Lithium battery negative electrode graphite constant-power graphitization system and operation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium battery cathode graphite constant power graphitization system and an operation method, the system comprises a carrying mechanism, a water flow control mechanism and a transformer, the carrying mechanism comprises an annular water tank and a plurality of mobile ships, each mobile ship is provided with a graphitization furnace, and each graphitization furnace is internally provided with a temperature sensor; the water flow control mechanism is used for controlling the water flow direction in the annular water tank so as to drive all the movable ships to move. The system has the beneficial effects that the water flow direction in the annular water tank is controlled through the water flow control mechanism so as to drive the moving boats to move, the graphitization furnaces sequentially pass through the heating areas, and the transformer supplies power to the graphitization furnaces in all the heating areas at the same time, so that after the system operates stably, the total heating power can be kept approximately stable, and the service life of the graphitization furnaces is prolonged. Therefore, the power demand in the heating process is more stable, the power utilization rate of the transformer is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of graphitization, and in particular to a constant-power graphitization system and an operation method for negative electrode graphite of a lithium battery. Background Art

[0002] The negative electrode graphitization system of lithium batteries is a crucial part of the lithium battery manufacturing process, which mainly involves the process of converting carbonaceous materials into graphite carbon with a three-dimensional regular and ordered structure of graphite. Graphitization refers to the process in which non-graphite carbon is heated to above 2000°C in a protective medium in a high-temperature electric furnace or in an airtight state, so that the hexagonal carbon atom plane network layer stacking structure is perfected and developed, and transformed into graphite carbon with a three-dimensional regular and ordered structure of graphite. This process is mainly achieved through high-temperature heat treatment (HTT), and the temperature range is usually between 2300~3000°C, and the specific temperature depends on the required degree of graphitization and material properties.

[0003] The most widely used equipment in the industry is the Acheson furnace, named after the inventor Acheson. This type of furnace is built with a long furnace body made of refractory materials, and carbon blanks and granular materials are loaded to form a conductive furnace core. The carbon blanks are heated by the resistance material to turn into artificial graphite at high temperature. Since the characteristic of the resistance material is that the resistivity decreases with the increase of temperature, during the heating process of the graphitization furnace, the temperature of the resistance material continues to rise, and the resistivity of the resistance material gradually decreases, resulting in a gradual increase in heating power. This causes the load of the power supply transformer to be low in the initial heating stage and high in the later heating stage. Therefore, it is necessary to purchase a high-power transformer for power supply, and the power utilization rate of the transformer is not high in the initial heating stage, which increases the production cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a constant-power graphitization system and operation method for negative electrode graphite of a lithium battery, so as to solve the technical problem that the transformer for powering the graphitization furnace in the prior art has a low load at the initial stage of heating and a high load at the later stage of heating, so it is necessary to purchase a high-power transformer for power supply, and the power utilization rate of the transformer is not high at the initial stage of heating, which increases the production cost.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a lithium battery negative electrode graphite constant power graphitization system, comprising: A transport mechanism, the transport mechanism comprising an annular water tank and a plurality of mobile boats, each of the mobile boats is equipped with a graphitization furnace, and each of the graphitization furnaces is provided with a temperature sensor; A water flow control mechanism, the water flow control mechanism is used to control the direction of water flow in the annular water tank to drive each mobile ship to move; and A transformer, wherein the output end of the transformer is electrically connected to the graphitization furnaces of the mobile ship located in the plurality of heating zones.

[0006] In some embodiments, the width of the annular water tank is equal at all locations, and the transverse width and longitudinal width of the mobile ship are equal and smaller than the width of the annular water tank; The mobile ship comprises a hull and a plurality of clamping members, wherein the plurality of clamping members are respectively arranged in various directions of the hull; The clamping part includes a clamping cylinder, a mounting block, a spring and a friction plate. The cylinder body of the clamping cylinder is fixed to the hull, the output shaft of the clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting block, the two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting block and the friction plate, and the friction plate is used to abut against the inner wall of the annular water tank.

[0007] In some embodiments, the water flow control mechanism includes a first gate, a second gate, a main water pump, a water inlet pump and a drainage pump. The first gate and the second gate are both arranged in the annular water tank. The side of the first gate away from the second gate is the first water inlet side, the side of the first gate close to the second gate is the first drainage side, the side of the second gate close to the first gate is the second water inlet side, and the side of the second gate away from the first gate is the second drainage side. The inlet of the main water pump is connected to the first water inlet side, the outlet of the main water pump is connected to the second drainage side, the inlet of the water inlet pump is connected to the first water inlet side, the outlet of the water inlet pump is connected to the first drainage side, the inlet of the drainage pump is connected to the second water inlet side, and the outlet of the drainage pump is connected to the second drainage side.

