Anti-inrush water safe and rapid detection method based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, and discloses a water inrush prevention safe and rapid detection method based on geology and hydrodynamic characteristics, which is characterized in that the water inrush prevention safe and rapid detection method based on geology and hydrodynamic characteristics specifically comprises the following steps: a data acquisition unit acquires hydrodynamic condition data and geologic characteristic real-time data, and transmits the hydrodynamic condition data and the geologic characteristic real-time data to a data processing unit; the hydrodynamic conditions comprise the underground water level and the water inflow; the geologic features comprise stratum lithology, rock quality indexes, rock stratum occurrence and landform indexes; the data processing unit is used for receiving the data from each sensor, analyzing and processing the data by utilizing an evaluation algorithm, and acquiring the data according to the hydrodynamic conditions and the geological characteristics; the judgment result is output, the data processing unit outputs the outburst prevention judgment result and corresponding suggested measures, and the corresponding outburst prevention measures are taken. The invention aims to provide a method for safely and quickly judging the water inrush prevention based on tunnel hydrodynamic force and geological conditions and specifically formulating prevention and control measures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, and in particular to a safe and rapid detection method for preventing sudden water inrush based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel water inrush is the main disaster affecting tunnel construction. It not only affects the progress of the project and increases the construction cost, but also easily causes accidents such as tunnel collapse, affecting construction safety. Due to the complexity of the geological conditions in the tunnel construction area, groundwater has become one of the main factors causing disasters and accidents during tunnel construction. Tunnel water inrush disasters are highly sudden and destructive, often causing significant casualties and property losses. Therefore, during the tunnel construction process, effective prediction and early warning of tunnel water inrush disasters has become an effective means and important need to protect the lives of construction workers and national property. While issuing early warnings, prevention and control measures should be provided for the tunnel construction.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a method for quickly evaluating the safety of sudden water inrush based on tunnel hydrodynamics and geological conditions and to formulate targeted prevention and control measures, so as to effectively improve the safety and efficiency of tunnel construction. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a method for rapid detection of water inrush safety based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics, so as to propose a method for rapid assessment of water inrush safety based on tunnel hydrodynamics and geological conditions and to formulate targeted prevention and control measures.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for rapid detection of water inrush safety based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics, the specific steps are:

[0006] S1: Data acquisition unit, which collects real-time data on hydrodynamic conditions and geological characteristics. Hydrodynamic conditions include groundwater level and water inflow; geological characteristics include stratum lithology, rock quality index, rock formation occurrence, and topographic and geomorphic index;

[0007] S2: Data processing unit, which receives data from various sensors, analyzes and processes the data using a judgment algorithm, and assesses the risk of water and mud bursts based on the data of hydrodynamic conditions and geological characteristics;

[0008] S3: Output the evaluation results. The data processing unit outputs the sudden-outburst prevention evaluation results and corresponding recommended measures. The operator takes corresponding sudden-outburst prevention measures based on the evaluation results.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, the steps of collecting in S1 specifically include:

[0010] S110, using advance drilling method to detect groundwater level and topography;

[0011] S120, using theodolite to measure the occurrence of rock formations, and measure the strike, dip, inclination and thickness of the formations;

[0012] S130, using double-layer core barrel drilling to obtain the rock quality index RQD value.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the formation lithology is quantified as insoluble, weakly soluble, moderately soluble, and strongly soluble in S1, and represented by the t coefficient;

[0014] t=A1B1+A2B2+A3B3

[0015] Among them, B1, B2, B3 are the proportions of strong solubility, medium solubility and weak solubility rock formations respectively, and A1, A2, A3 are the corresponding weight coefficients.

[0016] Calculate the predicted value of tunnel water inflow using the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, a F(J) is the crack width measured in the field (mm); a j , is the angle between the crack direction and the tunnel axis (°); C j , is the length of the intersection between the crack and the tunnel along the tunnel axis (m); S j is the crack spacing (m); H is the height from the groundwater level to the tunnel bottom (m); J1, J2…Jn are crack groups.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, the sudden water burst level is classified into I, II, III, and IV according to the tunnel water inrush volume Q, representing four levels: dangerous, relatively dangerous, relatively safe, and safe. The number of deaths, direct economic losses, and construction delays are mainly considered, and a cluster analysis and evaluation is conducted through the hydrodynamic and geological conditions factors of sudden water burst cases in large tunnels.

