Extrusion production method for aluminum profile of water-cooling plate of new energy automobile

Abstract

The invention provides a new energy automobile water cooling plate aluminum profile extrusion production method which comprises the steps of burdening, casting, cast rod homogenization, extrusion, profile quenching and cutting, aging treatment and the like, in the extrusion process, an extrusion die comprises a slab ingot forming guide plate, an upper die and a lower die, a round cast ingot is subjected to one-time forming through the slab ingot forming guide plate, and the round cast ingot is subjected to one-time forming through the upper die and the lower die; the method comprises the following steps: carrying out primary molding on a round cast ingot, extruding the round cast ingot into a flat cast ingot after primary molding, carrying out secondary molding on the flat cast ingot through an upper die and a lower die to obtain a profile after secondary molding, heating the extrusion die at 490-510 DEG C, heating the round cast ingot at 510-530 DEG C, and controlling the shaft speed of an extruder at 0.5-0.7 mm / s. A three-layer die structure is adopted in extrusion, a slab ingot forming guide plate is additionally arranged, the extrusion coefficient is reduced and the welding pressure is improved through two extrusion forming stages, it is guaranteed that the flow speed of metal at all positions of the profile is uniform, the profile is more easily formed, and the forming effect and the size precision of the new energy automobile water-cooling plate profile are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to the technical field of aluminum alloys, and specifically discloses a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy has become the preferred material for manufacturing structural parts in new energy vehicles due to its excellent mechanical properties and good corrosion resistance. In particular, in the thermal management system of power batteries, liquid cooling solutions are favored for their efficient heat dissipation capabilities. As the core component of the liquid cooling system, the design and manufacturing quality of the water-cooling plate directly affect the heat dissipation efficiency and stability of the entire system. However, the manufacturing process of the water-cooling plate faces a series of challenges. First, the design of the water-cooling plate requires it to have a complex cross-sectional shape to adapt to different cooling requirements and spatial layouts. These complex shapes include multiple water-cooling channels and thin-walled structures, which make the forming of aluminum profiles during the extrusion process extremely difficult. Since the aluminum profile needs to be plastically deformed by the die during the extrusion process, and the complex cross-sectional shape requires the die to have high precision and complex structural design, this not only increases the design and manufacturing costs of the die, but also increases the wear rate of the die. Secondly, the wall thickness of the water-cooling plate is relatively thin, which makes it easy to produce defects such as cracks, deformation or dimensional deviation during the extrusion process. When the thin-walled structure is subjected to large extrusion stress, it is more likely to undergo local plastic deformation, resulting in unstable product dimensions and affecting the overall performance and service life of the product. In addition, the thin-walled structure also increases the difficulty of cooling during the extrusion process, because uneven cooling may cause residual stress inside the material, which in turn affects the dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties of the product. Furthermore, due to the increasing requirements of new energy vehicles for power battery performance, the quality requirements of water-cooled plates have also increased. This means that during the extrusion process, not only the dimensional accuracy of the product must be guaranteed, but also the microstructure and mechanical properties of the material must meet high standards. This requires precise control of the extrusion process parameters and strict inspection of the extruded products. Finally, the manufacturing cost of the water-cooled plate is also an important factor to be considered in the extrusion production process. Due to the high mold cost, low production efficiency and high product quality requirements, these directly affect the overall manufacturing cost of the water-cooled plate. Therefore, how to optimize the production process while ensuring product quality has become a key issue that needs to be solved in the water-cooled plate manufacturing process. In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is necessary to study and design a new type of aluminum profile extrusion production method for new energy vehicle water-cooled plates to overcome the problems existing in the existing water-cooled plate extrusion production process. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems faced by the existing extrusion production process of water-cooling plates, such as difficult molding, large dimensional deviation, and quality control, the present invention proposes an extrusion production method for aluminum profiles of water-cooling plates for new energy vehicles.

[0004] The present invention provides a method for extruding and producing aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Ingredients: Prepare aluminum alloy raw materials according to the following weight ratios: Si: 0.55% to 0.61%, Fe: ≤0.40%, Cu: ≤0.25%, Mn: 0.03 to 0.10%, Mg: 0.85% to 0.95%, Cr: ≤0.15%, Zn: ≤0.13%, single impurity ≤0.05%, total impurity ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al;

[0006] S2. Casting: The aluminum alloy raw material prepared in step S1 is placed in a smelting furnace for casting to obtain a cast rod;

[0007] S3. Homogenizing the cast rods: homogenizing the cast rods obtained in step S2 to obtain round ingots;

[0008] S4. Extrusion: placing the round ingot in step S3 into an extruder for extrusion to obtain a profile, wherein the extrusion die comprises a flat ingot forming guide plate, an upper die and a lower die, the round ingot is subjected to primary forming by the flat ingot forming guide plate, and is extruded into a flat ingot after the primary forming, the flat ingot is subjected to secondary forming by the upper die and the lower die, and the profile is obtained after the secondary forming, the heating temperature of the extrusion die is 490°C-510°C, the heating temperature of the round ingot is 510°C-530°C, and the shaft speed of the extruder is 0.5mm / s-0.7mm / s;

[0009] S5. Profile quenching and cutting: The profile obtained in step S4 is quenched, the cooling method during quenching is air cooling, the quenching temperature is 515-560°C, the quenched profile is obtained, and the quenched profile is cut into a specified length;

[0010] S6. Aging treatment: The profile cut in step S5 is subjected to aging treatment at an aging temperature of 172° C. to 178° C. for 8 hours to obtain a water-cooled aluminum profile.

