Bottle opening self-heating device for high-pressure hydrogen
By designing a self-heating device at the port of the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder, the pressure is converted into heat by throttling the hydrogen gas, the problem of seal failure in low-temperature environment is solved, and the safety and stability of the hydrogen storage system are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411535957.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
The high-pressure hydrogen storage system fails in sealing ring material in low temperature environments, causing safety risks, especially in high-altitude areas in the north.
Design a high-pressure hydrogen cylinder port self-heating device, which uses the negative coke soup effect generated by hydrogen during the throttling process to convert the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen into heat through the throttling orifice and overflow valve core structure, and the heating bottle port valve and downstream Pressure regulating valve to avoid hydrogen leakage.
The thermal energy conversion without risk of external leakage is achieved, the leakage risk of hydrogen storage system is reduced, the noise caused by external pressure reduction is reduced, and the pressure is reduced in the gas cylinder, improving the safety of the system.
Smart Images
Figure CN119244779A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage, and in particular relates to a bottle mouth self-heating device for high-pressure hydrogen. Background Art
[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells or hydrogen internal combustion engines are important technical means to achieve emission reduction and decarbonization in the transportation sector, especially in the northern high-cold areas. Due to the low-temperature performance attenuation characteristics of power batteries, hydrogen energy has become almost the only effective technical means. However, hydrogen storage systems also face low-temperature challenges. A large number of O-rings are used in important accessories of hydrogen storage systems, such as bottle valves and pressure reducing valves, to seal high-pressure hydrogen. In terms of the current technical level of materials used in O-rings, the minimum operating temperature limit is -40°C. In China, more than half of the land area has extreme temperatures below -40°C in winter. In addition, the temperature of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles will drop due to the expansion effect during the release of hydrogen. Even if the ambient temperature is -40°C, the actual hydrogen temperature will be lower than -40°C. Too low a temperature hardens the sealing ring material, causing sealing failure and creating great safety risks. These failures have been verified through market feedback and have become problems that need to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention
[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a self-heating device for the bottle mouth of high-pressure hydrogen, the interior of the valve body is a cavity structure, the upper part of the valve body is provided with an air outlet, the bottom of the cavity is provided with a valve seat, the upper surface of the valve seat and the internal limit platform of the valve body form a second cavity, the boss part of the plunger slides in the second cavity, the columnar part of the plunger is inserted into the interior of the valve seat, the lower outer side of the columnar part of the plunger is provided with a pressure reducing valve spring, the bottom of the valve seat is provided with a throttling hole, the upper part of the columnar part of the plunger contacts the inner wall of the valve seat, a gas channel is provided in the plunger, the gas channel is open on both sides at the lower part of the plunger, and the gas channel is open upward at the upper part of the plunger,
[0004] The upper part of the cavity structure is a first cavity, in which an overflow valve core is arranged, the lower side of the overflow valve core contacts the inner wall of the valve body, an overflow valve spring is arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the overflow valve core, and a gas channel is arranged in the overflow valve core, the gas channel is open on both sides at the upper part of the overflow valve core, and the gas channel is open downward at the lower part of the overflow valve core.
[0005] In the above-mentioned high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device, a sealing block is provided at the bottom of the columnar part of the plunger at a position relative to the throttling hole.
[0006] In the above-mentioned high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device, the shape of the overflow valve core matches the gas outlet hole.
[0007] In the above-mentioned high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device, an overflow hole is provided on the top of the overflow valve core, so that the gas channel in the overflow valve core is connected with the gas outlet hole.
[0008] In the above-mentioned high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device, an O-ring is provided at the position where the side surface of the plunger boss part contacts the inner wall of the valve body.
[0009] In the above-mentioned high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device, a retaining ring and an O-ring are provided at the position where the outer side of the valve seat contacts the inner wall of the valve body.
[0010] In the above-mentioned high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device, a filter screen is provided at the bottom of the throttle hole, and a clamping nut is used to clamp the filter screen.
[0011] The above-mentioned high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device has a disassembly hole at the bottom of the valve seat.
[0012] The present invention utilizes the characteristic that hydrogen produces a negative coke soup effect when throttled under certain temperature and pressure conditions, that is, the gas temperature rises after throttling. The innovative device is installed on the bottle mouth valve, located in the high-pressure gas cylinder, and the high-pressure hydrogen produces a throttling effect when passing through the device, the temperature rises, and the pressure drops. The heat generated will heat the bottle mouth valve and the downstream pressure regulating valve, etc., to avoid the risk of hydrogen leakage caused by too low temperature.
