Method for preventing welding deformation of high-precision base

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base, which comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a device for preventing welding deformation of the high-precision the device comprises a body and a fixing assembly, the body is provided with an upper circular plate and a lower circular plate which are concentric in an inverted trapezoidal manner, and the diameter of the lower circular plate is greater than that of a base flange; the fixing assembly comprises a C-shaped fixing clamp and a horizontal adjusting fixing clamp used for positioning the installation device on the base flange. S2, the device is hoisted, positioned and placed on a base flange, and the device is adjusted until a lower circular plate of the device is concentric with the base flange; s3, a C-shaped fixing clamp is arranged along the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate, and the device and the base flange are vertically locked and fixed through the C-shaped fixing clamp; s4, welding deformation of the base is prevented through the device, and construction work of the base is completed; and S5, after work is completed, the installation state of the device and the base is kept till cooling, and then the device and the base are dismantled and hoisted away. By means of the method, the deformation control problem of the important equipment base on board in the manufacturing process and the welding installation process is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shipbuilding, and in particular relates to a method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base. Background Art

[0002] During the shipbuilding process, welding is a very common job, and welders are also the most common type of workers in shipyards. Welding, also known as fusion welding, is a manufacturing process and technology that combines metals or other thermoplastic materials such as plastics by heating, high temperature or high pressure. Fusion welding is a very commonly used welding method. It refers to heating the workpieces to be joined to partially melt them to form a molten pool. After the molten pool cools and solidifies, it is joined. If necessary, molten fillers can be added to assist. Fusion welding is suitable for welding of various metals and alloys. It does not require pressure, but it will generate high temperature and heat. At present, most of the hull bases on ships are made of steel plates, and the welding method is fusion welding. A large amount of local heat will be generated during the welding process, causing the base to deform. There are mainly welding deformations in the following two processes.

[0003] First, welding deformation of high-precision base during manufacturing process: When the base is manufactured, since the base includes a cylinder, a base flange and a reinforcement plate, the upper end of the cylinder needs to be welded to fix the base flange. The reinforcement plate generally includes a base rib plate and a base web plate. The base rib plate and the base web plate are fixed by welding on the outer wall of the cylinder to increase the strength of the base. The upper ends of the base rib plate and the base web plate need to be fitted and fixed with the base flange; therefore, when welding between the base flange and the cylinder, and when the web plate and the rib plate are welded to the cylinder and the base flange respectively, local high temperature and high heat will be generated, resulting in deformation of the cylinder and the base flange, which is mainly reflected in the change of the shape of the cylinder and the change of the height and unevenness of the base flange panel, thereby affecting the fitting assembly accuracy and installation angle accuracy during the subsequent equipment installation; in addition, with the increase in the number of base reinforcement rib plates and base reinforcement web plates, although the strength of the base can be enhanced, it is also accompanied by an increase in welding deformation heat and deformation risk.

[0004] Second, welding deformation of the high-precision base during installation: When the outer wall of the base cylinder is welded to the edge of the opening on the hull deck, and when the lower end face of the base web is welded to the deck plate, a large amount of high temperature and heat will be generated, causing deformation of the cylinder and the base flange panel. This is mainly reflected in the change of the shape of the cylinder and the expansion and / or contraction of the bolt holes opened on the flange panel, which will cause the equipment installation holes to be unable to align with the base flange bolt holes when the equipment is subsequently installed and positioned through the bolt holes on the base flange.

[0005] Since some important equipment on board has very high installation precision requirements, many high-precision bases will cause a lot of deformation during welding due to the complexity of the base structure itself, the large amount of welding heat, and the unskilled operation of the construction workers leading to irregular welding. Therefore, before welding, the welding process and operation instructions must be prepared for the important high-precision bases to control the deformation, and even the construction experience can be used to add welding anti-deformation to control the deformation deviation value. If the control of some high-precision bases is not ideal after the implementation of the welding process, traditional pyrotechnics must be used to correct the welding deformation after welding. However, due to the lack of effective welding deformation control methods, the implementation effect of the welding process is often not ideal, which makes it difficult to control the deformation during welding and ensure the accuracy of the base. The method of adding welding anti-deformation to control the deformation deviation value often relies on the personal experience and intuition of the construction personnel. This dependence is high and lacks scientificity and systematicity. The uncertainty of construction experience increases the risk of welding deformation control and limits the stability and reliability of welding quality. At the same time, the cost of training construction personnel is increased. As for methods such as pyrotechnic correction after control failure, not only are the operations complicated and costly, but they may also cause secondary damage to the base material, affecting its service life and performance. In summary, there is a lack of a systematic and scientific method to prevent welding deformation in the prior art, and it is impossible to prevent and control welding deformation from the source, resulting in the base accuracy being difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision equipment. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art mentioned above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base, which is used to solve the problem of deformation control during the entire process of the base of important equipment on board during the infield manufacturing process and the welding and installation process on board.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base, wherein the base comprises a cylindrical body, a base flange and a reinforcing plate, and is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Prepare a high-precision base device to prevent welding deformation:

