Ship desulfurization and decarburization integrated absorption reaction device

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship desulfurization and decarburization integrated absorption reaction device, and relates to the field of carbon capture, a gas inlet part forms a gas inlet space, a gas outlet part forms a gas outlet space, a desorption tower is arranged in the gas inlet space, a rich liquid spraying port is arranged in the desorption tower, the desorption tower is connected with a rich liquid pipeline, the rich liquid pipeline is communicated with the rich liquid spraying port, and the rich liquid spraying port is communicated with the rich liquid pipeline. A barren liquor collecting area is formed at the bottom of the desorption tower, the bottom of the desorption tower is connected with a barren liquor pipeline, the gas outlet space comprises a desulfurization area and a decarburization area, the desulfurization area comprises a seawater spraying port located at the upper part and a seawater collecting area located at the bottom, and the decarburization area comprises a barren liquor spraying port located at the upper part and a rich liquor collecting area located at the bottom; the barren liquor pipeline passes through the seawater collecting area and then is communicated with the barren liquor spraying opening, and the rich liquor collecting area is communicated with the rich liquor pipeline. The desorption tower, the desulfurization area and the decarbonization area are integrated into one device, so that the total weight of the integrated absorption reaction device and the occupied space of a ship are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon capture, and in particular to an integrated absorption reaction device for desulfurization and decarbonization of ships. Background Art

[0002] The current organic amine method ship desulfurization and decarbonization system requires desulfurization, decarbonization absorption tower, decarbonization desorption tower, lean and rich liquid heat exchanger, reboiler, lean liquid cooler, waste heat utilization heat exchanger and other components. These separate components occupy a large amount of ship space and also increase the empty weight of the ship too much. The present invention integrates the above-mentioned tower body, heat exchanger and other components into one tower body, greatly reducing the total weight of the system and the space occupied by the ship.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an integrated absorption reaction device for ship desulfurization and decarbonization to at least partially solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated absorption reaction device for ship desulfurization and decarbonization. The integrated absorption reaction device of the present application integrates a desorption tower, a desulfurization zone and a decarbonization zone into one device, which greatly reduces the total weight of the integrated absorption reaction device and the space occupied by the ship.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, an integrated absorption reaction device for desulfurization and decarbonization of ships is provided, the integrated absorption reaction device comprising an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is arranged on one side of the air outlet, and the bottom of the air inlet is connected to the lower part of the air outlet through a pipeline. The air inlet portion forms an air inlet space, and the air outlet portion forms an air outlet space. The airflow direction of the air inlet space is downward, and the airflow direction of the air outlet space is upward. A desorption tower is also provided in the air inlet space, a rich liquid spray port is provided in the desorption tower, a rich liquid pipeline is connected to the desorption tower, the rich liquid pipeline is connected to the rich liquid spray port, a lean liquid collecting area is formed at the bottom of the desorption tower, and a lean liquid pipeline is connected to the bottom of the desorption tower. The gas outlet space includes a desulfurization zone and a decarbonization zone, the desulfurization zone is located below the decarbonization zone, the desulfurization zone includes a seawater spray port located at the top and a seawater collection area located at the bottom, the decarbonization zone includes a lean liquid spray port located at the top and a rich liquid collection area located at the bottom, the lean liquid pipeline passes through the seawater collection area and then connects to the lean liquid spray port, and the rich liquid collection area is connected to the rich liquid pipeline.

[0006] In certain embodiments, the decarbonization zone is provided with a midstream pipe, and the midstream pipe divides the decarbonization zone into a functional zone and a non-functional zone. The area outside the midstream pipe of the decarbonization zone is the functional zone, and the area inside the midstream pipe is the non-functional zone. When the decarbonization zone performs the decarbonization function, the flue gas flows out from the functional zone through decarbonization. When the decarbonization zone does not perform the decarbonization function, the flue gas flows out from the non-functional zone, and the lean liquid spray port is arranged in the functional zone.

[0007] In some embodiments, the rich liquid pipeline is provided with a gate valve on the side connected to the desorption tower, one end of the gate valve is connected to the rich liquid collecting area, and the other end is connected to the lean liquid pipeline. When the decarbonization zone performs the decarbonization function, the gate valve is connected to the rich liquid collecting area, and when the decarbonization zone does not perform the decarbonization function, the gate valve is connected to the lean liquid pipeline.