[0008] In some embodiments, the inlet of the main water pump is connected to the first water inlet side via a first connecting pipe, and the outlet of the main water pump is connected to the second water outlet side via a second connecting pipe.

[0009] In some embodiments, the inlet of the water inlet pump is connected to the first water inlet side via a third connecting pipe, and the outlet of the water inlet pump is connected to the first water outlet side via a fourth connecting pipe.

[0010] In some embodiments, the inlet of the drain pump is connected to the second water inlet side via a fifth connecting pipe, and the outlet of the drain pump is connected to the second drain side via a sixth connecting pipe.

[0011] In some embodiments, vertically extending first slots are symmetrically arranged on the two inner side walls of the annular water tank, and the first gate includes a first gate plate and a first elevator. The first gate plate is slidably arranged in the first slot, and the first elevator is connected to the first gate plate and is used to drive the first gate plate to move up and down.

[0012] In some embodiments, vertically extending second slots are symmetrically arranged on the two inner side walls of the annular water tank, and the second gate includes a second gate plate and a second elevator. The second gate plate is slidably arranged in the second slot, and the second elevator is connected to the second gate plate and is used to drive the second gate plate to move up and down.

[0013] In some embodiments, the output end of the transformer is electrically connected to the graphitization furnaces of the mobile ship located in several heating zones via several wires.

[0014] The present invention also provides an operation method of a constant-power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of a lithium battery, which is applicable to the constant-power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of a lithium battery and comprises the following steps: S1. Control the water flow direction in the annular water tank 11 through the water flow control mechanism 2 to drive each mobile ship 12 to move, thereby driving the graphitization furnace to pass through the loading station, heating station, cooling station and unloading station in sequence; S2. When any mobile ship moves to the loading station, the mobile ship is fixed, and then the graphitization furnace on the mobile ship is loaded. After the loading is completed, the mobile ship is unfixed, and the mobile ship moves along the water flow again; S3. The heating station is divided into several heating zones, each of which has a preset heating target temperature, and the heating target temperature of each heating zone increases in sequence along the moving direction of the mobile ship. When any graphitization furnace moves to a certain heating zone, the mobile ship is fixed, and then the output end of the transformer is electrically connected to the connector of the graphitization furnace on the mobile ship. The temperature of the graphitization furnace is detected during heating. When the temperature reaches the heating target temperature, the output end of the transformer is disconnected from the connector of the graphitization furnace, and the fixation of the mobile ship is released. The mobile ship then moves along the water flow to move the graphitization furnace to the next heating zone, and continues to heat in the next heating zone. The transformer supplies power to the graphitization furnaces in all heating zones at the same time; S4. When any mobile ship moves to the cooling station, the graphitization furnace on the mobile ship is cooled; S5. When any mobile ship moves to the unloading station, the mobile ship is fixed and the graphitization furnace on the mobile ship is unloaded. After the unloading is completed, the mobile ship is released and moves along the water flow.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the lithium battery negative electrode graphite constant power graphitization system and operation method device provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the water flow direction in the annular water tank is controlled by a water flow control mechanism to drive each mobile ship to move, so that each graphitization furnace passes through each heating zone in turn, and the heating target temperature of each heating zone is different. When the graphitization furnace passes through each heating zone in turn, the temperature gradually increases, the heating power of the heating zone with a high heating target temperature is high, and the heating power of the heating zone with a low heating target temperature is low. However, since the transformer supplies power to the graphitization furnaces in all heating zones at the same time, after the system is stably running, the total heating power can be kept roughly stable, so that the power demand in the heating process is more stable, the power utilization rate of the transformer is improved, and the production cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a constant-power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of a lithium battery provided by one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile ship; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a clamping member; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Structural diagram of the water flow control mechanism; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first gate in FIG. Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second gate in FIG. Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-carrying mechanism, 11-annular water tank, 12-mobile boat, 121-hull, 122-clamping member, 1221-clamping cylinder, 1222-mounting block, 1223-spring, 1224-friction plate, 2-water flow control mechanism, 21-first gate, 2101-first gate plate, 2102-first elevator, 211-first water inlet side, 212-first drainage side, 22-second gate, 2201-second gate plate, 2202-second Elevator, 221-second water inlet side, 222-second drainage side, 23-main water pump, 231-first connecting pipe, 232-second connecting pipe, 24-water inlet pump, 241-third connecting pipe, 242-fourth connecting pipe, 25-drainage pump, 251-fifth connecting pipe, 252-sixth connecting pipe, 3-transformer, 31-wire, 4-graphitization furnace, A1-loading station, A2-heating station, A21-heating zone, A3-cooling station, A4-unloading station. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] In order to solve the technical problem that the transformer supplying power to the graphitization furnace has a low load in the initial stage of heating and a high load in the later stage of heating, so it is necessary to purchase a high-power transformer for power supply, and the power utilization rate of the transformer is not high in the initial stage of heating, which increases the production cost, the present invention provides a lithium battery negative electrode graphite constant power graphitization system and an operation method, which can make the power demand in the heating process of the graphitization furnace more stable, improve the power utilization rate of the transformer, and reduce the production cost.