[0010] The device comprises a body and a fixing assembly; the body is a hollow cylindrical structure, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the body are respectively concentrically provided with an upper circular plate and a lower circular plate, the diameter of the lower circular plate is larger than the diameter of the base flange, a plurality of lifting rings are fixed on the upper circular plate, and a plurality of external reinforcing rib plates are provided on the outer side wall of the body;

[0011] The fixing assembly includes a horizontal adjustment fixing clamp and a C-shaped fixing clamp, the number of the horizontal adjustment fixing clamps is not less than 3 and they are evenly distributed on the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate, the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp includes a positioning mechanism and a clamping mechanism, the horizontal inner end face of the positioning mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate, the vertical outer end face of the positioning mechanism is provided with a clamping mechanism, and the vertical outer end face of the positioning mechanism is lower than the lower end face of the lower circular plate, the clamping mechanism moves in the horizontal direction to adjust the length of the clamping mechanism, the C-shaped fixing clamp includes two side arms, and a fastener is vertically passed through one side arm, and the fastener moves up and down in a direction perpendicular to the arm to adjust the clamping degree of the C-shaped fixing clamp.

[0012] S2. Hoist and position the device on the base flange, and adjust the device until the lower circular plate of the device is concentric with the base flange;

[0013] S3, a C-shaped fixing clamp is arranged along the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate, and the device is locked and fixed to the base flange in the vertical direction by the C-shaped fixing clamp;

[0014] S4. Use the device to prevent the base from welding deformation and complete the construction work of the base;

[0015] S5. After the work is completed, keep the device and the base installed until they are cooled and then removed and lifted away.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the specific steps of step S2 include:

[0017] S2-1, loosen the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp on the device outward until the center of the horizontal inner end surface of the clamping mechanism does not exceed the outer edge of the lower circular plate of the device, and hoist the device through the lifting ring and place it on the base flange;

[0018] S2-2. Adjust the horizontal position of the device by means of a horizontal adjustment fixing clamp until the lower circular plate is concentric with the base flange.

[0019] Furthermore, the specific steps of step S2-2 include:

[0020] Start adjusting from the side with the smaller gap by horizontally adjusting the fixing clamp. First, adjust the length of the clamping mechanism inward until the horizontal inner end face of the clamping mechanism abuts against the outer side face of the base flange. According to the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate and the radius of the base flange, continue to adjust the length of the clamping mechanism inward until the distance from the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate to the outer side face of the base flange meets the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate and the radius of the base flange. Adjust the length of the remaining clamping mechanisms in turn until the clamping mechanisms of each horizontal adjustment fixing clamp are tightly against the outer side face of the base flange. At this time, the lower circular plate is concentric with the base flange.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the clamping mechanism of the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp in step S1 is also provided with scale lines and scale marks, and the scale marks show the length of the center of the horizontal inner end surface of the clamping mechanism extending into the outer edge of the lower circular plate. At this time, the specific steps of step S2 include:

[0022] S2-1. According to the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate and the radius of the base flange, adjust the horizontal adjustment clamps in each direction until the length of the scale mark is slightly smaller than the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate and the radius of the base flange;

[0023] S2-2. Place the loop formed by the horizontal adjustment fixing clamps in all directions on the base flange, preliminarily determine the installation position of the device, and adjust the length of the clamping mechanism inward in sequence to match the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate and the radius of the base flange, so that the lower circular plate is concentric with the base flange.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution, the number of the horizontal adjustment fixing clamps in step S1 is four, and the four horizontal adjustment fixing clamps are evenly distributed on the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate at an angle of 90°. At this time, the specific steps of step S3 include: loosening the C-type fixing clamp and clamping the lower circular plate and the base flange in the opening of the C-type fixing clamp; then, the two pairs of C-type fixing clamps that are vertically crossed in a cross are first staggered according to the position of the horizontal adjustment fixing clamps, so that the C-type fixing clamps are evenly distributed at 90° at the connection between the device and the base flange; finally, according to the outer circumference length of the base flange, the remaining C-type fixing clamps are evenly arranged between adjacent C-type fixing clamps.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution, in step S4, the construction work includes manufacturing a base and / or installing a base.

