Method for planting high mountain rock beans

Abstract

The invention discloses a high mountain rock bean planting method which comprises the following steps: step 1, according to climate characteristics of a high altitude mountainous area, sowing is performed in late April in spring when the temperature rises to 20 DEG C or above, and the altitude needs to reach 1300 m or above; according to the planting method of the high mountain rock beans, through a plurality of links of elaborately designed sowing time, altitude selection, land parcel selection, soil preparation and fertilization, sowing modes and meticulous field management, according to climate characteristics of high altitude mountainous areas, sowing is performed at a proper time when the air temperature rises to 20 DEG C or above in late April in spring; the requirement that the altitude needs to reach 1300 m or above is defined, so that normal pod bearing of the rock beans is guaranteed, the yield and quality are improved, through the details of field management, including thinning, seedling supplementing, frame building, fertilizer and water management, plant adjustment and other links, the measures are beneficial to healthy growth of the rock beans, plant diseases and insect pests can be effectively prevented, and the method is suitable for popularization and application. The stress resistance and quality of the rock beans are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, and in particular to a method for planting alpine rock beans. Background Art

[0002] As a traditional crop, alpine rock beans are highly favored for their unique nutritional value and flavor. However, traditional planting methods are often limited by geographical environment, climate conditions and planting technology, resulting in low yields and uneven quality. Especially in high-altitude mountainous areas, the planting of alpine rock beans faces many challenges due to factors such as cold climate, poor soil and short growth period.

[0003] Traditional planting methods often lack scientific field management. For example, unreasonable fertilization and density not only affect the growth and development of rock beans, but may also lead to soil pollution and ecological damage. In addition, the lack of standardized technical standards and standardized planting techniques also makes it difficult to guarantee the yield and quality of high-altitude rock beans and cannot meet market demand. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention discloses a method for planting alpine rock beans, and the technical solution adopted is to include the following steps: Step 1: According to the climate characteristics of high-altitude mountainous areas, choose late April in spring when the temperature rises above 20°C for sowing. The altitude must be above 1,300 meters to ensure that the rock beans can pod normally; Step 2: Select loam or sandy loam with high organic matter content, good drainage and irrigation conditions, deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil, and pH value between 6-7 as the planting plot; Step 3: Deep plowing or freezing ridges in winter to reduce overwintering insect or fungus sources, use 2 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, and apply 100kg / hm2 of compound fertilizer, and cultivate ridges and cover with film; Step 4: Select and dry seeds before sowing to ensure seed quality. Use tillage and ridge-making and single-bed mulching cultivation methods. The bed width is 1m, the bed surface width is 0.8m, the furrow width and furrow depth are both 20cm, the nest distance is 0.67m, the seed amount per mu is 10kg, 1000-1100 nests are planted, 4-5 seeds are sown in each hole, and the density per mu reaches 4000-5000 plants; Step 5: Field management after sowing. Field management includes thinning, seedling replacement, seedling thinning, trellising, fertilizer and water management, and plant adjustment.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution for the planting method of high mountain rock beans of the present invention, the seeds should be evenly turned over in the sun to promote the activity of seed enzymes, and large, plump and undamaged seeds should be selected for sowing.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution for the planting method of alpine rock beans of the present invention, in step 5, the emergence of rock bean seedlings should be checked 7 days after sowing, and thinning should be done, leaving more than 3 healthy seedlings in each hole, and timely supplementing the missing holes and few seedlings.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution for the planting method of alpine rock beans of the present invention, the scaffolding in step five can be done by using 2.5m long bamboo sticks to promptly build a "human" frame after the rock beans have emerged and have been fixed, or by driving piles on both sides and pulling wires to build the frame.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the alpine rock bean planting method of the present invention, the fertilizer and water management in step 5 is to apply urea 20kg / hm2 at the early stage of vine growth. 2 , apply urea 50kg / hm2 at the early stage of pod setting 2 , and apply once every 10 days.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the alpine rock bean planting method of the present invention, during the initial vine-pulling stage topdressing, combined with disease prevention and insect control, 0.5% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be added for foliar spraying.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the alpine rock bean planting method of the present invention, during the topdressing process in the early stage of pod setting, it can be combined with disease and insect pest control, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be added to the liquid medicine.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution for the planting method of high-altitude rock beans of the present invention, the plant adjustment in step five includes guiding vines, vine sorting, pinching and topping, and thinning flowers and pods. Before the plant grows to the top of the frame, the main vine growth point is removed.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution for the planting method of alpine rock beans of the present invention, during the plant adjustment process, old leaves, yellow leaves and diseased leaves 40-70 cm close to the ground during the growth of the rock beans are removed.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention, through the carefully designed sowing time, altitude selection, plot selection, land preparation and fertilization, sowing method and meticulous field management, selects the appropriate time of late April in spring when the temperature rises to above 20°C for sowing according to the climatic characteristics of high-altitude mountainous areas, and clarifies the requirement that the altitude must reach above 1,300 meters, thereby ensuring that the rock beans can pod normally and improving the yield and quality;