[0011] According to a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles in some embodiments of the present application, in step S1, the ingredients are: Si: 0.58% to 0.60%, Fe: ≤0.20%, Cu: ≤0.15%, Mn: 0.07 to 0.09%, Mg: 0.90% to 0.92%, Cr: ≤0.12%, Zn: ≤0.10%, single impurity ≤0.05%, total impurities ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles is provided. In the step S2, during melting and casting, a semi-continuous casting method is adopted for melting and casting, foam ceramics are used for filtration during the melting and casting process, and Al-Ti-B wire is used for grain refinement. The melting temperature is 710°C-760°C, the refining temperature is 730°C-750°C, the amount of refining agent is 1.5kg / TAl, the refining time is 25min, the slagging temperature is 733°C, the converter temperature is 750°C, the standing temperature is 720°C, the waste addition amount is ≤10%, and the hydrogen element is 0.15ml / 100g.

[0013] According to a method for producing an extrusion of aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles in some embodiments of the present application, in step S3, the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 560° C., and the time of the homogenization treatment is 10 hours.

[0014] According to a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles in some embodiments of the present application, in step S3, the round ingot is a Φ582 mm round ingot.

[0015] According to a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles in some embodiments of the present application, in step S4, a through hole is provided at the center of the flat ingot-forming guide plate, and the cross-sectional shape of the through hole is a quadrilateral with convex arcs on the left and right sides and straight lines on the upper and lower sides.

[0016] According to a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles in some embodiments of the present application, in step S4, the ratio of the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the flat ingot forming guide plate to the cross-sectional area of ​​the round ingot is 70% to 74%.

[0017] According to a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles in some embodiments of the present application, in step S4, the upper die is provided with a diverter bridge and a diverter hole; the diverter bridge is used to cooperate with the lower die to control the metal feeding speed and divert the metal; the diverter hole is used to guide the metal and supply the metal to various working zones.

[0018] The present invention proposes an extrusion production method for aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles. By adjusting the ratio of aluminum alloy raw materials, the fluidity of the alloy can be improved while ensuring the mechanical properties of the profile, and the filling capacity can be improved. A three-layer mold structure is adopted in the extrusion, and a flat ingot forming guide plate is added. The extrusion coefficient is reduced and the welding pressure is increased through two extrusion forming stages, so that the metal flow rate at various positions of the profile can be ensured to be uniform, the profile can be made easier to form, and the forming effect and dimensional accuracy of the water-cooling plate profiles of new energy vehicles are greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the extrusion die of the present invention is intended;

[0021] Figure 3 The explosive structure intention of the extrusion die of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the aluminum profile of the water-cooling plate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a high-magnification microstructure test image of the water-cooled plate aluminum profile produced in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a high-magnification microstructure test image of the water-cooled plate aluminum profile produced in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a high-magnification microstructure test image of the water-cooled plate aluminum profile produced in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a high-magnification microstructure test image of the water-cooled plate aluminum profile produced in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 This is a high-magnification microstructure test image of the water-cooled plate aluminum profile produced in Example 7 of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 This is a high-magnification microstructure test image of the water-cooled plate aluminum profile produced in Example 8 of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.11 This is a high-magnification microstructure test image of the water-cooled plate aluminum profile produced in Example 9 of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.12 This is a high-magnification microstructure test image of the water-cooled plate aluminum profile produced in Example 10 of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.13 This is a high-magnification microstructure test image of the water-cooled plate aluminum profile produced in Example 11 of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.14 This is a high-magnification microstructure test image of the water-cooled plate aluminum profile produced in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.15 This is a high-magnification microstructure test image of the water-cooled plate aluminum profile produced in Comparative Example 3 of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Ingot forming guide plate, 2. Upper die, 3. Lower die, 4. Diverter bridge, 5. Diverter hole, 6. Water-cooled plate aluminum profile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a new energy vehicle water cooling plate aluminum profile extrusion production method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0037] S1. Ingredients: Prepare aluminum alloy raw materials according to the following weight ratios: Si: 0.55% to 0.61%, Fe: ≤0.40%, Cu: ≤0.25%, Mn: 0.03 to 0.10%, Mg: 0.85% to 0.95%, Cr: ≤0.15%, Zn: ≤0.13%, single impurity ≤0.05%, total impurity ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al;

[0038] S2. Casting: The aluminum alloy raw material prepared in step S1 is placed in a smelting furnace for casting to obtain a cast rod;

[0039] S3. Cast rod homogenization: The cast rod obtained in step S2 is homogenized to obtain a round ingot;

[0040] S4. Extrusion: The round ingot in step S3 is placed in an extruder for extrusion to obtain a profile, wherein the extrusion die is as follows Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes a flat ingot forming guide plate 1, an upper die 2 and a lower die 3. The round ingot is formed once by the flat ingot forming guide plate 1, and is extruded into a flat ingot after the first forming. The flat ingot is secondarily formed by the upper die 2 and the lower die 3, and a profile is obtained after the second forming. The heating temperature of the extrusion die is 490°C-510°C, the heating temperature of the round ingot is 510°C-530°C, and the shaft speed of the extruder is 0.5mm / s-0.7mm / s. Due to the large profile width, many water cooling channels, and thin wall thickness of the new energy vehicle water-cooling plate, the round ingot extrusion faces a large degree of deformation, a large mold pressure, and low production efficiency during the production process. The flat ingot extrusion also has a phenomenon of reduced welding pressure. In this embodiment, the flat ingot forming guide plate 1 is set to make the round ingot undergo secondary extrusion, thereby reducing the extrusion coefficient and increasing the welding pressure, thereby greatly improving the forming effect and dimensional accuracy of the aluminum profile of the new energy vehicle water-cooling plate.

