Grinding wheel for powerful grinding of screw and using method of grinding wheel

Abstract

The invention provides a grinding wheel for powerful grinding of a screw and a using method of the grinding wheel. The grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel base body and an electroplated layer arranged on the grinding wheel base body. A plurality of sections are arranged on the grinding surface of the grinding wheel, and the sections comprise rough grinding sections and accurate grinding sections which are arranged in sequence. The grinding wheel is arranged to be of a coarse-fine integrated structure, coarse-fine integrated grinding can be achieved, repeated positioning errors are eliminated, the technology is simplified, and the machining precision and efficiency are improved; according to the invention, a plurality of grinding sections are arranged, and the sections adopt different particle sizes to form a rough grinding section and a fine grinding section, so that the effect of rough and fine integrated grinding is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of superhard materials, and in particular to a high pressure transmission structure for a six-sided top press. Background Art

[0002] The steering screw is a key component in the automobile steering system, and its product quality directly determines the reliability and safety of the automobile. When the screw is working, the ball contacts the nut, rolling friction occurs, and impact occurs from time to time. In severe cases, the steering gear may get stuck, causing serious accidents. Therefore, the steering screw is required to have good wear resistance and impact toughness, which is closely related to the screw processing technology.

[0003] In the machining of steering screw raceways, grinding is one of the key processes. Improper grinding technology directly affects the shape accuracy and surface quality of the raceways. At present, the grinding technology of steering screw raceways mostly adopts the method of using a rough grinding wheel for rough grinding and then using a fine grinding wheel for fine grinding. This grinding process requires repeated clamping of the workpiece and tool alignment during the machining process, which will waste time and produce clamping errors, resulting in low machining efficiency and low machining accuracy.

[0004] The utility model patent with announcement date 2020.10.09 and announcement number CN 211639482 U discloses a composite grinding wheel, including a rough grinding wheel and a fine grinding wheel, the abrasive grain size of the rough grinding wheel is larger than the abrasive grain size of the fine grinding wheel, the rough grinding wheel and the fine grinding wheel are coaxially connected, the fine grinding wheel is axially arranged on the outside of the rough grinding wheel, the radius of the rough grinding wheel is larger than the radius of the fine grinding wheel, and along the axial direction of the composite grinding wheel, the outer end face of the rough grinding wheel forms a first grinding surface, and the outer end face of the fine grinding wheel forms a second grinding surface. The rough grinding wheel and the fine grinding wheel of the composite grinding wheel grind the parts respectively. The first grinding surface on the rough grinding wheel performs rough grinding on the end face of the part. After the rough grinding is completed, the part is moved to the outer end face of the fine grinding wheel, and the second grinding surface on the fine grinding wheel performs fine grinding on the end face of the part. The composite grinding wheel can perform rough grinding and fine grinding on the processed parts respectively through the fine grinding wheel and the rough grinding wheel in one clamping. However, the patent is composed of two grinding wheels combined together and is not suitable for grinding screws.

[0005] The invention application document with publication date 2015.11.04 and publication number CN 105014561 A discloses a durable grinding wheel, comprising an annular base with a mounting hole in the center, a fine grinding layer made of precision abrasives is provided on one side of the annular base, a coarse grinding layer made of coarse abrasives is provided on the other side of the annular base, an anti-crack layer is provided between the fine grinding layer and the annular base, and an anti-crack layer is also provided between the coarse grinding layer and the annular base. However, the grinding wheel in the invention application cannot be used for grinding screws.

