Agent and method for removing potassium feldspar in collophanite and reducing potassium content through step-by-step flotation

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of phosphorite flotation, and particularly relates to a reagent and a method for removing potassium feldspar in collophanite and reducing the potassium content through step-by-step flotation, the removal of the potassium feldspar in the collophanite is realized through two-stage ore grinding and fine column machine-combined step-by-step flotation, namely, for fine-fraction mineral particles, firstly, a dispersing agent is adopted for fully dispersing the mineral particles, and then the fine-fraction mineral particles are added into the dispersing agent; then a collecting agent with high selectivity is added, meanwhile, a filling type microbubble countercurrent contact type flotation column is adopted to reduce the bubble size, the collision probability of the micro-fine-particle potassium feldspar and the bubbles is increased, and efficient flotation of the micro-fine-particle potassium feldspar is achieved; the foam phenomenon deterioration caused by excessive grinding is avoided through second-stage ore grinding; for roughing concentrate pulp, an improved compound collecting agent is added, the flotation froth stability is improved, and the collecting performance is enhanced; the ultrasonic device is additionally arranged, foam can be efficiently crushed, ore pulp transfer is facilitated, potassium feldspar in collophanite can be fully removed, the flotation process is stable, simple and convenient, and phosphorite resources are efficiently recycled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of phosphate ore flotation, and in particular relates to an agent and a method for removing potassium feldspar in collophanite by step-by-step flotation to reduce the potassium content. Background Art

[0002] Phosphate rock is an important non-metallic mineral resource that is non-renewable and irreplaceable. It is widely used in agriculture, medicine, food, national defense, sugar making, new energy and other fields.

[0003] The medium and low-grade collophanite minerals are embedded in fine particles and have complex symbiotic relationships. Fine grinding is often required to achieve the monomer dissociation of useful minerals and gangue minerals. A large number of fine particles are easily produced in the grinding process, which will have an adverse effect on subsequent flotation, such as large amount of reagent adsorption, serious mechanical entrainment, and small probability of collision between mineral particles and reagents. It will also cause the flotation foam to be sticky, over-stable, and easy to overflow. Traditional processes generally use screening, hydrocyclones or magnetic separation to separate fine and coarse particles and then flotation, but this process is complicated and requires a lot of manpower and material resources for industrial application, and the flotation cost is high. Potassium feldspar is a potassium-aluminum silicate mineral. In the production of phosphoric acid, K + The reaction generates K 2 SiF 6 Crystals are precipitated on the filter vacuum system and acid pipeline of the phosphoric acid device, which can easily cause scaling and blockage of pipelines and equipment, which is not conducive to phosphoric acid production. In traditional processes, single cationic amine collectors are usually used to remove potassium feldspar. However, amine collectors have strong capture properties but poor selectivity. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an agent and method for removing potassium feldspar from potassium phosphate ore by step-by-step flotation to reduce the potassium content. The agent and method of the present invention utilize the differences in the properties of coarse and fine particles of the mineral to remove potassium feldspar in steps, and have the advantages of flexible process, low agent consumption, high recovery rate, etc.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A reagent for removing potassium feldspar from potassium phosphate ore by step-by-step flotation to reduce potassium content, the reagent comprising collector I and collector II.

[0007] The collector I is composed of an amine agent, a foaming agent, a surfactant and a hydrocarbon oil with a low viscosity in a mass ratio of 43-62:13-27:9-18:7-13. The collector I has strong selectivity but weak collecting ability. It is used in a flotation column for potassium removal roughing. The addition amount is 50g / t-100g / t. The flotation column uses the collector I to remove fine particles.

[0008] The collector II is composed of an amine agent, a surfactant and a hydrocarbon oil with a mass ratio of 53 to 76:14 to 22:12 to 25. The collector II has weak selectivity but strong collecting ability. It is used in a flotation machine for potassium removal and concentration. The added amount is 300 g / t to 450 g / t. The flotation machine uses the collector II to remove coarse particles.