[0026] As a further preferred technical solution, in step S3, when a C-shaped fixing clamp is set along the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate, the installation and clamping position of the C-shaped fixing clamp is determined according to the prepared placement position of the reinforcing plate, so that a C-shaped fixing clamp is correspondingly provided on the vertical plane where the prepared placement position of the reinforcing plate is located; thus, in step S4, when the base is manufactured, the reinforcing plate is positioned according to the installation and clamping position of the C-shaped fixing clamp, and the installation of each reinforcing plate is completed in sequence in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

[0027] As a further preferred technical solution, in step S4, after each stage of welding is completed, confirm that the C-type fixing clamp remains in a clamped state to ensure that the lower circular plate and the base flange are tightly locked by the C-type fixing clamp. If it is found that there is looseness due to temperature rise, immediately tighten the C-type fixing clamp for reinforcement adjustment.

[0028] As a further preferred technical solution, the inner side wall of the main body of the device for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base in step S1 is also provided with internal reinforcing ribs, which are radially evenly distributed and intersect at the central axis of the main body.

[0029] As described above, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The present invention provides a method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base. The device used adopts an upper and lower concentric circular plates arranged in an inverted trapezoidal shape, and the upper and lower circular plates are connected by a cylindrical body rolled up with a thick-walled tube in the middle, and inner and outer reinforcing ribs are added to ensure the strength of the device and improve the ability of strengthening the high-precision base to prevent welding deformation.

[0031] (2) The present invention provides a method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base. The upper circular plate of the device used is provided with a lifting ring for lifting. While providing convenience for the installation of the device and the base, it can also directly serve as an auxiliary when installing the base and the deck, without the need for multiple disassembly and assembly, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0032] (3) A method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base of the present invention can control the welding deformation of the high-precision base during both the manufacturing process and the installation process, thereby achieving all-round welding deformation control in the entire process before, during and after welding, during the manufacturing period and during the installation period, thereby ensuring the high-precision requirements for the installation of important equipment. Specifically, when manufacturing the base in the inner field, the deformation of the high-precision base cylinder and the base flange caused by the local high temperature and high heat generated during the welding work of the high-precision base flange and the cylinder, the base reinforcement web and the base cylinder can be avoided; when installing the high-precision base on the outer field ship, the deformation of the high-precision base cylinder and the base flange caused by the local high temperature and high heat generated during the welding of the high-precision base cylinder and the deck opening, the base reinforcement web and the hull deck can be avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a top view of the device of the present invention when in use, with the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp and the outer reinforcing rib plate hidden.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a side view at AA when the device of the present invention is in use, with the horizontal adjustment fixing clip hidden.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a side view at BB when the device of the present invention is in use without the outer reinforcing rib plate.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a top view of the device structure in which the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp and the outer reinforcing rib plate are hidden in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5It is a structural schematic diagram of the device body without the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the high-precision welding base in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the C-shaped fixing clip in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp in the present invention.

[0041] Among them, the specific descriptions of the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1. Main body; 11. External reinforcing rib plate; 12. Internal reinforcing rib plate; 2. Upper circular plate; 21. Lifting ring; 3. Lower circular plate; 4. Fixing assembly; 41. C-type fixing clamp; 42. Horizontal adjustment fixing clamp; 421. Positioning mechanism; 422. Clamping mechanism; 4221. Adjusting bolt; 5. Base; 51. Base flange; 52. Cylinder; 53. Reinforcement plate; 531. Base rib plate; 532. Base belly plate; 6. Hull deck; 61. Deck opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the positional relationships indicated by terms such as “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” etc. cited in this specification are based on the positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] This embodiment provides a high-precision base to prevent welding deformation device, used to prevent the base 5 from deforming during the manufacturing process and the welding process with the hull deck 6, such as Figure 6 As shown, the base 5 includes a cylindrical body 52, a base flange 51 and a reinforcing plate 53, the reinforcing plate 53 includes a base 5 rib plate 531 and a base 5 web plate 532, the device includes a main body 1 and a fixing assembly 4, and the material of the device in this embodiment is all steel.

