Double-head movable column gantry machine tool based on offset ram seat

Abstract

The invention provides a double-head movable column gantry machine tool based on an offset ram base, relates to the field of manufacturing of numerical control equipment, and mainly solves the problems that the distance between two main shafts in an existing double-head gantry machine tool is large, small parts cannot be machined, and rigidity and stability are insufficient due to the fact that a sliding base is simply shrunk. The device specifically comprises a workbench, a lathe bed, a sliding rail, a slide carriage, gantry stand columns and a cross beam. Two processing units are mounted on the cross beam; each machining unit comprises an offset sliding seat, a matched ram and a main shaft in the ram, and the width of the outer side of the sliding seat is larger than that of the inner side of the sliding seat; the offset ram structure is adopted, the width of the contact sides of the two sliding seats is reduced, the mutual interference area of the two rams is reduced, the distance between the two spindles of the machine tool is reduced, the combined sliding rails are adopted between the sliding seats and the cross beam or between the rams and the sliding seats, and the piston rods in the vertical direction are arranged on the two sides of the tops of the left ram and the right ram. And the matching rigidity and strength of the ram and the sliding seat are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of manufacturing numerical control equipment, and in particular to a double-head moving column gantry machine tool based on an offset ram seat. Background Art

[0002] The double-head moving column gantry machine tool is a relatively advanced machine tool equipment with the following characteristics: First, the double processing head design: it has two independent processing heads, which can process two different workpieces or different parts of the same workpiece at the same time, greatly improving the processing efficiency. For example, when processing large long shaft parts, both ends can perform milling, drilling and other operations at the same time, saving processing time; second, the column is movable: the column of the machine tool can move along the guide rail. This structure enables the machine tool to flexibly adjust the processing position according to the size and shape of the workpiece during the processing process, expand the processing range, and be better adapted to different types of processing tasks.

[0003] However, the structure of the double-head moving column gantry machine tool also has some shortcomings.

[0004] First, the column needs to withstand large cutting forces and gravity when working, which requires high rigidity and stability of the moving column. If the rigidity of the moving column is insufficient, it may deform during processing, thus affecting the processing accuracy. In order to improve the rigidity of the moving column, large castings or steel structures are usually required, but this will increase the weight and cost of the machine tool.

[0005] Secondly, the movement of the moving column on the guide rail needs to ensure high-precision straightness and verticality, otherwise it will cause processing errors. Factors such as guide rail wear, poor lubrication, temperature changes, etc. may affect the movement accuracy of the moving column.

[0006] In addition, the two machining heads of the double-head moving column gantry machine tool are independent motion units, and it is very difficult to achieve complete synchronization; and the synchronization problem is mainly manifested in the position, speed and acceleration of the machining head. It is difficult to completely eliminate the synchronization error. The synchronization error will also accumulate with the extension of processing time, especially in long-term continuous processing or high-speed processing, the synchronization error may become larger and larger, which will have a serious impact on the processing accuracy.

