Lathe for machining outer circular surfaces of long shaft parts

Abstract

The invention discloses an outer circle face machining lathe for long shaft parts, and relates to the field of turning machine tools, the outer circle face machining lathe comprises a base, collecting grooves are formed in the two sides of the base, a first baffle and a second baffle are installed at the two ends of the base respectively, and a rotating motor and a driving motor are installed on the inner wall of the first baffle; a machined part is clamped at the output end of the rotating motor, the output end of the driving motor is connected with a screw rod, the outer side of the screw rod is sleeved with a moving seat, and multiple sets of adjusting air cylinders are installed at the top end of the moving seat. Through the arrangement of the positioning air cylinder, the fixing structure and the moving seat, when a machined part is machined, the positioning air cylinder pushes the fixing structure to fix the machined part from the end face of the machined part, so that the moving seat can move to the outer side of the fixing structure, and a blade is adjusted; the blade can cut the machined part from the side face of the machined part, so that damage to the cutter is avoided, and the cutting effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of turning machine tools, in particular to a lathe for processing the outer cylindrical surface of a long shaft part. Background Art

[0002] A slender shaft refers to a shaft with a length-to-diameter ratio greater than 25. The key technology for turning a slender shaft is to prevent bending deformation during processing. To this end, measures must be taken from the aspects of fixtures, machine tool accessories, process methods, operating techniques, tools and cutting amounts. During the processing, the corresponding lathe needs to be used to process the slender shaft.

[0003] Prior art, such as a multi-tool progressive turning machine for a slender shaft disclosed in Chinese invention patent publication number CN113579265B, comprises: a machine tool main body unit, a multi-tool processing unit, a left preload unit and a right preload unit; the left preload unit and the right preload unit are distributed at both ends of the machine tool main body unit to provide support force for the slender shaft to prevent the slender shaft from being deformed, and drive the multi-tool processing unit to reciprocate along the axial direction; the multi-tool processing unit is arranged on the machine tool main body unit, and reciprocates on the machine tool main body unit to process the slender shaft. When processing the slender shaft, the prior art uses a multi-tool processing unit to process the outer side of the embryonic axis, which can perform multi-section turning on the slender shaft and stretch the slender shaft to avoid bending due to gravity, thereby improving the processing accuracy.

[0004] However, the structure of the multi-tool machining unit in the prior art is too complicated and occupies a large volume. During the turning process, it is difficult to machine the end of the slender shaft. Secondly, when machining slender shafts of different specifications, multiple sets of blades need to be replaced at the same time. The prior art itself has a complicated structure, and it is even more inconvenient to replace the blades. Finally, during the machining process, the prior art uses a stretching method to keep the slender shaft level. However, during the stretching process, the slender shaft is fixed and limited by a steel wire, which can easily fall off. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lathe for machining the outer cylindrical surface of long shaft parts to solve the technical problems that the end of the slender shaft is difficult to machine, the tool of the existing lathe is inconvenient to disassemble, and the slender shaft is inconvenient to fix.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A lathe for processing the outer cylindrical surface of a long shaft part, comprising a base, collecting grooves are installed on both sides of the base, a first baffle and a second baffle are installed at both ends of the base, a rotating motor and a driving motor are installed on the inner wall of the first baffle, the output end of the rotating motor clamps the workpiece, the output end of the driving motor is connected to a screw, a moving seat is sleeved on the outer side of the screw, multiple groups of adjusting cylinders are installed on the top of the moving seat, a support table is installed on the top of the output end of all adjusting cylinders, and the middle of the support table is recessed, and a roller is installed at the recessed position, the workpiece is located on the roller, a cutting knife is installed above the support table, multiple groups of cutting cylinders are installed inside the cutting knife, a knife seat is installed at the output end of the cutting cylinder, and a blade is installed at the bottom end of the knife seat, the cutting cylinder adjusts the blade at different positions, and different blades cut the workpiece to different degrees, a positioning cylinder is installed on the side of the second baffle, and a limiting mechanism is installed at the output end of the positioning cylinder, and the diameter of the limiting mechanism is smaller than the diameter of the workpiece.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to conveniently cut workpieces with different diameters, and during the cutting process, the workpieces can be cut at different depths simultaneously, thereby improving the cutting efficiency.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that a slide rail is installed on the top of the base, the slide rail is located on both sides of the screw rod, and the slide rail is fixed to the top of the base by bolts.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient to limit the position of the movable seat.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the bottom end of the movable seat is connected to a base, and a roller is installed inside the base, and the base is fitted with the top end of the slide rail.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the movable seat can maintain the stability of movement and improve the cutting effect.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that a slide plate is connected to the bottom end of the support platform, a groove is provided on the inner side of the support platform, and the groove is aligned with the slide plate, and the bottom end of the slide plate extends to both sides of the base and is aligned with the collection tank.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the waste chips after cutting can be discharged through the slide plate and collected through the collecting groove.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the inner wall of the slide plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, the base is located inside the through holes, and the bottom end of the support platform is connected with a plurality of reinforcing edges.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the strength of the support platform can be improved, making it easier to support different workpieces.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: the limiting mechanism includes a turntable and a fixed structure, a plurality of groups of sliding grooves are provided on the inner side of the turntable, the fixed structure is located in the sliding grooves in the turntable, a push rod is connected to the outer side of the fixed structure, one end of the push rod is connected to a push column, and the push column is fitted with the outer side of the workpiece, the other end of the push rod is connected to a locking block, the outer wall of the fixed structure is provided with a locking groove, the push rod is engaged with the locking groove through the locking block, and an adjusting bolt is connected to the top end of the fixed structure, and the adjusting bolt adjusts the position of the fixed structure.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the position of the fixed structure can be easily adjusted, thereby facilitating the positioning of workpieces of different thicknesses without blocking the cutting tool.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that a support frame is installed on the outer side of the output end of the positioning cylinder, elastic telescopic rods are installed on both sides of the support frame, the output end of the elastic telescopic rod is connected to a bracket, and the bracket is sleeved on the outer side of the workpiece, and when the moving seat moves, the bracket is pushed to squeeze the elastic telescopic rod.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient to provide limited support for the workpiece.

