Manufacturing and processing technology for rail automobile assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rail car assembly manufacturing and machining, in particular to a rail car assembly manufacturing and machining technology which comprises a positioning unit and a polishing unit. Through cooperation of a rotary grinding frame and a rubbing and grinding frame, after a plurality of traction hooks are fixed, hole inner wall rotary grinding and plane rubbing and grinding are conducted on the left side and the right side of the traction hooks correspondingly; then, the positions of the rotary grinding frame and the grinding frame are exchanged, rotation of the towing hook is changed through the grinding frame, and then rotary grinding of the inner wall of the hole and rubbing grinding of the plane are conducted on the right side and the left side of the towing hook correspondingly, so that it is guaranteed that the inner wall of the hole and the plane of the towing hook are completely ground, and in the whole grinding process, the position of the towing hook does not need to be changed; therefore, it is ensured that adjustment in the vertical direction is not needed after the positions of the rotary grinding frame and the grinding frame are exchanged, the grinding efficiency of the equipment is improved, rotary grinding and grinding can be completed through one drive in the whole grinding process, and the grinding cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicle component manufacturing and processing, in particular to a rail vehicle component manufacturing and processing technology. Background Art

[0002] Rail cars are the main means of transportation for railway equipment maintenance, overhaul, infrastructure and other construction departments to perform tasks. Rail cars are divided into heavy and light types. Rail cars that can be evacuated from the line at any time by passengers are called light rail cars; rail cars that cannot be evacuated from the line at any time by passengers are called heavy rail cars. Rail cars are mainly composed of car bodies, electrical systems, frames, couplers and buffer devices, braking systems, power transmission devices and hydraulic systems, and bogies. Among them, the bogie determines the smooth steering of the rail car, and the traction hook of the bogie is a key part of the road-rail dual-purpose operation and maintenance equipment. Its processing technology has high requirements to ensure its strength, durability and safety. The processing process includes: material preparation, cutting, pretreatment, molding, finishing, heat treatment, surface treatment, inspection, assembly, packaging and transportation.

[0003] The surface of the processed towing hook needs to be polished to facilitate subsequent painting and spraying to improve its service life and protective performance. The traditional polishing method is to polish a single towing hook, and due to the shape characteristics of the towing hook, it needs to be positioned twice, and after each positioning, the left and right ends need to be polished separately, which reduces the polishing efficiency. Due to the shape characteristics of the towing hook, during the polishing process, the polishing directions of the left and right sides are perpendicular to each other, so different drive controls are required, which increases the polishing cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a rail vehicle assembly manufacturing process to solve the technical problems of reduced grinding efficiency and increased grinding cost of towing hooks in the related art. In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application provides the following technical solutions.

[0005] A rail vehicle component manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps: S1, material selection: selecting suitable materials for cutting and surface cleaning.

[0006] S2. Preheating and forming: The cleaned material is then preheated, and the preheated material is heated. After a period of time, it is formed using a forging machine.

[0007] S3. Processing and heat treatment: Use CNC machine tools to perform precision processing on the traction hook that has been formed, and then perform heat treatment on the traction hook.

[0008] S4. Grinding and spraying: After the heat treatment, the surface of the traction hook is ground.

[0009] S5. Surface treatment by painting: The surface of the towing hook after grinding is subjected to surface treatment by painting.

[0010] S6. Inspection and packaging: After surface treatment, the traction hook is inspected, and then the qualified traction hook products are packaged.

