High-temperature dust removal device for biomass gasifier

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of gas dust removal, and particularly relates to a high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier, the high-temperature dust removal device comprises a dust removal box and a dust removal assembly, the bottom surface of the dust removal box is a conical surface, the bottom of the conical surface is communicated with a dust discharge port, and the side wall of the dust removal box is fixedly communicated with a gas inlet pipe; supporting legs are fixed to the bottom of the dust removal box, the dust removal assembly comprises a center shaft rotationally connected into the dust removal box, the center shaft penetrates through a top plate of the dust removal box and extends out of the dust removal box, a plurality of evenly-distributed positive plates are fixed to the portion, located in the dust removal box, of the center shaft, and electrostatic plates are fixed to the positive plates. A metal ring is fixed to the side wall of the dust removal box, the metal ring is semicircular and located on the side wall, close to the air inlet pipe, of the dust removal box, and the dust removal assembly further comprises a control part. The manufacturing cost is low, the equipment runs automatically after gas enters the dust removal box, manual operation is not needed, the dust removal cost is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gas dust removal, and in particular relates to a high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier. Background Art

[0002] The basic principle of the biomass gasifier is to use the high temperature and low pressure of steam to directly gasify low calorific value organic matter to obtain combustible gas. Its raw materials come from a wide range of sources, including crop straw, forest waste and all combustible materials. It is an inexhaustible renewable resource. The combustible gas obtained after biomass gasification is mixed with dust and carbon dioxide, which will affect the quality of the output combustible gas.

[0003] The existing publication number CN117046253B discloses a high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasification furnace, including a bracket, the bracket is fixedly connected to a first fixed cylinder and a second fixed cylinder, the second fixed cylinder is connected to an air inlet pipe, the first fixed cylinder is connected to a drain pipe, and a water spray column is provided with equidistantly distributed annular cavities, the annular cavity of the water spray column is connected to a first atomizing nozzle, and water is sprayed out in a mist manner through the first atomizing nozzle, thereby increasing the contact area with dust in the gas, improving the dust removal effect, and reducing the dust content in the gas.

[0004] The existing device also has the following deficiencies:

[0005] 1. The existing device uses a drive motor and an electric push rod to provide power for the device. The equipment has high manufacturing costs, and the operation is cumbersome during use. The work efficiency is low, and it takes up more manpower and material resources, which increases the dust removal cost.

[0006] 2. The existing device only processes the dust in the combustible gas and cannot discharge the carbon dioxide in the combustible gas, and the quality of the produced combustible gas is low.

[0007] 3. The existing device lacks a cooling mechanism. The temperature of the gas produced after dust removal is relatively high, which poses a risk of scalding the staff. In addition, due to thermal expansion and contraction, the volume of the high-temperature gas is relatively large, requiring a larger container to collect the produced gas, increasing the equipment cost. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier in view of the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier, comprising:

[0010] A dust removal box, wherein the bottom surface of the dust removal box is a conical surface, the bottom of the conical surface is connected to a dust exhaust port, the side wall of the dust removal box is fixedly connected to an air intake pipe, and the bottom of the dust removal box is fixed with a support leg;

[0011] A dust removal assembly, the dust removal assembly includes a central axis rotatably connected to the dust removal box, the central axis passes through the top plate of the dust removal box and extends to the outside of the dust removal box, a plurality of evenly distributed positive plates are fixed on the central axis in the inner part of the dust removal box, an electrostatic plate is fixed on the positive plate, a metal ring is fixed on the side wall of the dust removal box, the metal ring is semicircular and is located on the side wall of the dust removal box close to the air intake pipe, and the dust removal assembly also includes a control component.

[0012] Furthermore, the control component includes a cavity opened inside the central axis, a support column is fixed in the cavity, a ring is fixed on the support column, a metal ball is connected to the ring through a rope, and a negative electrode plate is fixed on the side wall of the cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the positive plate is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the external power supply, the metal ball is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the external power supply, the metal ring is electrically connected to the negative plate, and the electrostatic plate is electrically connected to the positive plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a debris removal box is fixed on the dust removal box, the central axis passes through the debris removal box and is rotatably connected to the debris removal box, an air duct is fixedly connected between the dust removal box and the debris removal box, an air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the debris removal box, and the debris removal box is filled with calcium hydroxide solution.