[0019] It should be noted that the lithium battery negative electrode graphite constant power graphitization system and operation method described in the present invention are used for but not limited to graphitization systems, etc. For the convenience of explanation, in the present invention, only the constant power graphitization system and operation method of lithium battery negative electrode graphite are applied to the graphitization system as an example for explanation, and the principles of applying the constant power graphitization system and operation method of lithium battery negative electrode graphite to other types of equipment are substantially the same as those applied to the graphitization system, which will not be described one by one here.

[0020] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a constant-power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of a lithium battery in one embodiment of the present invention. The constant-power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of a lithium battery includes a carrying mechanism 1, a water flow control mechanism 2 and a transformer 3.

[0021] The transport mechanism 1 includes an annular water tank 11 and a plurality of mobile ships 12, each of the mobile ships 12 is equipped with a graphitization furnace 4, and each of the graphitization furnaces 4 is provided with a temperature sensor; The water flow control mechanism 2 is used to control the water flow direction in the annular water tank 11 to drive each mobile ship 12 to move; The output end of the transformer 3 is electrically connected to the graphitization furnaces 4 of the mobile ships 12 located in several heating zones.

[0022] When in use, the water flow direction in the annular water tank 11 is controlled by the water flow control mechanism 2 to drive each mobile ship 12 to move, thereby driving the graphitization furnace 4 thereon to pass through the loading station A1, the heating station A2, the cooling station A3 and the unloading station A4 in sequence; when any mobile ship 12 moves to the loading station A1, the mobile ship 12 is fixed, and then the graphitization furnace 4 on the mobile ship 12 is loaded, and after the loading is completed, the fixation of the mobile ship 12 is released, and the mobile ship 12 moves along the water flow again; the heating station A2 is divided into a plurality of heating zones A21, each heating zone A21 has a preset heating target temperature, and along the moving direction of the mobile ship 12, the heating target temperature of each heating zone A21 increases in sequence, and when any graphitization furnace 4 moves to a certain heating zone A21, the mobile ship 12 is fixed, and then the transformer The output end of the transformer 3 is electrically connected to the connector of the graphitization furnace 4 on the mobile ship 12, and the temperature of the graphitization furnace 4 is detected during heating. When the temperature reaches the heating target temperature, the connection between the output end of the transformer 3 and the connector of the graphitization furnace 4 is disconnected, and the fixation of the mobile ship 12 is released. The mobile ship 12 moves along the water flow again, so that the graphitization furnace 4 moves to the next heating zone A21, and continues to heat in the next heating zone A21. The transformer 3 supplies power to the graphitization furnaces in all heating zones A21 at the same time; when any mobile ship 12 moves to the cooling station A3, the graphitization furnace 4 on the mobile ship 12 is cooled; when any mobile ship 12 moves to the unloading station A4, the mobile ship 12 is fixed, and the graphitization furnace 4 on the mobile ship 12 is unloaded. After the unloading is completed, the fixation of the mobile ship 12 is released, and the mobile ship 12 moves along the water flow again.