[0020] In summary, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention provides a positioning cylinder, a fixed structure and a movable seat. When processing a workpiece, the positioning cylinder can push the fixed structure to fix the workpiece from the end face, so that the movable seat can be moved to the outside of the fixed structure and the blade can be adjusted so that the blade can cut the workpiece from the side of the workpiece, thereby reducing damage to the tool and achieving a better cutting effect.

[0022] 2. The present invention provides a movable seat, which can limit the workpiece during the cutting process through the support table, and at the same time discharge the waste chips generated by the cutting through the slide plate through the slot, so that the waste chips enter the collection tank, which can avoid the accumulation of waste chips on the support table or the slide rail, and reduce the interference of waste chips on cutting.

[0023] 3. The present invention also provides a positioning cylinder, which can enable the elastic telescopic rod to push the bracket to move synchronously with the moving seat during the cutting process as the moving seat moves, until the bracket is sleeved on the outside of the end of the workpiece, thereby radially limiting the workpiece, thereby limiting the workpiece and reducing the deviation of the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mobile seat of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the mobile seat of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning cylinder and the fixing structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the fixed structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting knife of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the support frame and the elastic telescopic rod of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. base; 101. collecting trough; 102. first baffle; 103. second baffle; 104. slide rail; 2. rotating motor; 3. driving motor; 301. screw; 4. workpiece; 5. moving seat; 501. base; 502. adjusting cylinder; 503. slide plate; 504. supporting table; 505. roller; 506. limiting frame; 6. positioning cylinder; 601. turntable; 602. supporting frame; 603. elastic telescopic rod; 604. bracket; 7. cutting knife; 701. cutting cylinder; 702. knife seat; 703. blade; 8. fixing structure; 801. push rod; 802. push column; 803. engaging block; 804. engaging groove; 805. adjusting bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0033] The following describes an embodiment of the present invention based on its overall structure.

[0034] A lathe for machining the outer cylindrical surface of long shaft parts, such as Figures 1 to 7As shown, it includes a base 1, collecting troughs 101 are installed on both sides of the base 1, a first baffle 102 and a second baffle 103 are installed at both ends of the base 1 respectively, a rotating motor 2 and a driving motor 3 are installed on the inner wall of the first baffle 102, the output end of the rotating motor 2 clamps the workpiece 4, the output end of the driving motor 3 is connected to a screw 301, a moving seat 5 is sleeved on the outer side of the screw 301, a slide rail 104 is installed on the top of the base 1, the slide rail 104 is located on both sides of the screw 301, and the slide rail 104 is fixed to the top of the base 1 by bolts, the bottom end of the moving seat 5 is connected to the base 501, and a roller is installed on the inner side of the base 501, the base 501 is in contact with the top of the slide rail 104, which can facilitate the moving seat 5 to move left and right, thereby driving the tool group to cut the workpiece 4.