[0011] Among them, step S4 is completed by using a traction hook grinding device, and the traction hook grinding device includes a positioning unit and a grinding unit. The grinding unit is arranged on the positioning unit and is used to grind the surface of the traction hook and the hole on the traction hook; the positioning unit includes a workbench, and a T-shaped extrusion plate is connected to the workbench in a sliding manner in a symmetrical manner on the left and right sides, and contact strips are fixedly installed on the opposite ends of the extrusion plate. A bidirectional threaded rod extending in the left and right directions is rotatably connected in the middle of the workbench, and the bidirectional threaded rod is connected to the adjacent extrusion plate in a threaded connection. A support plate is evenly fixedly installed in the middle of the workbench from left to right, and a linearly arranged arc groove is evenly opened on the upper end of the support plate from front to back, and a contact strip is fixedly installed on the upper end of the rear side of the workbench. A distance-controlling cylinder is provided, a rectangular plate is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the distance-controlling cylinder, a support plate 2 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the rectangular plate and directly above the support plate 1, and an arc groove 2 matching the arc groove 1 is evenly opened on the lower end of the support plate 2; the grinding unit comprises a center frame, cylindrical holes are symmetrically opened on the upper side of the center frame, guide rods are connected in the cylindrical holes in a sliding manner, a rotating frame is fixedly installed on the front end of the guide rods, a rotating plate is rotatably connected to the front end of the rotating frame, a rotating grinding frame is arranged on the left side of the rotating plate, an adjusting frame 1 is arranged on the rotating grinding frame, a rubbing grinding frame is arranged on the right side of the rotating plate, a control frame is arranged on the left side of the rubbing grinding frame, a linkage frame is arranged on the control frame, a distance-adjusting frame is arranged in the middle of the center frame, and an adjusting frame 2 is arranged between the rotating grinding frame and the rubbing grinding frame.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the center frame includes an inclined round rod, the front ends of the middle support plate 1 and the middle support plate 2 are hinged with inclined round rods, the ends of the two inclined round rods are hinged with a center plate, a retractable bracket is fixedly installed at the lower end of the center plate, the retractable bracket is connected to the workbench in a forward and backward sliding manner, and cylindrical holes are symmetrically opened on the upper side of the center plate.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rotating frame includes a fixed circular plate, a fixed circular plate is fixedly installed at the front end of the guide rod, the front end of the fixed circular plate is rotatably connected to the rotating plate, the front end of the fixed circular plate is fixedly installed with a motor 1 through a motor seat, the output shaft of the motor 1 is fixedly installed with a bevel gear 1 through a coupling, a semicircular annular groove is provided at the rear end of the rotating plate, and bevel tooth grooves 1 that match the bevel gear 1 are evenly provided in the semicircular annular groove.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the grinding frame includes a sliding groove 1, a sliding groove 1 is opened on the left side of the rotating plate, a moving block 1 is connected in a sliding fit manner in the sliding groove 1, a motor 2 is fixedly installed on the moving block 1 through a motor seat, a sprocket 1 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the motor 2 through a coupling, a rotating column is fixedly installed at the rear end of the sprocket 1, a telescopic connecting rod is evenly fixedly installed on the left end of the rotating column, an arc plate is fixedly installed on the left end of the telescopic connecting rod, a grinding cylinder is rotatably connected to the middle part of the arc plate, and an adjusting frame 1 is arranged between the arc plate and the rotating column.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment frame 1 includes a fixed rod, a fixed rod is fixedly connected to the front side of the telescopic connecting rod at the right end of the arc plate and located at the front, the right outer end of the fixed rod is connected to an internal threaded column in a threaded manner, the right inner end of the internal threaded column is connected to a connecting column in a threaded manner, the connecting column is fixedly connected to the rotating column, and a linkage rod 1 is fixedly connected between the fixed end of the fixed rod and the connecting column and the front telescopic connecting rod, and a linkage rod 2 is fixedly connected between the fixed ends of two adjacent telescopic connecting rods in front and behind.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the grinding frame includes two sliding grooves, a second sliding groove is opened on the right side of the rotating plate, a movable plate is connected to the second sliding groove in a sliding manner, a rectangular groove is opened in the movable plate, a control plate is connected to the rectangular groove symmetrically in a sliding manner, two bidirectional threaded rods are rotatably connected to the movable plate, the two bidirectional threaded rods are connected to the adjacent control plate in a threaded connection, a retractable connecting plate is fixedly connected to the rear end of the control plate, a staggered plate is fixedly installed at the rear end of the staggered plate, a grinding rubbing plate is fixedly installed at the rear end of the staggered plate, and the grinding rubbing plates on the upper and lower sides have different lengths.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control frame includes a moving block 2, the moving plate 2 rear end is fixedly installed with the moving block 2, the right end of the moving block 2 is hinged with a telescopic tilting rod, the upper and lower ends of the telescopic tilting rod are respectively hinged with the corresponding staggered plates, the moving block 2 is rotatably connected with an incomplete gear, the moving block 2 is inside and outside the incomplete gear and is connected with a moving ring plate in a sliding manner, the inner ring wall of the moving ring plate is symmetrically provided with racks meshing with the incomplete gear, the lower end of the outer ring wall of the moving ring plate is evenly fixed with gear blocks, the moving block 2 is inside and below the moving ring plate and is rotatably connected with a spur gear matching the gear block, and the outer end of the rotating cylinder is fixedly installed, and the right end of the rotating column is fixedly connected to the middle of the telescopic tilting rod.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the linkage frame includes bevel gear 2, bevel gear 2 is fixedly installed on the left end of the incomplete gear, bevel gear 3 is rotatably connected to the moving block 2 and meshed with bevel gear 2, sprocket 2 is fixedly installed on the front end of bevel gear 3, a rectangular matching groove is opened at the front end of the rotating plate, a sliding block is connected to the matching groove in a sliding matching manner, cylindrical springs are fixedly installed on the upper and lower ends of the sliding block, the end of the cylindrical spring is fixedly connected to the matching groove, the front end of the sliding block is rotatably connected to sprocket 3, and sprocket 1, sprocket 2 and sprocket 3 are connected through a toothed chain belt 1 for transmission.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the distance adjusting frame includes a screw rod 1, which is rotatably connected to the middle of the center plate, the screw rod 1 is connected to the fixed circular plate by a threaded connection, the screw rod 1 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate, the length of the grinding plate is not less than twice the length of the grinding cylinder, and the length of the screw rod 1 is greater than the length of the grinding plate.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting frame 2 includes a connecting rod 1, and the opposite ends of the moving block 1 and the moving plate 2 are fixedly connected to the connecting rod 1, the outer ends of the connecting rods are commonly connected to an internal threaded tube in a threaded manner, a worm is rotatably connected to the rotating plate, a worm wheel matching the worm is fixedly installed at the outer end of the middle part of the internal threaded tube, and a control handle is fixedly installed at the front end of the worm.

