Single-shaft shredding machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-shaft shredding machine, and relates to the technical field of garbage recycling equipment. The input end of the shredding structure is in transmission connection with the output end of an electric driving structure; the end face of the fixed comb plate is inclined towards the shredding structure; the movable comb plate is rotationally connected into the shredding cavity; the movable comb plate cylinder is in transmission connection with a rotating shaft of the movable comb plate; according to the single-shaft shredding machine, the shredding structure is driven by the electric driving structure in a single-shaft mode, the equipment construction cost is effectively reduced, and the small-scale production and use requirements are met. The movable comb plate is driven by a movable comb plate air cylinder, when clamping stagnation is caused by foreign matter existing between the movable comb plate and the shredding structure, the output force of the shredding structure is larger than the output force of the movable comb plate air cylinder so that the movable comb plate can turn over downwards, the foreign matter discharging guide plate can turn over synchronously under the linkage effect of the connecting rod assembly, and therefore the foreign matter can fall into the corresponding area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of garbage recycling equipment, in particular to a single-shaft shredder. Background Art

[0002] The working principle of the shredder is to use a motor to drive the blade to rotate, and use the interaction between the double-axis knife rollers or the single-axis fixed knife and moving knife to squeeze, shear and grind the material to tear the material into smaller pieces for subsequent processes.

[0003] Existing shredders are usually large-scale equipment with high output. In order to cope with more complex working environments, the equipment has more internal speed reduction mechanisms, which increases the equipment construction cost and high maintenance cost. They are suitable for large-scale production operations, but small-scale production environments have excessive performance requirements and high equipment procurement costs. In addition, the equipment is often driven by a hydraulic transmission system, and regular maintenance requires the replacement of hydraulic oil, which is easy to cause oil pollution and serious environmental pollution, which is not conducive to environmental green protection. Existing shredders usually use high output to shred various materials, but small shredders have insufficient output, and when there are foreign objects in the shredded materials, the blades are easily stuck, which can easily damage the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a single-shaft shredder, which adopts a single-shaft structure, reduces manufacturing costs, eliminates a hydraulic transmission system, is more environmentally friendly, meets the use of a small-scale production environment, and has an efficient foreign matter discharge function, which can discharge foreign matter in time, avoid equipment damage, improve equipment stability, and increase equipment life.

[0005] A single-shaft shredder according to some embodiments of the present invention comprises:

[0006] A shredder housing is provided with a through shredding cavity inside, and a hopper is detachably provided on the top of the shredder housing;

[0007] A shredding structure is rotatably connected to the shredding chamber, and an input end of the shredding structure is drivingly connected to an output end of an electric drive structure;

[0008] A fixed comb plate is fixedly arranged in the shredding chamber and located on one side of the shredding structure, and an end surface of the fixed comb plate is inclined toward the shredding structure;

[0009] A movable comb plate is rotatably connected to the shredding chamber and is located on the other side of the shredding structure, and the fixed comb plate and the movable comb plate are arranged facing each other;

[0010] An active combing plate cylinder, which is drivingly connected to the rotating shaft of the active combing plate and is used to drive the active combing plate to flip;

