Multi-section electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, control method and rapid mechanical switch
Through the hierarchical braking and deceleration design of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, the problem of poor mechanical life and controllable performance of fast mechanical switches in high-speed operation is solved, and a longer service life and better insulation resistance are achieved. Suitable for high voltage mechanical switches.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411103698.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing fast mechanical switches can easily lead to poor mechanical life and controllable performance during high-speed opening or closing operations.
A multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is adopted, which includes a coil bracket, a coil group, a metal disk and an insulated pull rod. The repulsion is generated through multiple sub-coils in a set timing, thereby achieving graded braking and deceleration, shortening the braking distance and reducing inertial stress.
It effectively extends the service life of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, quickly achieves safe opening distance and insulation resistance, and is suitable for mechanical switches with voltage levels above 1kV, with strong expansion and good technical performance.
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Figure CN119252681A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of direct current circuit breakers, and specifically provides a multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, a control method and a fast mechanical switch. Background Art
[0002] The DC transmission system has the characteristics of weak damping and low inertia. The short-circuit fault current rises very quickly. In order to avoid excessive current stress from damaging the primary equipment, the DC circuit breaker is usually required to complete the short-circuit current interruption within 2-5ms and isolate the fault point. As the core component of the DC circuit breaker for fast disconnection and isolation voltage, the fast mechanical switch directly determines the overall disconnection time and isolation voltage level of the DC circuit breaker due to its action time and break insulation.
[0003] The spring mechanism and hydraulic mechanism used in mechanical high-voltage circuit breakers in traditional AC systems have a breaking time of tens of milliseconds, which cannot meet the fast action application requirements of fast mechanical switches. In order to make the switch reach a safe opening distance and establish the break insulation in a short time, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is currently mainly used to operate the switch.
[0004] The existing electromagnetic repulsion mechanism still adopts a mode in which a single repulsion coil and a single buffer coil cooperate in action in sequence, resulting in large braking inertia, which is not conducive to improving the switch performance while taking into account the mechanical characteristics and mechanical life of the switch. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing fast mechanical switch is prone to poor service life and controllability during high-speed opening or closing operations.
[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to adopt the following technical solutions to achieve:
[0007] The present invention provides a multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, which includes: a coil bracket, which includes a first fixed plate and a second fixed plate arranged at intervals; a coil group, which includes a first coil group fixed on the first fixed plate and a second coil group fixed on the second fixed plate; a metal disk, which is located between the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate; an insulating pull rod, one end of which is vertically fixed on the metal disk, and the insulating pull rod passes through the first fixed plate; the first coil group and the second coil group each include a plurality of coaxially arranged sub-coils; the plurality of sub-coils on the first coil group and the second coil group are energized according to a set timing so that the first coil group and the second coil group respectively generate repulsive forces with the metal disk, thereby causing the metal disk to perform graded braking on the insulating pull rod to complete an opening operation or a closing operation.
[0008] Preferably, the first coil group includes R1, R2, R3...Rn coils arranged radially from the inside to the outside; the second coil group includes B1, B2, B3...Bn coils arranged radially from the outside to the inside, n is an integer and greater than 1; when the set timing is to pass pulse current at intervals in the order of coil R1 to coil Rn and coil B1 to coil Bn, the metal disk moves from a position close to the first fixed plate to a position close to the second fixed plate to complete the opening operation.
[0009] Preferably, when the set timing is to pass pulse current in the order of coil B1 to coil Bn and coil R1 to coil Rn, the metal disk moves from a position close to the second fixed plate to a position close to the first fixed plate to complete the closing operation.
[0010] Preferably, the circuit connecting each of the sub-coils includes a capacitor and a thyristor, the anode of the thyristor is connected to the access positive electrode, the cathode of the thyristor is connected to one end of the sub-coil, the other end of the sub-coil is connected to the access negative electrode, the positive electrode of the capacitor is respectively connected to the cathode of the thyristor and the access positive electrode, and the negative electrode of the capacitor is respectively connected to the other end of the sub-coil and the access negative electrode; wherein the voltage between the access positive electrode and the access negative electrode is independently adjusted.
