Efficient power battery disassembly tail gas treatment system

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient power battery disassembly tail gas treatment system which comprises a tail gas conveying pipeline for conveying tail gas, a bag-type dust collector for receiving the tail gas conveyed by the tail gas conveying pipeline, a condensing tower for receiving the tail gas exhausted by the bag-type dust collector, a combustion furnace for receiving the tail gas exhausted by the condensing tower, and an alkali wash adjusting tower for receiving the tail gas exhausted by the combustion furnace, the quench tower is used for receiving tail gas exhausted by the alkali washing adjusting tower, the water spraying device is used for receiving the tail gas exhausted by the quench tower, and the active adsorption box is used for receiving the tail gas exhausted by the water spraying device. Through comprehensive application of various technologies such as adsorption, catalytic combustion and condensation recovery, comprehensive and efficient purification treatment of harmful substances in the power battery disassembly tail gas is realized; and the energy consumption and the cost in the treatment process are reduced in manners of recycling valuable organic solvents and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery manufacturing, and in particular to a high-efficiency power battery disassembly tail gas treatment system. Background Art

[0002] In the context of the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the disassembly and recycling of power batteries has become an important environmental protection issue. During the disassembly of power batteries, due to the volatilization and leakage of electrolytes, organic solvents, etc., a large amount of tail gas containing harmful substances, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and heavy metal dust, will be generated. Traditional tail gas treatment methods, such as simple filtration, adsorption or incineration, often have problems such as low treatment efficiency, high energy consumption, and secondary pollution, which are difficult to meet the requirements of environmental protection regulations and the needs of industrial development. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a high-efficiency power battery disassembly exhaust gas treatment system.

[0004] The present invention proposes a high-efficiency power battery disassembly exhaust gas treatment system, comprising: an exhaust gas conveying pipeline for conveying exhaust gas, a bag dust collector for receiving exhaust gas conveyed by the exhaust gas conveying pipeline, a condensing tower for receiving exhaust gas discharged from the bag dust collector, a combustion furnace for receiving exhaust gas discharged from the condensing tower, an alkali washing regulating tower for receiving exhaust gas discharged from the combustion furnace, a quenching tower for receiving exhaust gas discharged from the alkali washing regulating tower, a water spraying device for receiving exhaust gas discharged from the quenching tower, and an active adsorption box for receiving exhaust gas discharged from the water spraying device.

[0005] Preferably, the exhaust gas conveying pipeline is connected to a bag dust collector to convey the exhaust gas to be treated to the bag dust collector, and the bag dust collector removes dust in the exhaust gas in advance;

[0006] The bag filter is connected to the condensation tower to transport the dust-free exhaust gas to the condensation tower, which cools the incoming exhaust gas to condense the organic solvent in the exhaust gas;

[0007] The condensation tower is connected to the combustion furnace, so that the tail gas cooled by the condensation tower enters the combustion furnace, and the combustion furnace catalytically burns the incoming tail gas to oxidize and decompose the combustible substances in the tail gas;

[0008] The combustion furnace is connected to the alkali washing regulating tower, so that the tail gas discharged from the combustion furnace enters the alkali washing regulating tower, and the alkali washing regulating tower washes the incoming tail gas with alkaline water to neutralize the acidic pollutants in the tail gas;

[0009] The alkali washing and regulating tower is connected to the quenching tower, so that the tail gas after being washed by alkali water in the alkali washing and regulating tower enters the quenching tower, and the quenching tower cools the incoming tail gas to condense the organic solvent in the tail gas;

[0010] The quenching tower is connected to the water spraying device, so that the exhaust gas after being cooled by the quenching tower enters the water spraying device, and the water spraying device cleans the incoming exhaust gas to remove water-soluble pollutants in the exhaust gas and reduce the exhaust gas temperature;

[0011] The water spray device is connected to the active adsorption box to transport the sprayed tail gas to the active adsorption box, and the active adsorption box adsorbs volatile organic compounds in the incoming tail gas.