[0046] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the body 1 is rolled from thick-walled pipes and presents a hollow cylindrical structure. The upper end face and the lower end face of the body 1 are respectively concentrically provided with an upper circular plate 2 and a lower circular plate 3. The diameter of the upper circular plate 2 is smaller than the diameter of the lower circular plate 3, so that the cross section of the body 1 is an inverted trapezoid. The diameter of the lower circular plate 3 is larger than the diameter of the base flange 51. In actual work, the size of the lower circular plate 3 is determined according to the size of the high-precision base 5 panel to be welded; a number of lifting rings 21 for hoisting are fixed on the upper circular plate 2. A number of external reinforcing ribs 11 are provided on the outer side wall of the body 1. The external reinforcing ribs 11 are evenly spaced to ensure the strength of the device to strengthen the anti-deformation ability of the high-precision base 5 welding. In addition, an internal reinforcing rib 12 is also provided on the inner side wall of the body 1. The internal reinforcing ribs 12 are evenly distributed radially and intersect at the central axis of the body 1, which are also used to strengthen the strength of the body 1 of the device.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the fixing assembly 4 includes a horizontal adjustment fixing clamp 42 and a C-shaped fixing clamp 41. The number of the horizontal adjustment fixing clamps 42 is not less than 3 and is evenly distributed on the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate 3. Figure 8 As shown, the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp 42 includes a positioning mechanism 421 and a clamping mechanism 422. The horizontal inner end surface of the positioning mechanism 421 is fixed to the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate 3. The vertical outer end surface of the positioning mechanism 421 is provided with a clamping mechanism 422, and the vertical outer end surface of the positioning mechanism 421 is lower than the lower end surface of the lower circular plate 3. In this embodiment, the number of the horizontal adjustment fixing clamps 42 is four, and the four horizontal adjustment fixing clamps 42 are evenly distributed on the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate 3 at an angle of 90°. The positioning mechanism 421 includes an L-shaped member, and the clamping mechanism 422 includes a threaded sleeve and an adjusting bolt 4221. The adjusting bolt 4221 is sleeved in the threaded sleeve and can be horizontally moved along the central axis of the threaded sleeve to adjust the length of the clamping mechanism 422. The horizontal section of the L-shaped member is vertically fixed to the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate 3, and the vertical section of the L-shaped member is vertically fixed to the side wall of the threaded sleeve so that the central axis of the threaded sleeve faces the central axis of the device. The lower end surface of the vertical section of the L-shaped member is lower than the lower end surface of the lower circular plate 3. Figure 7 As shown, the C-shaped fixing clamp 41 includes two side arms, and one side arm is provided with a fastener that can move in a direction perpendicular to the arm. This is a common structure and will not be described in detail here. In this embodiment, the fastener is a stud, and the stud is vertically penetrated and arranged on one side arm of the C-shaped fixing clamp 41. The stud can move up and down along the central axis of the stud relative to the side arm of the C-shaped fixing clamp 41 to adjust the gap between the side arm and the other side arm, thereby adjusting the clamping degree of the C-shaped fixing clamp 41.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1. Prepare a high-precision base device for preventing welding deformation as described in Example 1.

[0051] S2. The device is hoisted and positioned on the base flange 51 , and the device is adjusted by horizontally adjusting the fixing clamp until the lower circular plate 3 of the device is concentric with the base flange 51 .

[0052] S2-1. Loosen the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp on the device outward until the center of the horizontal inner end surface of the adjusting bolt 4221 does not exceed the outer edge of the lower circular plate 3 of the device, and hoist the device through the lifting ring 21 and place it on the base flange 51.