[0006] The utility model with the announcement date of July 1, 2009 and the announcement number CN 201264220Y discloses an improved combined grinding wheel structure. It can effectively improve the grinding accuracy of polycrystalline silicon and single crystal silicon workpieces and ensure the processing efficiency. The combined grinding wheel structure includes a parallel grinding wheel body, a rough grinding wheel layer and a fine grinding wheel layer, the rough grinding wheel layer and the fine grinding wheel layer are sequentially installed on the outer peripheral surface of the parallel grinding wheel body along the grinding wheel feeding direction, and it also includes a semi-fine grinding wheel layer, the semi-fine grinding wheel layer is arranged between the rough grinding wheel layer and the fine grinding wheel layer. However, the grinding wheel in the invention application cannot be applied to the grinding of screws. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a grinding wheel for high-power grinding of screws and a method of using the same, which is used to solve the problem of lack of integrated grinding wheels for rough and fine grinding of screws in the prior art.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows: A grinding wheel for strong grinding of screws, comprising a grinding wheel base and an electroplated layer arranged on the grinding wheel base; and a plurality of sections are arranged on the grinding surface of the grinding wheel, and the sections include a rough grinding section and a fine grinding section arranged in sequence. The present invention can achieve rough and fine integrated grinding by setting the grinding wheel as a rough and fine integrated structure, eliminates repeated positioning errors, simplifies the process, and improves processing accuracy and efficiency; the present invention sets a plurality of grinding sections, and the sections adopt different particle sizes to form a rough grinding section and a fine grinding section, thereby playing the role of rough and fine integrated grinding.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to improve the grinding accuracy, the section shape includes a first fine grinding section shape, a second fine grinding section shape, a first rough grinding section shape and a second rough grinding section shape which are arranged in sequence.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to grind the screw rod in sequence with each truncated shape and improve the grinding accuracy in sequence, the height of the first fine-ground truncated shape is greater than that of the second fine-ground truncated shape, the height of the second fine-ground truncated shape is greater than that of the first rough-ground truncated shape, and the height of the first rough-ground truncated shape is greater than that of the second rough-ground truncated shape.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to set a suitable height difference so that a suitable truncation size can be ground, the height difference between the first fine-ground truncation and the second fine-ground truncation is A, and the range of A is 0.1 mm~0.3 mm; the height difference between the first fine-ground truncation and the first rough-ground truncation is B, and the range of B is 0.3 mm~0.5 mm; the height difference between the first fine-ground truncation and the second rough-ground truncation is C, and the range of C is 0.5 mm~0.7 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to set a suitable particle size so as to achieve a suitable grinding accuracy each time, the particle size range of the first fine grinding section and the second fine grinding section is 80 / 100-200 / 230, and the particle size range of the first coarse grinding section and the second coarse grinding section is 25 / 30-70 / 80.

[0013] Furthermore, in order to obtain the best grinding accuracy, A is 0.21 mm, B is 0.42 mm, and C is 0.63 mm; the particle sizes of the first fine-ground section and the second fine-ground section are 120 / 140; and the particle sizes of the first rough-ground section and the second rough-ground section are 40 / 45.

[0014] Furthermore, in order to make the profile and the truncated shape have higher hardness, thereby improving the grinding accuracy and extending the service life, the material of the electroplating layer is cubic boron nitride.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the installation and fixation of the grinding wheel, a mounting hole is provided in the middle of the grinding wheel, a shaft shoulder is provided in the mounting hole, and a circle of fixing holes is evenly distributed on the grinding wheel around the mounting hole.

[0016] Furthermore, in order to make the grinding wheel and the screw rod be arranged at an angle, the grinding surface of the grinding wheel is arranged inclined.

[0017] Furthermore, in order to grind the screw, the sections are all raceway sections.

[0018] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the clamping of the grinding wheel, a mounting hole is provided in the middle of the grinding wheel, and an inwardly extending ring platform is provided in the mounting hole to form a shaft shoulder.

[0019] Furthermore, in order to facilitate fixing of the grinding wheel, a circle of fixing holes for fixing the grinding wheel is arranged around the mounting hole on the grinding wheel.

[0020] Furthermore, in order to more conveniently and quickly fix the grinding wheel clamped on the screw grinding machine, the fixing hole is a threaded hole.