[0012] Preferably, the active adsorption box is connected to a tail gas emission channel so that the treated tail gas can be discharged through the tail gas emission channel.

[0013] Preferably, the active adsorption box comprises a box body and an active adsorption element arranged in the box body, and the active adsorption element is activated carbon.

[0014] Preferably, a UV blue light filter element is provided in the active adsorption box to destroy the molecular structure of organic matter through UV blue light.

[0015] Preferably, a waste liquid recovery container is further included, and the waste liquid recovery container is connected to the condensation tower to recover the waste liquid discharged from the condensation tower.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes an alkali liquid tank connected to the water spray device to receive drainage from the water spray device, a filtering device connected to the alkali liquid tank to receive drainage from the alkali liquid tank, and a water tank connected to the filtering device to receive drainage from the filtering device.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of water spray devices are provided, and the exhaust ports of the water spray devices are sequentially connected in series to form multiple sprays for the incoming exhaust gas.

[0018] Preferably, each water spray device has a corresponding alkali liquid tank for receiving the drainage thereof.

[0019] In the present invention, large particles and other dust in the exhaust gas are removed in advance by a bag filter to reduce the impact of dust on subsequent equipment and avoid blockages caused by dust in subsequent treatment processes, thereby improving the overall treatment efficiency. The bag filter has relatively low operating energy consumption and a high dust removal rate, which can effectively reduce secondary pollution. The exhaust gas after dust removal by the bag filter enters a condensation tower, which cools the exhaust gas. The valuable organic solvents in the exhaust gas, such as N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), are condensed by cooling, so that they can be recovered and utilized in advance, thereby reducing production costs. Rapid cooling can avoid complex chemical reactions that may occur in high-temperature exhaust gas in subsequent treatment processes, reduce energy consumption, and simultaneously reduce the volatilization and diffusion of harmful substances in high temperature conditions, further reducing the risk of secondary pollution. After removing the valuable organic solvent, the combustibles in the tail gas are completely oxidized into harmless carbon dioxide and water vapor through catalytic combustion, avoiding secondary pollutants produced by incomplete combustion; then the acidic pollutants in the tail gas are neutralized through alkaline water washing; and the high-temperature tail gas is quickly cooled through a quenching tower to avoid the generation of harmful substances. The tail gas is then further cleaned by spraying with a water spray device to remove some water-soluble pollutants in the tail gas and reduce the tail gas temperature at the same time; finally, the volatile organic compounds in the incoming tail gas are adsorbed by an active adsorption box to remove the volatile organic compounds in the tail gas. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] (1) High-efficiency purification: Through the comprehensive use of multiple technologies such as adsorption, catalytic combustion and condensation recovery, the harmful substances in the exhaust gas of power battery disassembly can be fully and efficiently purified.

[0021] (2) Energy conservation and emission reduction: Reduce energy consumption and costs in the processing process by recycling valuable organic solvents.

[0022] (3) Environmental compliance: Ensure that all indicators of the purified exhaust gas meet the requirements of environmental protection laws and regulations and achieve standard emissions.

[0023] (4) Wide applicability: This system can be applied to power battery disassembly manufacturers of different types and sizes, and has good market application prospects and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a high-efficiency power battery disassembly exhaust gas treatment system proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a workflow diagram of a high-efficiency power battery disassembly exhaust gas treatment system proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Reference Figure 1-2The present invention proposes a high-efficiency power battery disassembly exhaust gas treatment system, which includes: an exhaust gas delivery pipeline (not shown in the figure), a bag filter 03, a condensation tower 05, a combustion furnace 08, an alkali washing adjustment tower 09, a quenching tower 04, a water spray device 11, an active adsorption box 02, and an exhaust gas emission channel 01.