[0023] The technical solution provided by the present invention controls the water flow direction in the annular water tank 11 through the water flow control mechanism 2 to drive each mobile ship 12 to move, so that each graphitization furnace 4 passes through each heating zone A21 in turn. The heating target temperature of each heating zone A21 is different. When the graphitization furnace 4 passes through each heating zone A21 in turn, the temperature gradually increases. The heating power of the heating zone A21 with a high heating target temperature is high, and the heating power of the heating zone A21 with a low heating target temperature is low. However, since the transformer 3 supplies power to the graphitization furnaces 4 in all heating zones A21 at the same time, after the system is stably running, the total heating power can be kept roughly stable, so that the power demand in the heating process is more stable, the power utilization rate of the transformer 3 is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

[0024] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2The width of the annular water tank 11 is equal at all places, the lateral width and longitudinal width of the mobile boat 12 are equal and smaller than the width of the annular water tank 11; the mobile boat 12 includes a hull 121 and a plurality of clamping members 122, and the plurality of clamping members 122 are respectively arranged in various directions of the hull 121, and the clamping members 122 are used to extend out and clamp the hull 121 in the annular water tank 11.

[0025] In one embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 3 The clamping member 122 includes a clamping cylinder 1221, a mounting block 1222, a spring 1223 and a friction plate 1224. The cylinder body of the clamping cylinder 1221 is fixed to the hull 121. The output shaft of the clamping cylinder 1221 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 1222. The two ends of the spring 1223 are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting block 1222 and the friction plate 1224. The friction plate 1224 is used to abut against the inner side wall of the annular water tank 11. When in use, when the hull 121 needs to be clamped in the annular water tank 11, the output shafts of the clamping cylinders 1221 of the two clamping members 122 that are opposite and close to the side wall of the annular water tank 11 are extended, so that the friction plate 1224 is tightly abutted against the inner side wall of the annular water tank 11, thereby achieving clamping. At the same time, after being clamped, the hull 121 is fastened to the pillars on the shore through fixing ropes to achieve multiple fixation.

[0026] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 The water flow control mechanism 2 includes a first gate 21, a second gate 22, a main water pump 23, a water inlet pump 24 and a water discharge pump 25. The first gate 21 and the second gate 22 are both arranged in the annular water tank 11. The side of the first gate 21 away from the second gate 22 is a first water inlet side 211, the side of the first gate 21 close to the second gate 22 is a first discharge side 212, and the side of the second gate 22 close to the first gate 21 is a second water inlet side 221. The side of the second gate 22 away from the first gate 21 is the second drainage side 222, the inlet of the main water pump 23 is connected to the first water inlet side 211, the outlet of the main water pump 23 is connected to the second drainage side 222, the inlet of the water inlet pump 24 is connected to the first water inlet side 211, the outlet of the water inlet pump 24 is connected to the first drainage side 212, the inlet of the drainage pump 25 is connected to the second water inlet side 221, and the outlet of the drainage pump 25 is connected to the second drainage side 222.

[0027] When in use, the main water pump 23 pumps the water from the first water inlet side 211 to the second water outlet side 222, so that the water in the annular water tank flows in a directional manner. The number of main water pumps 23 can be set to be multiple, thereby improving the drainage capacity and making the water flow rate reach the set flow rate. In order to allow the mobile ship 12 to pass through the first gate 21 and the second gate 22, under normal circumstances, the first gate 21 and the second gate 22 are both in a closed state. When a mobile ship 12 reaches the first water inlet side 211, the drainage pump 25 is used to pump the water between the first gate 21 and the second gate 22. The water in the middle area (hereinafter referred to as the middle area) is pumped to the second drainage side 222, so that the water depth in the middle area is slightly lower than the first water inlet side 211, and then the first gate 21 is opened, and the mobile ship 12 enters the middle area through the first gate 21, and then the first gate 21 is closed, and then the water inlet pump 24 is opened to pump the water from the first water inlet side 211 to the middle area, so that the water depth in the middle area is slightly higher than the second drainage side 222, and then the second gate 22 is opened, and the mobile ship 12 enters the second drainage side 222 through the second gate 22, and then the second gate 22 is closed. Thus, the mobile ship 12 can pass through the first gate 21 and the second gate 22 through the above method.

[0028] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 The inlet of the main water pump 23 is connected to the first water inlet side 211 via a first connecting pipe 231 , and the outlet of the main water pump 23 is connected to the second water discharge side 222 via a second connecting pipe 232 .

[0029] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 The inlet of the water inlet pump 24 is connected to the first water inlet side 211 via the third connecting pipe 241 , and the outlet of the water inlet pump 24 is connected to the first water outlet side 212 via the fourth connecting pipe 242 .