[0008] In certain embodiments, a regulating valve is provided above the midstream pipeline, and the regulating valve is used to control the amount of flue gas flowing out of the midstream pipeline. When the regulating valve is fully opened, the selection valve is connected to the lean liquid pipeline.

[0009] In certain embodiments, the functional area further includes a decarbonization filler, a decarbonization rectifier plate and a decarbonization demister, the decarbonization demister is arranged above the lean liquid spray port, and the decarbonization filler and the decarbonization rectifier plate are arranged in sequence below the lean liquid spray port.

[0010] In certain embodiments, the midstream pipeline is connected to a guide plate on the side of the decarburization rectifying plate away from the decarburization filler, and the guide plate is used to guide the rich liquid.

[0011] In certain embodiments, a demister, a packing layer and an air lift cap are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the desorption tower, and the rich liquid spray port is arranged between the demister and the packing layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, a re-spray port is provided between the packing layer and the gas lift cap, the lean liquid collection area is connected with a re-spray pipe, the re-spray pipe surrounds the desorption tower upward and enters the desorption tower between the demister and the packing layer and passes through the packing layer to connect to the re-spray port, and the re-spray pipe is provided with a reboiler pump on one side of the lean liquid collection area.

[0013] In certain embodiments, the bottom of the desorption tower is in an inverted cone shape, the lean liquid pipeline is connected to the bottom of the desorption tower, and the lean liquid pipeline is provided with a lean liquid pump on one side of the lean liquid spray port.

[0014] In certain embodiments, a cooling spray port is provided in the air intake space below the desorption tower.

[0015] In some embodiments, the gas outlet portion further includes a liquid collecting portion, which is arranged around the inner wall of the gas outlet portion and inclined upward to form the rich liquid collecting area. The liquid collecting portion is hollow to form a vent, and the vent is used to release the flue gas after desulfurization.

[0016] In certain embodiments, the rich liquid collection area is provided with a rich liquid level monitor.

[0017] In certain embodiments, a liquid collecting and discharging device is provided at the bottom of the gas outlet portion, and the liquid collecting and discharging device includes a liquid outlet portion and a liquid sealing portion. The height of the seawater outlet of the liquid outlet portion is higher than the lowest liquid level of the seawater collection area. The liquid sealing portion covers the liquid outlet portion, and the lean liquid pipeline passes through the liquid sealing portion and is wrapped around the outside of the liquid sealing portion.

[0018] In certain embodiments, a gas rectifying plate is provided below the seawater spray port.

[0019] In certain embodiments, the desulfurization zone further includes a desulfurization demister, and the desulfurization demister is disposed above the seawater spray port.

[0020] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the above technical solution: The integrated absorption reaction device of the present application integrates the desorption tower, the desulfurization zone and the decarbonization zone into one device, which greatly reduces the total weight of the integrated absorption reaction device and the space occupied by the ship.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an integrated absorption reaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals: integrated absorption reaction device 100, air inlet 10, air outlet 12, air inlet space 14, air outlet space 16, desorption tower 18, rich liquid spray port 20, rich liquid pipeline 22, lean liquid collection area 24, lean liquid pipeline 26, desulfurization area 28, decarbonization area 30, seawater spray port 32, seawater collection area 34, lean liquid spray port 36, rich liquid collection area 38, midstream pipeline 40, functional area 42, non-functional area 44, selection valve 4 6. Regulating valve 48, decarbonization filler 50, decarbonization rectifier plate 52, decarbonization demister 54, demister 56, filler layer 58, gas lifting cap 60, re-spray port 62, re-spray pipe 64, reboiling pump 66, lean liquid pump 68, cooling spray port 70, liquid collecting part 72, rich liquid level monitor 74, vent 76, drainage plate 78, liquid outlet part 82, liquid seal part 84, seawater outlet 86, desulfurization demister 88, gas rectifier plate 90. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0028] The disclosure herein provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described herein. Of course, they are merely examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and / or reference letters in different examples, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides various specific examples of processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0029] According to one aspect of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 , an integrated absorption reaction device 100 for desulfurization and decarbonization of ships is provided, the integrated absorption reaction device 100 comprises an air inlet 10 and an air outlet 12, the air inlet 10 is arranged on one side of the air outlet 12, and the bottom of the air inlet 10 is connected to the lower part of the air outlet 12 through a pipeline, the air inlet 10 forms an air inlet space 14, the air outlet 12 forms an air outlet space 16, the air flow direction of the air inlet space 14 is downward, and the air flow direction of the air outlet space 16 is upward, a desorption tower 18 is further arranged in the air inlet space 14, a rich liquid spray port 20 is arranged in the desorption tower 18, the desorption tower 18 is connected to a rich liquid pipeline 22, and the rich liquid The liquid pipeline 22 is connected to the rich liquid spray port 20, a lean liquid collecting area 24 is formed at the bottom of the desorption tower 18, and a lean liquid pipeline 26 is connected to the bottom of the desorption tower 18. The gas outlet space 16 includes a desulfurization area 28 and a decarbonization area 30. The desulfurization area 28 is located below the decarbonization area 30. The desulfurization area 28 includes a seawater spray port 32 located at the top and a seawater collecting area 34 located at the bottom. The decarbonization area 30 includes a lean liquid spray port 36 located at the top and a rich liquid collecting area 38 located at the bottom. The lean liquid pipeline 26 passes through the seawater collecting area 34 and then connects to the lean liquid spray port 36. The rich liquid collecting area 38 is connected to the rich liquid pipeline 22.