[0027] The exhaust gas conveying pipeline is connected to the bag-type dust collector 03 to convey the exhaust gas to be treated to the bag-type dust collector 03. The bag-type dust collector 03 removes dust in the exhaust gas in advance to reduce the impact of dust on subsequent equipment and avoid blockages caused by dust in subsequent treatment processes, thereby improving the overall treatment efficiency. The bag-type dust collector 03 has relatively low operating energy consumption and a high dust removal rate, which can effectively reduce secondary pollution.

[0028] The bag filter 03 is connected to the condensation tower 05 to transport the exhaust gas with dust removed to the condensation tower 05, which cools the incoming exhaust gas to condense valuable organic solvents in the exhaust gas, such as N-methylpyrrolidone NMP, so that they can be recovered and utilized in advance, thereby reducing production costs. In addition, through rapid cooling, the complex chemical reactions that may occur in the high-temperature exhaust gas during subsequent treatment are avoided, energy consumption is reduced, and at the same time, the volatilization and diffusion of harmful substances under high temperature conditions are reduced, further reducing the risk of secondary pollution.

[0029] The condensation tower 05 is connected to the combustion furnace 08 so that the exhaust gas cooled by the condensation tower 05 enters the combustion furnace 08, and the combustion furnace 08 performs catalytic combustion on the exhaust gas entering. Under the action of the catalyst, the combustibles can be completely oxidized into harmless carbon dioxide and water vapor, avoiding secondary pollutants produced by incomplete combustion; and, for harmful substances that are difficult to treat by adsorption, such as low-concentration VOCs, catalytic combustion can achieve efficient oxidation and decomposition of organic matter at a relatively low temperature. Compared with traditional incineration methods, the treatment efficiency of low-concentration VOCs is higher; the combustion process can completely decompose organic matter, ensuring the purification effect of the exhaust gas.

[0030] The combustion furnace 08 is connected to the alkali washing regulating tower 09 so that the tail gas discharged from the combustion furnace 08 enters the alkali washing regulating tower 09, and the alkali washing regulating tower 09 washes the incoming tail gas with alkali water. Alkali washing can effectively remove acidic pollutants in the tail gas, and combined with other treatment methods, improves the overall purification effect of the tail gas. In addition, the alkali washing process is mainly a chemical reaction process, which does not require conditions such as high temperature or high pressure, and has low energy consumption. The salt substances produced during the alkali washing process are relatively stable, and no new pollutants will be generated, thereby avoiding secondary pollution. The alkali washing regulating tower 09 is connected to the quenching tower 04 so that the tail gas washed with alkali water by the alkali washing regulating tower 09 enters the quenching tower 04, and the quenching tower 04 cools the incoming tail gas, and uses the temperature difference to perform phase change separation of the substance, so that the organic solvent in the tail gas is condensed for easy recycling and reuse. In addition, the cooling and condensation process does not produce new pollutants, realizes the harmless recovery of organic solvents, and avoids secondary pollution caused by organic solvent emissions.

[0031] The quenching tower 04 is connected to the water spray device 11, so that the exhaust gas cooled by the quenching tower 04 enters the water spray device 11, and the water spray device 11 cleans the incoming exhaust gas to remove water-soluble pollutants in the exhaust gas and reduce the exhaust gas temperature; the operating energy consumption of the water spray is relatively low, the spraying process will not produce new pollutants, and some pollutants can be dissolved in water, thereby reducing the pollutant content in the exhaust gas and reducing secondary pollution.

[0032] The water spray device 11 is connected to the active adsorption box 02 to transport the sprayed exhaust gas to the active adsorption box 02, and the active adsorption box 02 adsorbs the volatile organic compounds in the incoming exhaust gas. The active adsorption box 02 is connected to the exhaust gas discharge channel 01 to discharge the treated exhaust gas from the exhaust gas discharge channel 01.

[0033] Furthermore, the active adsorption box 02 in this embodiment includes a box body and an active adsorption element arranged in the box body. The active adsorption element is activated carbon. The activated carbon has a large specific surface area and a high adsorption rate.