[0020] Preferably, as an improvement, in S2, the tunnel status is calculated and evaluated to determine the current risk level of the tunnel, and the algorithm preprocessing is specifically as follows:

[0021] S210, assigning efficacy coefficient values ​​corresponding to all risk levels to the evaluation indicators of hydrodynamic conditions and geological characteristics to eliminate the influence of indicator repeatability on the evaluation results. The formula of positive efficacy coefficient is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] The corresponding efficacy coefficient values ​​are as follows:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula and are the positive and negative efficacy coefficient values ​​of the i-th evaluation indicator corresponding to the J risk level; and are the upper and lower limits of the interval of the ith evaluation index, corresponding to the jth risk level; Xi, Xj are the values ​​of the ith evaluation index and the jth index measured by the instrument.

[0026] S220, based on the previous step, weight coupling is performed on the single index coefficient, and the positive and negative multi-index efficacy coefficient values ​​are obtained through weight coupling of the following formula;

[0027]

[0028] S230, output the risk probability, and define the total efficacy coefficient value p as the membership degree corresponding to each risk level, as shown in the following formula;

[0029]

[0030] Preferably, as an improvement, in S320, wi is the comprehensive weight value of the i-th evaluation index, and the specific steps for determining its value are as follows:

[0031] S221, select m tunnel construction water inrush samples, n evaluation indicators, and establish the original matrix B = (b ij ) m×n , and then normalize the original matrix B to obtain the matrix R = (r ij ) m×n .

[0032] S222, determine the entropy value of the evaluation index according to the concept:

[0033]

[0034] S223, the calculation formula of entropy weight wj is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] where wj satisfies

[0037] Needs to be satisfied

[0038] Preferably, as an improvement, the risk probability is outputted. If the probability of sudden water surge level IV is the largest, it means that sudden water surge usually manifests itself in the form of small-scale sudden water surge disasters. The staff can carry out construction according to normal construction procedures and take appropriate conventional measures to control it.

[0039] Preferably, as an improvement, if the sudden water inrush level is III or below, measures such as tunnel geological reinforcement and adjustment of the construction plan are required according to the on-site conditions, and the intervention measures are input into the system for recalculation, and the weights in the positive and negative multi-index efficacy coefficient values ​​are recalculated:

[0040] W=k1W1+k2W2

[0041] Where k1 and k2 are the distribution coefficients of W1 and W2, W1 is determined by the entropy method, and W2 is determined by the hierarchical analysis method. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0042] W=(w1,w2,…,w n )

[0043] Where W is the weight vector of each indicator, wi (i = 1, 2, ...), n) represents the weight of the i-th indicator;

[0044]

[0045] is the geometric mean of the i-th indicator;

[0046]

[0047] Finally, recalculate the risk probability to maximize the probability of the maximum sudden water inrush being level IV, and then proceed with the construction according to the above method.

[0048] The beneficial effects of this program are:

[0049] 1. Through the rapid processing of multi-sensor joint detection and control units, and through real-time collection and analysis of geological and hydrodynamic characteristic data, it is possible to quickly and accurately identify the risk of water and mud bursts inside the tunnel, respond quickly, and take corresponding protective measures in advance. According to the hydrodynamic and geological characteristics of different tunnels, the formation lithology and fracture characteristics are quantified, combined with the groundwater dynamics characteristics, the predicted value of tunnel water inflow is calculated, and combined with the evaluation algorithm, a personalized anti-burst strategy is provided to effectively reduce construction risks and improve construction efficiency.

[0050] 2. According to the amount of water inrush and its degree of hazard, the risk of sudden water inrush is divided into four levels, and corresponding prevention and control measures are provided for different risk levels, which enhances the pertinence and effectiveness of risk management. The system can dynamically adjust and optimize according to the actual situation on site, and adjust the risk assessment results and recommended measures in real time to ensure that the recommendations are applicable and effective to the construction process of the tunnel, ensuring safety and efficiency during the construction process. The system monitors changes in the internal environment of the tunnel in real time and promptly feeds back to operators so that they can respond quickly and reduce the possibility of accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a data processing flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the algorithm of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a cluster risk level diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0056] Example

[0057] The embodiment is basically as follows Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown in Figure 1, a rapid detection method for preventing sudden water inrush based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics is shown in Figure 2. Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0058] S1: Data acquisition unit, collects hydrodynamic condition data and real-time data of geological characteristics. Hydrodynamic conditions include groundwater level and water inflow; Figure 2 As shown, geological characteristics include stratum lithology, rock quality index, stratum occurrence, and topographic and geomorphic index. By collecting comprehensive hydrodynamic and real-time geological characteristic data, the overall picture of geological and hydrological conditions can be reflected, which can accurately reflect the actual situation at the tunnel construction site and provide basic support for subsequent analysis and decision-making.