[0030] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 The inlet of the drainage pump 25 is connected to the second water inlet side 221 via a fifth connecting pipe 251 , and the outlet of the drainage pump 25 is connected to the second drainage side 222 via a sixth connecting pipe 252 .

[0031] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 6 , vertically extending first slots are symmetrically arranged on the two inner side walls of the annular water tank 11, the first gate 21 includes a first gate plate 2101 and a first elevator 2102, the first gate plate 2101 is slidably arranged in the first slot, the first elevator 2102 is connected to the first gate plate 2101, and is used to drive the first gate plate 2101 to move up and down to realize the opening and closing of the first gate 21.

[0032] In one embodiment, see Figure 4-Figure 6 , vertically extending second slots are symmetrically arranged on the two inner side walls of the annular water tank 11, the second gate 22 includes a second gate plate 2201 and a second elevator 2202, the second gate plate 2201 is slidably arranged in the second slot, the second elevator 2202 is connected to the second gate plate 2201, and is used to drive the second gate plate 2201 to move up and down.

[0033] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The output end of the transformer 3 is electrically connected to the graphitization furnaces 4 of the mobile ships 12 located in the heating areas A21 via a plurality of wires 31 .

[0034] The present invention also provides an operation method of a constant-power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of a lithium battery, which is applicable to the constant-power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of a lithium battery and comprises the following steps: S1. Control the water flow direction in the annular water tank 11 through the water flow control mechanism 2 to drive each mobile ship 12 to move, thereby driving the graphitization furnace 4 thereon to pass through the loading station A1, the heating station A2, the cooling station A3 and the unloading station A4 in sequence; S2. When any mobile ship 12 moves to the loading station A1, the mobile ship 12 is fixed, and then the graphitization furnace 4 on the mobile ship 12 is loaded. After the loading is completed, the mobile ship 12 is released, and the mobile ship 12 moves along the water flow; S3, the heating station A2 is divided into several heating zones A21, each heating zone A21 has a preset heating target temperature, and along the moving direction of the mobile ship 12, the heating target temperature of each heating zone A21 increases in sequence, when any graphitization furnace 4 moves to a certain heating zone A21, the mobile ship 12 is fixed, and then the output end of the transformer 3 is electrically connected to the joint of the graphitization furnace 4 on the mobile ship 12, and the temperature of the graphitization furnace 4 is detected during heating. When the temperature reaches the heating target temperature, the connection between the output end of the transformer 3 and the joint of the graphitization furnace 4 is disconnected, and the fixation of the mobile ship 12 is released. The mobile ship 12 moves along the water flow again, so that the graphitization furnace 4 moves to the next heating zone A21, and continues to heat in the next heating zone A21. The transformer 3 supplies power to the graphitization furnaces in all heating zones A21 at the same time; S4, when any mobile ship 12 moves to the cooling station A3, the graphitization furnace 4 on the mobile ship 12 is cooled; S5. When any mobile ship 12 moves to the unloading station A4, the mobile ship 12 is fixed, and the graphitization furnace 4 on the mobile ship 12 is unloaded. After the unloading is completed, the mobile ship 12 is released, and the mobile ship 12 moves along the water flow again.

[0035] The technical solution provided by the present invention controls the water flow direction in the annular water tank 11 through the water flow control mechanism 2 to drive each mobile ship 12 to move, so that each graphitization furnace 4 passes through each heating zone A21 in turn. The heating target temperature of each heating zone A21 is different. When the graphitization furnace 4 passes through each heating zone A21 in turn, the temperature gradually increases. The heating power of the heating zone A21 with a high heating target temperature is high, and the heating power of the heating zone A21 with a low heating target temperature is low. However, since the transformer 3 supplies power to the graphitization furnaces 4 in all heating zones A21 at the same time, after the system is stably running, the total heating power can be kept roughly stable, so that the power demand in the heating process is more stable, the power utilization rate of the transformer 3 is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

[0036] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A constant power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of lithium battery, characterized in that: include: A transport mechanism, the transport mechanism comprising an annular water tank and a plurality of mobile boats, each of the mobile boats is equipped with a graphitization furnace, and each of the graphitization furnaces is provided with a temperature sensor; A water flow control mechanism, the water flow control mechanism is used to control the direction of water flow in the annular water tank to drive each mobile ship to move; and A transformer, wherein the output end of the transformer is electrically connected to the graphitization furnaces of the mobile ship located in the plurality of heating zones.