[0021] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages:

[0022] 1. In the present invention, after fixing a plurality of traction hooks, the inner wall of the hole is rotatably ground and the plane is rubbed on the left and right sides respectively, and then the positions of the traction hook and the grinding rack are swapped, the rotation of the traction hook is changed by the grinding rack, and then the inner wall of the hole is rotatably ground and the plane is rubbed on the right and left sides respectively, thereby ensuring that the inner wall of the hole and the plane of the traction hook are completely polished. During the whole grinding process, the position of the traction hook does not need to be changed, thereby ensuring that no adjustment in the vertical direction is required after the position of the traction hook and the grinding rack are swapped, thereby improving the grinding efficiency of the equipment, and during the whole grinding process, one drive can be used to complete the traction and grinding, thereby reducing the grinding cost.

[0023] 2. In the present invention, the inclined round rod is driven to rotate by the support plate 1 and the support plate 2, thereby driving the center plate to move, so that the center plate is always located in the middle between the support plate 1 and the support plate 2, thereby ensuring that the center of the rotating grinding frame and the grinding frame is aligned with the middle of the traction hook for easy grinding.

[0024] 3. In the present invention, the linkage frame drives the incomplete gear to rotate, the incomplete gear drives the movable ring plate to reciprocate in the front-to-back direction, the movable ring plate drives the rotating column to reciprocate in the front-to-back direction, thereby driving the staggered plate to staggered move in the front-to-back direction, and finally drives the upper and lower sides of the grinding and rubbing plates to staggered move in the front-to-back direction to grind the upper and lower surfaces of the traction hook.

[0025] 4. In the present invention, the sliding block cooperates with the cylindrical spring, and when the distance between the moving block 1 and the moving plate 2 changes, the sprocket wheel 2 on the sliding block ensures that the toothed chain belt 1 is always in a tensioned state.

[0026] In addition to the technical problems solved by the embodiments of the present application described above, the technical features that constitute the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by the technical features of these technical solutions, other technical problems that can be solved by a rail vehicle component manufacturing and processing process provided by the embodiments of the present application, other technical features included in the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects brought about by these technical features will be further described in detail in the specific implementation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A workflow diagram of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the front stereoscopic structure of a traction hook grinding device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the left sectional plan structure of a traction hook grinding device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a top-down cross-sectional plan structure of a traction hook grinding device provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0032] Figure 5 Shows Figure 4 A local enlarged view of location N.

[0033] Figure 6 Shows Figure 4 A local enlarged view of point M.

[0034] Figure 7A schematic diagram of the main stereoscopic structure of the rubbing frame is shown.

[0035] Figure 8 Shows Figure 7 A local enlarged view of point E.

[0036] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the left-side stereoscopic structure of the workbench is shown.

[0037] Fig.10 Shows Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of point F.

[0038] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional plan structure of the adjustment frame 2 is shown.

[0039] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the main stereoscopic structure of bevel gear 3, the center plate and the fixed circular plate is shown.

[0040] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0041] 1. Positioning unit; 11. Workbench; 12. Extrusion plate; 13. Contact strip; 14. Two-way threaded rod 1; 15. Support plate 1; 16. Arc groove 1; 17. Distance control cylinder; 18. Rectangular plate; 19. Support plate 2; 191. Arc groove 2; 2. Grinding unit; 21. Centering frame; 211. Inclined round rod; 212. Centering plate; 213. Retractable bracket; 22. Cylindrical hole; 23. Guide rod; 24. Rotating frame; 241. Fixed round plate ; 242, motor 1; 243, bevel gear 1; 244, semicircular ring groove; 245, bevel gear groove 1; 25, rotating plate; 26, grinding frame; 261, sliding groove 1; 262, moving block 1; 263, motor 2; 264, sprocket 1; 265, rotating column; 266, telescopic connecting rod; 267, arc plate; 268, grinding cylinder; 27, adjusting frame 1; 271, fixing rod; 272, internal thread column; 273, connecting column; 274 , linkage rod 1; 275, linkage rod 2; 28, grinding rack; 281, sliding groove 2; 282, moving plate 2; 283, rectangular groove; 284, control plate; 285, two-way threaded rod 2; 286, telescopic connecting plate; 287, staggered plate; 288, grinding rubbing plate; 29, control rack; 291, moving block 2; 292, telescopic tilting rod; 293, incomplete gear; 295, moving ring plate; 296, rack; 297, gear block; 2 98. Incomplete gear; 299. Spur gear; 30. Linkage frame; 301. Bevel gear 2; 302. Bevel gear 3; 303. Sprocket 2; 304. Matching groove; 305. Sliding block; 306. Cylindrical spring; 307. Sprocket 3; 308. Toothed chain belt 1; 31. Pitch adjustment frame; 311. Screw 1; 32. Adjustment frame 2; 321. Connecting rod 1; 322. Internally threaded pipe; 323. Worm; 324. Worm wheel; 325. Control handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0043] See also Figure 1 , a rail vehicle component manufacturing process, comprising the following steps: S1, material selection: selecting suitable materials for cutting and surface cleaning.

[0044] S2. Preheating and forming: The cleaned material is then preheated, and the preheated material is heated. After a period of time, it is formed using a forging machine.

[0045] S3. Processing and heat treatment: Use CNC machine tools to perform precision processing on the traction hook that has been formed, and then perform heat treatment on the traction hook.

[0046] S4. Grinding and spraying: After the heat treatment, the surface of the traction hook is ground.

[0047] S5. Surface treatment by painting: The surface of the towing hook after grinding is subjected to surface treatment by painting.

[0048] S6. Inspection and packaging: After surface treatment, the traction hook is inspected, and then the qualified traction hook products are packaged.