[0030] Specifically, see Figure 1The integrated absorption reaction device 100 of the present application is used for ship desulfurization and decarbonization. The rich liquid refers to an amine liquid rich in carbon dioxide, and the lean liquid refers to an amine liquid that is substantially free of carbon dioxide. The present invention integrates the functions of desorption, desulfurization and decarbonization into one tower body. Specifically, a desorption tower 18 is provided in the air inlet 10, and the desorption tower 18 is used for desorption of the rich liquid. Since the desorption tower 18 is arranged in the air inlet 10, it can also exchange heat with the high-temperature flue gas. During the heat exchange, the high-temperature flue gas can heat and desorb the rich liquid. The air outlet 12 is provided with a desulfurization zone 28 and a decarbonization zone 30. The desulfurization zone 28 and the decarbonization zone 30 are arranged in one tower body. The desulfurization zone 28 is arranged below the decarbonization zone 30, and the flue gas enters the decarbonization zone 30 through the desulfurization zone 28.

[0031] The high-temperature flue gas enters the integrated absorption reaction device 100 from the air inlet 10, and exchanges heat with the desorption tower 18 in the air inlet 10. The rich liquid spray port 20 in the desorption tower 18 sprays the rich liquid transported by the rich liquid pipeline 22. The rich liquid is desorbed in a high-temperature environment to generate lean liquid and carbon dioxide. The generated lean liquid flows through the seawater collection area 34 at the bottom of the air outlet 12 through the lean liquid pipeline 26. The lean liquid exchanges cold with the seawater and flows to the lean liquid spray port 36 of the decarbonization zone 30. The high-temperature flue gas flows from the air inlet 10 to the air outlet 12. The high-temperature flue gas entering the air outlet 12 first enters the desulfurization zone 28, and then enters the decarbonization zone 30 after being desulfurized by seawater spraying in the desulfurization zone 28. After entering the decarbonization zone 30, it contacts with the lean liquid for decarbonization and then flows out of the integrated absorption reaction device 100 of the present application.

[0032] In this way, the integrated absorption reaction device 100 of the present application integrates the desorption tower 18, the desulfurization zone 28 and the decarbonization zone 30 into one device, which greatly reduces the total weight of the integrated absorption reaction device 100 and the space occupied by the ship.

[0033] In some embodiments, the decarbonization zone 30 is provided with a midstream pipe 40, which divides the decarbonization zone 30 into a functional zone 42 and a non-functional zone 44. The area of ​​the decarbonization zone 30 outside the midstream pipe 40 is the functional zone 42, and the area inside the midstream pipe 40 is the non-functional zone 44. When the decarbonization zone 30 performs the decarbonization function, the flue gas flows out from the functional zone 42 through decarbonization. When the decarbonization zone 30 does not perform the decarbonization function, the flue gas flows out from the non-functional zone 44, and the lean liquid spray port 36 is set in the functional zone 42.

[0034] Specifically, the midstream pipeline 40 of the decarbonization zone 30 divides the decarbonization zone 30 into a functional zone 42 and a non-functional zone 44. The functional zone 42 can play a decarbonization role, and the non-functional zone 44 has no decarbonization function. In this way, the integrated absorption reaction device 100 of the present application can stop the decarbonization work when the decarbonization amount of the ship has met the relevant indicators, which can reduce the workload and avoid the waste of amine liquid.