2. The constant power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of lithium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the annular water tank is equal at all places, and the transverse width and longitudinal width of the mobile ship are equal and smaller than the width of the annular water tank; The mobile ship comprises a hull and a plurality of clamping members, wherein the plurality of clamping members are respectively arranged in various directions of the hull; The clamping part includes a clamping cylinder, a mounting block, a spring and a friction plate. The cylinder body of the clamping cylinder is fixed to the hull, the output shaft of the clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting block, the two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting block and the friction plate, and the friction plate is used to abut against the inner wall of the annular water tank.

3. The constant power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of lithium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water flow control mechanism includes a first gate, a second gate, a main water pump, a water inlet pump and a drainage pump. The first gate and the second gate are both arranged in the annular water tank. The side of the first gate away from the second gate is the first water inlet side, the side of the first gate close to the second gate is the first drainage side, the side of the second gate close to the first gate is the second water inlet side, and the side of the second gate away from the first gate is the second drainage side. The inlet of the main water pump is connected to the first water inlet side, the outlet of the main water pump is connected to the second drainage side, the inlet of the water inlet pump is connected to the first water inlet side, the outlet of the water inlet pump is connected to the first drainage side, the inlet of the drainage pump is connected to the second water inlet side, and the outlet of the drainage pump is connected to the second drainage side.

4. The constant power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of lithium battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inlet of the main water pump is communicated with the first water inlet side via a first connecting pipe, and the outlet of the main water pump is communicated with the second water discharge side via a second connecting pipe.

5. The constant power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of lithium battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inlet of the water inlet pump is communicated with the first water inlet side via a third connecting pipe, and the outlet of the water inlet pump is communicated with the first water discharge side via a fourth connecting pipe.

6. The lithium battery negative electrode graphite constant power graphitization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inlet of the drainage pump is communicated with the second water inlet side via a fifth connecting pipe, and the outlet of the drainage pump is communicated with the second drainage side via a sixth connecting pipe.

7. The constant power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of lithium battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two inner side walls of the annular water tank are symmetrically provided with vertically extending first slots. The first gate includes a first gate plate and a first elevator. The first gate plate is slidably arranged in the first slot. The first elevator is connected to the first gate plate and is used to drive the first gate plate to move up and down.

8. The lithium battery negative electrode graphite constant power graphitization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Vertically extending second slots are symmetrically arranged on the two inner side walls of the annular water tank. The second gate includes a second gate plate and a second elevator. The second gate plate is slidably arranged in the second slot. The second elevator is connected to the second gate plate and is used to drive the second gate plate to move up and down.

9. The lithium battery negative electrode graphite constant power graphitization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the transformer is electrically connected to the graphitization furnaces of the mobile ship located in several heating zones via a plurality of wires.

10. A method for operating a constant power graphitization system for negative electrode graphite of a lithium battery, characterized in that: The invention is applicable to the lithium battery negative electrode graphite constant power graphitization system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps: S1. Control the water flow direction in the annular water tank 11 through the water flow control mechanism 2 to drive each mobile ship 12 to move, thereby driving the graphitization furnace to pass through the loading station, heating station, cooling station and unloading station in sequence; S2. When any mobile ship moves to the loading station, the mobile ship is fixed, and then the graphitization furnace on the mobile ship is loaded. After the loading is completed, the mobile ship is unfixed, and the mobile ship moves along the water flow again; S3. The heating station is divided into several heating zones, each of which has a preset heating target temperature, and the heating target temperature of each heating zone increases in sequence along the moving direction of the mobile ship. When any graphitization furnace moves to a certain heating zone, the mobile ship is fixed, and then the output end of the transformer is electrically connected to the connector of the graphitization furnace on the mobile ship. The temperature of the graphitization furnace is detected during heating. When the temperature reaches the heating target temperature, the output end of the transformer is disconnected from the connector of the graphitization furnace, and the fixation of the mobile ship is released. The mobile ship then moves along the water flow to move the graphitization furnace to the next heating zone, and continues to heat in the next heating zone. The transformer supplies power to the graphitization furnaces in all heating zones at the same time; S4. When any mobile ship moves to the cooling station, the graphitization furnace on the mobile ship is cooled; S5. When any mobile ship moves to the unloading station, the mobile ship is fixed and the graphitization furnace on the mobile ship is unloaded. After the unloading is completed, the mobile ship is released and moves along the water flow.

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