[0034] Furthermore, the active adsorption box 02 in this embodiment is provided with a UV blue light filter element. The UV blue light can destroy the molecular structure of organic matter, further decompose the organic pollutants in the exhaust gas, and combine with the active adsorption to improve the removal effect of the organic pollutants.

[0035] In addition, two bag dust collectors 03 are provided in this embodiment, and the two bag dust collectors 03 are respectively connected to the condensation tower 05, wherein one bag dust collector 03 is used to receive low-temperature exhaust gas, and the other bag dust collector 03 is used to receive high-temperature exhaust gas.

[0036] In addition, the high-efficiency power battery disassembly exhaust gas treatment system proposed in the present invention also includes a waste liquid recovery container 06, which is connected to the condensation tower 05 to recover the waste liquid discharged from the condensation tower 05.

[0037] It also includes an alkali liquid tank 13 connected to the water spray device 11 to receive the water discharged by the water spray device 11, a filtering device 14 connected to the alkali liquid tank 13 to receive the water discharged by the alkali liquid tank 13, and a water tank 12 connected to the filtering device 14 to receive the water discharged by the filtering device 14. The waste water discharged by the water spray device 11 sequentially passes through the alkali liquid tank 13 and the filtering device 14 and enters the water tank 12, so that the alkali liquid in the alkali liquid tank 13 can be used to neutralize the acidic substances in the waste water, the filtering device 14 can be used to filter out the impurities in the waste water, and the filtered waste water can be stored in the water tank 12 for recycling.

[0038] Furthermore, in the present embodiment, a plurality of water spray devices 11 are provided, and the exhaust ports of the water spray devices 11 are sequentially connected in series to form multiple sprays for the incoming exhaust gas.

[0039] Furthermore, each water spray device 11 has a corresponding alkali liquid tank 13 for receiving the drainage thereof.

[0040] As can be seen from the above, the present invention removes large particles and other dust in the exhaust gas in advance by the bag filter 03 to reduce the impact of dust on subsequent equipment and avoid problems such as blockage caused by dust in the subsequent treatment process, thereby improving the overall treatment efficiency, and the bag filter 03 has relatively low operating energy consumption and high dust removal rate, which can effectively reduce secondary pollution; the exhaust gas after dust removal by the bag filter 03 enters the condensation tower 05, and the exhaust gas is cooled by the condensation tower 05, so that the valuable organic solvents in the exhaust gas, such as N-methylpyrrolidone NMP, are condensed by cooling, so as to recover and utilize them in advance, thereby reducing production costs, and through rapid cooling, the complex chemical reactions that may occur in the high-temperature exhaust gas in the subsequent treatment process are avoided, energy consumption is reduced, and at the same time, the volatilization and diffusion of harmful substances under high temperature conditions are reduced, further reducing the risk of secondary pollution. After removing the valuable organic solvent, the combustibles in the tail gas are completely oxidized into harmless carbon dioxide and water vapor through catalytic combustion, avoiding secondary pollutants produced by incomplete combustion; then the acidic pollutants in the tail gas are neutralized through alkaline water washing; and the high-temperature tail gas is quickly cooled through a quenching tower to avoid the generation of harmful substances. The tail gas is then further cleaned by spraying with a water spray device 11 to remove some water-soluble pollutants in the tail gas and reduce the tail gas temperature; finally, the active adsorption box 02 adsorbs the volatile organic compounds in the incoming tail gas, thereby removing the volatile organic compounds in the tail gas. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0041] (1) High-efficiency purification: Through the comprehensive use of multiple technologies such as adsorption, catalytic combustion and condensation recovery, the harmful substances in the exhaust gas of power battery disassembly can be fully and efficiently purified.

[0042] (2) Energy conservation and emission reduction: Reduce energy consumption and costs in the processing process by recycling valuable organic solvents.

[0043] (3) Environmental compliance: Ensure that all indicators of the purified exhaust gas meet the requirements of environmental protection laws and regulations and achieve standard emissions.