[0053] S2-2. Adjust the horizontal position of the device by horizontally adjusting the fixing clamp 42 until the lower circular plate 3 is concentric with the base flange 51: According to visual inspection, the side with the smaller gap is adjusted horizontally and the fixing clamp 42 is adjusted from the side with the smaller gap. First, adjust the length of the clamping mechanism 422 inward until the horizontal inner end face of the clamping mechanism 422 abuts against the outer side of the base flange 51. According to the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate 3 and the radius of the base flange 51, continue to adjust the length of the clamping mechanism 422 inward until the distance from the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate 3 to the outer side surface of the base flange 51 meets the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate 3 and the radius of the base flange 51. Adjust the length of the remaining clamping mechanisms 422 in turn until the clamping mechanisms 422 of each horizontal adjustment fixing clamp 42 are tightly attached to the outer side of the base flange 51. At this time, the lower circular plate 3 is concentric with the base flange 51.

[0054] In other embodiments, the clamping mechanism 422 of the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp 42 is further provided with scale lines and scale marks, and the scale marks show the length of the center of the horizontal inner end surface of the clamping mechanism 422 extending into the outer edge of the lower circular plate 3. At this time, the specific steps of step S2 include: S2-1, according to the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate 3 and the radius of the base flange 51, adjust the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp in four directions to the length of the scale mark that is slightly smaller than the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate 3 and the radius of the base flange 51; S2-2, adjust the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp in four directions to the length of the scale mark that is slightly smaller than the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate 3 and the radius of the base flange 51; The loop formed by the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp on the base flange 51 can be used to preliminarily determine the installation position of the device, and the length of the clamping mechanism 422 is adjusted inward in sequence to be consistent with the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate 3 and the radius of the base flange 51, so that the lower circular plate 3 is concentric with the base flange 51, and each clamping mechanism 422 is further adjusted inward so that the clamping mechanism 422 of each horizontal adjustment fixing clamp 42 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the base flange 51, thereby avoiding the possibility of displacement during the subsequent installation of the C-type fixing clamp 41.

[0055] In order to effectively avoid deformation of the ship base 5 during welding, the device is heavy, which makes it impossible to move it simply by manpower or it cannot be moved into place by manpower. The horizontal adjustment clamp 42 can effectively save the adjustment time in the horizontal direction and improve the construction efficiency.

[0056] S3. A C-shaped fixing clamp 41 is arranged along the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate 3. The device and the base flange 51 are locked and fixed in the vertical direction by the C-shaped fixing clamp 41, so that the base flange 51 and the device are tightly connected as a whole.

[0057] In this embodiment, the number of the C-shaped fixing clips 41 is 12. First, loosen the C-shaped fixing clips 41 and clamp the lower circular plate 3 and the base flange 51 in the opening of the C-shaped fixing clips 41; then, the two pairs of C-shaped fixing clips 41 that are vertically crossed in a cross are first staggered according to the position of the horizontal adjustment fixing clips 42, and the C-shaped fixing clips 41 can be quickly positioned so that they are evenly distributed at 90° at the connection between the device and the base flange 51, and under the action of the lateral supporting force of the horizontal adjustment fixing clips 42 and the longitudinal clamping force of the C-shaped fixing clips 41, the stable connection between the upper and lower circular plates 3 of the device and the base flange 51 can be ensured; finally, according to the outer circumferential length of the base flange 51, the remaining C-shaped fixing clips 41 are evenly arranged between adjacent C-shaped fixing clips 41.

[0058] S4. Using a device to prevent deformation of the base 5 during welding: The construction work includes manufacturing the base 5 and / or installing the base 5.

[0059] When the base 5 is manufactured, a device is used to prevent deformation of the base 5 during welding: first, the base 5 cylinder 52 and the panel of the base flange 51 are welded and installed, and then the reinforcement plate 53 of the base 5 is placed and welded on the base flange 51 and the base 5 cylinder 52, and the reinforcement plate 53 includes the base 5 web 532 and the base 5 rib plate 531, to complete the manufacturing of the base 5. In the two welding processes, after each stage of welding is completed, it is confirmed that the C-type fixing clamp 41 remains clamped, and it is ensured that the lower circular plate 3 and the base flange 51 are tightly locked by the C-type fixing clamp 41 to prevent the deformation of the cylinder 52 and the base flange 51 caused by the high temperature and heat of welding. If it is found that it is loose due to temperature rise, the studs on the C-type fixing clamp 41 are immediately tightened for reinforcement and adjustment.