[0011] The foreign matter removal guide plate is rotatably connected to the shredding chamber, and the foreign matter removal guide plate is linked to the movable comb plate by a connecting rod assembly. When the movable comb plate flips over, the connecting rod assembly drives the foreign matter removal guide plate to flip over to discharge foreign matter in the shredding chamber.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the shredding structure includes a main shaft and a spacer sleeve and a blade sleeved with the main shaft, the main shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the shredder housing through a bearing, and the spacer sleeve and the blade are arranged at intervals along the main shaft direction.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, shredding claws are arranged around the periphery of the blade, and the shredding claws are inclined toward the movable comb plate.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the electric drive structure includes an output motor and a reduction gearbox, the output shaft of the output motor is connected to the input end of the reduction gearbox, the output end of the reduction gearbox is connected to the main shaft, and the output motor drives the main shaft to rotate toward the movable comb plate.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the movable comb plate is provided with a connecting plate and a comb plate, the thickness of the comb plate is smaller than the thickness of the connecting plate, and the materials in the shredding chamber are gathered at the comb plate.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the connecting plate is rotatably connected to the side wall of the shredder housing via a movable shaft, one end of the movable shaft extends to the movable comb plate cylinder and is provided with a flip gear, the output end of the movable comb plate cylinder is provided with a flip rack, and the flip rack is meshed with the flip gear for transmission.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a guide roller is provided above the flip rack, the guide roller abuts against the top of the flip rack, and the flip gear is meshedly connected with the teeth below the flip rack.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the end surface of the foreign object removal guide plate is perpendicular to the end surface of the movable comb plate in an initial state, and the foreign object removal guide plate is located below the comb plate and the shredding area of ​​the shredding structure.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an extension plate extends downward from the junction of the connecting plate and the comb plate, one end of the connecting rod assembly is hinged to the extension plate, and the other end of the connecting rod assembly is hinged to the foreign object removal guide plate.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a pushing structure is further included, which is arranged above the movable combing plate. The pushing structure includes a pushing cylinder and a pushing plate. The output end of the pushing cylinder is connected to the pushing plate and drives the pushing plate to reciprocate and approach the shredding structure.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the single-shaft shredder has at least the following beneficial effects: the shredding structure is driven by the electric drive structure, which effectively reduces the equipment construction cost and meets the needs of small-scale production and use. The movable comb plate is driven by the movable comb plate cylinder. When there is a foreign object between the movable comb plate and the shredding structure, causing a jam, the output force of the shredding structure is greater than the output force of the movable comb plate cylinder, so that the movable comb plate flips downward, and the foreign object removal guide plate flips synchronously under the linkage action of the connecting rod assembly, so that the foreign object falls into the corresponding area.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a single-shaft shredder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic top view of a single-shaft shredder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of a single-shaft shredder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the movable comb plate of the single-shaft shredder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] The shredder housing 100, the shredding chamber 110,

[0030] Shredding structure 200, spindle 210, spacer 220, blade 230,

[0031] Electric drive structure 300, output motor 310, reduction box 320,

[0032] Fixed comb plate 400, connecting plate 510, comb plate 520, extension plate 530, movable shaft 540, flip gear 550,

[0033] Movable comb plate cylinder 600, flip rack 610, guide roller 620,

[0034] Foreign body guide plate 710, connecting rod assembly 720,

[0035] Pushing structure 800 , pushing cylinder 810 , and pushing plate 820 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, top, bottom, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood as not including the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood as including the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0040] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 4 A single-shaft shredder according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0041] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the single-shaft shredder includes a shredder housing 100, a through shredding chamber 110 is provided inside the shredder housing 100, and a hopper (not shown in the drawings) is detachably provided on the top of the shredder housing 100. The top and top of the shredding chamber 110 are hollowed out, and the hopper is detachably installed above the shredding chamber 110, so that the staff can put materials into the shredding chamber 110 conveniently. The single-shaft shredder of this embodiment can be matched with manual or mechanical feeding, and the actual use mode is selected according to the needs.

[0042] The shredding chamber 110 is also provided with a shredding structure 200, a fixed comb plate 400, a movable comb plate and a foreign body guide plate 710. The shredding structure 200 is rotatably connected in the shredding chamber 110, and the output end of the shredding structure 200 extends through the shredder housing 100 to the outer wall and is transmission-connected with the output end of an electric drive structure 300. The shredding structure 200 is driven by the electric drive structure 300. Compared with the existing hydraulic transmission, the output power of the equipment is reduced, but it can meet the use requirements of small-scale production. After adopting the electric drive structure 300, the discharge of hydraulic oil can be reduced during the regular maintenance of the equipment, avoiding oil pollution of the environment, and being more environmentally friendly.