[0044] (4) Wide applicability: This system can be applied to power battery disassembly manufacturers of different types and sizes, and has good market application prospects and promotion value.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency power battery disassembly tail gas treatment system, characterized in that: include: An exhaust gas conveying pipeline for conveying exhaust gas, a bag dust collector (03) for receiving the exhaust gas conveyed by the exhaust gas conveying pipeline, a condensing tower (05) for receiving the exhaust gas discharged from the bag dust collector (03), a combustion furnace (08) for receiving the exhaust gas discharged from the condensing tower (05), an alkali washing regulating tower (09) for receiving the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion furnace (08), a quenching tower (04) for receiving the exhaust gas discharged from the alkali washing regulating tower (09), a water spraying device (11) for receiving the exhaust gas discharged from the quenching tower (04), and an active adsorption box (02) for receiving the exhaust gas discharged from the water spraying device (11).

2. The high-efficiency power battery disassembly tail gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail gas conveying pipeline is connected to the bag dust collector (03) to convey the tail gas to be treated to the bag dust collector (03), and the bag dust collector (03) removes dust in the tail gas in advance; The bag filter (03) is connected to the condensation tower (05) to transport the exhaust gas from which dust has been removed to the condensation tower (05), and the condensation tower (05) cools the incoming exhaust gas to condense the organic solvent in the exhaust gas; The condensation tower (05) is connected to the combustion furnace (08) so that the tail gas cooled by the condensation tower (05) enters the combustion furnace (08), and the combustion furnace (08) catalytically burns the entering tail gas to oxidize and decompose the combustible substances in the tail gas; The combustion furnace (08) is connected to the alkali washing regulating tower (09) so that the tail gas discharged from the combustion furnace (08) enters the alkali washing regulating tower (09), and the alkali washing regulating tower (09) washes the entering tail gas with alkaline water to neutralize the acidic pollutants in the tail gas; The alkali washing regulating tower (09) is connected to the quenching tower (04) so ​​that the tail gas after being washed with alkaline water in the alkali washing regulating tower (09) enters the quenching tower (04), and the quenching tower (04) cools the incoming tail gas to condense the organic solvent in the tail gas; The quenching tower (04) is connected to the water spraying device (11) so that the exhaust gas after being cooled by the quenching tower (04) enters the water spraying device (11), and the water spraying device (11) cleans the incoming exhaust gas to remove water-soluble pollutants in the exhaust gas and reduce the exhaust gas temperature; The water spray device (11) is connected to the active adsorption box (02) to transport the sprayed tail gas to the active adsorption box (02), and the active adsorption box (02) adsorbs volatile organic matter in the incoming tail gas.

3. The high-efficiency power battery disassembly tail gas treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The active adsorption box (02) is connected to the tail gas discharge channel (01) so that the treated tail gas can be discharged through the tail gas discharge channel (01).

4. The high-efficiency power battery disassembly tail gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A UV blue light filtering element is arranged in the active adsorption box (02).

5. The high-efficiency power battery disassembly tail gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active adsorption box (02) comprises a box body and an active adsorption element arranged in the box body, wherein the active adsorption element is activated carbon.

6. The high-efficiency power battery disassembly tail gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a waste liquid recovery container (06), which is connected to the condensation tower (05) to recover the waste liquid discharged from the condensation tower (05).

7. A high-efficiency power battery disassembly tail gas treatment system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: It also includes an alkali liquid tank (13) connected to the water spraying device (11) to receive water discharged from the water spraying device (11), a filtering device (14) connected to the alkali liquid tank (13) to receive water discharged from the alkali liquid tank (13), and a water tank (12) connected to the filtering device (14) to receive water discharged from the filtering device (14).

8. The high-efficiency power battery disassembly tail gas treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of water spray devices (11) are provided, and the exhaust ports of the water spray devices (11) are sequentially connected in series to form multiple sprays for the incoming exhaust gas.

9. The high-efficiency power battery disassembly tail gas treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each water spray device (11) has a corresponding alkali liquid tank (13) for receiving the drainage water.

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