[0059] S110, using engineering testing instruments to collect data, using advance drilling methods to detect groundwater levels and topography, and to find out the groundwater levels and geological changes ahead in advance;

[0060] S120, using theodolite to measure the occurrence of rock formations, measuring the direction, dip, inclination and thickness of the formations, can understand the distribution and extension direction of the formations, which helps to predict and analyze the possible flow path and permeability of groundwater;

[0061] S130, 75mm double-layer core barrel drilling to obtain the rock quality index RQD value, RQD value is an important parameter to measure rock integrity and stability, the higher the RQD value, the more complete the rock, the better the stability, on the contrary, the rock is broken, the more likely it is to cause water gushing and collapse during tunnel excavation. By double-layer core barrel drilling, complete core samples can be obtained to ensure the accuracy of the measured RQD value.

[0062] S140, quantify the formation lithology into insoluble, weakly soluble, moderately soluble, and strongly soluble, and use the t coefficient to represent it, where the t coefficient calculation formula is as shown in formula (1);

[0063] t=A1B1+A2B2+A3B3(1)

[0064] Among them, B1, B2, B3 are the proportions of strong solubility, medium solubility and weak solubility rock formations respectively, and A1, A2, A3 are the corresponding weight coefficients.

[0065] Calculate the predicted value of tunnel water inflow. The groundwater encountered during tunnel excavation mainly flows into the tunnel through cracks. Therefore, accurately describing and calculating the geometric and hydrodynamic characteristics of the cracks is the key to predicting the water inflow. It combines multiple factors such as crack width, direction, length, spacing, and the height between the groundwater level and the bottom of the tunnel to more comprehensively reflect the process of groundwater flowing into the tunnel through cracks. The independent calculation of different crack groups (J1, J2, ..., Jn) ensures that the model can adapt to the tunnel environment with complex and changeable geological conditions. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, a F(J) is the crack width measured in the field (mm); a j , is the angle between the crack direction and the tunnel axis (°); C j , is the length of the intersection between the crack and the tunnel along the tunnel axis (m); S j is the crack spacing (m); H is the height from the groundwater level to the tunnel bottom (m); J1, J2…Jn are crack groups.

[0068] S2: Data processing unit, which receives data from various sensors, analyzes and processes the data using a judgment algorithm, and assesses the risk of water and mud bursts based on the data of hydrodynamic conditions and geological characteristics;

[0069] According to the tunnel water inflow volume Q, the sudden water inrush level is classified into I, II, III, and IV, representing four levels: dangerous, relatively dangerous, relatively safe, and safe. The number of deaths, direct economic losses, and construction delays are mainly considered. The hydrodynamic and geological conditions of the large tunnel sudden water inrush case are clustered and evaluated. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, principal component 1 is controlled by water inrush and topography, principal component 2 is controlled by groundwater level and rock quality index, and principal component 3 is controlled by rock formation occurrence and stratum lithology. The sudden water inrush level is classified, and the classified risk level is convenient for implementing targeted protection strategies according to actual conditions, optimizing resource allocation, and improving risk management efficiency. Secondly, the tunnel status is calculated and evaluated to determine the current risk level of the tunnel, such as Figure 3 As shown, the algorithm preprocessing structure is specifically as follows:

[0070] S210, assign efficacy coefficient values ​​corresponding to all risk levels to the six evaluation indicators of hydrodynamic conditions and geological characteristics. Different indicators have different impacts on risk assessment. By assigning different efficacy coefficient values, the impact of each indicator is balanced to avoid the final evaluation result being affected by the repeatability or excessive deviation of some indicators, eliminate the impact of indicator repeatability on the evaluation result, and ensure that the influence of each indicator in the evaluation is balanced. The positive efficacy coefficient formula is shown in formula (3), and the corresponding efficacy coefficient value is shown in formula (4):

[0071]

[0072] In the formula and are the positive and negative efficacy coefficient values ​​of the i-th evaluation indicator corresponding to the J risk level; and are the upper and lower limits of the interval of the ith evaluation index, corresponding to the jth risk level; Xi, Xj are the values ​​of the ith evaluation index and the jth index measured by the instrument.

