature T of the phase change element satisfies: 0°C≤T≤15°C.

[0010] In some embodiments, the material of the phase change element includes paraffin.

[0011] In some embodiments, the phase change element is adhesively connected to the battery cell.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery further includes a casing, and a phase change element is disposed between at least a portion of the battery cells and the casing.

[0013] In some embodiments, the battery includes a box body, and the battery cells are arranged in the box body; multiple battery cells are arranged at least along a first direction, and at least one side of the n battery cells close to one side of the box body and arranged along the first direction is provided with a phase change element, wherein n is a positive integer less than or equal to 10.

[0014] In some embodiments, the sum m2 of the masses of the phase change elements on the peripheral side of a battery cell satisfies: m2 ≥ 3°C·m1·C1 / (C2·ΔT+H), wherein m1 is the mass of the battery cell, C1 is the specific heat capacity of the battery cell, C2 is the specific heat capacity of the phase change element, ΔT is the temperature drop of the phase change element, and H is the phase change latent heat of the phase change element.

[0015] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising a battery provided by any of the above embodiments.

[0016] The battery and vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present application are provided with a phase change element on at least one side of the battery cell so as to heat at least one battery cell through the phase change element in a cold environment. This is beneficial to improving the temperature consistency of the battery cells inside the battery, reducing the risk of lithium deposition in the battery cells, and helping to increase the service life of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] In the drawings, the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0022] The reference numerals in the specific implementation manner are as follows:

[0023] 1. Vehicles;

[0024] 10. Battery; 11. Box;

[0025] 20. Battery cells;

[0026] 30. Phase change components;

[0027] 40. Buffer assembly; 40a. Accommodating cavity; 41. First buffer member; 42. Second buffer member;

[0028] X, first direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below. In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be implemented without the need for some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the present application by illustrating the examples of the present application.

[0030] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "include..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0031] It should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on this patent.

[0032] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In the related art, when the battery is working in a low temperature environment, the heat dissipation rate of some battery cells in the battery is faster, such as some battery cells near the edge of the battery. The temperature of these battery cells drops faster, and the temperature difference with other battery cells is larger. In this way, the temperature consistency of the battery cells inside the battery is poor, and the low temperature of the battery cells can easily cause the risk of lithium deposition in the battery cells, which seriously affects the service life of the battery.

[0034] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery and an electrical device using the battery to improve the temperature consistency of the battery cells inside the battery, thereby increasing the service life of the battery.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the battery 10 provided according to the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of battery cells 20 and a phase change element 30. The phase change element 30 is disposed on at least one side of at least one battery cell 20. The phase change element 30 is configured to release heat when the temperature drops to a phase change temperature to heat the battery cell 20.

[0036] The phase change element 30 may change its physical state and release a certain amount of heat when the temperature drops to the phase change temperature. Exemplarily, when the temperature drops to the phase change temperature, the phase change element 30 changes from a liquid state to a solid state and releases a certain amount of heat. Optionally, the material of the phase change element 30 may include paraffin or the like.

[0037] The battery cell 20 has multiple outer surfaces, and the phase change element 30 can be disposed on any side of the battery cell 20. For example, the phase change element 30 is disposed on the surface of the side with a larger surface area of ​​the battery cell 20. Alternatively, the phase change element 30 can be disposed on the sides of multiple outer surfaces of a battery cell 20, and the materials or shapes of the phase change elements 30 on different sides of the battery cell 20 can be different.

[0038] According to the different temperatures of the battery cells 20 at various locations during the operation of the battery 10, the phase change element 30 may be provided on at least one side of the battery cell 20 with a faster heat dissipation rate. According to the different arrangements of the battery cells 20 inside the battery 10, the battery cells 20 with a faster heat dissipation rate may be one or more battery cells 20 located at the edge of the battery 10, or one or more battery cells 20 located inside the battery 10. Therefore, the phase change element 30 may be provided on at least one side of the battery cell 20 located at the edge region of the battery 10, or the phase change element 30 may be provided on at least one side of the battery cell 20 located near the middle region of the battery 10.

[0039] It is understandable that the battery 10 may further include a housing 11, and the phase change element 30 may be disposed between two adjacent battery cells 20, so that the phase change element 30 may heat the two adjacent battery cells 20 during the heat release process. Of course, the phase change element 30 may be disposed between the housing 11 and the battery cells 20.