[0041] S5. Profile quenching and cutting: The profile obtained in step S4 is quenched, the cooling method during quenching is air cooling, the quenching temperature is 515-560°C, and the quenched profile is obtained, and the quenched profile is cut into a specified length;

[0042] S6. Aging treatment: The profile cut in step S5 is subjected to aging treatment at an aging temperature of 172° C. to 178° C. for 8 hours to obtain a water-cooled aluminum profile.

[0043] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles, comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1. Ingredients: Prepare aluminum alloy raw materials according to the following weight ratios: Si: 0.55% to 0.61%, Fe: ≤0.40%, Cu: ≤0.25%, Mn: 0.03 to 0.10%, Mg: 0.85% to 0.95%, Cr: ≤0.15%, Zn: ≤0.13%, single impurity ≤0.05%, total impurity ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al;

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the ingredients can be: Si: 0.58%~0.60%, Fe: ≤0.20%, Cu: ≤0.15%, Mn: 0.07~0.09%, Mg: 0.90%~0.92%, Cr: ≤0.12%, Zn: ≤0.10%, single impurity ≤0.05%, total impurities ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al.

[0046] The main strengthening item of the aluminum alloy in the present invention is Mg2Si. When the content of silicon and magnesium is too high, the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the material will decrease. Therefore, the Si content is controlled at 0.55% to 0.61%, the Mg content is controlled at 0.85% to 0.95%, and the Mn content is strictly controlled. Mn reduces the strengthening effect of the alloy because Mn and Si form AlMnSi phases, which loses a part of Si required to form Mg2Si phases.

[0047] S2. Casting: The aluminum alloy raw material prepared in step S1 is placed in a smelting furnace for casting to obtain a cast rod;

[0048] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, specifically, during the melting and casting, a semi-continuous casting method is used for melting and casting, foam ceramics are used for filtration during the melting and casting process, Al-Ti-B wire is used for grain refinement, the melting temperature is 710°C-760°C, the refining temperature is 730°C-750°C, the amount of refining agent is 1.5kg / TAl, the refining time is 25min, the slagging temperature is 733°C, the converter temperature is 750°C, the standing temperature is 720°C, the waste addition amount is ≤10%, and the hydrogen element is 0.15ml / 100g;

[0049] S3. Cast rod homogenization: The cast rod obtained in step S2 is homogenized to obtain a round ingot;

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, specifically, the homogenization temperature is 560° C., and the homogenization time is 10 h; the produced round ingot is a Φ582 mm round ingot; the homogenization treatment can eliminate the internal stress of the round ingot, promote the dissolution of the non-equilibrium solidified phase in the round ingot, and uniformly distribute the chemical composition;

[0051] S4. Extrusion: placing the round ingot in step S3 into an extruder for extrusion to obtain a profile, wherein the extrusion die comprises a flat ingot forming guide plate 1, an upper die 2 and a lower die 3, the round ingot is subjected to primary forming by the flat ingot forming guide plate 1, and is extruded into a flat ingot after the primary forming, the flat ingot is subjected to secondary forming by the upper die 2 and the lower die 3, and a profile is obtained after the secondary forming, the heating temperature of the extrusion die is 490°C-510°C, the heating temperature of the round ingot is 510°C-530°C, and the shaft speed of the extruder is 0.5mm / s-0.7mm / s;

[0052] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a through hole is provided in the center of the flat ingot forming guide plate 1, and the cross-sectional shape of the through hole is a quadrilateral with convex arcs on the left and right sides and straight lines on the upper and lower sides; the ratio of the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the flat ingot forming guide plate 1 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the round ingot is 70% to 74%; the upper die 2 is provided with a diverter bridge 4 and a diverter hole 5; the diverter bridge 4 is used to cooperate with the lower die 3 to control the metal feeding speed and divert; the diverter hole 5 is used to guide the metal and supply the metal to various working zones; by setting the flat ingot forming guide plate 1 for one-time forming, the extrusion coefficient can be reduced and the static pressure of the metal flow can be increased. By cooperating between the flat ingot forming guide plate 1, the upper die 2 and the lower die 3, the metal flow rate at various positions of the profile can be ensured to be uniform and the production process can be strictly monitored; in addition, by setting the flat ingot forming guide plate 1, the pressure on the extrusion die as a whole can be reduced, the service life of the extrusion die can be increased, the welding pressure can be increased while the extrusion coefficient is reduced, and the forming effect and dimensional accuracy of the water-cooled plate aluminum profile can be improved;

[0053] S5. Profile quenching and cutting: The profile obtained in step S4 is quenched, the cooling method during quenching is air cooling, the quenching temperature is 515-560°C, and the quenched profile is obtained, and the quenched profile is cut into a specified length;

[0054] S6. Aging treatment: The profile cut in step S5 is subjected to aging treatment at an aging temperature of 172°C to 178°C for 8 hours to obtain a water-cooled aluminum profile. Preferably, the aging temperature is 175°C.