[0035] In some embodiments, the rich liquid pipeline 22 is provided with a selection valve 46 on the side connected to the desorption tower 18, one end of the selection valve 46 is connected to the rich liquid collecting area 38, and the other end is connected to the lean liquid pipeline 26. When the decarbonization zone 30 performs the decarbonization function, the selection valve 46 is connected to the rich liquid collecting area 38. When the decarbonization zone 30 does not perform the decarbonization function, the selection valve 46 is connected to the lean liquid pipeline 26.

[0036] Specifically, when the decarbonization zone 30 performs the decarbonization function, the selection valve 46 is connected to the rich liquid collecting zone 38, and the rich liquid in the rich liquid collecting zone 38 can flow to the desorption tower 18 through the rich liquid pipeline 22 for desorption, and then enter the seawater collecting zone 34 and then be sprayed through the lean liquid spray port 36 to achieve the circulation of amine liquid and flue gas decarbonization; when the decarbonization zone 30 does not perform the decarbonization function, the selection valve 46 is connected to the lean liquid pipeline 26, and all the amine liquid flows through the lean liquid pipeline 26 to the lean liquid spray port 36 and is sprayed to the rich liquid collecting zone 38 for storage.

[0037] In some embodiments, a regulating valve 48 is provided above the midstream pipeline 40 , and the regulating valve 48 is used to control the amount of flue gas flowing out of the midstream pipeline 40 . When the regulating valve 48 is fully opened, the selection valve 46 is connected to the lean liquid pipeline 26 .

[0038] Specifically, the regulating valve 48 provided on the midstream pipeline 40 can control the amount of flue gas flowing out of the midstream pipeline 40. In some embodiments, the amount of flue gas decarbonization in the functional area 42 can be controlled by controlling the opening size of the regulating valve 48. When the regulating valve 48 is fully open, that is, when the decarbonization area 30 is not required to perform the decarbonization function, the selection valve 46 is connected to the lean liquid pipeline 26, and all the amine liquid flows through the lean liquid pipeline 26 to the lean liquid spray port 36 and is sprayed to the rich liquid collecting area 38 for storage.

[0039] In some embodiments, when the decarburization function is not required, the regulating valve 48 remains fully open, and the flue gas is directly discharged to the atmosphere from the midstream pipeline 40. When all flue gas decarburization is required, the regulating valve 48 remains fully closed, and when partial decarburization is required, the regulating valve 48 automatically adjusts the opening according to the required flue gas volume.

[0040] Specifically, when decarbonization is not required, the amine liquid needs to be completely discharged to the outside of the desorption tower 18 to prevent the amine liquid from being overheated and deteriorating. Therefore, when decarbonization is not required, the selection valve 46 is connected to the lean liquid pipeline 26, and the lean liquid pump 68 finally empties all the amine liquid from the desorption tower 18. The lean liquid pump 68 finally stores the amine liquid in the rich liquid collection area 38 at the top of the desulfurization area 28. When decarbonization needs to be started, the selection valve 46 is connected to the rich liquid collection area 38, and the amine liquid can be circulated again to achieve the functions of absorption and desorption.

[0041] In some embodiments, the functional area 42 also includes a decarbonization filler 50, a decarbonization rectifying plate 52 and a decarbonization demister 54. The decarbonization demister 54 is arranged above the lean liquid spray port 36, and the decarbonization filler 50 and the decarbonization rectifying plate 52 are arranged below the lean liquid spray port 36 in sequence.

[0042] Specifically, after the flue gas enters the functional area 42, it passes through the decarbonization rectifying plate 52, which rectify the flue gas so that the flue gas flows upward regularly. The lean liquid spray port 36 sprays lean liquid to the decarbonization filler 50, and the flue gas enters the decarbonization filler 50. The presence of the decarbonization filler 50 can increase the contact area between the flue gas and the lean liquid, thereby improving the decarbonization effect. The decarbonized flue gas passes through the decarbonization demister 54, which can remove the lean liquid remaining in the flue gas to avoid the waste of the lean liquid flowing out with the flue gas.

[0043] In some embodiments, the midstream pipeline 40 is connected to a guide plate 78 on the side of the decarburization rectifying plate 52 facing away from the decarburization filler 50 , and the guide plate 78 is used to guide the rich liquid.