[0049] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 , wherein step S4 is completed by using a traction hook grinding device, the traction hook grinding device includes a positioning unit 1 and a grinding unit 2, the grinding unit 2 is arranged on the positioning unit 1 for grinding the surface of the traction hook and the hole on the traction hook; the positioning unit 1 includes a workbench 11, and a T-shaped extrusion plate 12 is connected to the workbench 11 in a sliding manner in a symmetrical manner, and contact strips 13 are fixedly installed at opposite ends of the extrusion plate 12. A bidirectional threaded rod 14 extending in the left and right directions is rotatably connected to the middle of the workbench 11, and the bidirectional threaded rod 14 is connected to the adjacent extrusion plate 12 in a threaded connection manner. A support plate 15 is evenly fixedly installed from left to right in the middle of the workbench 11, and a linearly arranged arc groove 16 is evenly opened on the upper end of the support plate 15 from front to back, and a distance control cylinder 17 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the rear side of the workbench 11, and the distance control cylinder 17 is telescopic. A rectangular plate 18 is fixedly installed at the end, and a support plate 2 19 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the rectangular plate 18 and located directly above the support plate 1 15. The lower end of the support plate 2 19 is evenly provided with an arc groove 2 191 that matches the arc groove 16; the grinding unit 2 includes a center frame 21, and a cylindrical hole 22 is symmetrically opened on the upper side of the center frame 21. A guide rod 23 is connected in a sliding manner in the cylindrical hole 22, and a rotating frame 24 is fixedly installed at the front end of the guide rod 23. A rotating plate 25 is rotatably connected to the front end of the rotating frame 24. A grinding frame 26 is arranged on the left side of the rotating plate 25, and an adjusting frame 1 27 is arranged on the grinding frame 26. A rubbing frame 28 is arranged on the right side of the rotating plate 25, and a control frame 29 is arranged on the left side of the rubbing frame 28. A linkage frame 30 is arranged on the control frame 29. A distance adjustment frame 31 is arranged in the middle of the center frame 21, and an adjusting frame 2 32 is arranged between the grinding frame 26 and the rubbing frame 28.

[0050] First, multiple hot-processed traction hooks are placed in the arc groove 16 of the support plate 15, and the extrusion plate 12 is driven to move toward each other through the bidirectional threaded rod 14, so that the contact strip 13 on the extrusion plate 12 is limited to the left and right ends of the traction hook, so that the traction hook is centered. At this time, the support plate 19 is driven downward by the distance control cylinder 17 until the arc groove 191 contacts the surface of the traction hook and is squeezed and positioned. The support plate 15 and the support plate 19 drive the centering frame 21 to be in the center position, thereby rotating The movable frame 24 and the rotating plate 25 are limited, and at this time, the rotating plate 25 is driven by the distance adjustment frame 31 to move backward under the guidance of the guide rod 23 until the rear side of the grinding frame 28 is aligned with the traction hook. At this time, the right side of the traction hook is squeezed and positioned by the grinding frame 28, so that the hole on the right side of the traction hook is in an open upward state, and the hole on the left side of the traction hook is in an open forward state. The distance between the grinding frame 26 and the grinding frame 28 is adjusted by the adjustment frame 22, so that the center of the grinding frame 26 is aligned with the center of the left side of the traction hook. At this time, the adjustment frame 32 is used to adjust the distance between the grinding frame 26 and the grinding frame 28. The distance frame 31 continues to move backward, so that the grinding frame 26 extends into the left hole of the traction hook. According to the size of the inner diameter of the left hole of the traction hook, the grinding frame 26 is adjusted by the adjusting frame 27 so that the grinding frame 26 can be completely in contact with the inner wall of the left hole of the traction hook during rotation. The grinding action of the rubbing frame 28 is controlled by the control frame 29. When the grinding frame 26 grinds the inside of the left hole of the traction hook and the rubbing frame 28 grinds the upper and lower end surfaces of the right side of the traction hook, the rotating plate 25 is driven by the distance frame 31 to move on the guide rod 2 3, until the grinding frame 26 and the rubbing frame 28 are both separated from the traction hook. At this time, the rotating plate 25 is driven by the rotating frame 24 to turn horizontally by 180 degrees, so that the grinding frame 26 and the rubbing frame 28 are switched. The spacing frame 31 drives the rotating plate 25 to move backward under the guidance of the guide rod 23, so that the rubbing frame 28 adjusts the hole direction of the traction hook, so that the traction hook is completely polished, the traction hook is removed for surface spraying, and then the finished product is tested, and the qualified finished product is packaged and transported.

[0051] See also Figure 3 The center frame 21 includes an inclined round rod 211, and the front ends of the middle support plates 15 and 19 are hinged with the inclined round rod 211, and the ends of the two inclined round rods 211 are hinged with a center plate 212. A retractable bracket 213 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the center plate 212. The retractable bracket 213 is connected to the workbench 11 in a forward and backward sliding manner. Cylindrical holes 22 are symmetrically opened on the upper side of the center plate 212; the inclined round rod 211 is driven to rotate by the support plates 15 and 19, thereby driving the center plate 212 to move, so that the center plate 212 is always in the middle between the support plates 15 and 19, and the center plate 212 is limited and guided by the retractable bracket 213.