[0055] Embodiment 3, this embodiment provides a new energy vehicle water cooling plate aluminum profile extrusion production method, using the extruder and extrusion die used in embodiment 2 for extrusion, but in this embodiment, the ratio of the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the flat ingot forming guide plate 1 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the round ingot is 73.8%, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1. Ingredients: Prepare aluminum alloy raw materials according to the following weight ratios: Si: 0.58%, Fe: 0.13%, Cu: 0.20%, Mn: 0.05%, Mg: 0.92%, Cr: 0.10%, Zn: 0.02%, total impurities: 0.05%, and the balance is Al;

[0057] The main strengthening item of the aluminum alloy in the present invention is Mg2Si. When the content of silicon and magnesium is too high, the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the material will decrease. Therefore, the Si content is controlled at 0.55% to 0.61%, the Mg content is controlled at 0.85% to 0.95%, and the Mn content is strictly controlled. Mn reduces the strengthening effect of the alloy because Mn and Si form AlMnSi phases, which loses a part of Si required to form Mg2Si phases.

[0058] S2. Melting and casting: melting temperature is 710℃-760℃, refining temperature is 730℃-750℃, refining agent dosage is 1.5kg / TAl, refining time is 25min, slag removal temperature is 733℃, converter temperature is 750℃, standing temperature is 720℃, waste addition is less than 10%, and the slag content of the cast rod meets the secondary requirements of GB / T32186-2015. Hydrogen element 0.15ml / 100g;

[0059] S3. Homogenization of cast rods: The cast rods obtained in step S2 were homogenized to obtain round ingots. The homogenization temperature was 560°C, the holding time was 10h, and the round ingots were Φ582mm round ingots.

[0060] S4. Extrusion: The round ingot in step S3 is placed in an extruder for extrusion to obtain a profile, wherein the extrusion die includes a flat ingot forming guide plate 1, an upper die 2 and a lower die 3, the ratio of the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the flat ingot forming guide plate 1 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the round ingot is 73.8%, and a 125MN double-action horizontal aluminum extruder is used to produce a 522mm×9.5mm, 2-2.5mm wall thickness multi-cavity new energy vehicle water-cooling plate aluminum profile, the cross-section of the water-cooling plate aluminum profile 6 is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the extruder shaft speed is 0.6 mm / s, the round ingot heating temperature is 519°C, the extrusion die heating temperature is 495°C, and the extrusion barrel temperature is 422°C;

[0061] S5. Profile quenching and cutting: The profile obtained in step S4 is quenched, the cooling method during quenching is air cooling, the quenching temperature is 524°C, the quenched profile is obtained, and the quenched profile is cut into a specified length;

[0062] S6. Aging treatment: The profile cut in step S5 is subjected to aging treatment at an aging temperature of 175° C. for an aging time of 8 h to obtain a water-cooled aluminum profile.

[0063] Mechanical properties test: Testing equipment: AG-X 100KN electronic universal testing machine. Test method: GB / T16865-2013 Specimens and methods for tensile testing of deformed aluminum, magnesium and their alloy products. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 1:

[0064] Table 1 Mechanical properties results

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] High-magnification structure inspection: Test equipment: AXIO universal research-grade inverted material microscope. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.1-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 1: Microstructure inspection method. One piece was randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profile for testing. The test results are shown in Table 2 and Figure 5 shown.

[0068] Table 2 High magnification microstructure

[0069]

[0070] Fusion test: Test equipment: aluminum profile pressure testing machine. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T32790-2016 Aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion weld performance test method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 3:

[0071] Table 3 Fusion test

[0072]

[0073] Macroscopic test: alkaline corrosive liquid for testing equipment. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.2-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 2: Macroscopic structure inspection method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 4:

[0074] Table 4 Macroscopic tissue test

[0075]

[0076] Example 4. This example provides a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates for new energy vehicles. The extruder and extrusion die used in Example 3 are used for extrusion, and the experimental steps and conditions are the same as those in Example 3. The difference from Example 3 is that in this example, the ratio of the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the flat ingot forming guide plate 1 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the round ingot is 72%. The test results of the aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates produced in this example are as follows:

[0077] Mechanical properties test: Testing equipment: AG-X 100KN electronic universal testing machine. Test method: GB / T16865-2013 Specimens and methods for tensile testing of deformed aluminum, magnesium and their alloy products. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 5:

[0078] Table 5 Mechanical properties results

[0079]

[0080] High-magnification structure inspection: Test equipment: AXIO universal research-grade inverted material microscope. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.1-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 1: Microstructure inspection method. One piece was randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profile for testing. The test results are shown in Table 6 and Figure 6 shown.

[0081] Table 6 High magnification microstructure

[0082]

[0083] Fusion test: Test equipment: aluminum profile pressure testing machine. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T32790-2016 Aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion weld performance test method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 7:

[0084] Table 7 Fusion test

[0085]

[0086] Macroscopic test: alkaline corrosive liquid for testing equipment. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.2-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 2: Macroscopic structure inspection method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 8:

[0087] Table 8 Macrostructure test

[0088]

[0089] Example 5. This example provides a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates for new energy vehicles. The extruder and extrusion die used in Example 3 are used for extrusion, and the experimental steps and conditions are the same as those in Example 3. The difference from Example 3 is that in this example, the ratio of the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the flat ingot forming guide plate 1 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the round ingot is 74%. The test results of the aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates produced in this example are as follows:

[0090] Mechanical properties test: Testing equipment: AG-X 100KN electronic universal testing machine. Test method: GB / T16865-2013 Specimens and methods for tensile testing of deformed aluminum, magnesium and their alloy products. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 9:

[0091] Table 9 Mechanical properties results

[0092]

[0093] High-magnification structure inspection: Test equipment: AXIO universal research-grade inverted material microscope. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.1-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 1: Microstructure inspection method. One piece was randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profile for testing. The test results are shown in Table 10 and Figure 7 shown.