[0044] Specifically, the guide plate 78 is arranged on the side of the rectifying plate away from the decarbonization filler 50. The lean liquid sprayed from the lean liquid spray port 36 is decarbonized by the decarbonization filler 50 to form a rich liquid. The rich liquid falls, and the guide plate 78 can guide the rich liquid to the rich liquid collecting area 38 below.

[0045] In certain embodiments, a demister 56 , a packing layer 58 , and an air lift cap 60 are sequentially arranged in the desorption tower 18 from top to bottom, and the rich liquid spray port 20 is arranged between the demister 56 and the packing layer 58 .

[0046] Specifically, due to the heat exchange effect of the high-temperature flue gas, the desorption tower 18 is a high-temperature environment, and the rich liquid spray port 20 in the desorption tower 18 sprays rich liquid, and the rich liquid falls on the packing layer 58, so that the surface area of ​​the rich liquid becomes larger, which is convenient for the desorption of the rich liquid. The carbon dioxide generated by the desorption of the rich liquid rises and passes through the demister 56 to remove the amine liquid therein, and then flows out from the outlet of the desorption tower 18.

[0047] In some embodiments, a re-spray port 62 is provided between the packing layer 58 and the gas lift cap 60, and the lean liquid collecting area 24 is connected to a re-spray pipe 64. The re-spray pipe 64 surrounds the desorption tower 18 upward and enters the desorption tower 18 between the demister 56 and the packing layer 58 and passes through the packing layer 58 to connect to the re-spray port 62. The re-spray pipe 64 is provided with a reboiler pump 66 on one side of the lean liquid collecting area 24.

[0048] Specifically, a part of the lean liquid in the lean liquid collecting area 24 is sucked by the reboiling pump 66 through the re-spray pipe 64 and then connected to the re-spray port 62, wherein the re-spray pipe 64 surrounds the desorption tower 18 upward to facilitate heat exchange and temperature increase with the high-temperature flue gas. The lean liquid after heat exchange and temperature increase is sprayed at the re-spray port 62, and the steam generated by the heated lean liquid and part of the high-temperature carbon dioxide gas rise from the bottom to the packing position to heat the rich liquid on the packing, thereby further improving the desorption effect of the rich liquid.

[0049] In some embodiments, the bottom of the desorption tower 18 is in an inverted cone shape, the lean liquid pipeline 26 is connected to the bottom of the desorption tower 18 , and a lean liquid pump 68 is provided on one side of the lean liquid spray port 36 of the lean liquid pipeline 26 .

[0050] Specifically, the conical bottom of the desorption tower 18 is convenient for collecting liquid, and the lean liquid pump 68 provided on the lean liquid pipeline 26 can pump the lean liquid in the lean liquid collecting area 24 to the lean liquid spray port 36 .

[0051] In certain embodiments, a cooling spray port 70 is disposed in the air intake space 14 below the desorption tower 18 .

[0052] Specifically, after the flue gas completes heat exchange with the desorption tower 18 in the air intake space 14, the cooling spray port 70 provided below the desorption tower 18 sprays seawater to further cool the flue gas. In some embodiments, after the high-temperature flue gas enters the air intake space 14, it is cooled by absorption and heat exchange through the wall of the desorption tower 18 and the re-spray pipe 64, and the temperature drops from more than 250 degrees Celsius to about 140 degrees Celsius. Then, the flue gas is cooled by seawater spraying through the cooling spray port 70, and the flue gas temperature drops to about 50 degrees Celsius before entering the desulfurization zone 28 for desulfurization.

[0053] In some embodiments, the gas outlet 12 further includes a liquid collecting portion 72, which is arranged around the inner wall of the gas outlet 12 and inclined upward to form a rich liquid collecting area 38. The liquid collecting portion 72 is hollow to form a vent 76, which is used to release the flue gas after desulfurization.

[0054] Specifically, a liquid collecting portion 72 is provided between the desulfurization zone 28 and the decarbonization zone 30, and the liquid collecting portion 72 is provided between the desulfurization demister 88 and the decarbonization rectifying plate 52. The liquid collecting portion 72 is arranged around the inner wall of the gas outlet portion 12 and tilted upward, and can form a rich liquid collecting area 38 for collecting rich liquid. While forming the rich liquid collecting area 38, the vent 76 formed by the hollow arrangement of the liquid collecting portion 72 can release the desulfurized flue gas in the desulfurization zone 28 into the decarbonization zone 30.

