Flax fiber refined processing technology

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of textile, and relates to a linen fiber refined processing technology, which comprises the following steps: beating linen into linen, and carrying out impurity removal treatment on the linen by an impurity removal machine to remove impurities doped in the linen fiber and too short or broken fibers; after the quality of the flax raw material is improved, the flax is beaten into flax, the flax is preheated through a steam channel and then fed into a degumming tank to be soaked in a biological enzyme solution according to the bath ratio of 1: 15 for degumming treatment for 30-60 min, after degumming, the flax is cleaned through clean water added with a softener, and the cleaned flax fiber is subjected to dewatering, oiling and drying treatment; after dust removal treatment and anesthesia, opening treatment and secondary dust removal are carried out on the linen fibers through the opener, so that the use of acid and alkali reagents is completely avoided, the reaction time is shortened, the production cost and the environmental pollution degree are reduced, the environmental pollution problem caused by strong acid and strong alkali is avoided, and meanwhile, the excellent mechanical property is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of textiles, and in particular to a process for fine processing of flax fibers. Background Art

[0002] Flax is an annual herb, known as the "Queen of Fibers". It is a high-quality natural plant fiber. Its history of being used for textiles can be traced back to ancient Egypt. Its single fiber length is 17-25mm, and its single fiber fineness is 12-17μm. Linen fabric has excellent properties such as moisture absorption and quick drying, good air permeability, antibacterial and deodorizing, antistatic, eco-friendly, warm in winter and cool in summer. It has very broad development and application prospects.

[0003] Conventional flax is wet-spun using process fibers (bundle fibers), which are made of several single fibers and colloids. The main components of colloids are hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, etc. These colloids are covered on the fiber surface through complex physical and chemical reactions. Degumming treatment is required before they are used in textile processing. The existing degumming process uses the different stability of cellulose and colloids in the bast to the effects of alkali, oxidants, etc., and removes impurities such as pectin and lignin in the bast by chemical methods to retain cellulose. The chemical degumming process is centered on strong acid and strong alkali scouring under high temperature conditions. However, there are the following problems: high energy consumption, serious environmental pollution, high-concentration wastewater COD discharge of more than 10,000 mg / L; severe fiber damage, poor fiber feel; unstable product quality, poor quality; many processes, long time, and high water consumption.

[0004] A new type of flax fiber fine processing technology is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a process for fine processing of flax fibers.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A process for fine processing of flax fiber, comprising the following steps: S1. The warp let-off and impurity removal machine is used to remove impurities mixed between the flax fibers and short or broken fibers, so as to improve the quality of the flax raw materials; S2, the flax removed from step S1 is beaten into hemp, preheated through a steam channel, and then sent into a degumming tank, immersed in a biological enzyme solution at a bath ratio of 1:15 for a degumming treatment of 30-60 minutes; S3, wash with clean water with softener added; S4, dehydrating, oiling, drying and dust removal the cleaned flax fibers; S5, opening the flax fibers by means of an opening machine and performing secondary dust removal; As a further solution of the present invention: the impurity remover in step S1 adopts an impact-type impurity removal device supplemented by a negative pressure air separation device to remove impurities.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the steam channel in step S2 adopts a non-direct contact channel with air outlets on both sides and passing through the middle, and the discharge temperature of the flax is 70-75°C, which activates the fiber structure of the flax and makes its structure loose to facilitate the mixing and penetration of the biological enzyme solution in the later stage, and preheats at the same time, reduces the subsequent degumming temperature rising process, accelerates the reaction, and reduces the fluctuation of the biological enzyme solution.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: in step S2, the biological enzyme solution is pectinase, hemicellulase, and ligninase dissolved in deionized water buffer in a weight ratio, wherein pectinase accounts for 1 part, hemicellulase accounts for 2-3 parts, and ligninase accounts for 1-2 parts, the concentration is 20g / L, and the solution temperature is 80°C.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: in step S2, the beaten flax is completely pressed by a pressing device and immersed in the biological enzyme solution and circulated and stirred at a speed of 20-30 / min. A centrifugal pump is provided in the degumming tank to force the biological enzyme solution in the tank to circulate, so as to improve the contact efficiency between the biological enzyme solution and the beaten flax, improve the degumming reaction rate, and continuously and dynamically replace the biological enzyme solution in the tank with a cycle of 36 hours to ensure the stability and activity of the biological enzyme content in the biological enzyme solution and ensure the degumming effect. Beneficial Effects