[0011] Preferably, a pulse current with a duration of milliseconds flows through each of the sub-coils.
[0012] Preferably, the thyristor is a unidirectional thyristor or a light-controlled thyristor.
[0013] Preferably, the coil support further comprises at least two connecting supports, and two ends of each connecting support are respectively screwed and fixed to the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate.
[0014] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control method for the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, the control method comprising: setting a first pulse timing and a second pulse timing; when the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism receives a trip signal; the R1, R2, R3...Rn coils in the first coil group are energized according to the first pulse timing to generate a repulsive force between the metal disk and the first coil group, thereby causing the metal disk to accelerate away from the first fixed plate; the B1, B2, B3...Bn coils in the second coil group are energized according to the second pulse timing to generate a repulsive force between the metal disk and the second coil group, thereby causing the metal disk to decelerate and stop near the second fixed plate; wherein the pulse interval duration of the first pulse timing is less than the pulse interval duration of the second pulse timing.
[0015] Preferably, the control method also includes: setting a third pulse timing, whose pulse interval duration is greater than the pulse interval duration of the first pulse timing and less than the pulse interval duration of the second pulse timing; when the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism receives a closing signal; the B1, B2, B3...Bn coils in the second coil group are energized according to the third pulse timing to generate a repulsive force between the metal disk and the second coil group, thereby causing the metal disk to accelerate away from the second fixed plate; the R1, R2, R3...Rn coils in the first coil group are energized according to the second pulse timing to generate a repulsive force between the metal disk and the first coil group, thereby causing the metal disk to decelerate and stop near the first fixed plate.
[0016] Preferably, the control method further comprises: before each of the sub-coils is discharged, the capacitors independently connected to each of the sub-coils are charged at a preset voltage.
[0017] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a fast mechanical switch, which includes the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0019] The multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism provided by the present invention includes a coil support, a coil group, a metal disk and an insulating pull rod. Among them, the coil support includes a first fixed plate and a second fixed plate arranged at intervals, the coil group includes a first coil group fixed on the first fixed plate and a second coil group fixed on the second fixed plate, the metal disk is located between the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate, one end of the insulating pull rod is vertically fixed on the metal disk, the insulating pull rod passes through the first fixed plate, and the first coil group and the second coil group each include a plurality of coaxially arranged sub-coils. Through such an arrangement, the plurality of sub-coils on the first coil group and the second coil group are energized according to a set timing so that the first coil group and the second coil group respectively generate repulsion with the metal disk, thereby causing the metal disk to brake the insulating pull rod in stages to complete the opening operation or the closing operation, shortening the braking distance, effectively reducing the inertial stress between the insulating pull rod and the metal disk, and extending the service life of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit connection between the first coil group and the sub-coils in the second coil group of the multi-segment electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 3A triggering timing diagram of a thyristor in the opening operation of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 4 It is a triggering timing diagram of the thyristor in the closing operation of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of the present invention.
[0024] Figure numerals: 1-static contact; 2-moving contact; 3-insulating pull rod; 4-metal plate; 5-first fixing plate; 6-second fixing plate; 7-connecting support; 8-bolt; R-first coil group; B-second coil group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments to them as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.
[0026] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0027] Example 1
[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention includes a coil support, a coil group, a metal disk 4 and an insulating pull rod 3.
[0029] The coil support includes two connecting supports 7 and a first fixing plate 5 and a second fixing plate 6 arranged at intervals. The first fixing plate 5 and the second fixing plate 6 are arranged in parallel up and down, and the connecting support 7 is a rod-shaped structure. Both ends of the two connecting supports 7 are fixed to the two ends of the first fixing plate 5 and the second fixing plate 6 by two upper and lower bolts 8 respectively. The metal disk 4 is a disc structure, and the metal disk 4 is located between the first fixing plate 5 and the second fixing plate 6. The bottom end of the insulating pull rod 3 is vertically fixed to the metal disk 4, and the insulating pull rod 3 passes through the first fixing plate 5. The top end of the insulating pull rod 3 is fixedly installed with the moving contact 2.