[0040] At room temperature, the phase change element 30 can be in the form of a sheet, a block or any other shape, which can be selected according to actual needs and is not limited here.

[0041] The phase change element 30 is disposed on the side of the battery cell 20, and the phase change element 30 can be in direct contact with the battery cell 20, such as by bonding or abutting. Alternatively, there are other components between the phase change element 30 and the battery cell 20. For example, the phase change element 30 can be sealed in a container, and the phase change element 30 transfers heat to the battery cell 20 through the container.

[0042] When the battery 10 works in a cold environment, some battery cells 20 have a faster heat dissipation efficiency. The phase change element 30 is provided to heat the battery cells 20 with a faster heat dissipation rate so that the temperature of the battery cells 20 inside the battery 10 is kept as constant as possible.

[0043] It is understandable that, according to the temperature of the working environment of the battery 10, a phase change element 30 with a suitable phase change temperature can be selected, and the mass of the phase change element 30 can be reasonably set so that when the battery 10 is in a cold environment, the phase change element 30 releases heat in time to heat the battery cell 20 in time, and the heating temperature is not too high, so as to improve the temperature consistency of the battery cell 20 inside the battery 10.

[0044] The battery 10 provided in the present application is provided with a phase change element 30 on at least one side of the battery cell 20 so as to heat at least one battery cell 20 through the phase change element 30 in a cold environment. This is beneficial to improving the temperature consistency of the battery cells 20 inside the battery 10, reducing the risk of lithium deposition in the battery cells 20, and helping to increase the service life of the battery 10.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery 10 further includes a buffer assembly 40 , which is at least disposed around the phase change element 30 and abuts against the battery cell 20 .

[0046] The buffer assembly 40 is arranged at least around the circumference of the phase change member 30 and against the battery cell 20, so that the buffer assembly 40 can provide a certain protection for the phase change member 30 and reduce the risk of the phase change member 30 leaking into the battery 10. When the battery cell 20 is squeezed, the deformation of the buffer assembly 40 can provide a certain protection for the phase change member 30, reduce the squeezing force on the phase change member 30, and help maintain the stability of the structure of the phase change member 30.

[0047] In some embodiments, the buffer assembly 40 is bonded to the battery cell 20 , and the buffer assembly 40 and the battery cell 20 enclose a receiving cavity 40 a , and the phase change element 30 is received in the receiving cavity 40 a .

[0048] The buffer component 40 may include rubber or silicone, etc., so that the buffer component 40 has a certain flame retardant effect.

[0049] The buffer assembly 40 is adhesively connected to the battery cell 20 and encloses the battery cell 20 to form a closed accommodating cavity 40a. The phase change element 30 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity 40a. Therefore, during the process of physical property changes, the phase change element 30 can still be located in the accommodating cavity 40a, so as to reduce the risk of the phase change element 30 leaking into the interior of the battery cell 20, which is beneficial to ensure the heating effect of the phase change element 30 on the battery cell 20.

[0050] The buffer component 40 can also play a certain buffering role, reducing the risk of unnecessary deformation of the phase change element 30 due to the extrusion effect, which is beneficial to improving the structural stability of the phase change element 30.

[0051] Please continue reading Figure 2 In some embodiments, the buffer assembly 40 includes a first buffer member 41 and a second buffer member 42, the first buffer member 41 is annular, and the second buffer member 42 and the battery cell 20 are respectively bonded to two sides of the first buffer member 41, so that the first buffer member 41, the second buffer member 42 and the battery cell 20 are enclosed to form a accommodating cavity 40a.

[0052] In this way, the accommodation cavity 40a formed by the first buffer member 41, the second buffer member 42 and the battery cell 20 is sealed, which is further conducive to reducing the risk of the phase change member 30 leaking into the battery 10, and is conducive to ensuring the weight of the phase change member 30, and further ensuring the heating effect of the phase change member 30 on the battery cell 20. The first buffer member 41 and the second buffer member 42, and the first buffer member 41 and the battery cell 20 are bonded and connected, which is conducive to improving the structural stability of the accommodation cavity 40a formed by the buffer assembly 40 and the battery cell 20.