[0014] Secondly, by selecting loam or sandy loam with high organic matter content, good irrigation and drainage conditions, deep, loose and fertile soil layer as the planting plots, a good soil environment is provided for the growth of rock beans, further improving its growth rate and yield. Through the details of field management, including thinning, seedling replacement, trellising, fertilizer and water management, and plant adjustment, these measures not only contribute to the healthy growth of rock beans, but also effectively prevent the occurrence of diseases and pests, and improve the stress resistance and quality of rock beans. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Example 1

[0016] The invention discloses a method for planting alpine rock beans, and the technical scheme adopted is that the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: According to the climate characteristics of high-altitude mountainous areas, choose late April in spring when the temperature rises above 20°C for sowing. The altitude must be above 1,300 meters to ensure that the rock beans can pod normally; Step 2: Select loam or sandy loam with high organic matter content, good drainage and irrigation conditions, deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil, and pH value between 6-7 as the planting plot; Step 3: Deep plowing or freezing ridges in winter to reduce the source of overwintering insects or bacteria, use 2 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, and apply 100kg / hm2 of compound fertilizer, and cultivate ridges and cover with film. Step 4: Select and dry seeds before sowing. Seeds with large, full grains and no pests should be selected for sowing. For drying, the seeds should be evenly turned and dried in the sun to promote the activity of seed enzymes and ensure seed quality. The cultivation method of turning over the land and ridge-making and single-bed mulching is adopted. The bed width is 1m, the bed surface width is 0.8m, the furrow width and furrow depth are both 20cm, the nest distance is 0.67m, the seed amount per mu is 10kg, 1000 nests are used, 4 seeds are sown in each hole, and the density per mu reaches 4000 plants; Step 5: Field management after sowing. Field management includes thinning, supplementing, leveling, scaffolding, fertilizer and water management and plant adjustment. 7 days after sowing, check the emergence of rock bean seedlings and do thinning. Leave more than 3 healthy seedlings in each hole, and timely supplement the seedlings for those with missing holes or few seedlings. After the emergence and finalization of rock beans, use 2.5m long bamboo sticks to build a "human" frame in time or use piles on both sides and wire to build the frame to enhance air circulation, reduce field humidity and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Fertilizer and water management: apply urea 20kg / hm2 at the early stage of vine growth. 2 In the early stage of vine growth, 0.5% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be added for foliar spraying in combination with disease prevention and pest control. In the early stage of pod formation, 50kg / hm2 of urea can be applied. 2, and apply topdressing once every 10 days. During the initial stage of pod setting, topdressing can be combined with disease and pest control, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be added to the solution. Plant adjustment includes guiding vines, vine trimming, pinching and topping, thinning flowers and pods. Before the plant grows to the top of the frame, the main vine growth point is removed to promote the transition to reproductive growth, which is beneficial to the early maturation of the lower pods, increase the number of pods, and increase the yield. During the plant adjustment process, remove the old, yellow, and diseased leaves 40 cm close to the ground during the growth of the rock bean, so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission of the plant, prevent the pods from falling, and achieve the purpose of increasing yield.