[0030] It should be noted that, according to practical applications, those skilled in the art may set the insulating rod 3 to be slidably connected to the first fixing plate 5 , or may set the insulating rod 3 to be non-connected to the first fixing plate 5 .
[0031] Continue reading Figure 1 In the embodiment of the present invention, the coil group of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes a first coil group R fixed on the first fixed plate 5 and a second coil group B fixed on the second fixed plate 6. The first coil group R and the second coil group B each include a plurality of coaxially arranged sub-coils. Among them, the first coil group R is an opening coil group, and the second coil group B is a closing coil group.
[0032] Specifically, the first coil group R and the second coil group B, the metal disk 4 and the insulating pull rod 3 are all coaxially arranged, the first coil group R includes R1, R2, R3...Rn coils arranged in a circular nested manner from the inside to the outside in the radial direction; the second coil group B includes B1, B2, B3...Bn coils arranged in a circular nested manner from the outside to the inside in the radial direction, where n is an integer and is greater than 1.
[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, taking the circuit where the coil R1 is located as an example, the circuit connected to the coil R1 includes a capacitor CR1 and a thyristor TR1, the anode of the thyristor TR1 is connected to the access positive electrode, the cathode of the thyristor TR1 is connected to one end of the coil R1, the other end of the coil R1 is connected to the access negative electrode, the positive electrode of the capacitor CR1 is respectively connected to the cathode of the thyristor TR1 and the access positive electrode, and the negative electrode of the capacitor CR1 is respectively connected to the other end of the coil R1 and the access negative electrode. Among them, the voltage UR1 between the access positive electrode and the access negative electrode can be independently adjusted according to the actual application. Because the circuit structure connecting each sub-coil is the same, the connection circuit of each sub-coil on the first coil group R and the second coil group B is not repeated here.
[0034] It should be noted that the thyristor is a unidirectional thyristor or a light-controlled thyristor.
[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the metal disc 4 of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention is close to the first fixed plate 5, that is, the metal disc 4 is in the closing position. The metal disc 4 is close to the second fixed connecting plate, that is, the metal disc 4 is in the opening position.
[0036] When pulse current is passed through coils R1 to Rn and coils B1 to Bn in sequence, the metal disk 4 moves from a position close to the first fixed plate 5 to a position close to the second fixed plate 6, and the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism completes the opening operation.
[0037] Specifically, when pulse current is passed through coils R1 to Rn in the first coil group R in sequence, coils R1, R2...Rn are discharged in sequence and pulse current is generated in their respective coils. The pulse current induces eddy currents in the metal disk 4 in sequence in the opposite direction to the currents of coils R1, R2...Rn. The magnetic field generated by the currents of coils R1, R2...Rn is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the eddy currents of the metal disk 4 and generates downward repulsive force at different positions of the metal disk 4, thereby pushing the metal disk 4 to move to the opening position.
[0038] It is understandable that when the metal disc 4 is initially braked, the force-bearing position of the metal disc 4 is close to the insulating rod 3 to reduce the starting inertial impact force and tensile stress between the metal disc 4 and the insulating rod 3. As the metal disc 4 moves, the force-bearing position on the metal disc 4 moves radially away from the insulating rod 3, so that the metal disc 4 is evenly stressed, ensuring that the force on the insulating rod 3 is not offset during axial movement.
[0039] When pulse current is passed through coils B1 to Bn in the second coil group B in sequence, coils B1, B2...Bn are discharged in sequence and pulse current is generated in their respective coils. The pulse current induces eddy currents in the metal disk 4 in sequence in the opposite direction to the currents of coils B1, B2...Bn. The magnetic field generated by the currents of coils B1, B2...Bn is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the eddy currents of the metal disk 4 and generates upward repulsive forces at different positions of the metal disk 4 to decelerate the movement of the metal disk 4. At the closing position, the metal disk 4 stops moving to complete the opening operation.
[0040] It is understandable that when the metal disk 4 moves at a high speed, the force position of the metal disk 4 is away from the center of the metal disk 4 to increase the reverse resistance of the metal disk 4 so that the metal disk 4 can slow down as quickly as possible. When the metal disk 4 is close to the closing position, the force position on the metal disk 4 moves to the center of the metal disk 4 to reduce the force on the metal disk 4 to achieve a buffering effect.