[0015] Furthermore, a solute replenishing assembly is provided on the impurity removal box, and the solute replenishing assembly includes a cylinder fixed to the top of the impurity removal box, a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are fixedly connected to the cylinder, the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the impurity removal box, a piston plate is sealingly and slidably connected in the cylinder, a piston rod is fixed on the piston plate, and the piston rod is driven by a driving component.

[0016] Furthermore, the driving component comprises a circular plate fixed to the top of the central shaft, a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the circular plate, and one end of the connecting rod away from the circular plate is rotatably connected to the piston rod.

[0017] Furthermore, a refrigeration component is provided in the impurity removal box, and the refrigeration component includes a stirring blade fixed on the central axis, and a semiconductor refrigeration plate is embedded in the stirring blade, and the positive and negative poles of the semiconductor refrigeration plate are electrically connected to the positive plate and the negative plate respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, a filter is fixed at the connection between the air duct and the dust removal box.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The present invention provides a dust removal component. After the gas enters the dust removal box, it drives the electrostatic plate and the central axis to rotate. The rotation of the central axis drives the supporting column to rotate, so that the ring drives the rope and the metal ball to rotate. The metal ball contacts the negative plate under the action of centrifugal force, so that the negative plate and the metal ring are electrically connected to the negative electrode of the external power supply. During the rotation of the electrostatic plate, when the electrostatic plate contacts the metal ring, the electrostatic plate is energized to adsorb dust in the gas. When the electrostatic plate is separated from the metal ring, the electrostatic plate is powered off, and the dust adsorbed on the electrostatic plate falls to the bottom of the dust removal box and falls at the dust discharge port along the conical surface. After the dust removal work is completed, the air intake pipe no longer enters the gas, the electrostatic plate gradually stops rotating, the metal ball separates from the negative plate under the action of gravity, and the electrical connection between the negative plate and the metal ring and the external power supply is disconnected. No additional power equipment is required, and the manufacturing cost is low. After the gas enters the dust removal box, the equipment operates automatically without manual operation, thereby reducing the dust removal cost and improving work efficiency.

[0021] 2. The present invention provides an impurity removal box. After the gas is dusted in the dust removal box, it enters the impurity removal box through the air duct. The carbon dioxide in the gas reacts with the calcium hydroxide solution in the impurity removal box to remove the carbon dioxide in the gas. By providing a solute replenishing component, high-concentration calcium hydroxide is continuously replenished into the impurity removal box, and the stirring blades are used to evenly mix the calcium hydroxide with the solution in the impurity removal box, thereby ensuring that there is always sufficient solute in the solution in the impurity removal box to remove the carbon dioxide in the gas, thereby improving the quality of the output gas.

[0022] 3. The present invention sets a refrigeration component. When the metal ball contacts the negative plate, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is energized and starts to cool, thereby reducing the temperature of the solution in the impurity removal box, thereby reducing the temperature of the output gas in the impurity removal box, avoiding excessively high temperature of the output gas to scald the staff, and the volume of the gas after cooling is reduced, and the container for collecting the gas can store more output gas. At the same time, lowering the temperature of the solution can avoid the high-temperature gas causing the solubility of calcium hydroxide to decrease after the solution temperature increases, thereby further ensuring the quality of the output gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasification furnace provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a dust removal box and a debris removal box of a high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control component of a high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a solute replenishing component of a high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0029] In the figure, 1 dust removal box, 11 dust outlet, 12 air inlet pipe, 13 support leg, 14 center axis, 141 positive plate, 142 electrostatic plate, 143 cavity, 144 support column, 145 collar, 146 metal ball, 147 negative plate, 15 metal ring;

[0030] 2 debris removal box, 21 air guide pipe, 22 air outlet pipe, 211 filter screen;