[0052] See also Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The rotating frame 24 includes a fixed circular plate 241, and the front end of the guide rod 23 is fixedly installed with the fixed circular plate 241. The front end of the fixed circular plate 241 is rotatably connected with the rotating plate 25. The front end of the fixed circular plate 241 is fixedly installed with a motor 242 through a motor seat. The output shaft of the motor 242 is fixedly installed with a bevel gear 243 through a coupling. A semicircular ring groove 244 is provided at the rear end of the rotating plate 25. Bevel tooth grooves 245 that match the bevel gear 243 are evenly provided in the semicircular ring groove 244; the bevel gear 243 is driven to rotate by the motor 242, and the rotating plate 25 is driven to rotate 180° with the cooperation of the bevel tooth grooves 245 on the semicircular ring groove 244.

[0053] In addition, the rotating plate 25 can be directly controlled to rotate 180° by a servo motor.

[0054] See also Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The rotating grinding frame 26 includes a sliding groove 261, a sliding groove 261 is opened on the left side of the rotating plate 25, a moving block 262 is connected in a sliding matching manner in the sliding groove 261, a motor 263 is fixedly installed on the moving block 262 through a motor seat, a sprocket 264 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the motor 263 through a coupling, a rotating column 265 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the sprocket 264, and a retractable connecting rod is evenly fixedly installed on the left end of the rotating column 265 266, an arc plate 267 is fixedly installed on the left end of the telescopic connecting rod 266, and a grinding cylinder 268 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the arc plate 267, and an adjustment frame 27 is arranged between the arc plate 267 and the rotating column 265; the rotating column 265 is driven to rotate by the motor 263, thereby driving the grinding cylinder 268 on the arc plate 267 to rotate around the central axis of the rotating column 265, and during the rotation of the grinding cylinder 268, the inner walls of the left holes of multiple traction hooks are synchronously polished.

[0055] See also Figure 6The adjusting frame 1 27 includes a fixing rod 271, and the fixing rod 271 is fixedly connected to the front side of the telescopic connecting rod 266 at the right end of the arc plate 267 and located at the frontmost side. The outer end of the right side of the fixing rod 271 is connected to an internal thread column 272 in a threaded manner, and the inner end of the right side of the internal thread column 272 is connected to a connecting column 273 in a threaded manner. The connecting column 273 is fixedly connected to the rotating column 265, and a linkage rod 1 274 is fixedly connected between the fixing rod 271 and the connecting column 273 and the fixed end of the telescopic connecting rod 266 at the frontmost side, and a linkage rod 275 is fixedly connected between the fixed ends of the two adjacent telescopic connecting rods 266 in front and behind; by rotating the internal thread column 272, the distance between the connecting column 273 and the fixing rod 271 is adjusted, thereby changing the distance between the grinding cylinder 268 and the rotating column 265, and the length of the telescopic connecting rod 266 changes with the change of the distance between the connecting column 273 and the fixing rod 271.

[0056] See also Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Fig.10 The grinding frame 28 includes a second sliding groove 281, a second sliding groove 281 is provided on the right side of the rotating plate 25, a second moving plate 282 is connected in a sliding manner in the second sliding groove 281, a rectangular groove 283 is provided in the second moving plate 282, a control plate 284 is connected in a sliding manner symmetrically up and down in the rectangular groove 283, a bidirectional threaded rod 285 is rotatably connected to the second moving plate 282, and the bidirectional threaded rod 285 is connected to the adjacent control plate 284 in a threaded manner, and the control plate 284 is connected in a threaded manner. The rear ends of the control plates 284 are fixedly connected with a retractable connecting plate 286, the rear ends of the retractable connecting plates 286 are fixedly installed with a staggered plate 287, the rear ends of the staggered plates 287 are fixedly installed with a grinding rubbing plate 288, and the lengths of the grinding rubbing plates 288 on the upper and lower sides are different; the control plate 284 is driven by the two-way threaded rod 285 to move towards each other until the grinding rubbing plates 288 contact the upper and lower surfaces of the traction hook, and the staggered movement of the grinding rubbing plates 288 to grind the upper and lower surfaces of the traction hook is prevented from interfering through the retractable connecting plate 286.

[0057] See also Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Fig.10The control frame 29 includes a second moving block 291, a second moving block 291 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the second moving plate 282, a retractable tilting rod 292 is hinged at the right end of the second moving block 291, and the upper and lower ends of the retractable tilting rod 292 are respectively hinged between the corresponding staggered plates 287, and an incomplete gear 293 is rotatably connected in the second moving block 291, and a moving ring plate 295 is connected in a sliding manner in the second moving block 291 and located outside the incomplete gear 293, and the inner ring wall of the moving ring plate 295 is symmetrically provided with racks 296 meshing with the incomplete gear, and the lower end of the outer ring wall of the moving ring plate 295 is evenly fixedly installed with a tooth block 297, and the moving block 291 is located in the second moving block 291 and below the moving ring plate 295 A rotating cylinder 298 is rotatably connected, and a spur gear 299 meshing with the tooth block 297 is fixedly installed on the outer end of the rotating cylinder 298. The right end of the rotating column 265 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the telescopic tilting rod 292; the incomplete gear 293 is driven to rotate through the linkage frame 30, and the incomplete gear 293 drives the movable ring plate 295 to reciprocate in the front and rear directions. The tooth block 297 is meshed with the spur gear 299 to drive the rotating cylinder 298 to reciprocate in the front and rear directions, thereby driving the staggered plate 287 to staggeredly move in the front and rear directions through the leverage of the telescopic tilting rod 292, and finally driving the grinding and rubbing plates 288 on the upper and lower sides to staggeredly move in the front and rear directions to grind the upper and lower surfaces of the traction hook.