[0055] In certain embodiments, the rich liquid collection area 38 is provided with a rich liquid level monitor 74 .

[0056] Specifically, the rich liquid level monitor 74 provided in the rich liquid collecting area 38 can be used to monitor the liquid level in the rich liquid collecting area 38 and to alarm for a high liquid level.

[0057] In some embodiments, a liquid collecting and discharging device is provided at the bottom of the gas outlet portion 12, and the liquid collecting and discharging device includes a liquid outlet portion 82 and a liquid sealing portion 84. The height of the seawater outlet 86 of the liquid outlet portion 82 is higher than the lowest liquid level of the seawater collecting area 34. The liquid sealing portion 84 covers the liquid outlet portion 82, and the lean liquid pipeline 26 passes through the liquid sealing portion 84 and is arranged around the outside of the liquid sealing portion 84.

[0058] Specifically, the liquid outlet 82 of the liquid collecting and discharging device can guide seawater to flow out of the integrated absorption reaction device 100, and the lean liquid pipeline 26 passes through the seawater collecting area 34. Since the temperature of the sprayed seawater is not high, it can also be used to cool the lean liquid. Specifically, by setting the height of the seawater outlet 86 of the liquid outlet 82 higher than the lowest liquid level of the seawater collecting area 34, the seawater collecting area 34 can always maintain a high liquid level, and at the same time, a liquid seal 84 is provided on the liquid outlet 82, and a gap is left between the liquid seal 84 and the liquid outlet 82 for seawater to flow out, which can not only slow down the speed of seawater outflow, but also arrange the lean liquid pipeline 26 around the outside of the liquid seal 84, which is also convenient for the lean liquid pipeline 26 and seawater to exchange cold.

[0059] In some embodiments, a gas rectifying plate 90 is disposed below the seawater spray port 32 .

[0060] Specifically, the gas rectifying plate 90 rectifies the flue gas so that the flue gas flows upward regularly, and the seawater spraying port 32 sprays seawater to desulfurize the flue gas. Since seawater is used for desulfurization, there is no need to consider the issue of saving, and a large amount of seawater can be sprayed, so the desulfurization zone 28 does not need to be provided with fillers, which reduces the dead weight of the integrated absorption reaction device 100.

[0061] In certain embodiments, the desulfurization zone 28 further includes a desulfurization demister 88 , which is disposed above the seawater spray port 32 .

[0062] Specifically, the desulfurization demister 88 can remove the residual seawater in the flue gas, which can accelerate the rising speed of the flue gas on the one hand, and also facilitate the complete reaction of the flue gas with the lean liquid in the decarbonization zone 30 on the other hand.

[0063] In some embodiments, seawater from a seawater pump is divided into four layers of seawater spray ports 32 to absorb sulfur dioxide in the flue gas. The sprayed seawater flows into a seawater collection area 34 at the bottom of the gas outlet 12. The liquid level of the seawater collection area 34 is maintained by a liquid seal portion 84. The seawater flows out from the inner side of the liquid seal and is discharged through a seawater outlet 86.

[0064] In some embodiments, the cooled flue gas from the air inlet 10 enters the bottom of the desulfurization zone 28, rises after being shaped by the flow field of the desulfurization rectifier plate, and the four-layer seawater spray port 32 contacts the flue gas in reverse to absorb SO2 in the flue gas. The desulfurized flue gas passes through the desulfurization demister 88 to remove droplets and is discharged from the vent 76 to the decarbonization zone 30.

[0065] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the above technical solution: The integrated absorption reaction device 100 of the present application integrates the desorption tower 18, the desulfurization zone 28 and the decarbonization zone 30 into one device, which greatly reduces the total weight of the integrated absorption reaction device 100 and the space occupied by the ship.

[0066] In some embodiments, the integrated absorption reaction device 100 of the present invention integrates the desulfurization tower, decarbonization absorption tower, decarbonization desorption tower, lean-rich liquid heat exchanger, lean liquid heat exchanger, and lean liquid cooler required in the organic amine method ship desulfurization and decarbonization system into one tower body, which greatly reduces the total weight of the system and the space occupied by the ship, so that the total weight of the original system can be reduced by more than half, the cost is reduced by 1 / 7, and the space occupied is reduced by 1 / 2.