[0009] The collector used in the present invention is compounded according to the differences in specific surface area, volume ratio and surface energy of coarse and fine particle sizes of gangue minerals in collophanite. Collector I has strong selectivity but relatively weak capture ability for fine-grained minerals and is used in a small amount. A dispersant needs to be added to play a dispersing and inhibiting role, and then the useful minerals and gangue minerals in the collophanite are removed by utilizing the adsorption difference between them. Collector II has strong capture ability but relatively weak selectivity and is more effective for coarse-grained minerals. In the present invention, the components of collector I and collector II are mixed in a certain proportion to exert a better effect, so that the interaction between the agents can play a maximum role, and the collector has good selectivity and capture performance.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the collector I, the amine agent is one of a quaternary ammonium salt and a condensed amine, the foaming agent is one of pine oil, methyl isobutyl carbinol, aliphatic hydrocarbon ester, and a phenolic compound, the surfactant is one of Tween 20, Tween 80, Span 80, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium fatty acid, and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and the hydrocarbon oil with a lower viscosity is one of lamp kerosene, aviation kerosene, engine oil, and paraffin-based oil.

[0011] Further preferably, in the collector I, the amine agent is a quaternary ammonium salt or a condensed amine, the foaming agent is methyl isobutyl carbinol or pine oil, and the surfactant is Tween 80, sodium dodecyl sulfate or sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in collector II, the amine agent is one of amine oxide, ether amine and polyamine, the surfactant is one of Tween80, Span80, polyoxyethylene ether, ethylene oxide and polyol fatty acid ester, and the hydrocarbon oil with higher viscosity is one of polyalphaolefin, light diesel, heavy petroleum oil and hydroisomerized oil.

[0013] Further preferably, in collector II, the amine agent is etheramine or polyamine, the foaming agent is methyl isobutyl carbinol or pine oil, and the surfactant is Span 80, polyoxyethylene ether or polyol fatty acid ester.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for removing potassium feldspar from collophanite by step-by-step flotation to reduce the potassium content, using any of the above-mentioned reagents, the method comprising the following steps:

[0015] After grinding the collophanite ore, water is added to prepare the slurry to obtain the first slurry, to which dispersant and collector I are sequentially added to prepare the slurry, and potassium removal roughing is carried out in a flotation column to obtain roughing concentrate slurry and roughing tailings.

[0016] The roughing concentrate slurry is concentrated and then subjected to secondary grinding, and water is added to adjust the slurry to obtain a second slurry, and then a dispersant and a collector I are added to the second slurry, and potassium removal roughing is carried out in a flotation column to obtain a primary concentrated ore and a primary concentrated tailings.

[0017] The primary concentrated ore is fed into a flotation machine, and collector II is added to adjust the slurry, and secondary concentration is performed to remove potassium, thereby obtaining a secondary concentrated ore and a secondary concentrated tailings.

[0018] The secondary concentrated tailings, rougher tailings and primary concentrated tailings are combined, subjected to ultrasonic treatment to eliminate surface foam, and subjected to primary scavenging for potassium removal to obtain primary scavenging concentrate and primary scavenging tailings.

[0019] The primary scavenging tailings are fed into a flotation machine for secondary scavenging to remove potassium, thereby obtaining secondary scavenging concentrate and secondary scavenging tailings, wherein the secondary scavenging tailings are the depotassium tailings products.

[0020] The secondary concentrated concentrate is combined with the primary scavenged concentrate and the secondary scavenged concentrate, and a pH adjuster and a collector III are added in sequence to perform magnesium removal roughing to obtain a phosphate concentrate product and a magnesium removal tailings product.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in collector III, the fatty acid is one of sodium oleate, oxidized paraffin soap and cyclohexane acid, and the surfactant is one of Tween 20, Tween 80, Span 80, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

[0022] More preferably, in collector III, the fatty acid is sodium oleate or cyclohexane acid, and the surfactant is hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide or sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