[0007] In addition, the existing double-headed moving column gantry machine tools all connect the slide for mounting the main shaft to the gantry through a slide with a three-sided surrounding structure. In order to maintain the rigidity and stability of the slide and the main shaft, the slide adopts a completely symmetrical structure, that is, the left and right sides of the slide are completely symmetrical, and the installation position of the slide is in the middle of the slide. This causes the two slides to interfere with each other when the two processing units move inward in the Z direction, that is, the opposite sides will press against each other, resulting in excessive spacing between the main shaft axes in the two processing units, making it impossible to complete some small-pitch processing work or smaller parts, resulting in a small scope of application and low production efficiency of the double-headed moving column gantry machine tool. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a double-headed moving column gantry machine tool based on an offset slide seat, which improves its own rigidity and operation stability by optimizing the support and motion mechanism between the slide and the gantry beam, and between the slide and the slide; and sets the slide as an offset structure to reduce the mutual interference area of ​​the two slides, thereby reducing the distance between the two main shafts of the machine tool, so that the two main shafts of the machine tool can work simultaneously on narrower parts.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a double-headed moving column gantry machine tool based on an offset ram seat, comprising a workbench arranged along the X direction, and a bed arranged on both sides of the workbench, characterized in that a sliding track is arranged on the upper surface of the bed, a slide plate is arranged on the sliding track, and a matching groove is arranged on the contact surface between the slide plate and the sliding track, so that the slide plate can move along the bed in the X direction; a gantry column is fixed above the slide plate, and a crossbeam arranged in the Y direction is installed on the top of the two gantry columns; Two independent processing units are installed on the crossbeam and move in the Y direction on the crossbeam; each processing unit includes a non-uniform structure, an offset slide, a matching ram and a spindle inside the ram. According to the installation position, the processing unit on the left includes a left slide, and the processing unit on the right includes a right slide; The space for installing the ram on the slide is biased toward the inner side of the ram, and the width of the outer side of the slide is greater than the width of the inner side on the side where the two processing units contact each other, that is, the left side width of the left slide is greater than the right side width, and the right side width of the right slide is greater than the left side width; In any processing unit, the corresponding slide and beam, or the ram and slide are connected by a combined slide rail; In addition, a Y-direction transmission motor and a matching motor seat, a Y-direction lead screw, and a bearing seat and a Y-direction lead screw nut fixed on the back of the slide are installed at the left and right horizontal ends of the beam respectively to drive the left slide and the right slide to move along the Y direction on the beam.

[0010] Preferably, the slide seats all adopt a structure surrounded by three sides, left and right sides and a back side; a removable cover plate is provided on the front side of any slide seat, an opening is provided under the cover plate, and a slide is installed in a semi-enclosed space inside the opening surrounded by the other three sides.

[0011] Preferably, on the left slide, the width of the opening is 1 / 2 of the entire width of the left slide, the depth of the opening is 1 / 4 of the thickness of the left slide, the opening is close to the right side of the front side of the left slide, and the distance between the right edge of the opening and the right side of the left slide is 1 / 6 of the entire width of the left slide; on the right slide, the width and depth of the opening are consistent with those of the left slide, accounting for 1 / 2 of the width and 1 / 4 of the thickness of the right slide, the opening is set on the left side of the right slide, and the distance between the left edge of the opening and the left side of the right slide is 1 / 6 of the entire width of the right slide.

[0012] Preferably, in the two processing units, the left slide and the right slide both adopt a hollow lightweight structure.

[0013] Preferably, the combined slide rail structure between the slide and the crossbeam in any one of the processing units is as follows: a convex guide rail portion of the Y-direction combined slide rail is arranged on the top and the lower part of the front side of the crossbeam, that is, a horizontal linear guide rail arranged on the horizontal top of the crossbeam, and a vertical linear guide rail arranged on the lower part of the vertical front side of the crossbeam; correspondingly, the corresponding parts of the left slide and the right slide which are in contact with the top and the front side of the crossbeam are successively provided with recessed slide groove portions of the Y-direction combined slide rail, that is, a horizontal linear slide groove arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the left slide and the right slide and matching the horizontal linear guide, and a vertical linear slide groove arranged on the inner side of the lower part of the left slide and the right slide and matching the vertical linear guide; a recessed slide groove portion of the Y-direction combined slide rail, that is, a Y-direction hard rail slide groove, is arranged in the middle position of the front side of the crossbeam; and the corresponding parts of the left slide and the right slide which are in contact with it are provided with a convex guide rail portion of the Y-direction combined slide rail, that is, a Y-direction hard rail guide.

[0014] Preferably, the combined slide rail structure between the slide and the slide seat in any processing unit is as follows: it includes a Z-direction linear rail guide of four Z-direction rolling linear rails arranged at the two ends of the front side of the opening on the slide seat and at the outer edges of the two side surfaces of the opening; it also includes a Z-direction hard rail guide of four Z-direction sliding hard rails arranged in the middle part of the front side of the opening on the slide seat and in the middle part of the two side surfaces of the opening; and a slide groove part arranged on the slide seat, which is respectively positioned opposite to and matched with the guide part of the above-mentioned Z-direction rolling linear rail and the guide part of the Z-direction sliding hard rail.