[0041] When the pulse current is applied sequentially from coil B1 to coil Bn and from coil R1 to coil Rn in sequence, the metal disk 4 moves from a position close to the second fixed plate 6 to a position close to the first fixed plate 5, and the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism completes the closing operation.
[0042] It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned closing operation of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, the movement principle of the metal disk 4 is the same as the above-mentioned opening operation principle and steps, and the movement process of the metal disk 4 is opposite, so it will not be repeated here.
[0043] In the above-mentioned opening or closing operation, pulse current is passed through the multiple sub-coils on the first coil group R and the second coil group B according to the set timing, so that the metal disk 4 undergoes graded braking movement and graded deceleration, thereby reducing the graded braking of the metal disk 4 on the insulating rod 3, shortening the braking distance, and effectively reducing the inertial stress and impact force between the insulating rod 3 and the metal disk 4, extending the service life of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, thereby quickly achieving a safe opening distance and establishing insulation tolerance. The multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of the present invention is suitable for voltage levels above 1kV and various types of mechanical switches, has strong expansibility, good technical performance, and a wide range of application scenarios.
[0044] Example 2
[0045] The present invention also provides a control method for the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism based on Embodiment 1, and the control method further includes:
[0046] Setting a first pulse timing, a second pulse timing and a third pulse timing;
[0047] S1, when the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism receives the opening signal;
[0048] S11, the coils R1, R2, R3 ... Rn in the first coil group R are energized according to the first pulse timing sequence to generate a repulsive force between the metal disk 4 and the first coil group R, thereby causing the metal disk 4 to move away from the first fixed plate 5 and accelerate;
[0049] S12, the coils B1, B2, B3 ... Bn in the second coil group B are energized according to the second pulse timing sequence to generate a repulsive force between the metal disk 4 and the second coil group B, thereby causing the metal disk 4 to decelerate and stop at a position close to the second fixed plate 6;
[0050] The pulse interval duration of the first pulse sequence is shorter than the pulse interval duration of the second pulse sequence.
[0051] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the metal disk 4 of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is located near the first fixed plate 5 as the closing position, that is, the moving contacts 2 on the insulating pull rod 3 connected to the metal disk 4 are in contact with each other.
[0052] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the metal disk 4 is located at the closing position close to the first fixed plate 5. When the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism receives the opening signal, it is recorded as t 0 At the moment, in step S11, the thyristors TR1, TR2, ... TRn respectively connected to the coils R1 to Rn in the first coil group R are triggered to conduct according to the first pulse timing. That is, the thyristors TR1, TR2, ... TRn are turned on at t R1-O,t R2-O …t Rn-O After the moment is triggered to be turned on, the capacitors CR1, CR2...CRn are discharged respectively to generate pulse currents in the coils R1, R2...Rn. The pulse currents induce eddy currents in the metal disk 4 in the opposite direction to the currents in the coils R1, R2...Rn. The magnetic field generated by the currents in the coils R1, R2...Rn is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the eddy currents of the metal disk 4, thereby generating a downward repulsive force at different positions of the metal disk 4 from the inside to the outside, pushing the metal disk 4 to accelerate toward the opening position.
[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, in the first pulse sequence, the pulse duration in the first coil group R is set to 1 millisecond, and the pulse interval is 1 millisecond.
[0054] After step S11 is completed, in step S12, the thyristors TB1, TB2, ... TBn respectively connected to the coils B1 to Bn in the second coil group B are triggered to conduct according to the second pulse timing. That is, the thyristors TB1, TB2, ... TBn are respectively triggered to conduct at t B1-O ,t B2-O …t Bn-O After the moment is triggered to be turned on, the capacitors CB1, CB2...CBn are discharged through the coils B1, B2...Bn in turn to generate pulse currents. The pulse currents induce eddy currents in the metal disk 4 in the opposite direction to the currents in the coils B1, B2...Bn in turn. The magnetic field generated by the currents in the coils B1, B2...Bn is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the eddy currents of the metal disk 4, and a downward repulsive force is generated from different positions of the metal disk 4 from the outside to the inside, so that the metal disk 4 slows down. When the metal disk 4 moves to a position close to the opening position, the speed of the metal disk 4 is close to 0 and stops moving.