[0023] More preferably, the dispersant is sodium hexametaphosphate or sodium carbonate, and the pH adjuster is phosphoric acid.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dispersant is one of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium silicate, sodium carbonate and sodium tripolyphosphate; the collector III is composed of fatty acids and surfactants in a mass ratio of 6 to 12:1; and the pH adjuster is one or both of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of dispersant added to the first slurry and the second slurry is 50g / t~200g / t, the amount of collector I added to the first slurry and the second slurry is 50g / t~100g / t, the amount of collector II added is 300g / t~450g / t, the amount of collector III added is 350g / t~450g / t, the amount of pH adjuster added is 6kg / t~8kg / t, the mass concentration of pH adjuster is 10%, and the adjusted pH range is 3.5~5.5.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the two potassium removal roughing operations, the mass percentage concentration of the slurry is 20% to 30%, the mass fraction of the particles of the collophanite ore ground to a particle size less than 74 μm is 65% to 85%, and the mass fraction of the particles of the second-stage grinding to a particle size less than 74 μm is 75% to 95%.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flotation column is a packed microbubble countercurrent contact flotation column, and the flotation machine is an XFD flotation machine.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic treatment uses an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the collophanite is a medium-grade collophanite, wherein P 2 O 5 The grade is 25% to 30%, K 2 O grade is 1% to 3%, SiO 2 The grade is 12% to 23%, and the MgO grade is 1% to 3%.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The collector used in the present invention is compounded according to the difference in specific surface area, volume and surface energy of coarse and fine particle sizes of gangue minerals in collophanite. Collector I and collector II are added to the flotation column and flotation machine respectively for potassium removal roughing and potassium removal concentrating. Collector I is composed of amine reagents, frothers, surfactants and hydrocarbon oils in a mass ratio of 43-62:13-27:9-18:7-13. Collector I has strong selectivity for fine-grained minerals and relatively weak collection ability. The dosage is small, which is 50g / t-100g / t. After adding a dispersant to play a dispersing and inhibiting role, it is used The useful minerals and gangue minerals in the collophanite are removed by the adsorption difference between them. The collector II is composed of an amine agent, a surfactant and a hydrocarbon oil in a mass ratio of 53-76:14-22:12-25. The collector II has a strong collecting ability and a relatively weak selectivity. It is removed from potassium in a flotation machine and the added amount is 300g / t-450g / t. The effect is better for coarse-grained minerals. The present invention mixes the components of the collector I and the collector II in a certain proportion to exert a better effect, maximize the interaction between the agents, and has good selectivity and collecting performance.

[0032] 2. According to the difference in properties such as volume, specific surface area and surface energy of coarse and fine particles, the present invention deploys collectors with different characteristics for column-machine combined flotation, thereby achieving accurate removal of potassium feldspar and improving the recovery rate of useful minerals; adopting two-stage grinding can not only achieve full dissociation of apatite and potassium feldspar, but also avoid the problem of over-grinding, reduce the flotation foam pressure, and make the process run stably; the added ultrasonic device generates ultrasonic waves through an ultrasonic generator, and then outputs energy through an ultrasonic transducer, which can effectively eliminate the foam generated in the reverse flotation depotassium process, and is convenient for subsequent depotassium scavenging.

[0033] 3. The present invention realizes the removal of potassium feldspar in collophanite by two-stage grinding and fine column machine-combined step-by-step flotation, that is, for fine-grained mineral particles, a dispersant is first used to fully disperse the minerals, and then a collector with strong selectivity is added, and at the same time, a filled microbubble countercurrent contact flotation column is used to reduce the bubble size, increase the collision probability of fine potassium feldspar and bubbles, and realize efficient flotation of fine potassium feldspar; the two-stage grinding avoids the deterioration of foam caused by over-grinding; for the roughing concentrate pulp, an improved composite collector is added to improve the flotation foam stability and enhance the collection performance; the added ultrasonic device can efficiently break the foam and facilitate the pulp transfer. In summary, the present invention can realize the full removal of potassium feldspar in collophanite, the flotation process is stable and simple, and the phosphate resources are efficiently recovered. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 The present invention is a process flow chart for removing potassium feldspar from collophanite by step-by-step flotation to reduce potassium content. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is a detailed description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in combination with the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that all professional terms used in the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the following embodiments of the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0037] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reagent and method for removing potassium feldspar from collophanite by step-by-step flotation to reduce the potassium content. First, two-stage grinding is used to avoid over-grinding to produce ultrafine particles, thereby reducing the flotation foam pressure; secondly, collectors with different properties are innovated and used for column-machine combined flotation to remove fine-grained and coarse-grained minerals in steps, so as to achieve accurate flotation, reduce the dosage of reagents, and reduce the flotation cost; at the same time, the foam generated in the reverse flotation depotassium removal process is eliminated by an ultrasonic device, which is convenient for subsequent scavenging and improves the recovery rate of useful minerals.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] For a potassium aluminum silicate colloidal phosphate mine in Hubei, the original ore P 2 O 5 Grade 26.83%, K 2 O grade is 2.10%, MgO grade is 1.42%, and the treatment is carried out according to the following process:

[0040] (1) The blocky collophosphate ore is crushed to less than 1 mm, and then ground and sampled. The grinding fineness is -0.074 mm, accounting for 76.12%. Water is added to adjust the pulp concentration to 25%. Dispersant sodium carbonate is added to the pulp mixing barrel in an amount of 0.06 kg / t, and stirred for 2 minutes. Collector I is added in an amount of 0.085 kg / t, stirred for 1 minute, and then pumped to a packed microbubble countercurrent contact flotation column for reverse flotation and potassium removal roughing to obtain roughing concentrate pulp and roughing tailings. The collector I used is a mixture of quaternary ammonium salt, methyl isobutyl carbinol, sodium fatty acid, and engine oil in a mass ratio of 61:17:10:12.

[0041] (2) After the roughing concentrate slurry is concentrated, it is subjected to secondary grinding to a mass fraction of particles less than 74 μm of 85.54%, and water is added to adjust the slurry to a slurry mass percentage concentration of 25%. The slurry adjustment and flotation operations in step (1) are repeated to perform potassium removal and concentration, thereby obtaining a primary concentrated ore slurry and a primary concentrated tailings.

[0042] (3) The primary concentrated ore pulp is added to the flotation machine, and the collector II is added in an amount of 0.35 kg / t, stirred for 1 min, and reverse flotation is performed to remove potassium for secondary concentration to obtain secondary concentrated ore and secondary concentrated tailings. The collector II used is a mixture of dodecylamine, Span80, and light diesel in a mass ratio of 70:16:14.

[0043] (4) The secondary concentrated tailings obtained above are combined with the rougher tailings and the primary concentrated tailings, and ultrasonicated 5 times with 4 seconds each time and 3 seconds interval to eliminate the surface foam and then perform a potassium removal scavenging to obtain a primary scavenging concentrate and a primary scavenging tailings.

[0044] (5) The primary scavenging tailings are fed into a flotation machine for secondary scavenging to remove potassium, thereby obtaining secondary scavenging concentrate and secondary scavenging tailings. The secondary scavenging tailings are the final depotassium tailings products.

[0045] (6) The secondary concentration concentrate, the primary scavenging concentrate and the secondary scavenging concentrate are combined, 10 wt% of phosphoric acid is added as a pH adjuster, and the mixture is stirred for 1 minute. Then, collector III is added for reverse flotation and magnesium removal to obtain phosphate concentrate and magnesium-removed tailings; the collector III used is a mixture of cyclohexane acid and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in a mass ratio of 11:1.

[0046] In Example 1, the final P 2 O 5 The grade is 32.47%, K 2 The O grade is 0.79%, the MgO grade is 0.73%, the phosphate concentrate recovery rate is 82.11%, and the sorting indicators are relatively ideal.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] For a potassium aluminum silicate colloidal phosphate mine in Hubei, the original ore P 2 O 5 Grade 26.87%, K 2 O grade is 1.57%, MgO grade is 1.87%, and the treatment is carried out according to the following process:

[0049] (1) The blocky collophosphate ore is crushed to less than 1 mm, and then ground and sampled. The grinding fineness is -0.074 mm, accounting for 78.65%. Water is added to adjust the pulp concentration to 20%. Dispersant sodium hexametaphosphate is added to the pulp in an amount of 0.06 kg / t, and stirred for 2 minutes. Collector I is added in an amount of 0.085 kg / t, stirred for 1 minute, and then pumped to a packed microbubble countercurrent contact flotation column for reverse flotation and potassium removal roughing to obtain roughing concentrate pulp and roughing tailings. The collector I used is a mixture of condensed amine, pine oil, Tween 80, and aviation kerosene in a mass ratio of 57:19:13:11.