[0015] Preferably, the spindle is arranged inside the slide and passes through the upper and lower ends of the slide, wherein the upper end is connected to the spindle motor and the lower end is connected to the tool mounting plate; behind the spindle motor, that is, at the top of the unopened area of ​​the slide, a Z-axis motor seat and a Z-axis motor are arranged, and the output shaft of the Z-axis motor is fixed to the Z-axis screw installed inside the slide and is sleeved in a bearing installed at the bottom of the slide, and a Z-axis screw nut is also fixed on the back of the slide, the Z-axis screw passes through the Z-axis screw nut, and the Z-axis motor drives the Z-axis screw to rotate and drives the slide to move in the Z direction.

[0016] Preferably, two fixed seats are symmetrically installed on both sides of the spindle motor at the top of the left slide 17 and the right slide, and a vertical piston rod is arranged under each fixed seat. At the same time, a rectangular sleeve is installed on the top of the left slide 17 or the right slide. The piston rod passes through the rectangular sleeve and enters the left slide or the right slide to cooperate with the lifting and lowering synchronous action of the Z-axis motor. Beneficial Effects

[0017] The double-headed moving column gantry machine tool based on the offset slide seat described in the present application reduces the width of the side where the two slides are in contact, reduces the mutual interference area of ​​the two slides, and reduces the distance between the two spindles of the machine tool, so that smaller parts can be processed. At the same time, the width of the side where the two slides are away from each other is increased. On the premise of increasing the overall rigidity and strength of the processing unit, the center of gravity offset of the two processing units is ensured to be small, and the torque generated by the slide and the spindle relative to the slide under the action of gravity is small, thereby reducing the vibration of the slide when moving on the beam; and in order to further improve the rigidity and stability of the connection between the slide and the beam, and the slide and the slide, the above two types of connection structures both use combined slide rails, which can alleviate the load fluctuations caused by the center of gravity and torque of each component during movement, and ensure the accuracy of operation; and vertical piston rods are arranged on both sides of the top of the left slide and the right slide, which increases the stability of the slide in the Z direction, and ultimately improves the rigidity and strength of the cooperation between the slide and the slide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view of the double-head moving column gantry machine tool.

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Left view of .

[0021] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the double-head moving column gantry machine tool from a southeast perspective.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the double-head moving column gantry machine tool from a northwest perspective.

[0023] Figure 6 It is the front view of the left slide and left ram combination.

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Top view of the .

[0025] Figure 8 It is the front view of the right slide seat and right slide ram combination.

[0026] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 Top view of the .

[0027] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal movement of the slide and the ram a.

[0028] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal movement of the slide and the ram b.

[0029] In the figure, workbench 1, bed 2, sliding rail 3, slide 4, gantry column 5, crossbeam 6, horizontal linear guide 6-1, vertical linear guide 6-2, Y-axis hard rail slide 6-3, processing unit 7, slide 7-1, slide 7-2, spindle 7-3, opening 7-4, Z-axis linear rail guide 7-5, Z-axis hard rail guide 7-6, Y-axis transmission motor 8, motor seat 9, Y-axis lead screw 10, left slide 11, right slide 12, spindle motor 13, Z-axis motor seat 14, Z-axis motor 15, Z-axis lead screw 16, left slide 17, right slide 18, fixed seat 19, piston rod 20, rectangular sleeve 21. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 , 2 , 3, 4, and Figure 9-10 As shown, a double-headed moving column gantry machine tool based on an offset slide seat described in this embodiment includes a workbench 1 arranged along the X direction, and a bed 2 arranged on both sides of the workbench 1; a sliding track 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the bed 2, a slide 4 is arranged on the sliding track 3, and a matching groove is arranged on the contact surface between the slide 4 and the sliding track 3, so that the slide 4 can move along the bed 2 in the X direction; above the slide 4, a gantry column 5 is fixed, and a crossbeam 6 arranged in the Y direction is installed on the top of the two gantry columns 5.