[0031] 3 cylinder, 31 liquid inlet pipe, 32 liquid outlet pipe, 33 piston plate, 34 piston rod, 35 round plate, 36 connecting rod, 37 stirring blade, 371 semiconductor refrigeration plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, a high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasification furnace includes a dust removal box 1 and a dust removal assembly. The bottom surface of the dust removal box 1 is a conical surface, and the bottom of the conical surface is connected to a dust exhaust port 11. The side wall of the dust removal box 1 is fixedly connected to an air intake pipe 12, and a support leg 13 is fixed to the bottom of the dust removal box 1. The dust removal assembly includes a central axis 14 rotatably connected to the dust removal box 1, and the central axis 14 passes through the top plate of the dust removal box 1 and extends to the outside of the dust removal box 1. A plurality of evenly distributed positive plates 141 are fixed on the central axis 14 in the inner part of the dust removal box 1, and an electrostatic plate 142 is fixed on the positive plate 141. A metal ring 1 is fixed on the side wall of the dust removal box 1. 5. The metal ring 15 is semicircular and is located on the side wall of the dust removal box 1 near the air inlet pipe 12. The dust removal assembly also includes a control component, which includes a cavity 143 opened inside the central axis. A support column 144 is fixed in the cavity 143, and a ring 145 is fixed on the support column 144. A metal ball 146 is connected to the ring 145 through a rope. A negative plate 147 is fixed on the side wall of the cavity 143. The positive plate 141 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the external power supply, the metal ball 146 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the external power supply, the metal ring 15 is electrically connected to the negative plate 147, and the electrostatic plate 142 is electrically connected to the positive plate 141.

[0034] When in use, the outlet of the biomass gasifier is connected to the air inlet pipe 12, and the dust outlet 11 is closed. The gas produced by the biomass gasifier enters the dust removal box 1. After the gas enters the dust removal box 1, it drives the electrostatic plate 142 and the central shaft 14 to rotate. The rotation of the central shaft 14 drives the support column 144 to rotate, so that the ring 145 drives the rope and the metal ball 146 to rotate. The metal ball 146 contacts the negative plate 147 under the action of centrifugal force, so that the negative plate 147 and the metal ring 15 are electrically connected to the negative pole of the external power supply. The electrostatic plate 142 rotates During the process, when the electrostatic plate 142 contacts the metal ring 15, the electrostatic plate 142 is energized to adsorb dust in the gas. When the electrostatic plate 142 separates from the metal ring 15, the electrostatic plate 142 is de-energized, and the dust adsorbed on the electrostatic plate 142 falls to the bottom of the dust removal box 1 and falls on the dust exhaust port 11 along the conical surface. After the dust removal work is completed, the air inlet pipe 12 no longer enters the gas, the electrostatic plate 142 gradually stops rotating, and the metal ball 146 separates from the negative plate 147 under the action of gravity, and the electrical connection between the negative plate 147 and the metal ring 15 and the external power supply is disconnected.

[0035] A dust removal box 2 is fixed on the dust removal box 1, and the central axis 14 passes through the dust removal box 2 and is rotatably connected to the dust removal box 1. An air duct 21 is fixedly connected between the dust removal box 1 and the dust removal box 2, and a filter screen 211 is fixed at the connection between the air duct 21 and the dust removal box 1. An air outlet pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the dust removal box 2. The dust removal box 2 is filled with calcium hydroxide solution. A solute replenishing component is provided on the dust removal box 2, and the solute replenishing component includes a cylinder 3 fixed to the top of the dust removal box 2, and a liquid inlet pipe 31 and a liquid outlet pipe 32 are fixedly connected to the cylinder 3, and the liquid outlet pipe 32 is connected to the dust removal box 2. A piston plate 33 is sealingly and slidably connected in the cylinder 3, and a piston rod 34 is fixed on the piston plate 33. The piston rod 34 is driven by a driving component, and the driving component includes a circular plate 35 fixed to the top of the central axis 14, and a connecting rod 36 is rotatably connected to the circular plate 35, and the end of the connecting rod 36 away from the circular plate 35 is rotatably connected to the piston rod 34.