[0094] Table 10 High magnification microstructure

[0095]

[0096] Fusion test: Test equipment: Aluminum profile pressure testing machine. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T32790-2016 Aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion weld performance test method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 11:

[0097] Table 11 Fusion test

[0098]

[0099] Macroscopic test: alkaline corrosive liquid for testing equipment. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.2-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 2: Macroscopic structure inspection method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 12:

[0100] Table 12 Macroscopic tissue test

[0101]

[0102] Example 6. This example provides a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles. The extruder and extrusion die used in Example 3 are used for extrusion, and the experimental steps and conditions are the same as those in Example 3. The difference from Example 3 is that in this example, the shaft speed of the extruder is 0.5 mm / s. The test results of the aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates produced in this example are as follows:

[0103] Mechanical properties test: Testing equipment: AG-X 100KN electronic universal testing machine. Test method: GB / T16865-2013 Specimens and methods for tensile testing of deformed aluminum, magnesium and their alloy products. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 13:

[0104] Table 13 Mechanical properties results

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] High-magnification structure inspection: Test equipment: AXIO universal research-grade inverted material microscope. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.1-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 1: Microstructure inspection method. One piece of water-cooled plate aluminum profile was randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profile for testing. The test results are shown in Table 14 and Figure 8 shown.

[0108] Table 14 High magnification microstructure

[0109]

[0110] Fusion test: Test equipment: aluminum profile pressure testing machine. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T32790-2016 Aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion weld performance test method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 15:

[0111] Table 15 Fusion test

[0112]

[0113] Macroscopic test: alkaline corrosive liquid for testing equipment. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.2-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 2: Macroscopic structure inspection method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 16:

[0114] Table 16 Macroscopic tissue test

[0115]

[0116] Example 7. This example provides a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles. The extruder and extrusion die used in Example 3 are used for extrusion, and the experimental steps and conditions are the same as those in Example 3. The difference from Example 3 is that in this example, the shaft speed of the extruder is 0.7 mm / s. The test results of the aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates produced in this example are as follows:

[0117] Mechanical properties test: Testing equipment: AG-X 100KN electronic universal testing machine. Test method: GB / T16865-2013 Specimens and methods for tensile testing of deformed aluminum, magnesium and their alloy products. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 17:

[0118] Table 17 Mechanical properties results

[0119]

[0120] High-magnification structure inspection: Test equipment: AXIO universal research-grade inverted material microscope. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.1-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 1: Microstructure inspection method. One piece was randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profile for testing. The test results are shown in Table 18 and Fig. 9 shown.

[0121] Table 18 High magnification microstructure

[0122]

[0123] Fusion test: Test equipment: Aluminum profile pressure testing machine. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T32790-2016 Aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion weld performance test method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 19:

[0124] Table 19 Fusion test

[0125]

[0126] Macroscopic test: alkaline corrosive liquid for testing equipment. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.2-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 2: Macroscopic structure inspection method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 20:

[0127] Table 20 Macroscopic tissue test

[0128]

[0129] Example 8. This example provides an extrusion production method for a water-cooling plate aluminum profile for a new energy vehicle. The extruder and extrusion die used in Example 3 are used for extrusion, and the experimental steps and conditions are the same as those in Example 3. The difference from Example 3 is that the ingredients in this example are: Si: 0.55%, Fe: ≤0.40%, Cu: ≤0.25%, Mn: 0.03%, Mg: 0.85%, Cr: ≤0.15%, Zn: ≤0.13%, single impurity ≤0.05%, total impurity ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al. The test results of the water-cooling plate aluminum profile produced in this example are as follows:

[0130] Mechanical properties test: Testing equipment: AG-X 100KN electronic universal testing machine. Test method: GB / T16865-2013 Specimens and methods for tensile testing of deformed aluminum, magnesium and their alloy products. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 21:

[0131] Table 21 Mechanical properties results

[0132]

[0133] High-magnification structure inspection: Test equipment: AXIO universal research-grade inverted material microscope. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.1-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 1: Microstructure inspection method. One piece of water-cooled plate aluminum profile was randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profile for testing. The test results are shown in Table 22 and Fig.10 shown.