[0043] The fixed comb plate 400 is fixedly arranged in the shredding chamber 110, located on one side of the shredding structure 200, and the end surface of the fixed comb plate 400 is inclined toward the shredding structure 200. The surface of the fixed comb plate 400 is inclined so that the materials falling on the surface of the fixed comb plate 400 are gathered toward the shredding structure 200 under the action of gravity.

[0044] The movable comb plate is rotatably connected to the shredding chamber 110 and is located on the other side of the shredding structure 200. The fixed comb plate 400 and the movable comb plate are arranged facing each other. Specifically, the fixed comb plate 400 and the movable comb plate are respectively located on both sides of the shredding structure 200. The shredding structure 200, the fixed comb plate 400 and the movable comb plate cover the plane of the shredding chamber 110, so that the material is continuously shredded in the area above the shredding structure 200 and enters the area below the shredding chamber 110.

[0045] The foreign object removal guide plate 710 is rotatably connected to the shredding chamber 110 , and the foreign object removal guide plate 710 and the movable comb plate are linked by a connecting rod assembly 720 . When the movable comb plate flips over, the connecting rod assembly 720 drives the foreign object removal guide plate 710 to flip over, so as to discharge foreign objects in the shredding chamber 110 .

[0046] The movable comb plate cylinder 600 is connected to the rotating shaft of the movable comb plate and is used to drive the movable comb plate to flip. The movable comb plate cylinder 600 is in a pressure-maintaining state under working conditions. If foreign matter is mixed into the metal waste, the foreign matter is generally a solid hard metal block such as a metal head, and the required tearing force is very large. The moment generated by the shredding structure 200 squeezing the material on the movable comb plate is greater than the moment provided by the movable comb plate cylinder 600, and the movable comb plate rotates around its axis and drives the foreign matter removal guide plate 710 to rotate through the connecting rod assembly 720. At this time, a gap of a certain distance is generated between the movable comb plate and the shredding structure 200, and the foreign matter falls from this gap and slides along the surface of the foreign matter removal guide plate 710 and falls into a special receiving container, and is separated from the shredded metal scraps. Thereafter, the movable comb plate cylinder 600 pushes the movable comb plate to reset, and the tearing action continues.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the shredding structure 200 includes a main shaft 210 and a spacer sleeve 220 and a blade 230 sleeved with the main shaft 210. The main shaft 210 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the shredder housing 100 through a bearing, and the spacer sleeve 220 and the blade 230 are arranged at intervals along the main shaft 210.

[0048] Specifically, the periphery of the blade set 230 is provided with two diameter specifications of large blades and small blades, wherein the blade set 230 with a larger diameter is located at the side wall of the shredding chamber 110, and the blade set 230 with a smaller diameter is connected to the spacer sleeve 220 along the axial direction of the main shaft 210. The comb teeth gap of the fixed comb plate 400 and the movable comb plate corresponds to the gap of the blade set 230. When the material is hooked by the blade set 230 and pushed into the comb teeth gap of the comb plate, the material is shredded under the shear force of the comb plate and the blade set 230.

[0049] Furthermore, if Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a large blade set is arranged around the periphery of the blade set 230, and the large blade set is inclined toward the movable comb plate. When the main shaft 210 rotates, the large blade set around the periphery of the blade set 230 drives the material toward the movable comb plate, so that the material is squeezed and sheared by the large blade set and the comb plate.

[0050] Furthermore, if Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the electric drive structure 300 includes an output motor 310 and a reduction box 320. The output shaft of the output motor 310 is connected to the input end of the reduction box 320. The output end of the reduction box 320 is connected to the main shaft 210. The output motor 310 drives the main shaft 210 to rotate toward the movable comb plate. Specifically, the output of the output motor 310 increases the output torque of the shredding structure 200 through the deceleration and torque-increasing effect of the reduction box 320, which can meet the shredding force requirements of small-scale production. The structure of the output motor 310 and the reduction box 320 is a technical solution well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the movable comb plate is provided with a connecting plate 510 and a comb plate 520, the thickness of the comb plate 520 is less than the thickness of the connecting plate 510, and the materials in the shredding chamber 110 are gathered at the comb plate 520. Specifically, the connecting plate 510 and the comb plate 520 are integrally formed, and when the movable comb plate is turned over, the materials on the connecting plate 510 are close to the comb plate 520.