[0050] (2) After the roughing concentrate slurry is concentrated, it is subjected to secondary grinding to a mass fraction of particles less than 74 μm of 83.78%, and water is added to adjust the slurry to a slurry mass percentage concentration of 25%. The slurry adjustment and flotation operations in step (1) are repeated to perform potassium removal and concentration, thereby obtaining a primary concentrated ore concentrate slurry and a primary concentrated tailings.

[0051] (3) The primary concentrated ore pulp is added to the flotation machine, and the collector II is added in an amount of 0.40 kg / t, stirred for 1 min, and reverse flotation is performed to remove potassium for secondary concentration to obtain secondary concentrated ore and secondary concentrated tailings. The collector II used is a mixture of isodecyloxypropyl propylenediamine, Span80, and polyalphaolefin in a mass ratio of 75:13:11.

[0052] (4) The secondary concentrated tailings obtained above are combined with the rougher tailings and the primary concentrated tailings, and ultrasonicated 5 times with 4 seconds each time and 3 seconds interval to eliminate the surface foam and then perform a potassium removal scavenging to obtain a primary scavenging concentrate and a primary scavenging tailings.

[0053] (5) The primary scavenging tailings are fed into a flotation machine for secondary scavenging to remove potassium, thereby obtaining secondary scavenging concentrate and secondary scavenging tailings. The secondary scavenging tailings are the final depotassium tailings products.

[0054] (6) The secondary concentration concentrate, the primary scavenging concentrate and the secondary scavenging concentrate are combined, 10 wt% of phosphoric acid is added as a pH adjuster, and the mixture is stirred for 1 min. Then, collector III is added for reverse flotation and magnesium removal to obtain phosphate concentrate and magnesium-removed tailings; the collector III used is a mixture of sodium oleate and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid in a mass ratio of 9:1.

[0055] In Example 2, the final P 2 O 5 Grade 30.59%, K 2 The O grade is 0.98%, the MgO grade is 0.94%, the phosphate concentrate recovery rate is 88.37%, and the sorting indicators are relatively ideal.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] For a potassium aluminum silicate colloidal phosphate mine in Hubei, the original ore P 2 O 5 Grade 26.83%, K 2 O grade is 2.10%, MgO grade is 1.42%, and the treatment is carried out according to the following process:

[0058] (1) The blocky collophosphate ore is crushed to less than 1 mm, and then ground and sampled. The grinding fineness is -0.074 mm, accounting for 65%. Water is added to adjust the pulp concentration to 20%. Dispersant sodium carbonate is added to the pulp mixing barrel in an amount of 0.05 kg / t, and stirred for 2 minutes. Collector I is added in an amount of 0.050 kg / t, stirred for 1 minute, and then pumped to a packed microbubble countercurrent contact flotation column for reverse flotation and potassium removal roughing to obtain roughing concentrate pulp and roughing tailings. The collector I used is a mixture of quaternary ammonium salt, methyl isobutyl carbinol, sodium fatty acid, and engine oil in a mass ratio of 43:13:9:7.

[0059] (2) After the roughing concentrate slurry is concentrated, it is subjected to secondary grinding to a mass fraction of particles less than 74 μm of 75%, water is added to adjust the slurry to a mass percentage concentration of 25%, and the slurry adjustment and flotation operations in step (1) are repeated to perform potassium removal and concentration, thereby obtaining a primary concentrated ore slurry and a primary concentrated tailings.

[0060] (3) The primary concentrated ore pulp is added to the flotation machine, and the collector II is added in an amount of 0.30 kg / t, stirred for 1 min, and reverse flotation is performed to remove potassium for secondary concentration to obtain secondary concentrated ore and secondary concentrated tailings. The collector II used is a mixture of dodecylamine, Span80, and light diesel in a mass ratio of 53:14:12.