[0021] Furthermore, the method for using the grinding wheel for high-power grinding of screws described in any of the above items comprises clamping the grinding wheel on a screw grinding machine, and the axis of the grinding wheel forms an angle γ with the axis of the screw to be processed; the grinding wheel and the screw to be processed are reversely ground; the screw to be processed is controlled by the screw grinding machine to move axially while rotating, and the screw to be processed forms a meshing motion with the grinding wheel. The present invention controls the screw to move axially while rotating through the operation of the screw grinding machine, and forms a meshing motion with the screw grinding wheel, thereby realizing the grinding of the screw raceway.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The present invention can realize coarse and fine integrated grinding by setting the grinding wheel as a coarse and fine integrated structure, thereby simplifying the process and improving the processing accuracy and efficiency; 2. The present invention provides a plurality of grinding sections with different particle sizes to form a rough grinding section and a fine grinding section, thereby achieving the effect of rough and fine integrated grinding; 3. The grinding allowance of the fine grinding of the present invention is controlled by the height differences A, B, and C of the grinding wheel section. Compared with the traditional grinding process, the grinding allowance control is more accurate, which can improve the surface quality of the workpiece, reduce the processing allowance, and reduce the processing cost; 4. The fine grinding section and the rough grinding section on the grinding wheel of the present invention are arranged according to the feeding direction of the grinding wheel relative to the screw, and the section with the highest height is arranged behind the section with the lowest height, so that the fine grinding section grinds the rough-ground thread again, thereby improving the grinding accuracy; 5. The present invention further improves the grinding accuracy of the screw by arranging two rough grinding sections and two fine grinding sections on the grinding wheel to grind the screw in sequence; 6. The present invention controls the screw to move axially while rotating through the movement of the machine tool, and forms a meshing movement with the screw grinding wheel to achieve the grinding process of the screw raceway; 7. Compared with the traditional rough grinding and fine grinding process, which requires repeated clamping of the workpiece, the screw grinding wheel only needs to clamp the workpiece once when in use to achieve rough and fine grinding, which reduces the number of clamping times, eliminates repeated positioning errors, and further improves processing accuracy and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electroplating layer of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grinding wheel matrix of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the use of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals in the figures: 100. Electroplating layer, 101. First fine-ground section, 102. Second fine-ground section, 103. First coarse-ground section, 104. Second coarse-ground section, 200. Grinding wheel base, 201. Mounting hole, 202. Shoulder, 203. Fixing hole, 204. Grinding wheel base profile, 300. Screw to be processed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1~Figure 4 As shown, a grinding wheel for screw power grinding described in Example 1 of the present invention includes a grinding wheel base 200 and an electroplating layer arranged on the grinding wheel base 200; and a plurality of truncated shapes are arranged on the grinding surface of the grinding wheel, and the truncated shapes include a rough grinding truncated shape and a fine grinding truncated shape, so as to form a grinding wheel with a coarse and fine integrated structure. And the rough grinding truncated shape and the fine grinding truncated shape are arranged in sequence, so that the rough grinding and fine grinding can be completed in one grinding. Among them, according to the feeding direction of the grinding wheel relative to the screw, the fine grinding truncated shape is arranged behind the rough grinding truncated shape, and the screw is first rough-machined by the rough grinding truncated shape, and then the thread on the screw is fine-machined by the fine grinding truncated shape, so as to obtain a screw with higher precision. The present invention can realize coarse and fine integrated grinding by setting the grinding wheel as a coarse and fine integrated structure. And the rough grinding truncated shape and the fine grinding truncated shape are arranged in sequence according to the grinding feed direction, so that the coarse and fine integrated grinding can be realized by clamping the workpiece only once, reducing the number of clamping times, eliminating repeated positioning errors, improving processing accuracy and efficiency, simplifying the process, and saving costs.

[0028] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the electroplating layer is arranged on the grinding wheel base surface 204 of the grinding wheel base 200, that is, the position corresponding to the grinding surface on the grinding wheel base 200, that is, the grinding wheel base surface 204 is provided with an electroplating layer, and the grinding wheel base surface 204 is also the electroplating area of ​​the grinding wheel. The size and shape of the grinding wheel base surface 204 are related to the structure of the electroplating layer 100, the electroplating process and the grinding wheel dressing amount. Generally, the reduction amount of the grinding wheel base surface 204 is 90%-140% of the abrasive size. In this embodiment, the size and shape of the grinding wheel base surface 204 is an equidistant reduction of the electroplating layer 100, and the reduction amount is taken as 110% of the abrasive size, and the width is 30mm. In this embodiment, the material of the electroplating layer is CBN, that is, cubic boron nitride. In other embodiments, the material of the electroplating layer can be other materials with higher hardness. Furthermore, in other embodiments, the reduction in size and shape of the grinding wheel base profile 204 may be greater than 110% or less than 110% of the abrasive size, and the width may be greater than 30 mm or less than 30 mm. The grinding wheel of the present invention forms a plurality of sections including rough grinding sections and fine grinding sections on the grinding wheel base 200 after the electroplating layer is provided on the grinding wheel base profile 204, thereby achieving the coarse and fine grinding of the screw rod in one body, and further improving the grinding accuracy and the service life of the grinding wheel.

[0029] In addition, if Figure 3 As shown, in order to facilitate the clamping of the grinding wheel, a mounting hole 201 is provided in the middle of the grinding wheel. The mounting hole 201 is coaxially arranged with the axial direction of the grinding wheel. A ring platform extending radially inward is provided in the mounting hole 201 to form a shaft shoulder 202, which plays a role in installation and positioning.