[0053] In some embodiments, the phase change temperature T of the phase change element 30 satisfies: 0° C.≤T≤15° C.

[0054] Illustratively, the phase change temperature T of the phase change element 30 may be 0°C, 2°C, 5°C, 8°C, 10°C, 12°C or 15°C.

[0055] After the temperature of the phase change element 30 drops to the phase change temperature T, it begins to release heat. After systematic analysis and long-term practice, the inventors found that by setting 0°C ≤ T ≤ 15°C, when the battery cell 20 is at the corresponding ambient temperature, the phase change element 30 can release heat in time to reduce the temperature consistency of the battery cell 20 at the corresponding temperature and reduce the risk of lithium deposition in the battery cell 20 due to too low temperature.

[0056] In some embodiments, the material of the phase change element 30 includes paraffin.

[0057] The material for setting the phase change element 30 includes paraffin, and paraffin has a wide phase change temperature range. Therefore, it is necessary to set the phase change temperature of the phase change element 30, and set the content and type of paraffin in the phase change element 30. In addition, paraffin has a high latent heat of phase change and can store more heat. And paraffin has good chemical stability, low risk of leakage, and high safety. Furthermore, paraffin has a low thermal conductivity. Therefore, in a relatively fast heating process, such as fast charging conditions, the phase change element 30 absorbs less heat, and will not cause the temperature of the battery cell adjacent to it to be significantly lower than that of other battery cells.

[0058] In some embodiments, the phase change element 30 is adhesively connected to the battery cell 20 .

[0059] In this way, the phase change element 30 is in contact with the battery cell 20. After the temperature of the phase change element 30 reaches the phase change temperature and releases heat, it is beneficial to conduct the heat to the battery cell 20 in time, which is beneficial to improve the heat conduction efficiency between the phase change element 30 and the battery cell 20 and reduce the cooling rate of the battery cell 20. In addition, the phase change element 30 is bonded to the battery cell 20, which is beneficial to the stability of the structure of the phase change element 30 at room temperature.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery 10 further includes a housing 11 , and a phase change element 30 is disposed between at least a portion of the battery cells 20 and the housing 11 .

[0061] A phase change element 30 may be disposed between each battery cell 20 and the housing 11 , or a phase change element 30 may be disposed between some of the battery cells 20 and the housing 11 .

[0062] It is understandable that the phase change element 30 may be disposed only between the battery cell 20 and the box body 11 , or the phase change element 30 may be disposed between the battery cells 20 and the battery cells 20 at the same time.

[0063] It can be understood that the battery cells 20 adjacent to the casing 11 are located in the edge area of ​​the battery 10 and have a higher heat dissipation rate. A phase change element 30 is set between at least part of the battery cells 20 and the casing 11. The heat released by the phase change can be used to heat the battery cells 20 with a faster heat dissipation rate in the edge area of ​​the battery 10, and the heat released by the phase change element 30 is fully utilized, which is beneficial to further improve the temperature consistency of the battery cells 20 in the battery 10.

[0064] In some embodiments, the battery 10 includes a housing 11, and a battery cell 20 is disposed in the housing 11; a plurality of battery cells 20 are arranged at least along a first direction X, and a phase change element 30 is provided on at least one side of n battery cells 20 close to one side of the housing 11 and arranged along the first direction X, wherein n is a positive integer less than or equal to 10.

[0065] Optionally, n can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10.

[0066] For example, at least one side of n battery cells 20 arranged along the first direction X and close to the box body 11 may be provided at four corners of the battery 10 , and the phase change element 30 may be provided.

[0067] Optionally, the battery cells 20 may be arranged along a second direction intersecting the first direction X, and at least one side of the n battery cells 20 close to one side of the box body 11 and arranged along the second direction may be provided with a phase change element 30 .

[0068] Since the closer the battery cells 20 inside the battery 10 are to the casing 11, the faster the heat dissipation rate is, at least one side of the n battery cells 20 arranged near one side of the casing 11 and along the first direction X is provided with a phase change element 30. Then, the heat released when the temperature of the phase change element 30 drops to the phase change temperature can be used to heat the n battery cells 20 near the casing 11 to reduce their cooling rate, which is further beneficial to improving the temperature consistency of the battery cells 20 inside the battery 10.