[0061] (4) The secondary concentrated tailings obtained above are combined with the rougher tailings and the primary concentrated tailings, and ultrasonicated 5 times with 4 seconds each time and 3 seconds interval to eliminate the surface foam and then perform a potassium removal scavenging to obtain a primary scavenging concentrate and a primary scavenging tailings.

[0062] (5) The primary scavenging tailings are fed into a flotation machine for secondary scavenging to remove potassium, thereby obtaining secondary scavenging concentrate and secondary scavenging tailings. The secondary scavenging tailings are the final depotassium tailings products.

[0063] (6) The secondary concentration concentrate, the primary scavenging concentrate and the secondary scavenging concentrate are combined, 10 wt% of phosphoric acid is added as a pH adjuster, and the mixture is stirred for 1 minute. Then, collector III is added for reverse flotation and magnesium removal to obtain phosphate concentrate and magnesium-removed tailings; the collector III used is a mixture of cyclohexane acid and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in a mass ratio of 6:1.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] For a potassium aluminum silicate colloidal phosphate mine in Hubei, the original ore P 2 O 5 Grade 26.83%, K 2 O grade is 2.10%, MgO grade is 1.42%, and the treatment is carried out according to the following process:

[0066] (1) The blocky collophosphate ore is crushed to less than 1 mm, and then ground and sampled. The grinding fineness is -0.074 mm, accounting for 85%. Water is added to adjust the pulp concentration to 30%. Dispersant sodium carbonate is added to the pulp mixing barrel in an amount of 0.2 kg / t, and stirred for 2 minutes. Collector I is added in an amount of 0.1 kg / t, stirred for 1 minute, and then pumped to a packed microbubble countercurrent contact flotation column for reverse flotation and potassium removal roughing to obtain roughing concentrate pulp and roughing tailings. The collector I used is a mixture of quaternary ammonium salt, methyl isobutyl carbinol, sodium fatty acid, and engine oil in a mass ratio of 62:27:18:13.

[0067] (2) After the roughing concentrate slurry is concentrated, it is subjected to secondary grinding to a mass fraction of particles less than 74 μm of 95%, and water is added to adjust the slurry to a slurry mass percentage concentration of 25%. The slurry adjustment and flotation operations in step (1) are repeated to perform potassium removal and concentration, thereby obtaining a primary concentrated ore slurry and a primary concentrated tailings.

[0068] (3) The primary concentrated ore pulp is added to the flotation machine, and the collector II is added in an amount of 0.45 kg / t, stirred for 1 min, and reverse flotation is performed to remove potassium for secondary concentration to obtain secondary concentrated ore and secondary concentrated tailings. The collector II used is a mixture of dodecylamine, Span80, and light diesel in a mass ratio of 76:22:25.

[0069] (4) The secondary concentrated tailings obtained above are combined with the rougher tailings and the primary concentrated tailings, and ultrasonicated 5 times with 4 seconds each time and 3 seconds interval to eliminate the surface foam and then perform a potassium removal scavenging to obtain a primary scavenging concentrate and a primary scavenging tailings.

[0070] (5) The primary scavenging tailings are fed into a flotation machine for secondary scavenging to remove potassium, thereby obtaining secondary scavenging concentrate and secondary scavenging tailings. The secondary scavenging tailings are the final depotassium tailings products.

[0071] (6) The secondary concentration concentrate, the primary scavenging concentrate and the secondary scavenging concentrate are combined, 10 wt% of phosphoric acid is added as a pH adjuster, and the mixture is stirred for 1 minute. Then, collector III is added for reverse flotation and magnesium removal to obtain phosphate concentrate and magnesium-removed tailings; the collector III used is a mixture of cyclohexane acid and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in a mass ratio of 12:1.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] The first stage of grinding was used to reduce the mass fraction of particles with a fineness of less than 74 μm to 76.12%. No second stage of grinding was performed. The remaining steps were the same as those in Example 1. 2 O 5 The grade is 28.47%, K 2 The O grade is 1.15% and the MgO grade is 0.66%.