[0134] Table 22 High magnification microstructure

[0135]

[0136] Fusion test: Test equipment: aluminum profile pressure testing machine. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T32790-2016 Aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion weld performance test method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 23:

[0137] Table 23 Fusion test

[0138]

[0139] Macroscopic test: alkaline corrosive liquid for testing equipment. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.2-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 2: Macroscopic structure inspection method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 24:

[0140] Table 24 Macroscopic tissue test

[0141]

[0142] Example 9. This example provides an extrusion production method for a water-cooling plate aluminum profile for a new energy vehicle. The extruder and extrusion die used in Example 3 are used for extrusion, and the experimental steps and conditions are the same as those in Example 3. The difference from Example 3 is that in this example, the ingredients are: Si: 0.61%, Fe: ≤0.40%, Cu: ≤0.25%, Mn: 0.10%, Mg: 0.95%, Cr: ≤0.15%, Zn: ≤0.13%, single impurity ≤0.05%, total impurity ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al. The test results of the water-cooling plate aluminum profile produced in this example are as follows:

[0143] Mechanical properties test: Testing equipment: AG-X 100KN electronic universal testing machine. Test method: GB / T16865-2013 Specimens and methods for tensile testing of deformed aluminum, magnesium and their alloy products. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 25:

[0144] Table 25 Mechanical properties results

[0145]

[0146]

[0147] High-magnification structure inspection: Test equipment: AXIO universal research-grade inverted material microscope. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.1-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 1: Microstructure inspection method. One piece of water-cooled plate aluminum profile was randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profile for testing. The test results are shown in Table 26 and Fig.11 shown.

[0148] Table 26 High magnification microstructure

[0149]

[0150] Fusion test: Test equipment: Aluminum profile pressure testing machine. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T32790-2016 Aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion weld performance test method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 27:

[0151] Table 27 Fusion test

[0152]

[0153] Macroscopic test: alkaline corrosive liquid for testing equipment. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.2-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 2: Macroscopic structure inspection method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 28:

[0154] Table 28 Macrostructure Test

[0155]

[0156] Example 10. This example provides a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates for new energy vehicles. The extruder and extrusion die used in Example 3 are used for extrusion, and the experimental steps and conditions are the same as those in Example 3. The difference from Example 3 is that in this example, the ingredients are: Si: 0.58%, Fe: ≤0.20%, Cu: ≤0.15%, Mn: 0.07%, Mg: 0.90%, Cr: ≤0.12%, Zn: ≤0.10%, single impurity ≤0.05%, total impurity ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al. The test results of the aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates produced in this example are as follows:

[0157] Mechanical properties test: Testing equipment: AG-X 100KN electronic universal testing machine. Test method: GB / T16865-2013 Specimens and methods for tensile testing of deformed aluminum, magnesium and their alloy products. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 29:

[0158] Table 29 Mechanical properties results

[0159]

[0160] High-magnification structure inspection: Test equipment: AXIO universal research-grade inverted material microscope. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.1-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 1: Microstructure inspection method. One piece of water-cooled plate aluminum profile was randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profile for testing. The test results are shown in Table 30 and Fig.12 shown.

[0161] Table 30 High magnification metallographic structure

[0162]

[0163] Fusion test: Test equipment: aluminum profile pressure testing machine. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T32790-2016 Aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion weld performance test method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 31:

[0164] Table 31 Fusion test

[0165]

[0166] Macroscopic test: alkaline corrosive liquid for testing equipment. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.2-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 2: Macroscopic structure inspection method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 32:

[0167] Table 32 Macroscopic tissue test

[0168]

[0169] Example 11. This example provides an extrusion production method for a water-cooling plate aluminum profile for a new energy vehicle. The extruder and extrusion die used in Example 3 are used for extrusion, and the experimental steps and conditions are the same as those in Example 3. The difference from Example 3 is that in this example, the ingredients are: Si: 0.60%, Fe: ≤0.20%, Cu: ≤0.15%, Mn: 0.09%, Mg: 0.92%, Cr: ≤0.12%, Zn: ≤0.10%, single impurity ≤0.05%, total impurity ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al. The test results of the water-cooling plate aluminum profile produced in this example are as follows:

[0170] Mechanical properties test: Test equipment: AG-X 100KN electronic universal testing machine. Test method: GB / T16865-2013 Specimens and methods for tensile testing of deformed aluminum, magnesium and their alloy products. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 33:

[0171] Table 33 Mechanical properties results

[0172]

[0173] High-magnification structure inspection: Test equipment: AXIO universal research-grade inverted material microscope. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.1-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 1: Microstructure inspection method. One piece of water-cooled plate aluminum profile was randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profile for testing. The test results are shown in Table 34 and Fig.13 shown.

[0174] Table 34 High magnification microstructure

[0175]

[0176] Fusion test: Test equipment: Aluminum profile pressure testing machine. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T32790-2016 Aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion weld performance test method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 35:

[0177] Table 35 Fusion test

[0178]

[0179] Macroscopic test: alkaline corrosive liquid for testing equipment. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.2-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 2: Macroscopic structure inspection method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 36:

[0180] Table 36 Macrostructure Test

[0181]

[0182] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example provides a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles. The extruder and extrusion die used in Example 2 are used for extrusion. The ratio of the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the flat ingot-forming guide plate 1 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the round ingot is 69.1%. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0183] S1. Ingredients: Prepare aluminum alloy raw materials according to the following weight ratios: Si: 0.58%, Fe: 0.13%, Cu: 0.20%, Mn: 0.05%, Mg: 0.92%, Cr: 0.10%, Zn: 0.02%, total impurities: 0.05%, and the balance is Al;

[0184] S2. Melting and casting: melting temperature is 710℃-760℃, refining temperature is 730℃-750℃, refining agent dosage is 1.5kg / TAl, refining time is 25min, slag removal temperature is 733℃, converter temperature is 750℃, standing temperature is 720℃, waste addition is less than 10%, and the slag content of the cast rod meets the secondary requirements of GB / T32186-2015. Hydrogen element 0.15ml / 100g;

[0185] S3. Homogenization of cast rods: The cast rods obtained in step S2 were homogenized to obtain round ingots. The homogenization temperature was 560°C, the holding time was 10h, and the round ingots were Φ582mm round ingots.