[0060] In another embodiment, in step S3, when the C-shaped fixing clip 41 is arranged along the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate 3, the installation clamping position of the C-shaped fixing clip 41 is determined according to the prepared placement position of the reinforcing plate 53, so that a C-shaped fixing clip 41 is correspondingly arranged on the vertical plane where the prepared placement position of the web 532 of the base 5 and the prepared placement position of the rib 531 of the base 5 are located. Therefore, when the base 5 is manufactured in step S4, the web 532 of the base 5 and the rib 531 of the base 5 can be directly positioned according to the installation clamping position of the C-shaped fixing clip 41, without the need for additional measurement steps, thus saving construction time; and, in this embodiment, by The installation clamping position of the C-type fixing clamp 41 is on the same vertical plane as the pre-placement position of the reinforcing plate 53, and the installation of each reinforcing plate 53 can be completed in sequence in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, avoiding the obstruction of each other's construction operations when the base 5 web 532 and the base 5 rib plate 531 are installed separately in order of type in traditional construction; in addition, since the C-type fixing clamp 41 can be detachably clamped on the lower circular plate 3 and the base flange 51, after the pre-installation position of the base 5 web 532 and the base 5 rib plate 531 is initially positioned according to the drawings, the clamping position of the C-type fixing clamp 41 can still be adjusted according to the actual construction situation before the base 5 is manufactured.

[0061] When installing the base 5, a device is used to prevent deformation of the base 5 during welding and installation: the base 5 is hoisted to the opening of the hull deck 6 through the lifting ring 21 on the device for installation. The base 5 can be quickly moved to the preparatory installation position through the limit of the opening on the deck and the lower end surface of the base 5 web 532. Before the base 5 is welded and installed on the hull deck 6, it is confirmed again that the C-type fixing clamp 41 is always clamped to ensure that the C-type fixing clamp 41 is tightly locked to prevent the high temperature and heat generated during the entire installation process from causing deformation of the base 5 cylinder 52 and the base flange 51. If looseness is found due to temperature rise, the studs on the C-type fixing clamp 41 are immediately tightened for reinforcement and adjustment. Then, the welding work of the base 5 cylinder 52 and the deck opening 61 and the welding work of the base 5 web 532 and the deck plate surface are carried out in sequence to complete the installation of the base 5.

[0062] S5. After the construction work in step S4 is completed, the installation state of the device and the base 5 is maintained until the base 5 cools down, the C-shaped fixing clamp 41 is removed and the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp 42 is loosened, the device is separated from the base flange 51 and then lifted away through the lifting ring 21.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application belong to the scope protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base, wherein the base (5) comprises a cylindrical body (52), a base flange (51) and a reinforcing plate (53), characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Prepare a high-precision base device to prevent welding deformation: The device comprises a body (1) and a fixing assembly (4); the body (1) is a hollow cylindrical structure, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the body (1) are respectively concentrically provided with an upper circular plate (2) and a lower circular plate (3), the diameter of the lower circular plate (3) is larger than the diameter of the base flange (51), a plurality of lifting rings (21) are fixed on the upper circular plate (2), and a plurality of external reinforcing ribs (11) are provided on the outer side wall of the body (1); The fixing assembly (4) comprises a horizontal adjustment fixing clamp (42) and a C-shaped fixing clamp (41). The number of the horizontal adjustment fixing clamps (42) is not less than 3 and they are evenly distributed on the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate (3). The horizontal adjustment fixing clamp (42) comprises a positioning mechanism (421) and a clamping mechanism (422). The horizontal inner end surface of the positioning mechanism (421) is fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate (3). The vertical outer end surface of the positioning mechanism (421) is provided with a clamping mechanism (422), and the vertical outer end surface of the positioning mechanism (421) is lower than the lower end surface of the lower circular plate (3). The clamping mechanism (422) moves in a horizontal direction to adjust the length of the clamping mechanism (422). The C-shaped fixing clamp (41) comprises two side arms, and a fastener is vertically passed through one side arm. The fastener moves up and down in a direction perpendicular to the arm to adjust the clamping degree of the C-shaped fixing clamp (41). S2, hoisting and positioning the device on the base flange (51), and adjusting the device until the lower circular plate (3) of the device is concentric with the base flange (51); S3, a C-shaped fixing clamp (41) is arranged along the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate (3), and the device is locked and fixed to the base flange (51) in the vertical direction by the C-shaped fixing clamp (41); S4, using a device to prevent welding deformation of the base (5), and completing the construction work of the base (5); S5. After the work is completed, the device and the base (5) are kept installed until they are removed and lifted away after cooling.