[0035] See also Figure 2 A plurality of adjusting cylinders 502 are installed on the top of the movable seat 5, a supporting platform 504 is installed on the top of the output end of all adjusting cylinders 502, and the middle of the supporting platform 504 is recessed, and a roller 505 is installed at the recessed position, the workpiece 4 is located on the roller 505, a cutting knife 7 is installed above the supporting platform 504, and a plurality of cutting cylinders 701 are installed inside the cutting knife 7, a knife seat 702 is installed on the output end of the cutting cylinder 701, and a blade 703 is installed on the bottom end of the knife seat 702, the cutting cylinder 701 adjusts the blade 703 at different positions, and different blades 703 cut the workpiece 4 to different degrees.

[0036] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 A positioning cylinder 6 is installed on the side of the second baffle 103, and a limiting mechanism is installed on the output end of the positioning cylinder 6. The diameter of the limiting mechanism is smaller than the diameter of the workpiece 4. The bottom end of the support table 504 is connected to a slide plate 503. A groove is provided on the inner side of the support table 504, and the groove is aligned with the slide plate 503. The bottom end of the slide plate 503 extends to both sides of the base 1 and is aligned with the collection groove 101, which can facilitate the collection of waste chips after cutting.

[0037] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The inner wall of the slide plate 503 is provided with a plurality of through holes, the base 501 is located inside the through holes, and the bottom end of the support platform 504 is connected with a plurality of reinforcing edges to improve the strength of the support platform 504 .

[0038] See also Figures 4 to 6The limiting mechanism includes a rotating disk 601 and a fixed structure 8. The inner side of the rotating disk 601 is provided with multiple groups of slide grooves. The fixed structure 8 is located in the slide grooves in the rotating disk 601. The outer side of the fixed structure 8 is connected with a push rod 801. One end of the push rod 801 is connected with a push column 802, and the push column 802 is in contact with the outer side of the workpiece 4. The other end of the push rod 801 is connected with a clamping block 803. The outer wall of the fixed structure 8 is provided with a clamping groove 804. The push rod 801 is clamped with the clamping groove 804 through the clamping block 803. The top of the fixed structure 8 is connected with an adjusting The bolt 805 is adjusted to adjust the position of the fixing structure 8, so that fibers of workpieces 4 with different diameters can be fixed. A support frame 602 is also installed on the outside of the output end of the positioning cylinder 6, and elastic telescopic rods 603 are installed on both sides of the support frame 602. The output end of the elastic telescopic rod 603 is connected to a bracket 604, and the bracket 604 is sleeved on the outside of the workpiece 4. When the moving seat 5 moves, the bracket 604 is pushed to squeeze the elastic telescopic rod 603, and the workpiece 4 can be limited by the bracket 604 after cutting.

[0039] During use, the driving motor 3 is first started, and the driving motor 3 drives the moving seat 5 to move to the outside of the fixed structure 8 through the screw 301, so that the moving seat 5 pushes the bracket 604, and the bracket 604 squeezes the elastic telescopic rod 603 until the top rod 801 and the top column 802 are located in the slot of the support platform 504, and then the workpiece 4 is placed outside the moving seat 5, so that the top of the roller 505 is aligned with the workpiece 4, and the workpiece 4 is limited by the mounting seat connected to the rotating motor 2, and then the positioning cylinder 6 is started, and the positioning cylinder 6 pushes the fixed structure 8 to move closer, and the end of the workpiece 4 is moved closer. The workpiece 4 is squeezed and limited by friction. Subsequently, the cutting cylinders 701 are started, and the cutting cylinders 701 drive the knife seats 702 to adjust the angles, so that the blades 703 are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, and the outermost blades 703 are close to the workpiece 4. Subsequently, the rotating motor 2 and the driving motor 3 are started, and the rotating motor 2 drives the workpiece 4 to rotate, and the driving motor 3 drives the screw 301 to rotate, and the screw 301 drives the moving seat 5 to move toward the workpiece 4, so that the blades 703 can cut the surface of the workpiece 4, and the plurality of blades 703 can cut the surface of the workpiece 4. The blades 703 cut the outer wall of the workpiece 4 from the outside to the inside in turn, and during the cutting process, the blades 703 cut from the end face of the workpiece 4, which can effectively improve the cutting effect, reduce damage to the blades 703, reduce the load on the cutting cylinder 701, and reduce the cutting depth of each blade 703 on the workpiece 4, thereby reducing the load of the blades 703, and the workpiece 4 is cut multiple times at different depths, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the workpiece 4. During the cutting process, a large amount of waste chips will be generated, and the waste chips will enter the slide plate 503 through the slots on the support table 504 The waste chips slide downward along the slide plate 503 until they are discharged into the collecting trough 101, thereby reducing the accumulation of waste chips between the support platform 504 or the slide rail 104, facilitating the recovery of waste chips, and reducing the interference of waste chips on processing. In the cutting process, the movable seat 5 gradually moves away from the bracket 604, and the bracket 604 is pushed by the elastic telescopic rod 603 to move closely to the outside of the movable seat 5 until the bracket 604 is sleeved on the outside of the workpiece 4, radially supporting the workpiece 4, thereby avoiding the end of the workpiece 4 from being separated from the top column 802, and improving the installation effect of the workpiece 4.