[0031] Two independent processing units 7 are installed on the crossbeam 6 and move in the Y direction on the crossbeam 6; each processing unit 7 includes a non-uniformly divided, offset slide 7-1, a matching slide 7-2 and a main shaft 7-3 inside the slide 7-2; the space on the slide 7-1 for installing the slide 7-2 is biased towards the inner side of the slide 7-2, that is, the side where the two processing units 7 are in contact with each other, and the width of the outer side of the slide 7-1 is greater than the width of the inner side.

[0032] The slides 7-1 all adopt a structure surrounded by three sides, left and right sides and the back; a removable cover is provided on the front of any slide 7-1, an opening 7-4 is provided under the cover, and the slide 7-2 is installed in the semi-enclosed space surrounded by the other three sides inside the opening 7-4.

[0033] The spindle 7-3 is arranged inside the slide 7-2 and passes through the upper and lower ends of the slide 7-2, wherein the upper end is connected to the spindle motor 13, and the lower end is connected to the tool mounting plate; behind the spindle motor 13, that is, at the top of the unopened area on the slide 7-1, a Z-axis motor seat 14 and a Z-axis motor 15 are arranged, and their output shafts are fixed to the Z-axis screw rod 16, and the Z-axis screw rod 16 passes through the slide 7-1 and is sleeved in the bearing installed at the bottom of the slide 7-1. A Z-axis screw rod nut is also fixed on the back of the slide 7-2, and the Z-axis screw rod 16 passes through the Z-axis screw rod nut. The Z-axis motor 15 drives the Z-axis screw rod 16 to rotate and drives the slide 7-2 to move in the Z direction.

[0034] In any processing unit 7, the corresponding slide 7-1 and the beam 6, or the slide 7-2 and the slide 7-1 are connected by a combined slide rail; the Y-direction transmission motor 8 and the matching motor seat 9, the Y-direction lead screw 10, and the bearing seat and the Y-direction lead screw nut fixed on the back of the slide 7-1 are respectively installed at the left and right horizontal ends of the beam 6 to drive the slide 7-1 to move along the Y direction on the beam 6. Example 2

[0035] refer to Figure 4-9In the double-head moving column gantry machine tool based on the offset ram seat described in this embodiment, the structure of the combined slide rail between the slide 7-1 and the beam 6 in any one of the processing units is as follows: the top and the lower front of the beam 6 are provided with a raised guide rail portion of the Y-direction combined slide rail, that is, a horizontal linear guide rail 6-1 provided at the horizontal top of the beam 6, and a vertical linear guide rail 6-2 provided at the lower vertical front of the beam 6; correspondingly, the corresponding parts of the left slide 11 and the right slide 12 that are in contact with the top and the front of the beam 6 are provided with Y-direction combined slide rails in sequence. The recessed slide groove portion of the slide rail, i.e., the horizontal linear slide groove arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the left slide 11 and the right slide 12, which matches the horizontal linear guide 6-1, and the vertical linear slide groove arranged on the inner side of the lower part of the left slide 11 and the right slide 12, which matches the vertical linear guide 6-2; the recessed slide groove portion of the Y-direction combined slide rail, i.e., the Y-direction hard rail slide groove 6-3, is arranged in the middle position of the front side of the crossbeam 6; the corresponding parts of the left slide 11 and the right slide 12 which are in contact with it are provided with the raised guide rail portion of the Y-direction combined slide rail, i.e., the Y-direction hard rail guide.