[0067] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0068] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated absorption reaction device for ship desulfurization and decarbonization, characterized in that: The integrated absorption reaction device comprises an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet is arranged on one side of the air outlet, and the bottom of the air inlet is connected to the lower part of the air outlet through a pipeline. The air inlet portion forms an air inlet space, and the air outlet portion forms an air outlet space. The airflow direction of the air inlet space is downward, and the airflow direction of the air outlet space is upward. A desorption tower is also provided in the air inlet space, a rich liquid spray port is provided in the desorption tower, a rich liquid pipeline is connected to the desorption tower, the rich liquid pipeline is connected to the rich liquid spray port, a lean liquid collecting area is formed at the bottom of the desorption tower, and a lean liquid pipeline is connected to the bottom of the desorption tower. The gas outlet space includes a desulfurization zone and a decarbonization zone, the desulfurization zone is located below the decarbonization zone, the desulfurization zone includes a seawater spray port located at the top and a seawater collection area located at the bottom, the decarbonization zone includes a lean liquid spray port located at the top and a rich liquid collection area located at the bottom, the lean liquid pipeline passes through the seawater collection area and then connects to the lean liquid spray port, and the rich liquid collection area is connected to the rich liquid pipeline.

2. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decarbonization zone is provided with a midstream pipe, and the midstream pipe divides the decarbonization zone into a functional zone and a non-functional zone. The area outside the midstream pipe of the decarbonization zone is the functional zone, and the area inside the midstream pipe is the non-functional zone. When the decarbonization zone performs the decarbonization function, the flue gas flows out from the functional zone through decarbonization. When the decarbonization zone does not perform the decarbonization function, the flue gas flows out from the non-functional zone. The lean liquid spray port is arranged in the functional zone.

3. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rich liquid pipeline is provided with a gate valve on the side connected to the desorption tower, one end of the gate valve is connected to the rich liquid collecting area, and the other end is connected to the lean liquid pipeline. When the decarbonization zone performs the decarbonization function, the gate valve is connected to the rich liquid collecting area, and when the decarbonization zone does not perform the decarbonization function, the gate valve is connected to the lean liquid pipeline.

4. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A regulating valve is arranged above the midstream pipeline, and the regulating valve is used to control the amount of flue gas flowing out of the midstream pipeline. When the regulating valve is fully opened, the selection valve is connected to the lean liquid pipeline.

5. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The functional area also includes a decarburization filler, a decarburization rectifying plate and a decarburization demister. The decarburization demister is arranged above the lean liquid spray port, and the decarburization filler and the decarburization rectifying plate are arranged in sequence below the lean liquid spray port.

6. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mid-stream pipeline is connected to a guide plate on the side of the decarburization rectifying plate away from the decarburization filler, and the guide plate is used to guide the rich liquid.

7. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A demister, a packing layer and an air lift cap are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the desorption tower, and the rich liquid spray port is arranged between the demister and the packing layer.

8. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A re-spray port is arranged between the packing layer and the gas lift cap, and the lean liquid collection area is connected with a re-spray pipe. The re-spray pipe surrounds the desorption tower upward and enters the desorption tower between the demister and the packing layer and passes through the packing layer to connect with the re-spray port. The re-spray pipe is provided with a reboiler pump on one side of the lean liquid collection area.

9. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the desorption tower is in an inverted cone shape, the lean liquid pipeline is connected to the bottom of the desorption tower, and the lean liquid pipeline is provided with a lean liquid pump at one side of the lean liquid spray port.

10. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling spray port is arranged in the air intake space below the desorption tower.

11. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas outlet portion further comprises a liquid collecting portion, which is arranged around the inner wall of the gas outlet portion and inclined upward to form the rich liquid collecting area. The liquid collecting portion is hollow to form a vent, and the vent is used to release the flue gas after desulfurization.

12. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The rich liquid collecting area is provided with a rich liquid level monitor.

13. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid collecting and discharging device is provided at the bottom of the gas outlet portion, and the liquid collecting and discharging device comprises a liquid outlet portion and a liquid sealing portion. The height of the seawater outlet of the liquid outlet portion is higher than the lowest liquid level of the seawater collecting area. The liquid sealing portion covers the liquid outlet portion, and the lean liquid pipeline passes through the liquid sealing portion and is arranged around the outside of the liquid sealing portion.

14. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas rectifying plate is arranged below the seawater spray port.

15. The integrated absorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The desulfurization zone also includes a desulfurization demister, which is arranged above the seawater spray port.

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