[0040] Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, this specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the invention. The specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions and variations to the embodiments without creative contributions as needed without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A lathe for machining the outer cylindrical surface of a long shaft part, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with collecting troughs (101) on both sides, the base (1) is provided with a first baffle (102) and a second baffle (103) on both ends, respectively, a rotating motor (2) and a driving motor (3) are provided on the inner wall of the first baffle (102), the output end of the rotating motor (2) clamps a workpiece (4), the output end of the driving motor (3) is connected with a screw (301), the outer side of the screw (301) is sleeved with a moving seat (5), the top end of the moving seat (5) is provided with a plurality of groups of adjusting cylinders (502), the top ends of the output ends of all the adjusting cylinders (502) are provided with a supporting platform (504), the middle of the supporting platform (504) is recessed, and a rotating roller is provided at the recessed position (505), the workpiece (4) is located on the rotating roller (505), a cutting knife (7) is installed above the support platform (504), multiple groups of cutting cylinders (701) are installed inside the cutting knife (7), a knife holder (702) is installed at the output end of the cutting cylinder (701), and a blade (703) is installed at the bottom end of the knife holder (702), the cutting cylinder (701) adjusts the blade (703) at different positions, and different blades (703) cut the workpiece (4) to different degrees, and a positioning cylinder (6) is installed on the side of the second baffle (103), and a limiting mechanism is installed at the output end of the positioning cylinder (6), and the diameter of the limiting mechanism is smaller than the diameter of the workpiece (4).

2. The lathe for machining the outer cylindrical surface of long shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide rail (104) is installed at the top of the base (1), the slide rail (104) is located on both sides of the screw rod (301), and the slide rail (104) is fixed to the top of the base (1) by bolts.

3. The lathe for machining the outer cylindrical surface of a long shaft part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the movable seat (5) is connected to a base (501), and a roller is installed inside the base (501), and the base (501) is in contact with the top end of the slide rail (104).

4. The lathe for machining the outer cylindrical surface of long shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the support platform (504) is connected to a slide plate (503), a groove is provided on the inner side of the support platform (504), and the groove is aligned with the slide plate (503), and the bottom end of the slide plate (503) extends to both sides of the base (1) and is aligned with the collection tank (101).

5. The lathe for machining the outer cylindrical surface of long shaft parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the slide plate (503) is provided with a plurality of through holes, the base (501) is located inside the through holes, and the bottom end of the support platform (504) is connected to a plurality of reinforcing edges.

6. The lathe for machining the outer cylindrical surface of long shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism comprises a rotating disk (601) and a fixed structure (8), wherein a plurality of groups of slide grooves are provided on the inner side of the rotating disk (601), and the fixed structure (8) is located in the slide grooves in the rotating disk (601). The outer side of the fixed structure (8) is connected with a push rod (801), one end of the push rod (801) is connected with a push column (802), and the push column (802) is in contact with the outer side of the workpiece (4), and the other end of the push rod (801) is connected with a locking block (803). The outer wall of the fixed structure (8) is provided with a locking groove (804), and the push rod (801) is locked with the locking groove (804) through the locking block (803). The top end of the fixed structure (8) is connected with an adjusting bolt (805), and the adjusting bolt (805) is used to adjust the position of the fixed structure (8).

7. The lathe for machining the outer cylindrical surface of long shaft parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: A support frame (602) is also installed on the outer side of the output end of the positioning cylinder (6), and elastic telescopic rods (603) are installed on both sides of the support frame (602). The output end of the elastic telescopic rod (603) is connected to a bracket (604), and the bracket (604) is sleeved on the outer side of the processing part (4). When the movable seat (5) moves, it pushes the bracket (604) to squeeze the elastic telescopic rod (603).

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