[0074] The results show that secondary grinding can achieve more complete removal of potassium feldspar. At the same time, it was observed that during the test, the amount of foam generated by the first-stage grinding for potassium removal was too large, which increased the pressure of subsequent scavenging. During the potassium removal and concentration process, the flotation efficiency was significantly reduced and the concentrate quality decreased.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] The dodecylamine, Span80 and diesel in the collector II were mixed in equal proportions, and the remaining steps were the same as those in Example 2. The phosphate concentrate P was finally obtained. 2 O 5 The grade is 29.24%, K 2 The O grade is 1.28% and the MgO grade is 1.04%.

[0077] The results show that the components of the collector need to be mixed in a certain proportion to achieve better results, maximize the interaction between the agents, and have good selection and collection performance.

[0078] Comparative Example 3

[0079] The collector II in step (5) was replaced by collector I, and the remaining steps were the same as those in Example 2. The final phosphate concentrate P 2 O 5 The grade is 29.84%, K 2 The O grade is 1.17% and the MgO grade is 0.99%.

[0080] The results show that the collector used in the present invention is compounded according to the differences in specific surface area, volume and surface energy of coarse and fine particle sizes of gangue minerals. Collector I has strong selectivity but relatively weak capture ability for fine-grained minerals, and is used in a small amount. A dispersant needs to be added to play a dispersing and inhibiting role, and then the useful minerals and gangue minerals are removed by utilizing the adsorption difference between them. Collector II has strong capture ability but relatively weak selectivity, and is more effective for coarse-grained minerals.

[0081] Comparative Example 4

[0082] The packed microbubble countercurrent contact flotation columns in step (2) and step (4) were replaced with XFD flotation machines, and the remaining steps were the same as those in Example 1. The phosphate concentrate P was finally obtained. 2 O 5 The grade is 30.08%, K 2 The O grade is 1.03% and the MgO grade is 0.94%.

[0083] The results show that when using a traditional XFD flotation machine for a slurry containing fine-grained minerals, the fine-grained minerals will be covered non-selectively and mechanically entrained seriously, which can easily lead to excessive tailings yield, increased grade, and failure to obtain good indicators. In the present invention, different types of flotation machines are used in the roughing and fine separation of potassium removal according to the different volumes, surface areas, and contact modes with foams, to generate bubbles of different sizes, so that the minerals are fully in contact with the reagents, effectively solving this problem.

[0084] In summary, the present invention grinds the raw ore of collophanite, adds water to adjust the slurry, sequentially adds dispersant and collector I, and pumps it to the flotation column for potassium removal roughing, performs two-stage grinding of the roughing concentrate slurry and repeats the roughing operation, adds collector II to the obtained slurry, performs secondary potassium removal and selection, and sequentially adds pH adjuster and collector III to obtain the selected slurry, performs reverse flotation and magnesium removal, and obtains the final phosphate concentrate product and magnesium removal tailings product; the foam product in the reverse flotation and potassium removal process is concentrated and ultrasonically defoamed and then subjected to potassium removal scavenging to obtain the potassium removal tailings product. The present invention innovates collectors with different properties and uses them for column-machine combined flotation, respectively, and performs refined step-by-step removal for coarse and fine particle sizes, and at the same time, ultrasonic equipment breaks the foam, effectively improves the sorting performance of the flotation process, simplifies the process flow, and achieves the purpose of removing potassium feldspar from collophanite and reducing the potassium content.

[0085] It should be noted that when the present invention involves a numerical range, it should be understood that the two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. Since the steps and methods used are the same as those in the embodiments, in order to avoid redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the attached claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0086] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A reagent for removing potassium feldspar from collophanite by stepwise flotation to reduce the potassium content, characterized in that: The reagents include collector I and collector II; The collector I is composed of an amine agent, a frother, a surfactant and a hydrocarbon oil in a mass ratio of 43-62:13-27:9-18:7-13. The collector I is used to be added to a flotation column for potassium removal roughing, and the addition amount is 50g / t-100g / t; The collector II is composed of an amine agent, a surfactant and a hydrocarbon oil in a mass ratio of 53-76:14-22:12-25. The collector II is used to be added to a flotation machine for potassium removal and selection, and the addition amount is 300g / t-450g / t.