[0058] See also Figure 8 , Fig.10 and Fig.12 The linkage frame 30 includes a bevel gear 2 301, a bevel gear 2 301 is fixedly installed on the left end of the incomplete gear 293, a bevel gear 302 meshing with the bevel gear 2 301 is rotatably connected in the moving block 291, a sprocket 2 303 is fixedly installed at the front end of the bevel gear 302, a rectangular matching groove 304 is opened at the front end of the rotating plate 25, a sliding block 305 is connected in a sliding matching manner in the matching groove 304, and a cylindrical spring 306 is fixedly installed at both the upper and lower ends of the sliding block 305, and the end of the cylindrical spring 306 is connected to the matching groove 3 04 fixed connection, the front end of the sliding block 305 is rotatably connected with the sprocket three 307, and the sprocket one 264, the sprocket two 303 and the sprocket three 307 are connected through the toothed chain belt one 308; the motor two 263 drives the sprocket one 264 and the sprocket two 303 to rotate synchronously through the toothed chain belt one 308, and the sliding block 305 cooperates with the cylindrical spring 306. When the distance between the moving block one 262 and the moving plate two 282 changes, the sprocket three 307 on the sliding block 305 ensures that the toothed chain belt one 308 is always in a tensioned state.

[0059] See also Figure 8The distance adjustment frame 31 includes a screw rod 311, and the middle part of the center plate 212 is rotatably connected with the screw rod 311. The screw rod 311 is connected to the fixed circular plate 241 in a threaded manner. The screw rod 311 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 25. The length of the grinding rubbing plate 288 is not less than twice the length of the grinding cylinder 268, and the length of the screw rod 311 is greater than the length of the grinding rubbing plate 288. The displacement of the fixed circular plate 241 is controlled by the screw rod 311, so that the fixed circular plate 241 moves horizontally under the limit guide of the guide rod 23, so as to avoid the placement or removal of the traction hook, and the screw rod 311 will not interfere with the rotation of the rotating plate 25.

[0060] In addition, the displacement of the fixed circular plate 241 can be directly controlled by a cylinder.

[0061] See also Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 The adjusting frame 2 32 includes a connecting rod 1 321, and the opposite ends of the moving block 1 262 and the moving plate 282 are fixedly connected with the connecting rod 1 321, and the outer ends of the connecting rod 1 321 are commonly connected with an internal threaded tube 322 in a threaded manner. A worm 323 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 25, and a worm wheel 324 matching the worm 323 is fixedly installed at the middle outer end of the internal threaded tube 322, and a control handle 325 is fixedly installed at the front end of the worm 323; the worm 323 is driven to rotate by the control handle 325, thereby driving the internal threaded tube 322 to rotate, and adjusting the distance between the moving block 1 262 and the moving plate 282.

[0062] First, place the traction hook in the arc groove 16 of the support plate 15, and then drive the extrusion plate 12 to move toward each other through the bidirectional threaded rod 14, drive the contact strip 13 to limit the left and right ends of the traction hook, so that the traction hook is centered. At this time, the support plate 2 19 is driven downward by the distance control cylinder 17 until the arc groove 2 191 contacts the surface of the traction hook and is squeezed and positioned. The support plate 15 and the support plate 2 19 drive the centering frame 21 to the center position, thereby limiting the rotating frame 24 and the rotating plate 25. At this time, the rotating plate 25 is driven to move backward under the guidance of the guide rod 23 by the distance adjustment frame 31. Until the rear side of the grinding frame 28 is aligned with the traction hook, at this time, the grinding plate 288 contacts the right side of the traction hook, and in the process of the grinding plate 288 moving backward, the right side of the traction hook is moved to make the center line of the hole on the right side of the traction hook in an inclined state. At this time, the distance between the grinding plates 288 is adjusted. As the distance decreases, the center line of the hole on the right side of the traction hook gradually rotates in the up and down directions. When the grinding plate 288 is completely in close contact with the right side of the traction hook, the hole on the right side of the traction hook is in an open upward state, and the hole on the left side of the traction hook is in an open forward state, thereby completing the operation of squeezing and positioning the right side of the traction hook.