[0036] The combined slide rail structure between the slide 7-2 and the slide seat 7-1 in any processing unit is as follows: it includes a Z-direction linear rail guide 7-5 of four Z-direction rolling linear rails arranged at the two ends of the front side of the opening 7-4 on the slide seat 7-1 and at the outer edges of the two side surfaces of the opening 7-4; it also includes a Z-direction hard rail guide 7-6 of four Z-direction sliding hard rails arranged in the middle part of the front side of the opening 7-4 on the slide seat 7-1 and in the middle part of the two side surfaces of the opening 7-4; and a slide groove part arranged on the slide seat, which is respectively opposite to and matched with the guide part of the above-mentioned Z-direction rolling linear rail and the guide part of the Z-direction sliding hard rail. Example 3

[0037] refer to Figure 2 , 6 -9, the double-headed moving column gantry machine tool based on the offset slide seat described in this embodiment, in the two processing units, the left slide 11 and the right slide 12 both adopt a hollow lightweight structure; at the same time, they are installed according to the installation position, the left processing unit is the left slide 11, and the right processing unit is the right slide 12.

[0038] On the left slide 11, the width of the opening 7-4 is 1 / 2 of the width of the entire left slide 11, the depth of the opening 7-4 is 1 / 4 of the thickness of the left slide 11, the opening 7-4 is close to the right side of the front side of the left slide 11, and the distance between the right edge of the opening 7-4 and the right side of the left slide 11 is 1 / 6 of the width of the entire left slide 11; on the right slide 12, the width and depth of the opening 7-4 are consistent with those of the left slide 11, occupying 1 / 2 of the width and 1 / 4 of the thickness of the right slide 12, the opening 7-4 is set on the left side of the right slide 12, and the distance between the left edge of the opening 7-4 and the left side of the right slide 12 is 1 / 6 of the width of the entire right slide 12. Example 4

[0039] refer to Figure 1 , 3 , 4, 5. The double-headed moving column gantry machine tool based on the offset slide seat described in this embodiment has two fixed seats 19 symmetrically installed on both sides of the spindle motor 13 at the top of the left slide 17 and the right slide 18. A vertical piston rod 20 is arranged under each fixed seat 19. At the same time, a rectangular sleeve 21 is installed on the top of the left slide 17 or the right slide 18. The piston rod 20 passes through the rectangular sleeve 21 and enters the left slide 11 or the right slide 12. During the movement of the left slide 17 or the right slide 18, the piston rod 20 can increase its stability in the Z direction, thereby ultimately improving the rigidity and strength of the cooperation between the slide and the slide.

Claims

1. A double-head moving column gantry machine tool based on an offset ram seat, comprising a workbench arranged along the X direction, and a bed arranged on both sides of the workbench, characterized in that: A sliding track is arranged on the upper surface of the bed, a slide plate is arranged on the sliding track, and a groove matching the sliding track is arranged on the contact surface between the slide plate and the sliding track, so that the slide plate can move along the bed in the X direction; a gantry column is fixed above the slide plate, and a crossbeam arranged in the Y direction is installed on the top of the two gantry columns; Two independent processing units are installed on the crossbeam and move in the Y direction on the crossbeam; each processing unit includes a non-uniformly divided, offset slide, a matching ram and a spindle inside the ram, the space on the slide for installing the ram is biased to the inner side of the ram, and the width of the outer side of the slide is greater than the width of the inner side on the side where the two processing units contact each other; In any processing unit, the corresponding slide and beam, or the ram and slide are connected by a combined slide rail; In addition, a Y-direction transmission motor and a matching motor seat, a Y-direction lead screw, and a bearing seat and a Y-direction lead screw nut fixed on the back of the slide are respectively installed at the left and right horizontal ends of the beam to drive the slide to move along the Y direction on the beam.

2. The double-head moving column gantry machine tool based on the offset ram seat according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slide seats all adopt a structure surrounded by three sides, left and right sides and the back; a detachable cover is provided on the front of any slide seat, an opening is provided under the cover, and the slide is installed in the semi-enclosed space inside the opening surrounded by the other three sides.