[0010] 1. The method of the present invention directly utilizes biological enzymes to degumming hemp fibers, utilizes biological enzymes to peel off and remove colloid on the surface of hemp fibers, completely avoids the use of acid and alkali reagents, shortens the reaction time, reduces production costs and the degree of environmental pollution, avoids environmental pollution problems caused by strong acids and alkalis, realizes low-carbon clean production, ensures the degumming rate of hemp fibers, and at the same time, protects the performance of hemp fibers from excessive damage, and the production process is more stable and concise.

[0011] 2. The present invention adopts mild reaction conditions, avoids high temperature and high pressure, ensures stable degumming effect, reduces the fiber being easily damaged during the degumming process, and reduces excessive damage to its own performance. The degummed refined flax fiber has excellent degumming rate and mechanical properties, good degumming effect (residual glue rate is 3.29-4.22%), and the obtained flax fiber product has fine fineness (2000-3200 metric branches) and good fiber strength index (2.2-2.5N / dtex). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The present invention will be described below with reference to examples; however, the present invention is not limited to the following examples. Example

[0013] (1) The flax is beaten into flax and the impurities are removed by the warp removal machine to remove impurities mixed between the flax fibers and short or broken fibers, thereby improving the quality of the flax raw materials; (2) The flax beaten into hemp removed from the impurities in step (1) is preheated through a steam channel, and is sent into a degumming tank at a material temperature of 75° C., and is immersed in a biological enzyme solution containing 1 part of pectinase, 2 parts of hemicellulase, and 2 parts of ligninase at a bath ratio of 1:15, with a pH of 8.5, a concentration of 25 g / L, and a solution temperature of 80° C. for a degumming treatment for 40 minutes. During the degumming process, the flax beaten into hemp is completely pressed by a pressing device and immersed in the biological enzyme solution and circulated and stirred at a speed of 20 r / min; (3) Wash with clean water with softener added; (4) Dehydrating, oiling, drying and dust removal of the cleaned flax fibers; (5) The flax fibers are opened and dusted again by an opening machine.

[0014] Product inspection and test results: The obtained fine flax fiber has a residual rubber rate of 3.54%, an average fiber length of more than 35 mm, a fiber strength of 2.3 cN / detx, and a fiber fineness of 2800 deniers. Example

[0015] (1) The flax is beaten into flax and the impurities are removed by the warp removal machine to remove impurities mixed between the flax fibers and short or broken fibers, thereby improving the quality of the flax raw materials; (2) The flax beaten into hemp removed from the impurities in step (1) is preheated through a steam channel, and is sent into a degumming tank at a material temperature of 75° C., and is immersed in a biological enzyme solution containing 1 part of pectinase, 3 parts of hemicellulase, and 1 part of ligninase at a bath ratio of 1:15, with a pH of 8.5, a concentration of 25 g / L, and a solution temperature of 80° C. for a degumming treatment for 40 minutes. During the degumming process, the flax beaten into hemp is completely pressed by a pressing device and immersed in the biological enzyme solution and circulated and stirred at a speed of 20 r / min; (3) Wash with clean water with softener added; (4) Dehydrating, oiling, drying and dust removal of the cleaned flax fibers; (5) The flax fibers are opened and dusted again by an opening machine.