[0063] The distance between the grinding frame 26 and the rubbing frame 28 is adjusted by adjusting the second frame 32, so that the center of the grinding frame 26 is aligned with the center of the left side of the traction hook. At this time, the distance adjustment frame 31 continues to move backward, so that the grinding frame 26 extends into the left hole of the traction hook. According to the size of the inner diameter of the left hole of the traction hook, the grinding frame 26 is adjusted by adjusting the first frame 27, so that the grinding frame 26 can be completely in contact with the inner wall of the left hole of the traction hook during the rotation process. The grinding action of the rubbing frame 28 is controlled by the control frame 29. After the grinding rack 28 grinds the inner part of the left hole of the traction hook, and the grinding rack 28 grinds the upper and lower end surfaces of the right side of the traction hook, the rotating plate 25 is driven by the distance adjusting rack 31 to move forward under the guidance of the guide rod 23 until the grinding rack 28 is separated from the traction hook. At this time, the rotating plate 25 is driven by the rotating rack 24 to flip horizontally, so that the grinding rack 26 and the grinding rack 28 are switched, and the rotating plate 25 is driven by the distance adjusting rack 31 to move backward under the guidance of the guide rod 23 until the grinding rack 28 is behind. The grinding plate 288 is aligned with the front end traction hook, at this time, the grinding washboard 288 contacts the left side of the traction hook, and in the process of the grinding washboard 288 moving backward, the left side of the traction hook is toggled so that the center line of the hole on the left side of the traction hook is in an inclined state. At this time, the distance between the grinding washboard 288 is adjusted. As the distance decreases, the center line of the hole on the left side of the traction hook gradually rotates toward the up and down direction. When the grinding washboard 288 is completely in close contact with the left side of the traction hook, the hole on the left side of the traction hook is in an open upward state, and the hole on the right side of the traction hook is in an open forward state. At this point, the grinding frame 28 completes the adjustment of the hole direction of the traction hook, and the spacing frame 31 moves backward to make the rotating grinding frame 26 extend into the right side hole of the traction hook. The rotating grinding frame 26 grinds the right side of the internal hole of the traction hook. After the grinding frame 28 grinds the upper and lower end surfaces of the left side of the traction hook, the rotating plate 25 is driven by the spacing frame 31 to move forward under the guidance of the guide rod 23 until the grinding frame 28 is separated from the traction hook, and the completely polished traction hook is removed.

[0064] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "middle", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "end", "axial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0065] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "number one", "number two", "one", "two" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "connect", "install", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, a sliding connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0067] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail vehicle component manufacturing process, characterized in that , including the following steps: S1. Material selection: Select appropriate materials for cutting and surface cleaning; S2. Preheating and forming: The cleaned material is then preheated, and the preheated material is heated. After a period of time, it is formed using a forging machine; S3. Processing and heat treatment: Use CNC machine tools to perform precision processing on the traction hook after the forming process, and then perform heat treatment on the traction hook; S4, grinding and spraying: after the heat treatment is completed, the surface of the traction hook is ground; S5. Surface treatment by painting: the surface of the towing hook after grinding is subjected to surface treatment by painting; S6. Inspection and packaging: After surface treatment, the traction hook is inspected, and then the qualified traction hook products are packaged; Wherein step S4 is completed by using a towing hook grinding device, wherein the towing hook grinding device comprises a positioning unit (1) and a grinding unit (2), wherein the grinding unit (2) is arranged on the positioning unit (1) and is used for grinding the surface of the towing hook and the hole on the towing hook; The positioning unit (1) comprises a workbench (11), on which a T-shaped extrusion plate (12) is symmetrically connected in a sliding manner, and contact strips (13) are fixedly installed at opposite ends of the extrusion plate (12). A bidirectional threaded rod (14) extending in the left and right directions is rotatably connected in the middle of the workbench (11), and the bidirectional threaded rod (14) is connected to the adjacent extrusion plate (12) in a threaded manner. Support rods (13) are evenly fixedly installed in the middle of the workbench (11) from left to right. A support plate (15), the upper end of the support plate (15) is uniformly provided with arc grooves (16) arranged linearly from front to back, a distance control cylinder (17) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the rear side of the workbench (11), a rectangular plate (18) is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the distance control cylinder (17), a support plate (19) is fixedly installed on the lower end of the rectangular plate (18) and located directly above the support plate (15), and an arc groove (191) matching the arc groove (16) is uniformly provided on the lower end of the support plate (19); The grinding unit (2) comprises a center frame (21), a cylindrical hole (22) is symmetrically opened on the upper side of the center frame (21), a guide rod (23) is connected in a sliding manner in the cylindrical hole (22), a rotating frame (24) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the guide rod (23), a rotating plate (25) is rotatably connected to the front end of the rotating frame (24), a rotating grinding frame (26) is arranged on the left side of the rotating plate (25), an adjusting frame 1 (27) is arranged on the rotating grinding frame (26), a rubbing frame (28) is arranged on the right side of the rotating plate (25), a control frame (29) is arranged on the left side of the rubbing frame (28), a linkage frame (30) is arranged on the control frame (29), a distance adjusting frame (31) is arranged in the middle of the center frame (21), and an adjusting frame 2 (32) is arranged between the rotating grinding frame (26) and the rubbing grinding frame (28).

2. A rail vehicle component manufacturing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center frame (21) comprises an inclined round rod (211), the front ends of the middle support plate 1 (15) and the middle support plate 2 (19) are both hinged with the inclined round rod (211), the ends of the two inclined round rods (211) are jointly hinged with a center plate (212), a retractable bracket (213) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the center plate (212), the retractable bracket (213) is connected to the workbench (11) in a forward and backward sliding manner, and cylindrical holes (22) are symmetrically opened on the upper side of the center plate (212).

3. A rail vehicle component manufacturing process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating frame (24) comprises a fixed circular plate (241), the front end of the guide rod (23) is fixedly mounted with the fixed circular plate (241), the front end of the fixed circular plate (241) is rotatably connected with the rotating plate (25), the front end of the fixed circular plate (241) is fixedly mounted with a motor 1 (242) through a motor seat, the output shaft of the motor 1 (242) is fixedly mounted with a bevel gear 1 (243) through a coupling, and the rear end of the rotating plate (25) is provided with a semicircular annular groove (244), and bevel tooth grooves 1 (245) matching with the bevel gear 1 (243) are evenly arranged in the semicircular annular groove (244).