3. The double-head moving column gantry machine tool based on the offset ram seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the installation position, the processing unit on the left side includes a left slide, and the processing unit on the right side includes a right slide; that is, the left side width of the left slide is greater than the right side width, and the right side width of the right slide is greater than the left side width; on the left slide, the width of the opening is 1 / 2 of the entire left slide width, the depth of the opening is 1 / 4 of the thickness of the left slide, the opening is close to the right side of the front of the left slide, and the distance between the right edge of the opening and the right side of the left slide is 1 / 6 of the entire left slide width; on the right slide, the width and depth of the opening are consistent with those of the left slide, accounting for 1 / 2 of the width and 1 / 4 of the thickness of the right slide, the opening is set on the left side of the right slide, and the distance between the left edge of the opening and the left side of the right slide is 1 / 6 of the entire right slide width.

4. The double-head moving column gantry machine tool based on the offset ram seat according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The left sliding seat and the right sliding seat both adopt a hollow lightweight structure.

5. The double-head moving column gantry machine tool based on the offset ram seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined slide rail structure between the slide and the crossbeam in any processing unit is as follows: the top of the crossbeam and the lower part of the front face are provided with a raised guide rail portion of the Y-direction combined slide rail, that is, a horizontal linear guide rail arranged at the horizontal top of the crossbeam, and a vertical linear guide rail arranged at the lower part of the vertical front face of the crossbeam; correspondingly, the corresponding parts of the left slide and the right slide that are in contact with the top and the front face of the crossbeam are successively provided with recessed slide groove portions of the Y-direction combined slide rail, that is, a horizontal linear slide groove arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the left slide and the right slide and matching the horizontal linear guide, and a vertical linear slide groove arranged on the inner side of the lower part of the left slide and the right slide and matching the vertical linear guide; the recessed slide groove portion of the Y-direction combined slide rail, that is, the Y-direction hard rail slide groove, is arranged in the middle position of the front face of the crossbeam; the corresponding parts of the left slide and the right slide that are in contact with it are provided with a raised guide rail portion of the Y-direction combined slide rail, that is, the Y-direction hard rail guide.

6. The double-head moving column gantry machine tool based on the offset ram seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined slide rail structure between the slide and the slide seat in any processing unit is as follows: it includes a Z-direction linear rail guide of four Z-direction rolling linear rails arranged at the two ends of the front side of the opening on the slide seat and at the outer edges of the two side surfaces of the opening; it also includes a Z-direction hard rail guide of four Z-direction sliding hard rails arranged in the middle part of the front side of the opening on the slide seat and in the middle part of the two side surfaces of the opening; and a slide groove part arranged on the slide seat, which is respectively opposite to and matches the guide rail part of the above-mentioned Z-direction rolling linear rail and the guide rail part of the Z-direction sliding hard rail.

7. The double-head moving column gantry machine tool based on the offset ram seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle is arranged inside the slide and passes through the upper and lower ends of the slide, wherein the upper end is connected to the spindle motor and the lower end is connected to the tool mounting plate; behind the spindle motor, that is, at the top of the unopened area of ​​the slide, a Z-axis motor seat and a Z-axis motor are arranged, and the output shaft of the Z-axis motor is fixed to the Z-axis screw installed inside the slide and is sleeved in a bearing installed at the bottom of the slide, and a Z-axis screw nut is also fixed on the back of the slide, and the Z-axis screw passes through the Z-axis screw nut, and the Z-axis motor drives the Z-axis screw to rotate and drives the slide to move in the Z direction.

8. The double-head moving column gantry machine tool based on the offset ram seat according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two fixed seats are symmetrically installed on both sides of the spindle motor at the top of the left slide and the right slide, and a vertical piston rod is set under each fixed seat. At the same time, a rectangular sleeve is installed on the top of the left slide 17 or the right slide. The piston rod passes through the rectangular sleeve and enters the left slide or the right slide to cooperate with the lifting and lowering synchronous action of the Z-axis motor.

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