[0016] Product inspection and test results: The obtained fine flax fiber has a residual rubber rate of 3.87%, an average fiber length of more than 35 mm, a fiber strength of 2.2 cN / detx, and a fiber fineness of 3000 deniers. Example

[0017] (1) The flax is beaten into flax and the impurities are removed by the warp removal machine to remove impurities mixed between the flax fibers and short or broken fibers, thereby improving the quality of the flax raw materials; (2) The flax obtained by removing impurities in step (1) is preheated through a steam channel, and is sent into a degumming tank at a material temperature of 75° C., and is immersed in a biological enzyme solution containing 1 part of pectinase, 2 parts of hemicellulase, and 2 parts of ligninase at a bath ratio of 1:15, with a pH of 8.5, a concentration of 25 g / L, and a solution temperature of 80° C. for a degumming treatment for 35 minutes. During the degumming process, the flax is completely pressed by a pressing device and immersed in the biological enzyme solution and is circulated and stirred at a speed of 30 r / min; (3) Wash with clean water with softener added; (4) Dehydrating, oiling, drying and dust removal of the cleaned flax fibers; (5) The flax fibers are opened and dusted again by an opening machine.

[0018] Product inspection and test results: The obtained fine flax fiber has a residual rubber rate of 3.47%, an average fiber length of more than 35 mm, a fiber strength of 2.5 cN / detx, and a fiber fineness of 2200 deniers. Example

[0019] (1) The flax is beaten into flax and the impurities are removed by the warp removal machine to remove impurities mixed between the flax fibers and short or broken fibers, thereby improving the quality of the flax raw materials; (2) The flax beaten into hemp removed from the impurities in step (1) is preheated through a steam channel, and is sent into a degumming tank at a material temperature of 75° C., and is immersed in a biological enzyme solution containing 1 part of pectinase, 2 parts of hemicellulase, and 2 parts of ligninase at a bath ratio of 1:15, with a pH of 8.5, a concentration of 25 g / L, and a solution temperature of 80° C. for a degumming treatment for 60 minutes. During the degumming process, the flax beaten into hemp is completely pressed by a pressing device and immersed in the biological enzyme solution and is circulated and stirred at a speed of 20 r / min; (3) Wash with clean water with softener added; (4) Dehydrating, oiling, drying and dust removal of the cleaned flax fibers; (5) The flax fibers are opened and dusted again by an opening machine.

[0020] Product inspection and test results: The obtained fine flax fiber has a residual rubber rate of 3.29%, an average fiber length of more than 35 mm, a fiber strength of 2.2 cN / detx, and a fiber fineness of 3200 deniers.

Claims

1. A process for fine processing of flax fibers, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The warp let-off and impurity removal machine is used to remove impurities mixed between the flax fibers and short or broken fibers, so as to improve the quality of the flax raw materials; S2, the flax removed from step S1 is beaten into hemp, preheated through a steam channel, and then sent into a degumming tank, immersed in a biological enzyme solution at a bath ratio of 1:15 for a degumming treatment of 30-60 minutes; S3, wash with clean water with softener added; S4, dehydrating, oiling, drying and dust removal the cleaned flax fibers; S5. The flax fibers are opened by an opening machine and dust is removed for a second time.

2. The process for fine processing of flax fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impurity remover in step S1 uses an impact-type impurity remover supplemented by a negative pressure air separation device to remove impurities.

3. The process for fine processing of flax fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam channel in step S2 adopts a non-direct contact channel with air outlets on both sides and passing through the middle, and the discharge temperature of the flax after flax is beaten is 70-75°C.

4. The process for fine processing of flax fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the biological enzyme solution is pectinase, hemicellulase and ligninase dissolved in deionized water buffer in parts by weight, wherein pectinase accounts for 1 part, hemicellulase accounts for 2-3 parts, ligninase accounts for 1-2 parts, the concentration is 20g / L, and the solution temperature is 80°C.

5. The process for fine processing of flax fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the flax is beaten into hemp and completely pressed by a pressing device, immersed in a biological enzyme solution and circulated and stirred at a speed of 20-30 / min. A centrifugal pump is provided in the degumming tank to force the biological enzyme solution in the tank to circulate, and the biological enzyme solution in the tank is continuously and dynamically replaced with a cycle of 36 hours.