[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, in the second pulse sequence, the pulse duration in the second coil group B is set to 1 millisecond, and the pulse interval is 5 milliseconds.
[0056] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the third pulse sequence is set, and its pulse interval duration is greater than the pulse interval duration of the first pulse sequence and less than the pulse interval duration of the second pulse sequence;
[0057] S2, when the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism receives a closing signal;
[0058] S21, the coils B1, B2, B3 ... Bn in the second coil group B are energized according to the third pulse timing sequence to generate a repulsive force between the metal disk 4 and the second coil group B, thereby causing the metal disk 4 to move away from the second fixed plate 6 and accelerate;
[0059] S22 , the coils R1 , R2 , R3 . . . Rn in the first coil group R are energized according to the second pulse sequence to generate a repulsive force between the metal disk 4 and the first coil group R, thereby causing the metal disk 4 to decelerate and stop near the first fixed plate 5 .
[0060] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the metal plate 4 is located at the opening position close to the second fixed plate 6. When the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism receives the closing signal, it is recorded as t 0 At the moment, in step S21, the thyristors TB1, TB2, ... TBn respectively connected to the coils B1 to Bn in the second coil group B are triggered to conduct according to the third pulse timing. That is, the thyristors TB1, TB2, ... TBn are turned on at t B1-C ,t B2-C …t Bn-C After the moment is triggered to be turned on, the capacitors CB1, CB2...CBn are discharged through the coils B1, B2...Bn in turn to generate pulse currents. The pulse currents induce eddy currents in the metal disk 4 in the opposite direction to the currents in the coils B1, B2...Bn in turn. The magnetic field generated by the currents in the coils B1, B2...Bn is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the eddy currents of the metal disk 4, thereby generating a downward repulsive force at different positions of the metal disk 4 from the inside to the outside, pushing the metal disk 4 to accelerate toward the opening position.
[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, in the third pulse sequence, the pulse duration in the second coil group B is set to 1 millisecond, and the pulse interval is 3 milliseconds.
[0062] After step S21 is completed, in step S22, the thyristors TR1, TR2, ... TRn respectively connected to the coils R1 to Rn in the first coil group R are triggered to conduct according to the second pulse timing. That is, the thyristors TR1, TR2, ... TRn are turned on at t R1-C ,t R2-C …t Rn-C After the moment is triggered to be turned on, the capacitors CR1, CR2...CRn are discharged to generate pulse currents. The pulse currents induce eddy currents in the metal disk 4 in the opposite directions to the currents in the coils R1, R2...Rn. The magnetic field generated by the currents in the coils R1, R2...Rn is opposite to the magnetic field generated by the eddy currents of the metal disk 4. A downward repulsive force is generated from different positions of the metal disk 4 from the outside to the inside, which slows down the metal disk 4. When the metal disk 4 moves to a position close to the opening position, the speed of the metal disk 4 is close to 0 and stops moving.
[0063] It should be noted that the pulse duration and pulse interval in the above pulse sequence are only for illustrating the process principle of the above control method. According to practical applications, those skilled in the art can flexibly set the pulse duration and pulse interval of the pulse sequence.
[0064] In addition, the control method further comprises:
[0065] S0. Before each sub-coil is discharged, the capacitors independently connected to each sub-coil are charged at a preset voltage.
[0066] Specifically, the capacitors CR1, CR2...CRn respectively connected to the coils R1 to Rn in the first coil group R are charged at the preset voltages UR1, UR2...URn, and the capacitors CB1, CB2...CBn respectively connected to the coils B1 to Bn in the second coil group B are charged at the preset voltages UB1, UB2...UBn.
[0067] It is understandable that the charge amount of the capacitor is different under different voltages, which in turn induces different repulsive forces between the coil and the metal disk 4 in the discharged state, which is convenient for adjusting the axial force of the opening and closing operations, and coordinating the adjustment of the triggering timing of each thyristor. Through different combinations, the user's requirements for the mechanical characteristics of the switch are met, thereby improving the controllability of the switch.