[0017] Example 2

[0018] The invention discloses a method for planting alpine rock beans, and the technical scheme adopted is that the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: According to the climate characteristics of high-altitude mountainous areas, choose late April in spring when the temperature rises above 20°C for sowing. The altitude must be above 1,300 meters to ensure that the rock beans can pod normally; Step 2: Select loam or sandy loam with high organic matter content, good drainage and irrigation conditions, deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil, and pH value between 6-7 as the planting plot; Step 3: Deep plowing or freezing ridges in winter to reduce the source of overwintering insects or bacteria, use 2 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, and apply 100kg / hm2 of compound fertilizer, and cultivate ridges and cover with film. Step 4: Select and dry seeds before sowing. Seeds with large, full grains and no pests should be selected for sowing. For drying, the seeds should be evenly turned and dried in the sun to promote the activity of seed enzymes and ensure seed quality. The cultivation method of turning over the soil and ridge-making and single-bed mulching is adopted. The bed width is 1m, the bed surface width is 0.8m, the furrow width and furrow depth are both 20cm, the nest distance is 0.67m, the seed amount per mu is 10kg, 1050 nests are made, 4.5 seeds are sown in each hole, and the density per mu reaches 4500 plants; Step 5: Field management after sowing. Field management includes thinning, supplementing, leveling, scaffolding, fertilizer and water management and plant adjustment. 7 days after sowing, check the emergence of rock bean seedlings and do thinning. Leave more than 3 healthy seedlings in each hole, and timely supplement the seedlings for those with missing holes or few seedlings. After the emergence and finalization of rock beans, use 2.5m long bamboo sticks to build a "human" frame in time or use piles on both sides and wire to build the frame to enhance air circulation, reduce field humidity and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Fertilizer and water management: apply urea 20kg / hm2 at the early stage of vine growth. 2 In the early stage of vine growth, 0.5% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be added for foliar spraying in combination with disease prevention and pest control. In the early stage of pod formation, 50kg / hm2 of urea can be applied. 2, and apply topdressing once every 10 days. During the initial stage of pod setting, topdressing can be combined with disease and pest control, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be added to the solution. Plant adjustment includes guiding vines, vine trimming, pinching and topping, thinning flowers and pods. Before the plant grows to the top of the frame, the main vine growth point is removed to promote the transition to reproductive growth, which is beneficial to the early maturation of the lower pods, increase the number of pods, and increase the yield. During the plant adjustment process, remove the old, yellow, and diseased leaves 55 cm close to the ground during the growth of the rock bean, so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission of the plant, prevent the pods from falling, and achieve the purpose of increasing yield.

[0019] Example 3

[0020] The invention discloses a method for planting alpine rock beans, and the technical scheme adopted is that the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: According to the climate characteristics of high-altitude mountainous areas, choose late April in spring when the temperature rises above 20°C for sowing. The altitude must be above 1,300 meters to ensure that the rock beans can pod normally; Step 2: Select loam or sandy loam with high organic matter content, good drainage and irrigation conditions, deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil, and pH value between 6-7 as the planting plot; Step 3: Deep plowing or freezing ridges in winter to reduce the source of overwintering insects or bacteria, use 2 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, and apply 100kg / hm2 of compound fertilizer, and cultivate ridges and cover with film. Step 4: Select and dry seeds before sowing. Seeds with large, full grains and no pests should be selected for sowing. For drying, the seeds should be evenly turned and dried in the sun to promote the activity of seed enzymes and ensure seed quality. The cultivation method of turning over the soil and ridge-making and single-bed mulching is adopted. The bed width is 1m, the bed surface width is 0.8m, the furrow width and furrow depth are both 20cm, the nest distance is 0.67m, the seed amount per mu is 10kg, 1100 nests are planted, 5 seeds are sown in each hole, and the density per mu reaches 5000 plants; Step 5: Field management after sowing. Field management includes thinning, supplementing, leveling, scaffolding, fertilizer and water management and plant adjustment. 7 days after sowing, check the emergence of rock bean seedlings and do thinning. Leave more than 3 healthy seedlings in each hole, and timely supplement the seedlings for those with missing holes or few seedlings. After the emergence and finalization of rock beans, use 2.5m long bamboo sticks to build a "human" frame in time or use piles on both sides and wire to build the frame to enhance air circulation, reduce field humidity and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Fertilizer and water management: apply urea 20kg / hm2 at the early stage of vine growth. 2 In the early stage of vine growth, 0.5% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be added for foliar spraying in combination with disease prevention and pest control. In the early stage of pod formation, 50kg / hm2 of urea can be applied. 2, and apply topdressing once every 10 days. During the initial stage of pod setting, topdressing can be combined with disease and pest control, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be added to the solution. Plant adjustment includes guiding vines, vine trimming, pinching and topping, thinning flowers and pods. Before the plant grows to the top of the frame, the main vine growth point is removed to promote the transition to reproductive growth, which is beneficial to the early maturation of the lower pods, increase the number of pods, and increase the yield. During the plant adjustment process, remove the old, yellow, and diseased leaves 70 cm close to the ground during the growth of the rock bean, so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission of the plant, prevent the pods from falling, and achieve the purpose of increasing yield.