[0052] Furthermore, if Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, the connecting plate 510 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the shredder housing 100 via a movable shaft 540. One end of the movable shaft 540 extends to the movable comb plate cylinder 600 and is provided with a flip gear 550. The output end of the movable comb plate cylinder 600 is provided with a flip rack 610, and the flip rack 610 is meshed with the flip gear 550 for transmission.

[0053] Specifically, the movable shaft 540 penetrates the two side walls of the shredder housing 100 and is rotatably connected to the side wall opening through a bearing. One end of the movable shaft 540 passes through the side wall of the shredder housing 100 and continues to extend to the movable comb plate cylinder 600. The movable comb plate cylinder 600 drives the flip gear 550 by driving the expansion and contraction of the flip rack 610. In the working state, the position of the flip rack 610 is fixed. When the movable comb plate is subjected to the extrusion force, the movable comb plate cylinder 600 maintains the position of the flip rack 610. When the torque generated on the movable comb plate is greater than the torque provided by the movable comb plate cylinder 600 and the gear rack, the movable comb plate rotates around its movable shaft 540 and drives the foreign matter removal guide plate 710 to rotate through the connecting rod assembly 720. Then the movable comb plate cylinder 600 drives the flip rack 610 to reset the movable comb plate, completing the foreign matter removal work.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, a guide roller 620 is disposed above the flip rack 610, the guide roller 620 abuts against the top of the flip rack 610, and the flip gear 550 is meshed with the teeth below the flip rack 610. Specifically, the guide roller 620 is disposed above the flip rack 610 to offset the vertical force of the flip rack 610, thereby preventing the flipping and resetting of the movable comb plate from being affected by the offset of the installation position of the flip rack 610.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the end surface of the foreign object ejection guide plate 710 is perpendicular to the end surface of the movable comb plate in the initial state, and the foreign object ejection guide plate 710 is located below the shredding area of ​​the comb plate 520 and the shredding structure 200. Specifically, the foreign object ejection guide plate 710 is in a falling state under the action of gravity. When the movable comb plate flips over, the connecting rod assembly 720 drives the foreign object ejection guide plate 710 to flip upward. At this time, the falling area of ​​the shredding cavity 110 is blocked by the foreign object ejection guide plate 710, and the inclined end of the foreign object ejection guide plate 710 points to the foreign object recovery cavity or the foreign object recovery box. After the foreign objects fall into the foreign object ejection guide plate 710, they slide into the foreign object recovery container under the action of gravity.

[0056] Furthermore, an extension plate 530 extends downward from the joint of the connecting plate 510 and the comb plate 520, one end of the connecting rod assembly 720 is hinged to the extension plate 530, and the other end of the connecting rod assembly 720 is hinged to the foreign body removal guide plate 710. Specifically, in order to enable the foreign body removal guide plate 710 to be driven by the connecting rod assembly 720 during the rotation of the movable comb plate, the hinge point between the connecting rod assembly 720 and the movable comb plate and the movable shaft 540 need to be eccentrically arranged. The movable comb plate is provided with the extension plate 530 so that the axis of the connecting rod assembly 720 and the movable shaft 540 are staggered. When the movable comb plate rotates around the movable shaft 540, the connecting rod assembly 720 rotates around the hinge of the extension plate 530 to drive the foreign body removal guide plate 710 to flip.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a pushing structure 800, which is arranged above the movable combing plate. The pushing structure 800 includes a pushing cylinder 810 and a pushing plate 820. The output end of the pushing cylinder 810 is connected to the pushing plate 820 and drives the pushing plate 820 to reciprocate close to the shredding structure 200.