[0068] Example 3
[0069] The multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of this embodiment has the same structure as that of Embodiment 1. The opening and closing principles of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of this embodiment are as follows:
[0070] (1) Opening operation
[0071] Before performing the opening operation, the capacitors CR1, CR2...CRn respectively connected to the opening coil group, i.e., the first coil group R, and the capacitors CB1, CB2...CBn respectively connected to the closing coil group, i.e., the second coil group B, have been charged by their respective charging power supplies to the opening preset voltages UB1, UB2...UBn, and the metal disk 4 and the moving contact 2 are in the closing position.
[0072] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, at t 0 At the moment, the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism receives the opening command: thyristors TR1, TR2…TRn are respectively R1-O ,t R2-O …t Rn-O The capacitors CR1, CR2, ...CRn are discharged through the coils R1, R2, ...Rn in turn, generating pulse currents in the coils R1, R2, ...Rn, which in turn induce eddy currents in the metal disk 4 in the opposite direction of the coil currents. The magnetic field generated by the coil currents is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the eddy currents of the metal disk 4, thereby generating a downward repulsive force on the metal disk 4, pushing the metal disk 4 to move to the opening position;
[0073] Thyristors TB1, TB2, TBn are respectivelyB1-O ,t B2-O …t Bn-O The capacitors CB1, CB2, CBn generate pulse currents through the coils B1, B2, Bn in turn. The pulse currents induce eddy currents in the metal disk 4 in the opposite direction of the coil currents. The magnetic field generated by the coil currents is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the eddy currents of the metal disk 4, thereby reducing the movement speed of the metal disk 4. When the metal disk 4 moves to a position close to the opening position, the speed is close to 0.
[0074] (2) Closing operation
[0075] Before performing the closing operation, the capacitors CR1, CR2...CRn respectively connected to the opening coil group, i.e., the first coil group R, and the capacitors CB1, CB2...CBn respectively connected to the closing coil group, i.e., the second coil group B, have been charged by their respective charging power supplies to the closing preset voltages UR1, UR2...URn, and the metal disk 4 and the moving contact 2 are in the opening position.
[0076] like Figure 1 and 4 As shown, at t 0 At the moment, the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism receives the closing command: thyristors TB1, TB2…TBn are respectively B1-C ,t B2-C …t Bn-C The capacitors CB1, CB2...CBn are triggered to conduct at all times, and pulse currents are generated through coils B1, B2...Bn in turn. The pulse currents induce eddy currents in the metal disk 4 in the opposite direction of the coil currents. The magnetic field generated by the coil currents is in the opposite direction to the magnetic field generated by the eddy currents of the metal disk 4, generating an upward repulsive force on the metal disk 4, pushing the metal disk 4 to move toward the closing position.
[0077] Thyristors TR1, TR2, TRn are respectively R1-C ,t R2-C …t Rn-C The circuit breaker is triggered to turn on at any time, and the capacitors CR1, CR2...CRn are discharged through the coils R1, R2...Rn in turn, generating pulse currents in the coils R1, R2...Rn. The pulse currents induce eddy currents in the metal disk 4 in the opposite direction of the coil currents. The magnetic field generated by the coil currents is opposite to the magnetic field generated by the eddy currents of the metal disk 4, which decelerates the metal disk 4. When the metal disk 4 moves to a position close to the closing position, the speed is close to 0.
[0078] Example 4
[0079] An embodiment of the present invention provides a fast mechanical switch, which includes a static contact 1, a moving contact 2 and the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism in embodiment 1.
[0080] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the position of the metal disk 4 of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism close to the first fixed plate 5 makes the moving contact 2 and the static contact 1 on the insulating rod 3 abut against each other, that is, the metal disk 4 is in the closed position. The position of the metal disk 4 close to the second fixed connecting plate makes the moving contact 2 and the static contact 1 on the insulating rod 3 separate from each other, that is, the metal disk 4 is in the open position.
[0081] It should be noted that the working principle of the fast mechanical switch is based on the working principle of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism in Example 1, so it will not be repeated. However, other similar switches such as vacuum switches, SF6 switches, air switches, etc. can all adopt the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention.