[0021] Components not described in detail herein are prior art.

[0022] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of the present invention, and modifications or deformations without creative labor are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting alpine rock beans, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: According to the climate characteristics of high-altitude mountainous areas, choose late April in spring when the temperature rises above 20°C for sowing. The altitude must be above 1,300 meters to ensure that the rock beans can pod normally; Step 2: Select loam or sandy loam with high organic matter content, good drainage and irrigation conditions, deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil, and pH value between 6-7 as the planting plot; Step 3: Deep plowing or freezing ridges in winter to reduce the source of overwintering insects or bacteria, use 2 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer, and apply 100kg / hm2 of compound fertilizer, and cultivate ridges and cover with film. Step 4: Select and dry seeds before sowing to ensure seed quality. Use tillage and ridge-making and single-bed mulching cultivation methods. The bed width is 1m, the bed surface width is 0.8m, the furrow width and furrow depth are both 20cm, the nest distance is 0.67m, the seed amount per mu is 10kg, 1000-1100 nests are planted, 4-5 seeds are sown in each hole, and the density per mu reaches 4000-5000 plants; Step 5: Field management after sowing. Field management includes thinning, seedling replacement, seedling thinning, trellising, fertilizer and water management, and plant adjustment.

2. The method for planting alpine rock beans according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeds should be evenly turned over in the sun to promote the activity of seed enzymes in the drying step 4, and large, full and undamaged seeds should be selected for sowing.

3. The method for planting alpine rock beans according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, 7 days after sowing, check the emergence of the rock bean seedlings and do thinning, leaving more than 3 healthy seedlings in each hole, and replenish the seedlings in time for those with missing holes or few seedlings.

4. The method for planting alpine rock beans according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scaffolding in step 5 can be done after the rock beans have emerged and have been set, by using 2.5m long bamboo sticks to promptly build a "human" frame or by driving piles on both sides and pulling wires to build the frame.

5. The method for planting alpine rock beans according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 5, urea 20kg / hm2 is applied at the beginning of vine growth. 2 , apply urea 50kg / hm2 at the early stage of pod setting 2 , and apply once every 10 days.

6. The method for planting alpine rock beans according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the initial stage of vine growth, 0.5% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be added for foliar spraying in combination with disease prevention and pest control.

7. The method for planting alpine rock beans according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the topdressing process at the early stage of pod formation, it can be combined with disease and insect pest control, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be added to the liquid medicine.

8. The method for planting alpine rock beans according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant adjustment in step five includes guiding vines, arranging vines, pinching and topping, and thinning flowers and pods. Before the plants grow to the top of the frame, the main vine growth point is removed.

9. The method for planting alpine rock beans according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the plant adjustment process, old leaves, yellow leaves and diseased leaves 40-70 cm close to the ground during the growth of the rock bean are removed.