[0030] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, a circle of fixing holes 203 are evenly arranged around the mounting hole 201 on the grinding wheel, and the fixing holes 203 are evenly distributed at equal angles with the axis of the grinding wheel as the center. The grinding wheel is fixed through the fixing holes 203. In this embodiment, the fixing holes are threaded holes, so that the grinding wheel clamped on the screw grinding machine can be fixed more conveniently and quickly by bolts or screws.

[0031] Embodiment 2 is different from Embodiment 1 in that the truncation shapes are all raceway truncation shapes. The truncation shapes can be single arc truncation shapes and / or Gothic arc truncation shapes or other shapes.

[0032] Embodiment 3 is different from Embodiment 2 in that the truncation includes a first fine-grinding truncation 101, a second fine-grinding truncation 102, a first coarse-grinding truncation 103, and a second coarse-grinding truncation 104 arranged in sequence. Figure 2 As shown. In this embodiment, each truncated shape in the figure shows the electroplated layer electroplated on the grinding wheel base surface 204. According to the moving direction of the grinding wheel relative to the screw 300 to be processed, the second rough grinding truncation 104 is ranked first, followed by the first rough grinding truncation 103, followed by the second fine grinding truncation 102 and the first fine grinding truncation 101. The second rough grinding truncation 104 first performs the first rough grinding process on the thread on the screw, and then the first rough grinding truncation 103 performs the second rough grinding process on the thread. After the rough grinding, the second fine grinding truncation 102 performs the first fine grinding process on the screw, and then the first fine grinding truncation 101 performs the second fine grinding process on the screw. The threads of the screw are rough-machined twice by two rough grinding truncations, and then fine-machined by two fine grinding teeth. While the rough and fine grinding are integrated, the processing accuracy of the thread is improved.

[0033] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the truncation adopts a Gothic arc truncation. The heights of the four Gothic arc truncations are different, and the electroplated abrasive grain sizes are also different. The height of the first fine grinding truncation 101 is greater than the second fine grinding truncation 102, the height of the second fine grinding truncation 102 is greater than the first rough grinding truncation 103, and the height of the first rough grinding truncation 103 is greater than the second rough grinding truncation 104, so that the grinding wheel can grind the screw in turn as the screw moves and feeds along its own axis while the basic position remains unchanged.

[0034] Furthermore, if Figure 2As shown, the height difference between the first fine-ground section 101 and the second fine-ground section 102 is A, the height difference between the first fine-ground section 101 and the first rough-ground section 103 is B, and the height difference between the first fine-ground section 101 and the second rough-ground section 104 is C. The height differences A, B, and C are related to the particle size of the grinding wheel abrasive and the workpiece material being ground. In the present invention, the range of A is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm; the range of B is 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm; and the range of C is 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm.

[0035] Furthermore, the particle size range of the first finely ground section 101 and the second finely ground section 102 is 80 / 100-200 / 230, and the particle size range of the first coarsely ground section 103 and the second coarsely ground section 104 is 25 / 30-70 / 80, wherein 80 / 100, 200 / 230, 25 / 30 and 70 / 80 all represent one particle size.

[0036] Embodiment 4 is different from Embodiment 3 in that, in this embodiment, the height difference A between the first fine-ground section 101 and the second fine-ground section 102 is 0.21 mm, the height difference B between the first fine-ground section 101 and the first coarse-ground section 103 is 0.42 mm, and the height difference C between the first fine-ground section 101 and the second coarse-ground section 104 is 0.63 mm.

[0037] Furthermore, the particle sizes of the first fine-ground section 101 and the second fine-ground section 102 are 120 / 140; and the particle sizes of the first coarse-ground section 103 and the second coarse-ground section 104 are 40 / 45.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the mounting hole 201 of the grinding wheel provides radial positioning for the grinding wheel installation, and its diameter is φ157mm; the shoulder 202 provides axial positioning for the grinding wheel, and its diameter is φ152mm. The thickness of the shoulder 202 is 5mm, that is, the thickness of the ring platform radially extending inward from the mounting hole 201 is 5mm. The fixing hole 203 is the fixing hole for the grinding wheel installation, and the size of the fixing hole 203 is M8mm.

[0039] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the left and right radii of the four truncated Gothic arcs are 2.21 mm, and the left and right center distance is 0.161 mm.

[0040] In other embodiments, the height differences A, B, C of the four truncated shapes and the sizes of the four truncated shapes may adopt other values. The diameter of the mounting hole 201, the diameter and thickness of the shoulder 202 and the size of the fixing hole 203 may adopt other sizes.