[0082] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention to be approved.
Claims
1. A multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, characterized in that: include: A coil support, comprising a first fixing plate (5) and a second fixing plate (6) which are arranged at an interval; A coil group, comprising a first coil group (R) fixed on the first fixing plate (5) and a second coil group (B) fixed on the second fixing plate (6); a metal plate (4) located between the first fixing plate (5) and the second fixing plate (6); An insulating pull rod (3), one end of which is vertically fixed on the metal plate (4), and the insulating pull rod (3) passes through the first fixing plate (5); The first coil group (R) and the second coil group (B) each include a plurality of coaxially arranged sub-coils; The multiple sub-coils on the first coil group (R) and the second coil group (B) are energized according to a set timing so that the first coil group (R) and the second coil group (B) respectively generate repulsive forces with the metal disk (4), thereby causing the metal disk (4) to perform graded braking on the insulating pull rod (3) to complete an opening operation or a closing operation.
2. The multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first coil group (R) includes R1, R2, R3...Rn coils arranged from inside to outside in a radial direction; the second coil group (B) includes B1, B2, B3...Bn coils arranged from outside to inside in a radial direction, where n is an integer and greater than 1; When the set timing is to pass pulse current in the order of coil R1 to coil Rn and coil B1 to coil Bn, the metal disk (4) moves from a position close to the first fixed plate (5) to a position close to the second fixed plate (6) to complete the opening operation.
3. The multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the set timing is to pass pulse current in the order of coil B1 to coil Bn and coil R1 to coil Rn, the metal disk (4) moves from a position close to the second fixed plate (6) to a position close to the first fixed plate (5) to complete the closing operation.
4. The multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit connecting each of the sub-coils includes a capacitor and a thyristor, the anode of the thyristor is connected to the access positive electrode, the cathode of the thyristor is connected to one end of the sub-coil, the other end of the sub-coil is connected to the access negative electrode, the positive electrode of the capacitor is respectively connected to the cathode of the thyristor and the access positive electrode, and the negative electrode of the capacitor is respectively connected to the other end of the sub-coil and the access negative electrode; wherein the voltage between the access positive electrode and the access negative electrode is independently adjusted.
5. The multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pulse current with a duration of milliseconds flows through each of the sub-coils.
6. The multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thyristor is a unidirectional thyristor or a light-controlled thyristor.
7. The multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coil support further comprises at least two connecting support members (7), and two ends of each connecting support member (7) are respectively screwed and fixed to the first fixing plate (5) and the second fixing plate (6).
8. A control method for a multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The control method comprises: Setting the first pulse timing and the second pulse timing; When the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism receives a gate-opening signal; The coils R1, R2, R3 ... Rn in the first coil group (R) are energized according to the first pulse timing sequence to generate a repulsive force between the metal disk (4) and the first coil group (R), thereby causing the metal disk (4) to move away from the first fixed plate (5) and accelerate; The coils B1, B2, B3 ... Bn in the second coil group (B) are energized according to the second pulse timing sequence to generate a repulsive force between the metal disk (4) and the second coil group (B), thereby causing the metal disk (4) to decelerate and stop at a position close to the second fixed plate (6); The pulse interval duration of the first pulse sequence is shorter than the pulse interval duration of the second pulse sequence.
9. The control method of the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control method further comprises: Setting a third pulse sequence, whose pulse interval duration is greater than the pulse interval duration of the first pulse sequence and less than the pulse interval duration of the second pulse sequence; When the multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism receives a closing signal; The coils B1, B2, B3 ... Bn in the second coil group (B) are energized according to the third pulse timing sequence to generate a repulsive force between the metal disk (4) and the second coil group (B), thereby causing the metal disk (4) to move away from the second fixed plate (6) and accelerate; The coils R1, R2, R3 ... Rn in the first coil group (R) are energized according to the second pulse timing to generate a repulsive force between the metal disk (4) and the first coil group (R), thereby causing the metal disk (4) to decelerate and stop at a position close to the first fixed plate (5).
10. A fast mechanical switch, characterized in that: It comprises a multi-stage electromagnetic repulsion mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.