[0058] Specifically, since the filamentary or ball-shaped metal waste is fluffy, the blade 230 cannot hook it, causing the shredding structure 200 to idle. In order to prevent this from happening, a push cylinder 810 and a push plate 820 are arranged above the movable comb plate. The push cylinder 810 drives the push plate 820 to reciprocate, pushing the metal waste to the blade 230, thereby improving the material shredding efficiency.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0060] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A single-shaft shredder, characterized in that: include: A shredder housing (100) is provided with a through shredding chamber (110) inside, and a hopper is detachably provided on the top of the shredder housing (100); A shredding structure (200) is rotatably connected in the shredding chamber (110), and an input end of the shredding structure (200) is drivingly connected to an output end of an electric drive structure (300); A fixed comb plate (400) is fixedly arranged in the shredding chamber (110) and is located on one side of the shredding structure (200); an end surface of the fixed comb plate (400) is arranged to be inclined toward the shredding structure (200); a movable comb plate, rotatably connected to the shredding chamber (110), and located on the other side of the shredding structure (200); the fixed comb plate (400) and the movable comb plate are arranged facing each other; A movable combing plate cylinder (600), which is drivingly connected to the rotating shaft of the movable combing plate and is used to drive the movable combing plate to flip; The foreign matter removal guide plate (710) is rotatably connected to the shredding chamber (110), and the foreign matter removal guide plate (710) and the movable comb plate are linked by a connecting rod assembly (720). When the movable comb plate flips, the connecting rod assembly (720) drives the foreign matter removal guide plate (710) to flip, so as to discharge foreign matter in the shredding chamber (110).

2. The single-shaft shredder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shredding structure (200) comprises a main shaft (210), a spacer sleeve (220) and a blade (230) sleeved with the main shaft (210); the main shaft (210) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the shredder housing (100) via a bearing; the spacer sleeve (220) and the blade (230) are arranged at intervals along the direction of the main shaft (210).

3. The single-shaft shredder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blade (230) is provided with shredding claws around its periphery, and the shredding claws are inclined toward the movable combing plate.

4. The single-shaft shredder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electric drive structure (300) comprises an output motor (310) and a reduction box (320); the output shaft of the output motor (310) is connected to the input end of the reduction box (320); the output end of the reduction box (320) is connected to the main shaft (210); and the output motor (310) drives the main shaft (210) to rotate in the direction of the movable comb plate.

5. The single-shaft shredder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable comb plate is provided with a connecting plate (510) and a comb plate (520); the thickness of the comb plate (520) is smaller than the thickness of the connecting plate (510); and the materials in the shredding chamber (110) are gathered at the comb plate (520).

6. The single-shaft shredder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting plate (510) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the shredder housing (100) via a movable shaft (540); one end of the movable shaft (540) extends to the movable comb plate cylinder (600) and is provided with a flip gear (550); an output end of the movable comb plate cylinder (600) is provided with a flip rack (610); the flip rack (610) is meshed with the flip gear (550) for transmission.

7. The single-shaft shredder according to claim 6, characterized in that: A guide roller (620) is arranged above the flip rack (610), the guide roller (620) abuts against the top of the flip rack (610), and the flip gear (550) is meshedly connected with the teeth below the flip rack (610).

8. The single-shaft shredder according to claim 5, characterized in that: In an initial state, the end surface of the foreign matter removal guide plate (710) is perpendicular to the end surface of the movable comb plate, and the foreign matter removal guide plate (710) is located below the shredding area of ​​the comb plate (520) and the shredding structure (200).

9. The single-shaft shredder according to claim 8, characterized in that: An extension plate (530) extends downward from the connection point between the connecting plate (510) and the comb plate (520); one end of the connecting rod assembly (720) is hinged to the extension plate (530); and the other end of the connecting rod assembly (720) is hinged to the foreign matter removal guide plate (710).

10. The single-shaft shredder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It also includes a pushing structure (800) which is arranged above the movable combing plate. The pushing structure (800) includes a pushing cylinder (810) and a pushing plate (820). The output end of the pushing cylinder (810) is connected to the pushing plate (820) and drives the pushing plate (820) to reciprocate and approach the shredding structure (200).

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