[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects
[0014] (1) The present invention utilizes the pressure energy of high-pressure hydrogen to convert it into thermal energy without any additional energy consumption.
[0015] (2) The device of the present invention is located inside the gas cylinder and has no risk of leakage.
[0016] (3) In the present invention, the high-pressure hydrogen is depressurized before leaving the gas cylinder, which can reduce the leakage risk of the downstream hydrogen storage system.
[0017] (4) The present invention has a built-in decompression device in the gas cylinder, thereby avoiding the throttling noise caused by an external decompression device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottle mouth self-heating device for high-pressure hydrogen.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the self-heating device for the bottle mouth of high-pressure hydrogen when hydrogen is used in hydrogen-using equipment.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the self-heating device at the bottle mouth of high-pressure hydrogen when the hydrogen-using equipment stops or reduces the use of hydrogen.
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the self-heating device at the bottle mouth of high-pressure hydrogen when the downstream hydrogen-using equipment fails.
[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the bottle mouth self-heating device of high-pressure hydrogen when in use.
[0023] Markings in the figure are: 1 valve body; 2 overflow hole; 3 overflow valve core; 4 overflow valve spring; 5 plunger; 6 pressure reducing valve spring; 7 valve seat; 8 throttle hole; 9 filter screen; 10 tightening nut; 11 first cavity; 12 limit table; 13 retaining ring; 14 O-ring; 15 second cavity; 16 sealing block; 17 disassembly hole; 18 air outlet; 19 bottle valve; 20 gas cylinder; 21 bottle mouth self-heating device for high-pressure hydrogen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] Example 1
[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a self-heating device for the bottle mouth of high-pressure hydrogen, the valve body 1 has a cavity structure inside, an air outlet 18 is arranged on the upper part of the valve body 1, a valve seat 7 is arranged at the bottom of the cavity, the upper surface of the valve seat 7 and the internal limit platform 12 of the valve body 1 form a second cavity 15, the boss part of the plunger 5 slides up and down in the second cavity 15, the columnar part of the plunger 5 is inserted into the valve seat 7, the outer side of the lower part of the columnar part of the plunger 5 is provided with a pressure reducing valve spring 6, and a throttling hole 8 is arranged at the bottom of the valve seat 7, and the throttling hole 8 is mainly used to reduce the pressure of the gas and increase the temperature of the gas; the plunger The upper part of the columnar part of 5 contacts the inner wall of the valve seat 7, a gas channel is provided in the plunger 5, the gas channel is open on both sides at the lower part of the plunger 5, and the gas channel is open upward at the upper part of the plunger 5, the upper part of the cavity structure is a first cavity 11, an overflow valve core 3 is provided in the first cavity 11, the lower side of the overflow valve core 3 contacts the inner wall of the valve body 1, an overflow valve spring 4 is provided on the outer side of the upper part of the overflow valve core 3, a gas channel is provided in the overflow valve core 3, the gas channel is open on both sides at the upper part of the overflow valve core 3, and the gas channel is open downward at the lower part of the overflow valve core 3.
[0026] A sealing block 16 is provided at the bottom of the columnar portion of the plunger 5 , at a position opposite to the throttle hole 8 , and the sealing block 16 is used to block the throttle hole 8 .
[0027] The shape of the overflow valve core 3 matches the air outlet hole 18 .
[0028] The overflow hole 2 is used to maintain the minimum flow upstream and downstream of the overflow valve after the overflow valve is closed, so that the overflow valve can be opened automatically when the downstream pipeline is restored.
[0029] The overflow valve core 3 can open and close the flow channel under the action of spring force and upstream and downstream pressure difference.
[0030] The overflow valve spring 4 keeps the overflow valve in a normally open state.
[0031] The plunger 5 opens and closes the orifice 8 under the action of the spring force and the pressure of the upper and lower surfaces.
[0032] The pressure reducing valve spring 6 keeps the pressure reducing valve in the normally open position.
[0033] An O-ring 14 is provided at a position where the side surface of the boss portion of the plunger 5 contacts the inner wall of the valve body 1 .
[0034] A retaining ring 13 and an O-ring 14 are provided at the position where the outer side of the valve seat 7 contacts the inner wall of the valve body 1. The function of the O-ring 14 is to seal the gas. The function of the retaining ring 13 is to prevent the O-ring 14 from being squeezed out under high pressure.
[0035] A filter screen 9 is provided at the bottom of the throttle hole 8 , and the filter screen 9 can reduce impurities from entering the pressure reducing valve. The clamping nut 10 is used to clamp the filter screen 9 .