[0186] S4. Extrusion: The round ingot in step S3 is placed in an extruder for extrusion to obtain a profile, wherein the extrusion die includes a flat ingot forming guide plate 1, an upper die 2 and a lower die 3, the ratio of the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the flat ingot forming guide plate 1 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the round ingot is 69.1%, and a 125MN double-action horizontal aluminum extruder is used to produce a 522mm×9.5mm, 2-2.5mm wall thickness multi-cavity new energy vehicle water-cooling plate aluminum profile, the cross-section of the water-cooling plate aluminum profile 6 is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the extruder shaft speed is 0.6 mm / s, the round ingot heating temperature is 519°C, the extrusion die heating temperature is 495°C, and the extrusion barrel temperature is 422°C;

[0187] S5. Profile quenching and cutting: The profile obtained in step S4 is quenched, the cooling method during quenching is air cooling, the quenching temperature is 524°C, the quenched profile is obtained, and the quenched profile is cut into a specified length;

[0188] S6. Aging treatment: The profile cut in step S5 is subjected to aging treatment at an aging temperature of 175° C. for an aging time of 8 h to obtain a water-cooled aluminum profile.

[0189] Mechanical properties test: Testing equipment: AG-X 100KN electronic universal testing machine. Test method: GB / T16865-2013 Specimens and methods for tensile testing of deformed aluminum, magnesium and their alloy products. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 37:

[0190] Table 37 Mechanical properties results

[0191]

[0192] High-magnification structure inspection: Test equipment: AXIO universal research-grade inverted material microscope. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.1-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 1: Microstructure inspection method. One piece of water-cooled plate aluminum profile was randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profile for testing. The test results are shown in Table 38 and Fig.14 shown.

[0193] Table 38 High magnification metallographic structure

[0194]

[0195] Fusion test: Test equipment: aluminum profile pressure testing machine. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T32790-2016 Aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion weld performance test method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 39:

[0196] Table 39 Fusion test

[0197]

[0198]

[0199] Macroscopic test: alkaline corrosive liquid for testing equipment. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.2-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 2: Macroscopic structure inspection method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 40:

[0200] Table 40 Macroscopic tissue test

[0201]

[0202] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example provides a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles. The extruder and extrusion die used in Example 3 are used for extrusion. The ratio of the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the flat ingot-forming guide plate 1 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the round ingot is 75.1%. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0203] S1. Ingredients: Prepare aluminum alloy raw materials according to the following weight ratios: Si: 0.58%, Fe: 0.13%, Cu: 0.20%, Mn: 0.05%, Mg: 0.92%, Cr: 0.10%, Zn: 0.02%, total impurities: 0.05%, and the balance is Al;

[0204] S2. Melting and casting: melting temperature is 710℃-760℃, refining temperature is 730℃-750℃, refining agent dosage is 1.5kg / TAl, refining time is 25min, slag removal temperature is 733℃, converter temperature is 750℃, standing temperature is 720℃, waste addition is less than 10%, and the slag content of the cast rod meets the secondary requirements of GB / T32186-2015. Hydrogen element 0.15ml / 100g;

[0205] S3. Homogenization of cast rods: The cast rods obtained in step S2 were homogenized to obtain round ingots. The homogenization temperature was 560°C, the holding time was 10h, and the round ingots were Φ582mm round ingots.

[0206] S4. Extrusion: The round ingot in step S3 is placed in an extruder for extrusion to obtain a profile, wherein the extrusion die includes a flat ingot forming guide plate 1, an upper die 2 and a lower die 3, the ratio of the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the flat ingot forming guide plate 1 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the round ingot is 75.1%, and a 125MN double-action horizontal aluminum extruder is used to produce a 522mm×9.5mm, 2-2.5mm wall thickness multi-cavity new energy vehicle water-cooling plate aluminum profile, the cross-section of the water-cooling plate aluminum profile is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the extruder shaft speed is 0.6 mm / s, the round ingot heating temperature is 519°C, the extrusion die heating temperature is 495°C, the extrusion barrel temperature is 422°C, the profile metal flow rate is uneven, the extruded product is not formed, and the extrusion fails.

[0207] Comparative Example 3: This comparative example provides a method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates for new energy vehicles. The extruder and extrusion die used in Example 3 are used for extrusion, and the experimental steps and conditions are the same as those in Example 3. The difference from Example 3 is that in this example, the shaft speed of the extruder is 0.4 mm / s. The test results of the aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates produced in this example are as follows:

[0208] Mechanical properties test: Testing equipment AG-X 100KN electronic universal testing machine. Test method GB / T16865-2013 Specimens and methods for tensile testing of deformed aluminum, magnesium and their alloy products. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 41. It can be seen that the extension strength, tensile strength and elongation after fracture are far worse than the results in Example 3:

[0209] Table 41 Mechanical properties results

[0210]

[0211] High-magnification structure inspection: Test equipment: AXIO universal research-grade inverted material microscope. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.1-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 1: Microstructure inspection method. One piece of water-cooled plate aluminum profile was randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profile for testing. The test results are shown in Table 42 and Fig.15 shown.