2. The agent for reducing potassium content in collophanite by stepwise flotation removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: In collector I, the amine agent is one of quaternary ammonium salt and condensed amine, the foaming agent is one of pine oil, methyl isobutyl carbinol, fatty hydrocarbon ester, and phenolic alcohol compounds, the surfactant is one of Tween20, Tween80, Span80, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium fatty acid and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and the hydrocarbon oil is one of lamp kerosene, aviation kerosene, engine oil, and paraffin-based oil.

3. The agent for reducing potassium content by stepwise flotation removal of potassium feldspar in collophanite according to claim 1, characterized in that: In collector II, the amine agent is one of amine oxide, ether amine and polyamine, the surfactant is one of Tween80, Span80, polyoxyethylene ether, ethylene oxide and polyol fatty acid ester, and the hydrocarbon oil is one of polyalphaolefin, light diesel, heavy petroleum oil and hydroisomerized oil.

4. A method for removing potassium feldspar from collophanite by stepwise flotation to reduce potassium content, characterized in that: Using the medicament according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprises the following steps: After grinding the collophanite ore, water is added to prepare the slurry to obtain a first slurry, a dispersant and a collector I are sequentially added to the first slurry to prepare the slurry, and potassium removal roughing is performed in a flotation column to obtain a roughing concentrate and a roughing tailing; The rougher concentrate is concentrated and then subjected to secondary grinding, water is added to prepare the slurry to obtain a second slurry, a dispersant and a collector I are added to the second slurry, and potassium removal roughing is performed in a flotation column to obtain a primary concentrated concentrate and a primary concentrated tailings; The primary concentrated ore is added to a flotation machine, and a collector II is added to adjust the slurry, and a secondary concentrated ore is removed to obtain a secondary concentrated ore and a secondary concentrated tailings; The secondary concentrated tailings, the rougher tailings and the primary concentrated tailings are combined, subjected to ultrasonic treatment to eliminate surface foam, and subjected to a primary scavenging for potassium removal to obtain a primary scavenging concentrate and a primary scavenging tailings; The primary scavenging tailings are fed into a flotation machine for secondary scavenging to remove potassium, thereby obtaining secondary scavenging concentrate and secondary scavenging tailings, wherein the secondary scavenging tailings are the depotassium tailings products.

5. The method for reducing potassium content by removing potassium feldspar from collophanite by stepwise flotation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dispersant is one of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium silicate, sodium carbonate and sodium tripolyphosphate.

6. The method for reducing potassium content by removing potassium feldspar from collophanite by stepwise flotation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The amount of dispersant added to the first slurry and the second slurry is 50g / t-200g / t, the amount of collector I added to the first slurry and the second slurry is 50g / t-100g / t, and the amount of collector II added is 300g / t-450g / t.

7. The method for reducing potassium content by removing potassium feldspar from collophanite by stepwise flotation according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the two potassium removal roughing processes, the mass percentage concentration of the slurry is 20% to 30%, the mass fraction of the particles of the collophanite ore ground to a size less than 74 μm is 65% to 85%, and the mass fraction of the particles of the second-stage grinding to a size less than 74 μm is 75% to 95%.

8. The method for reducing potassium content by removing potassium feldspar from collophanite by stepwise flotation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flotation column is a filled microbubble countercurrent contact flotation column, and the flotation machine is an XFD flotation machine.

9. The method for reducing potassium content by removing potassium feldspar from collophanite by stepwise flotation according to claim 4, characterized in that: Ultrasonic treatment uses an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic transducer.

10. The method for reducing potassium content by removing potassium feldspar from collophanite by stepwise flotation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collophanite is a medium-grade collophanite, in which the P2O5 grade is 25% to 30%, the K2O grade is 1% to 3%, the SiO2 grade is 12% to 23%, and the MgO grade is 1% to 3%.

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