[0036] When in use, the liquid inlet pipe 31 is connected to the container filled with high-concentration calcium hydroxide solution. The one-way valve on the liquid inlet pipe 31 only allows the fluid to enter the cylinder 3, and the one-way valve on the liquid outlet pipe 32 only allows the fluid to enter the impurity removal box 2. After the dust is removed in the dust removal box 1, the gas enters the impurity removal box 2 through the air guide pipe 21. The carbon dioxide in the gas reacts with the calcium hydroxide solution in the impurity removal box 2 to remove the carbon dioxide in the gas. The central axis 14 rotates while driving the circular plate 35 to rotate. Under the action of the connecting rod 36, the piston rod 34 drives the piston plate 33 to reciprocate horizontally in the cylinder 3, continuously absorbing the high-concentration calcium hydroxide solution in the container into the cylinder 3 and discharging it into the impurity removal box 2, and continuously replenishing the impurity removal box 2 with high concentration calcium hydroxide.

[0037] A refrigeration component is also provided in the impurity removal box 2, and the refrigeration component includes a stirring blade 37 fixed on the central shaft 14, and a semiconductor refrigeration plate 371 is embedded in the stirring blade 37. The positive and negative electrodes of the semiconductor refrigeration plate 371 are electrically connected to the positive plate 141 and the negative plate 147 respectively. When the central shaft 14 rotates, the stirring blade 37 is driven to rotate, and the solution in the impurity removal box 2 is stirred, which can accelerate the reaction speed of carbon dioxide and calcium hydroxide and improve the impurity removal efficiency. At the same time, the high-concentration calcium hydroxide solution entering the impurity removal box 2 can be evenly mixed with the solution in the impurity removal box 2, and when the metal ball 146 contacts the negative plate 147, the semiconductor refrigeration plate 371 is energized and starts to cool, thereby reducing the temperature of the solution in the impurity removal box 2 and thus reducing the temperature of the gas produced in the impurity removal box 2.

[0038] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0039] When in use, the outlet of the biomass gasifier is connected to the air inlet pipe 12, the dust outlet 11 is closed, and the liquid inlet pipe 31 is connected to the container filled with a high-concentration calcium hydroxide solution. The gas produced by the biomass gasifier enters the dust removal box 1. After the gas enters the dust removal box 1, it drives the electrostatic plate 142 and the central shaft 14 to rotate. The rotation of the central shaft 14 drives the support column 144 to rotate, so that the ring 145 drives the rope and the metal ball 146 to rotate. The metal ball 146 contacts the negative plate 147 under the action of centrifugal force, so that the negative plate 147 and the metal ring 15 are electrically connected to the negative pole of the external power supply. During the rotation of the electrostatic plate 142, the electrostatic plate 142 contacts the metal ring 15. When the electrostatic plate 142 is energized to absorb dust in the gas, when the electrostatic plate 142 is separated from the metal ring 15, the electrostatic plate 142 is de-energized, and the dust absorbed on the electrostatic plate 142 falls to the bottom of the dust removal box 1 and falls on the dust exhaust port 11 along the conical surface. After the dust removal work is completed, the air inlet pipe 12 no longer enters the gas, the electrostatic plate 142 gradually stops rotating, and the metal ball 146 is separated from the negative plate 147 under the action of gravity. The electrical connection between the negative plate 147 and the metal ring 15 and the external power supply is disconnected, and no additional power equipment is required, and the manufacturing cost is low. After the gas enters the dust removal box 1, the equipment operates automatically, and no manual operation is required, thereby reducing the dust removal cost and improving work efficiency.

[0040] After the dust is removed in the dust removal box 1, the gas enters the impurity removal box 2 through the air duct 21. The filter 211 can prevent the dust that has not fallen into the dust outlet 11 from entering the impurity removal box 2, thereby improving the dust removal effect. The carbon dioxide in the gas reacts with the calcium hydroxide solution in the impurity removal box 2 to remove the carbon dioxide in the gas. The central axis 14 rotates while driving the circular plate 35 to rotate. Under the action of the connecting rod 36, the piston rod 34 drives the piston plate 33 to reciprocate horizontally in the cylinder 3, continuously absorbing the high-concentration calcium hydroxide solution in the container into the cylinder 3 and discharging it into the impurity removal box 2, continuously replenishing high-concentration calcium hydroxide into the impurity removal box 2, and mixing it evenly with the solution in the impurity removal box 2 through the stirring blades 371, ensuring that there is always sufficient solute in the solution in the impurity removal box 2 to remove the carbon dioxide in the gas, thereby improving the quality of the output gas.