[0036] A disassembly hole 17 for disassembling the valve seat is provided at the bottom of the valve seat 7.
[0037] When the self-heating device of the high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth is in use, Figure 2 As shown, when the hydrogen-using equipment starts to use hydrogen, the downstream hydrogen pressure drops. The upstream high-pressure hydrogen passes through the filter screen 9, pushes the plunger 5 upward, and the throttle hole 8 opens. The hydrogen passes through the gas channel of the plunger 5 upward, and then passes through the gas channel of the overflow valve core 3. The hydrogen flows out from the openings on both sides of the overflow valve core 3, enters the outlet hole 18 from the top side of the overflow valve core 3, and then flows to the downstream. Due to the throttling effect of the throttle hole 8, the hydrogen pressure drops and the temperature rises.
[0038] When the downstream hydrogen-using equipment stops using hydrogen or the amount of hydrogen used decreases, such as Figure 3 As shown, the pressure behind the throttle hole 8 begins to rise. Since the upper surface area of the boss portion of the plunger 5 is larger than the lower surface area of the columnar portion of the plunger 5, as the pressure increases, the plunger 5 moves downward to close the throttle hole 8, thereby controlling the downstream pressure within the set value range.
[0039] When the downstream pipeline or valve ruptures and causes a large amount of leakage, such as Figure 4 As shown, the overflow valve core 3 overcomes the spring force of the overflow valve spring 4 under the action of gas resistance, so that the overflow valve core 3 is seated, so that the gas only flows out through the overflow hole 2, and the leakage is limited to the minimum flow rate.
[0040] When the downstream fault is repaired, the pressure difference is reduced to the set value, and the relief valve core 3 reopens under the action of the spring force and returns to normal flow.
[0041] The self-heating device 21 of the high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth is located in the gas bottle 20, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pressure energy of high-pressure hydrogen is converted into thermal energy, and the generated heat will heat the bottle valve 19 and the downstream pressure regulating valve, etc., to avoid the risk of hydrogen leakage caused by too low temperature.
[0042] The functional test of the present invention was carried out at the Shanghai Motor Vehicle Inspection and Certification Technology. The temperature of the functional sample increased by >10°C under the pressure of 35MPa. According to the simulation, a temperature increase of 26°C can be achieved under the pressure of 70MPa.
Claims
1. A self-heating device for a high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth, characterized in that: The interior of the valve body (1) is a cavity structure. An air outlet (18) is provided at the upper part of the valve body (1). A valve seat (7) is provided at the bottom of the cavity. The upper surface of the valve seat (7) and the internal limit platform (12) of the valve body (1) form a second cavity (15). The boss portion of the plunger (5) slides in the second cavity (15). The columnar portion of the plunger (5) is inserted into the interior of the valve seat (7). A pressure reducing valve spring (6) is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the columnar portion of the plunger (5). A throttling hole (8) is provided at the bottom of the valve seat (7). The upper part of the columnar portion of the plunger (5) contacts the inner wall of the valve seat (7). A gas channel is provided in the plunger (5). The gas channel is open on both sides at the lower part of the plunger (5), and is open upward at the upper part of the plunger (5). The upper part of the cavity structure is a first cavity (11), a relief valve core (3) is arranged in the first cavity (11), the lower side of the relief valve core (3) is in contact with the inner wall of the valve body (1), a relief valve spring (4) is arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the relief valve core (3), a gas channel is arranged in the relief valve core (3), the gas channel is open on both sides at the upper part of the relief valve core (3), and the gas channel is open downward at the lower part of the relief valve core (3).
2. A high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing block (16) is provided at the bottom of the columnar part of the plunger (5) at a position opposite to the throttle hole (8).
3. A high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the overflow valve core (3) matches the air outlet hole (18).
4. A high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An overflow hole (2) is provided on the top of the overflow valve core (3), so that the gas passage in the overflow valve core (3) is connected to the gas outlet hole (18).
5. A high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An O-ring (14) is provided at a position where the side surface of the boss portion of the plunger (5) contacts the inner wall of the valve body (1).
6. A high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retaining ring (13) and an O-ring (14) are provided at a position where the outer side of the valve seat (7) contacts the inner wall of the valve body (1).
7. A high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen (9) is provided at the bottom of the throttle hole (8), and a clamping nut (10) is used to clamp the filter screen (9).
8. A high-pressure hydrogen bottle mouth self-heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A disassembly hole (17) is provided at the bottom of the valve seat (7).