[0041] Embodiment 5, as Figure 4As shown, the grinding surface of the grinding wheel is tilted so that the grinding wheel is tilted relative to the screw to grind the screw.

[0042] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0043] In Example 6, the grinding wheel is prepared by the following process: S1: The base material is 40Cr, and the base is roughly processed by conventional methods. The processing equipment includes but is not limited to turning, milling, drilling, etc. to complete the base rough processing. The grinding wheel base surface 204 is processed by CNC turning, the mounting hole 201 and the end face of the shaft shoulder 202 are ground, and finally aging treatment is performed; S2: Using the principle of electroplating metal, the CBN abrasive is uniformly consolidated on the contour of the grinding wheel base surface 204 by depositing a metal binder on the surface of the grinding wheel base; S3: For the electroplated grinding wheel, use the general method to dress the electroplated CBN layer of the grinding wheel to meet the qualified requirements.

[0044] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0045] Embodiment 7, the working process of the screw grinding wheel when in use is as follows: The grinding wheel is positioned through the inner hole 201 and the shoulder 202, and is clamped on the screw grinding machine through the threaded hole 203, and the axis of the grinding wheel forms an angle γ with the axis of the steering screw to be processed, so as to facilitate the meshing movement of the grinding wheel and the screw to be ground, thereby reducing the requirements for the motion control of the machine tool. In this embodiment, the angle is an acute angle, such as Figure 4 As shown. The grinding method can be forward grinding or reverse grinding. In this embodiment, the screw and the screw grinding wheel rotate in the same direction for reverse grinding. Through the movement of the machine tool, the screw is controlled to move axially while rotating, forming a meshing motion with the screw grinding wheel to achieve the grinding of the screw raceway. The use of the grinding wheel to grind the screw has a simple process, high grinding accuracy, high efficiency, and the ground screw meets the use requirements.

[0046] The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that any modification to the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or any equivalent replacement of some or all of the technical features therein, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, and such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grinding wheel for high-power grinding of screws, characterized in that: It comprises a grinding wheel base (200) and an electroplated layer arranged on the grinding wheel base (200); a plurality of sections are arranged on the grinding surface of the grinding wheel, and the sections include a coarse grinding section and a fine grinding section arranged in sequence.

2. The grinding wheel for screw power grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sections comprise a first finely ground section (101), a second finely ground section (102), a first roughly ground section (103) and a second roughly ground section (104) which are arranged in sequence.

3. The grinding wheel for screw power grinding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the first finely ground section (101) is greater than that of the second finely ground section (102), the height of the second finely ground section (102) is greater than that of the first roughly ground section (103), and the height of the first roughly ground section (103) is greater than that of the second roughly ground section (104).

4. The grinding wheel for screw power grinding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height difference between the first finely ground section (101) and the second finely ground section (102) is A, and the range of A is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm; the height difference between the first finely ground section (101) and the first coarsely ground section (103) is B, and the range of B is 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm; the height difference between the first finely ground section (101) and the second coarsely ground section (104) is C, and the range of C is 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm.

5. The grinding wheel for screw power grinding according to claim 4, characterized in that: The particle sizes of the first finely ground section (101) and the second finely ground section (102) are 80 / 100 to 200 / 230, and the particle sizes of the first coarsely ground section (103) and the second coarsely ground section (104) are 25 / 30 to 70 / 80.

6. The grinding wheel for high-power grinding of screw rods according to claim 5, characterized in that: A is 0.21 mm, B is 0.42 mm, and C is 0.63 mm; the particle sizes of the first finely ground section (101) and the second finely ground section (102) are 120 / 140; and the particle sizes of the first coarsely ground section (103) and the second coarsely ground section (104) are 40 / 45.

7. The grinding wheel for high-power grinding of a screw according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The material of the electroplating layer is cubic boron nitride.

8. The grinding wheel for high-power grinding of a screw according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A mounting hole (201) is provided in the middle of the grinding wheel, a shaft shoulder (202) is provided in the mounting hole (201), and a circle of fixing holes (203) are evenly distributed on the grinding wheel around the mounting hole (201).

9. The grinding wheel for high-power grinding of a screw according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The grinding surface of the grinding wheel is arranged inclined.

10. The method for using the grinding wheel for screw power grinding according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises clamping the grinding wheel on a screw grinding machine, wherein the axis of the grinding wheel forms an angle γ with the axis of the screw to be processed; controlling the screw to be processed to move axially while rotating through the screw grinding machine, and making the screw to be processed form meshing motion with the grinding wheel.

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