[0041] When the central shaft 14 rotates, the stirring blades 37 are driven to rotate, stirring the solution in the impurity removal box 2, which can accelerate the reaction speed of carbon dioxide and calcium hydroxide and improve the impurity removal efficiency. At the same time, the high-concentration calcium hydroxide solution entering the impurity removal box 2 can be evenly mixed with the solution in the impurity removal box 2. When the metal ball 146 contacts the negative plate 147, the semiconductor refrigeration plate 371 is energized and starts to cool, thereby reducing the temperature of the solution in the impurity removal box 2 and thus reducing the temperature of the output gas in the impurity removal box 2, avoiding the output gas temperature being too high to scald the staff, and the volume of the gas after cooling is reduced, and the container for collecting the gas can store more output gas. At the same time, reducing the temperature of the solution can avoid the high-temperature gas causing the solubility of calcium hydroxide to decrease after the solution temperature increases, which can further ensure the quality of the output gas.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier, characterized in that: include: A dust removal box (1), wherein the bottom surface of the dust removal box (1) is a conical surface, the bottom of the conical surface is connected to a dust discharge port (11), an air intake pipe (12) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the dust removal box (1), and a support leg (13) is fixed to the bottom of the dust removal box (1); A dust removal assembly, the dust removal assembly comprising a central shaft (14) rotatably connected to a dust removal box (1), the central shaft (14) passing through a top plate of the dust removal box (1) and extending to the outside of the dust removal box (1), a plurality of evenly distributed positive plates (141) being fixed on the central shaft (14) located inside the dust removal box (1), an electrostatic plate (142) being fixed on the positive plate (141), a metal ring (15) being fixed on a side wall of the dust removal box (1), the metal ring (15) being semicircular and being located on the side wall of the dust removal box (1) close to an air inlet pipe (12), the dust removal assembly also comprising a control component.

2. A high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control component comprises a cavity (143) opened inside the central axis, a support column (144) is fixed inside the cavity (143), a collar (145) is fixed on the support column (144), a metal ball (146) is connected to the collar (145) via a rope, and a negative plate (147) is fixed on the side wall of the cavity (143).

3. A high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positive plate (141) is electrically connected to the positive pole of the external power source, the metal ball (146) is electrically connected to the negative pole of the external power source, the metal ring (15) is electrically connected to the negative plate (147), and the electrostatic plate (142) is electrically connected to the positive plate (141).

4. A high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that: A dust removal box (2) is fixed on the dust removal box (1); the central axis (14) passes through the dust removal box (2) and is rotatably connected to the dust removal box (2); an air guide pipe (21) is fixedly connected between the dust removal box (1) and the dust removal box (2); an air outlet pipe (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the dust removal box (2); and a calcium hydroxide solution is contained in the dust removal box (2).

5. A high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impurity removal box (2) is provided with a solute replenishing component, which comprises a cylinder (3) fixed to the top of the impurity removal box (2), a liquid inlet pipe (31) and a liquid outlet pipe (32) fixedly connected to the cylinder (3), both the liquid inlet pipe (31) and the liquid outlet pipe (32) are provided with a one-way valve, the liquid outlet pipe (32) is connected to the impurity removal box (2), a piston plate (33) is sealingly slidably connected inside the cylinder (3), a piston rod (34) is fixed to the piston plate (33), and the piston rod (34) is driven by a driving component.

6. A high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving component comprises a circular plate (35) fixed to the top of the central shaft (14), a connecting rod (36) is rotatably connected to the circular plate (35), and one end of the connecting rod (36) away from the circular plate (35) is rotatably connected to the piston rod (34).

7. The high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier according to claim 4, characterized in that: A refrigeration component is also provided in the impurity removal box (2), and the refrigeration component includes a stirring blade (37) fixed on the central axis (14), and a semiconductor refrigeration plate (371) is embedded in the stirring blade (37), and the positive and negative electrodes of the semiconductor refrigeration plate (371) are electrically connected to the positive electrode plate (141) and the negative electrode plate (147) respectively.

8. The high-temperature dust removal device for a biomass gasifier according to claim 4, characterized in that: A filter screen (211) is fixed at the connection between the air guide pipe (21) and the dust removal box (1).

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