[0069] In some embodiments, the sum m2 of the masses of the phase change elements 30 on the peripheral sides of a battery cell 20 satisfies: m2 ≥ 3°C·m1·C1 / (C2·ΔT+H), wherein m1 is the mass of the battery cell 20 , C1 is the specific heat capacity of the battery cell 20 , C2 is the specific heat capacity of the phase change element 30 , ΔT is the temperature drop amplitude of the phase change element 30 , and H is the phase change latent heat of the phase change element 30 .

[0070] It can be understood that the phase change element 30 heats the battery cell 20 when the temperature drops to the phase change temperature. The heat emitted by the phase change element 30 is related to the mass of the phase change element 30. The higher the mass of the phase change element 30, the more heat is released. Therefore, the mass of the phase change element 30 can be set appropriately as needed to meet the heating requirements of the battery cell 20.

[0071] According to m1·C1·(T1-T2)=m2·C2·ΔT+m2·H, m1 is the mass of the battery cell 20, C1 is the specific heat capacity of the battery cell 20, T1 is the target temperature difference between the battery cells after using the phase change material, T2 is the temperature difference between the battery cells when there is no phase change material, C2 is the specific heat capacity of the phase change element 30, ΔT is the temperature drop of the phase change element 30, and H is the phase change latent heat of the phase change element 30.

[0072] After a systematic analysis and a long period of time, the inventor found that the minimum value of (T1-T2) is 3°C. Therefore, m2≥3°C·m1·C1 / (C2·ΔT+H) is set, that is, the minimum mass of the phase change element 30 is set to 3m1·C1 / (C2·ΔT+H). When the battery 10 is in a low temperature environment, the phase change element 30 can generate enough heat to heat the adjacent battery cells 20, so that the temperature difference between it and other battery cells 20 is small.

[0073] Therefore, setting the sum m2 of the masses of the phase change elements 30 on the peripheral side of a battery cell 20 to satisfy: m2 ≥ 3°C·m1·C1 / (C2·ΔT+H) is beneficial to ensure the heating effect of the heat emitted by the phase change element 30 on the battery cell 20, so as to improve the temperature consistency of the battery cell 20 in the battery 10 when working in a low temperature environment.

[0074] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle 1 provided according to an embodiment of the present application includes the battery 10 provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0075] The vehicle 1 provided in the present application may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc., and the present application does not make any special limitation.

[0076] The vehicle 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application has the same technical effect as the battery 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, and thus will not be described in detail here.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that: include: Multiple battery cells; A phase change element is provided on at least one side of at least one of the battery cells, and the phase change element is configured to release heat when the temperature drops to a phase change temperature, so as to heat the battery cell.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The battery further includes a buffer assembly, which is at least arranged around the circumference of the phase change element and abuts against the battery cell.

3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that The buffer assembly is bonded and connected to the battery cell, and the buffer assembly and the battery cell enclose a receiving cavity, and the phase change member is received in the receiving cavity.

4. The battery according to claim 3, characterized in that The buffer assembly includes a first buffer member and a second buffer member, the first buffer member is annular, and the second buffer member and the battery cell are respectively bonded to two sides of the first buffer member, so that the first buffer member, the second buffer member and the battery cell enclose the accommodating cavity.

5. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The phase change temperature T of the phase change element satisfies: 0°C≤T≤15°C.

6. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The material of the phase change element includes paraffin.

7. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The phase change element is bonded and connected to the battery cell.

8. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The battery further comprises a box, and the phase change element is arranged between at least part of the battery cells and the box.

9. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The battery includes a box body, and the battery cells are arranged in the box body; the multiple battery cells are arranged at least along a first direction, and the phase change element is provided on at least one side of n battery cells close to one side of the box body and arranged along the first direction, wherein n is a positive integer less than or equal to 10.

10. The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The sum m2 of the masses of the phase change elements on the peripheral side of one of the battery cells satisfies: m2 ≥ 3°C·m1·C1 / (C2·ΔT+H), wherein m1 is the mass of the battery cell, C1 is the specific heat capacity of the battery cell, C2 is the specific heat capacity of the phase change element, ΔT is the temperature drop amplitude of the phase change element, and H is the phase change latent heat of the phase change element.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the battery according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

Images