2. A method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S2 include: S2-1, loosen the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp on the device outward until the center of the horizontal inner end surface of the clamping mechanism (422) does not exceed the outer edge of the lower circular plate (3) of the device, and hoist the device through the lifting ring (21) and place it on the base flange (51); S2-2. Adjust the horizontal position of the device by means of a horizontal adjustment fixing clamp (42) until the lower circular plate (3) is concentric with the base flange (51).

3. A method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S2-2 include: Start adjusting the horizontal adjustment clamp (42) from the side with the smaller gap, first adjust the length of the clamping mechanism (422) inward until the horizontal inner end face of the clamping mechanism (422) abuts against the outer side face of the base flange (51), and continue to adjust the length of the clamping mechanism (422) inward according to the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate (3) and the radius of the base flange (51) until the distance from the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate (3) to the outer side face of the base flange (51) matches the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate (3) and the radius of the base flange (51), and adjust the length of the remaining clamping mechanisms (422) in turn until the clamping mechanisms (422) of each horizontal adjustment clamp (42) are tightly attached to the outer side face of the base flange (51), at which point the lower circular plate (3) is concentric with the base flange (51).

4. A method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (422) of the horizontal adjustment fixing clamp (42) in step S1 is also provided with scale lines and scale marks, and the scale marks indicate the length of the center of the horizontal inner end surface of the clamping mechanism (422) extending into the outer edge of the lower circular plate (3). At this time, the specific steps of step S2 include: S2-1, according to the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate (3) and the radius of the base flange (51), adjust the horizontal adjustment clamps in each direction until the length of the scale mark is slightly smaller than the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate (3) and the radius of the base flange (51); S2-2. Place the loop formed by the horizontal adjustment fixing clamps in each direction on the base flange (51), preliminarily determine the installation position of the device, and adjust the length of the clamping mechanism (422) inward in sequence to match the difference between the radius of the lower circular plate (3) and the radius of the base flange (51), so that the lower circular plate (3) and the base flange (51) are concentric.

5. The method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the horizontal adjustment fixing clamps (42) in step S1 is four, and the four horizontal adjustment fixing clamps (42) are evenly distributed on the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate (3) at an angle of 90°. At this time, the specific steps of step S3 include: loosening the C-type fixing clamp (41) and clamping the lower circular plate (3) and the base flange (51) in the opening of the C-type fixing clamp (41); then, firstly staggering the two pairs of C-type fixing clamps (41) that are vertically crossed in a cross according to the position of the horizontal adjustment fixing clamps (42), so that the C-type fixing clamps (41) are evenly distributed at 90° at the connection between the device and the base flange (51); finally, according to the outer circumference length of the base flange (51), evenly arranging the remaining C-type fixing clamps (41) between adjacent C-type fixing clamps (41).

6. A method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the construction work includes manufacturing the base (5) and / or installing the base (5).

7. A method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, when the C-shaped fixing clamp (41) is arranged along the outer arc surface of the lower circular plate (3), the installation clamping position of the C-shaped fixing clamp (41) is determined according to the prepared placement position of the reinforcing plate (53), so that a C-shaped fixing clamp (41) is correspondingly arranged on the vertical plane where the prepared placement position of the reinforcing plate (53) is located; thus, in step S4, when the base (5) is manufactured, the reinforcing plate (53) is positioned according to the installation clamping position of the C-shaped fixing clamp (41), and the installation of each reinforcing plate (53) is completed in sequence in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction.

8. A method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, after each stage of welding is completed, it is confirmed that the C-type fixing clamp (41) remains in a clamped state to ensure that the lower circular plate (3) and the base flange (51) are tightly locked by the C-type fixing clamp (41). If looseness is found due to temperature rise, the C-type fixing clamp (41) is immediately tightened for reinforcement adjustment.

9. A method for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The inner side wall of the main body (1) of the device for preventing welding deformation of a high-precision base in step S1 is also provided with an inner reinforcing rib plate (12), and the inner reinforcing rib plates (12) are evenly distributed radially and intersect at the central axis of the main body (1).

Images