4. A rail vehicle component manufacturing process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grinding frame (26) comprises a sliding groove (261), a sliding groove (261) is provided on the left side of the rotating plate (25), a moving block (262) is connected in a sliding matching manner in the sliding groove (261), a motor (263) is fixedly mounted on the moving block (262) via a motor seat, a sprocket (264) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor (263) via a coupling, a rotating column (265) is fixedly mounted at the rear end of the sprocket (264), a telescopic connecting rod (266) is evenly fixedly mounted on the left end of the rotating column (265), an arc plate (267) is fixedly mounted on the left end of the telescopic connecting rod (266), a grinding cylinder (268) is rotatably connected to the middle of the arc plate (267), and an adjusting frame (27) is arranged between the arc plate (267) and the rotating column (265).

5. A rail vehicle component manufacturing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment frame 1 (27) comprises a fixing rod (271), the fixing rod (271) is fixedly connected to the front side of the right end of the arc plate (267) and the telescopic connecting rod (266) located at the front, the outer end of the right side of the fixing rod (271) is connected to an internal thread column (272) in a threaded manner, the inner end of the right side of the internal thread column (272) is connected to a connecting column (273) in a threaded manner, the connecting column (273) is fixedly connected to the rotating column (265), the fixing rod (271) and the connecting column (273) are both fixedly connected to the fixed end of the telescopic connecting rod (266) at the front, and the connecting rod 1 (274) is fixedly connected, and the fixed ends of two adjacent telescopic connecting rods (266) are fixedly connected to the connecting column (273) in a threaded manner.

6. A rail vehicle component manufacturing process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The grinding frame (28) comprises a second sliding groove (281), the second sliding groove (281) is provided on the right side of the rotating plate (25), a second moving plate (282) is connected in a sliding manner in the second sliding groove (281), a rectangular groove (283) is provided in the second moving plate (282), a control plate (284) is connected in a sliding manner symmetrically up and down in the rectangular groove (283), a second bidirectional threaded rod (285) is rotatably connected to the second moving plate (282), the second bidirectional threaded rod (285) is connected to the adjacent control plate (284) in a threaded connection, a retractable connecting plate (286) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the control plate (284), a staggered plate (287) is fixedly installed to the rear end of the staggered plate (287), a grinding rubbing plate (288) is fixedly installed to the rear end of the staggered plate (287), and the grinding rubbing plates (288) on the upper and lower sides have different lengths.

7. A rail vehicle component manufacturing process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control frame (29) comprises a second moving block (291), the second moving plate (282) is fixedly mounted with the second moving block (291) at the rear end, a telescopic tilting rod (292) is hingedly connected to the right end of the second moving block (291), the upper and lower ends of the telescopic tilting rod (292) are respectively hingedly connected to the corresponding staggered plates (287), an incomplete gear (293) is rotatably connected inside the second moving block (291), and a moving ring plate (293) is connected in a sliding manner inside the second moving block (291) and outside the rotating cylinder (293). 95), the inner ring wall of the moving ring plate (295) is symmetrically provided with racks (296) meshing with the incomplete gear, the lower end of the outer ring wall of the moving ring plate (295) is evenly fixed with a tooth block (297), the inner part of the moving block (291) and located below the moving ring plate (295) is rotatably connected with a rotating cylinder (298), the outer end of the rotating cylinder (298) is fixedly provided with a spur gear (299) matching with the tooth block (297), and the right end of the rotating column (265) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the telescopic tilting rod (292).

8. A rail vehicle component manufacturing process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The linkage frame (30) comprises a bevel gear 2 (301), the bevel gear 2 (301) is fixedly installed on the left end of the rotating cylinder (293), a bevel gear 3 (302) meshing with the bevel gear 2 (301) is rotatably connected inside the moving block 2 (291), a sprocket 2 (303) is fixedly installed at the front end of the bevel gear 3 (302), a rectangular matching groove (304) is opened at the front end of the rotating plate (25), a sliding block (305) is connected in a sliding matching manner in the matching groove (304), cylindrical springs (306) are fixedly installed at both upper and lower ends of the sliding block (305), the end of the cylindrical spring (306) is fixedly connected to the matching groove (304), the front end of the sliding block (305) is rotatably connected to the sprocket 3 (307), and the sprocket 1 (264), the sprocket 2 (303) and the sprocket 3 (307) are connected through a toothed chain belt 1 (308) for transmission.

9. A rail vehicle component manufacturing process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance adjustment frame (31) comprises a screw rod (311), the middle part of the center plate (212) is rotatably connected with the screw rod (311), the screw rod (311) is connected to the fixed circular plate (241) in a threaded connection, the screw rod (311) is rotatably connected to the rotating plate (25), the length of the grinding and rubbing plate (288) is not less than twice the length of the grinding cylinder (268), and the length of the screw rod (311) is greater than the length of the grinding and rubbing plate (288).

10. A rail vehicle component manufacturing process according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second adjustment frame (32) comprises a connecting rod (321), the opposite ends of the moving block (262) and the moving plate (282) are fixedly connected with the connecting rod (321), the outer ends of the connecting rods (321) are commonly connected with an internal threaded tube (322) in a threaded manner, a worm (323) is rotatably connected to the rotating plate (25), a worm wheel (324) matched with the worm (323) is fixedly installed at the middle outer end of the internal threaded tube (322), and a control handle (325) is fixedly installed at the front end of the worm (323).

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