[0212] Table 42 High magnification metallographic structure

[0213]

[0214] Fusion test: Test equipment: Aluminum profile pressure testing machine. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T32790-2016 Aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion weld performance test method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 43:

[0215] Table 43 Fusion test

[0216]

[0217] Macroscopic test: alkaline corrosive liquid for testing equipment. Test standard: GB / T6892-2015 General industrial aluminum and aluminum alloy extrusion profiles. Test method: GB / T3246.2-2012 Deformed aluminum and aluminum alloy product structure inspection method Part 2: Macroscopic structure inspection method. Four pieces were randomly selected from the produced water-cooled plate aluminum profiles and numbered. The results are shown in Table 44:

[0218] Table 44 Macroscopic tissue test

[0219]

[0220] Comparative Example 4: This comparative example provides a method for extruding a water-cooling plate aluminum profile for a new energy vehicle. The extruder and extrusion die used in Example 3 are used for extrusion, and the experimental steps and conditions are the same as those in Example 3. The difference from Example 3 is that in this example, the shaft speed of the extruder is 0.8 mm / s. The results of the water-cooling plate aluminum profile produced in this example are as follows:

[0221] The round ingot is placed in an extruder for extrusion to obtain a profile, wherein the extrusion die includes a flat ingot forming guide plate 1, an upper die 2 and a lower die 3, the ratio of the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the flat ingot forming guide plate 1 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the round ingot is 73.8%, and a 125MN double-action horizontal aluminum extruder is used to produce a multi-cavity new energy vehicle water-cooling plate aluminum profile with a 522mm×9.5mm and a wall thickness of 2-2.5mm. The cross-sectional area of ​​the water-cooling plate aluminum profile is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the extruder shaft speed is 0.8 mm / s, the round ingot heating temperature is 519°C, the extrusion die heating temperature is 495°C, the extrusion barrel temperature is 422°C, the profile metal flow rate is uneven, the extruded product is not formed, and the extrusion fails.

[0222] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Ingredients: Prepare aluminum alloy raw materials according to the following weight ratios: Si: 0.55% to 0.61%, Fe: ≤0.40%, Cu: ≤0.25%, Mn: 0.03 to 0.10%, Mg: 0.85% to 0.95%, Cr: ≤0.15%, Zn: ≤0.13%, single impurity ≤0.05%, total impurity ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al; S2. Casting: The aluminum alloy raw material prepared in step S1 is placed in a smelting furnace for casting to obtain a cast rod; S3. Homogenizing the cast rods: homogenizing the cast rods obtained in step S2 to obtain round ingots; S4. Extrusion: placing the round ingot in step S3 into an extruder for extrusion to obtain a profile, wherein the extrusion die comprises a flat ingot forming guide plate (1), an upper die (2) and a lower die (3), the round ingot is subjected to primary forming by the flat ingot forming guide plate (1), and is extruded into a flat ingot after the primary forming, the flat ingot is subjected to secondary forming by the upper die (2) and the lower die (3), and the profile is obtained after the secondary forming, the heating temperature of the extrusion die is 490°C-510°C, the heating temperature of the round ingot is 510°C-530°C, and the shaft speed of the extruder is 0.5mm / s-0.7mm / s; S5. Profile quenching and cutting: The profile obtained in step S4 is quenched, the cooling method during quenching is air cooling, the quenching temperature is 515-560°C, the quenched profile is obtained, and the quenched profile is cut into a specified length; S6. Aging treatment: The profile cut in step S5 is subjected to aging treatment at an aging temperature of 172° C. to 178° C. for 8 hours to obtain a water-cooled aluminum profile.

2. The method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S1, the ingredients are: Si: 0.58% to 0.60%, Fe: ≤0.20%, Cu: ≤0.15%, Mn: 0.07 to 0.09%, Mg: 0.90% to 0.92%, Cr: ≤0.12%, Zn: ≤0.10%, single impurity ≤0.05%, total impurity ≤0.15%, and the balance is Al.

3. The method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S2, during the melting and casting, a semi-continuous casting method is adopted for melting and casting, foam ceramics are used for filtration during the melting and casting process, Al-Ti-B wire is used for grain refinement, the melting temperature is 710°C-760°C, the refining temperature is 730°C-750°C, the amount of refining agent is 1.5kg / TAl, the refining time is 25min, the slagging temperature is 733°C, the converter temperature is 750°C, the standing temperature is 720°C, the waste addition amount is ≤10%, and the hydrogen element is 0.15ml / 100g.

4. The method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the temperature of the homogenization treatment is 560° C., and the time of the homogenization treatment is 10 hours.

5. The method for extruding and producing aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, the round ingot is a Φ582 mm round ingot.

6. The method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S4, a through hole is provided at the center of the flat ingot forming guide plate (1), and the cross-sectional shape of the through hole is a quadrilateral with left and right sides being convex arcs and upper and lower sides being straight lines.

7. The method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step S4, the ratio of the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the flat ingot forming guide plate (1) to the cross-sectional area of ​​the round ingot is 70% to 74%.

8. The method for extruding aluminum profiles for water-cooling plates of new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, the upper die (2) is provided with a diverter bridge (4) and a diverter hole (5); the diverter bridge (4) is used to cooperate with the lower die (3) to control the metal feeding speed and divert the metal; the diverter hole (5) is used to guide the metal and supply the metal to various working zones.

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