[0073] S220, based on the previous step, weight coupling is performed on the single indicator coefficient. Since water inrush refers to the phenomenon that groundwater suddenly flows into underground projects or mines in geological structures, it is a complex, nonlinear dynamic geological phenomenon. This means that the occurrence of water inrush does not only depend on a single factor, but is the result of the interaction of multiple influencing factors. The analysis of a single indicator may not be comprehensive enough. Therefore, it is necessary to use weighted coupling to comprehensively evaluate the risk status of the tunnel by combining the efficacy coefficient values ​​of multiple indicators. The comprehensive analysis can more accurately reflect the actual risk situation of the tunnel and improve the accuracy of the evaluation results. Therefore, the positive and negative efficacy coefficient values ​​calculated by S221 are squared. By coupling with the weights in (5) and (6), the positive and negative multi-indicator efficacy coefficient values ​​are obtained;

[0074]

[0075] wi is the comprehensive weight value of the i-th evaluation index. The weight determined by the entropy weight method can more reasonably distribute the influence of each index in the evaluation and ensure the scientificity and reliability of the evaluation results. The specific steps to determine its value are as follows:

[0076] S221, select m tunnel construction water inrush samples, n evaluation indicators, and establish the original matrix B = (b ij ) m×n , and then normalize the original matrix B to obtain the matrix R = (r ij ) m×n .

[0077] S222, determine the entropy value of the evaluation index according to the concept:

[0078]

[0079] S223, the calculation formula of entropy weight wj is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] where wj satisfies

[0082] Needs to be satisfied

[0083] S230, output the risk probability, and define the total efficacy coefficient value p as the membership degree corresponding to each risk level, as shown in formula (10);

[0084]

[0085] S3: The data processing unit outputs the evaluation results of water burst prevention and the corresponding recommended measures. The operators take corresponding water burst prevention measures according to the evaluation results. The risk of water burst in the tunnel is divided into different levels. Each level corresponds to different construction strategies and protective measures, which effectively guide the actual operation of the construction site and ensure safety and efficiency.

[0086] Output the risk probability. If the probability of sudden water surge level IV is the highest, it means that sudden water surge usually manifests itself in the form of small-scale sudden water surge disasters. Workers can carry out construction according to normal construction procedures and take appropriate conventional measures to control it.

[0087] If the water inrush level is III or below, it means that the construction process is prone to cause medium-sized water inrush disasters. At this time, the staff needs to take corresponding measures to intervene according to the on-site conditions, such as tunnel geological reinforcement, adjustment of construction plans, etc., and input the intervention measures into the system. The system will recalculate according to different measures and recalculate the weights of the positive and negative multi-index efficacy coefficient values ​​through the combined assignment method:

[0088] W=k1W1+k2W2(11)

[0089] Where k1 and k2 are the distribution coefficients of W1 and W2, W1 is determined by the entropy method, and W2 is determined by the hierarchical analysis method. The calculation formula is as follows (12):

[0090] W=(w1,w2,…,w n )(12)

[0091] Where W is the weight vector of each indicator, wi (i = 1, 2, ...), n) represents the weight of the i-th indicator;

[0092]

[0093] is the geometric mean of the i-th indicator;

[0094]

[0095] Recalculate the risk probability to maximize the probability of the maximum sudden water inrush being level IV, and then proceed with the construction according to the above method.

[0096] During the construction process, geological conditions and hydrodynamic conditions may change. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the weights of various indicators to ensure that the assessment model always reflects the latest on-site conditions and ensures the real-time and accuracy of the assessment results; recalculating the risk probability under the new weight system can ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the assessment results and avoid risk misjudgment due to unreasonable weights; based on the new risk probability results, the construction party can more reasonably allocate manpower, materials and equipment and optimize the configuration of construction resources.

[0097] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A rapid detection method for preventing sudden water inrush based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics, characterized by: A rapid detection method for preventing sudden water inrush based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics, the specific steps are as follows: S1: Data acquisition unit, which collects real-time data on hydrodynamic conditions and geological characteristics. Hydrodynamic conditions include groundwater level and water inflow; geological characteristics include stratum lithology, rock quality index, rock formation occurrence, and topographic and geomorphic index; S2: Data processing unit, which receives data from various sensors, analyzes and processes the data using a judgment algorithm, and assesses the risk of water and mud bursts based on the data of hydrodynamic conditions and geological characteristics; S3: Output the evaluation results. The data processing unit outputs the sudden-outburst prevention evaluation results and corresponding recommended measures. The operator takes corresponding sudden-outburst prevention measures based on the evaluation results.

2. A method for rapid detection of water inrush safety based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of collection in S1 are: S110, using advance drilling method to detect groundwater level and topography; S120, using theodolite to measure the occurrence of rock formations, and measure the strike, dip, inclination and thickness of the formations; S130, using double-layer core barrel drilling to obtain the rock quality index RQD value.

3. A method for rapid detection of water inrush safety based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S1, the formation lithology is quantified as insoluble, weakly soluble, moderately soluble, and strongly soluble, and is represented by the t coefficient; t=A1B1+A2B2+A3B3 Calculate the predicted value of tunnel water inflow using the following formula:

4. A method for rapid detection of water inrush safety based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics according to claim 3, characterized in that: According to the tunnel water inrush volume Q, the sudden water inrush level is classified into I, II, III, and IV, representing four levels: dangerous, relatively dangerous, relatively safe, and safe. The number of deaths, direct economic losses, and construction delays are mainly considered. A cluster analysis and evaluation is conducted through the hydrodynamic and geological conditions factors of large tunnel sudden water inrush cases.

5. A method for rapid detection of water inrush safety based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S2, the tunnel status is calculated and evaluated to determine the current risk level of the tunnel. The algorithm preprocessing is as follows: S210, assigning efficacy coefficient values ​​corresponding to all risk levels to the evaluation indicators of hydrodynamic conditions and geological characteristics to eliminate the influence of indicator repeatability on the evaluation results. The formula of positive efficacy coefficient is as follows: The corresponding efficacy coefficient values ​​are as follows: S220, based on the previous step, weight coupling is performed on the single index coefficient, and the positive and negative multi-index efficacy coefficient values ​​are obtained through weight coupling of the following formula; S230, output the risk probability, and define the total efficacy coefficient value p as the membership degree corresponding to each risk level, as shown in the following formula; 。 6. A method for rapid detection of water inrush safety based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S320, wi is the comprehensive weight value of the i-th evaluation index, and the specific steps for determining its value are as follows: S221, select m tunnel construction water inrush samples, n evaluation indicators, and establish the original matrix B = (b ij ) m×n , and then normalize the original matrix B to obtain the matrix R = (r ij ) m×n ; S222, determine the entropy value of the evaluation index according to the concept: S223, the calculation formula of entropy weight wj is as follows: where wj satisfies Needs to be satisfied 7. A method for rapid detection of water inrush safety based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics according to claim 6, characterized in that: Output the risk probability. If the probability of sudden water surge level IV is the highest, it means that sudden water surge usually manifests itself in the form of small-scale sudden water surge disasters. Workers can carry out construction according to normal construction procedures and take appropriate conventional measures to control it.

8. A method for rapid detection of water inrush safety based on geological and hydrodynamic characteristics according to claim 7, characterized in that: If the sudden water inrush level is III or below, measures such as tunnel geological reinforcement and adjustment of construction plan shall be carried out according to the on-site conditions. The intervention measures shall be input into the system for recalculation and the weights in the positive and negative multi-index efficacy coefficient values ​​shall be recalculated: Where k1 and k2 are the distribution coefficients of W1 and W2, W1 is determined by the entropy method, and W2 is determined by the hierarchical analysis method. The calculation formula is as follows: Where W is the weight vector of each indicator, wi (i = 1, 2, ...), n) represents the weight of the i-th indicator; is the geometric mean of the i-th indicator; ) Finally, recalculate the risk probability to maximize the probability of the maximum sudden water inrush being level IV, and then proceed with the construction according to the above method.

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