Fractured formation deep well overflow leakage monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fractured formation deep well overflow leakage monitoring device which comprises an inlet flow sensor, a pump pressure sensor and an outlet flow sensor. The inlet flow sensor is arranged on the drill rod; the pump pressure sensor is arranged on the drill rod; and the outlet flow sensor is arranged on the slurry outlet pipe. The invention further discloses a fractured formation deep well overflow leakage monitoring method. The pump pressure, the drilling fluid inlet flow and the drilling fluid outlet flow are obtained in real time through the sensor and transmitted to the computer, the computer calculates the flow and compares the flow with a set threshold value, and therefore the purposes of underground overflow and well leakage early warning are achieved. By means of real-time data transmission, timeliness of early warning and monitoring is guaranteed, compared with a traditional mode of giving an alarm through experience subjective judgment, early warning precision is effectively improved, well leakage and overflow can be found and accurately forecasted in time in the drilling process, and major accidents are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling engineering, and in particular relates to a device and method for monitoring leakage in a deep well in a fractured formation. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of exploration and development of oil and gas fields, the drilling of deep wells, ultra-deep wells, horizontal wells, directional wells and window sidetracking wells has increased, which has put forward higher requirements for monitoring of overflow and well leakage data on site, and the difficulty of well control management has increased. Among them, monitoring of drilling leakage during drilling can ensure the safety of the drilling process, so leakage monitoring technology is an important technology at the drilling site.

[0003] At present, the overall leakage monitoring technology at the drilling site still uses real-time drilling engineering parameter monitoring, mud circulation parameters, and changes in gas measurement parameters to identify overflow and well leakage. The judgment method mainly relies on the personal experience of on-site staff, specifically:

[0004] By observing the parameters directly measured by the integrated logging instrument and the changes in multiple parameters, the signs of accidents can be captured in time; the changes in the liquid level in the mud pool are observed. Under normal drilling conditions, the liquid level in the mud pool fluctuates around a certain value. When an overflow accident occurs, the liquid level in the mud pool rises, and when a well leakage accident occurs, the liquid level in the mud pool drops.

[0005] There are many problems with the existing spill monitoring technology during use:

[0006] (1) The comprehensive logging technology monitoring method is limited by the quality of equipment and personnel. At the same time, because the identification of accidents is based on the personal experience of logging technicians, there are still serious deficiencies in intelligence;

[0007] (2) The method of observing the liquid level in the mud pool can monitor overflow and well leakage, but this method has a serious time lag and the early warning is not real-time enough; due to the large bottom area of ​​the mud pool, the liquid level rise is not sensitive enough to small leakage amounts.

[0008] Based on the above problems, the present application proposes a deep well leakage monitoring device and method in fractured formations, which obtains the pump pressure, drilling fluid inlet flow and drilling fluid outlet flow in real time through sensors and transmits them to a computer, which is then compared with the set threshold after calculation by the computer, thereby achieving the purpose of downhole overflow and well leakage early warning; by transmitting data in real time, the timeliness of early warning monitoring is guaranteed, and compared with the traditional method of alarming through subjective judgment based on experience, the early warning accuracy is effectively improved, and well leakage overflow can be discovered and accurately predicted in time during the drilling process, thereby avoiding the occurrence of major accidents. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a device and method for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A deep well leakage monitoring device for fractured formations, wherein a drill rod is arranged in the wellbore of the deep well, and a slurry outlet pipe connected to the wellbore is arranged at the upper part of the wellbore;

[0012] The deep well leakage monitoring device includes an inlet flow sensor, a pump pressure sensor, and an outlet flow sensor;

[0013] The inlet flow sensor is arranged on the drill rod;

[0014] The pump pressure sensor is arranged on the drill rod;

[0015] The outlet flow sensor is arranged on the slurry outlet pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the deep well leakage monitoring device further comprises a computer;

[0017] The inlet flow sensor, pump pressure sensor and outlet flow sensor are all connected to the computer.

[0018] Preferably, the computer is connected to an alarm.

[0019] Preferably, the outlet flow sensor is a pipeline electromagnetic flowmeter.

[0020] Preferably, the inlet flow sensor is an external clamp-on ultrasonic sensor.

[0021] Preferably, there are two external clamp-on ultrasonic sensors.

[0022] Preferably, the distance between the two clamp-on ultrasonic flow meters is 20 to 30 cm.

[0023] The invention also provides a method for monitoring leakage in deep wells of fractured formations.

[0024] A method for monitoring leakage in a deep well in a fractured formation is implemented by using a device for monitoring leakage in a deep well in a fractured formation, and comprises the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: The inlet flow sensor, pump pressure sensor, and outlet flow sensor are turned on synchronously, and data is transmitted to the computer at intervals of Δt. The inlet flow sensor transmits the drilling fluid inlet flow, the pump pressure sensor transmits the pump pressure, and the outlet flow sensor transmits the drilling fluid outlet flow;

[0026] Step 2: The computer calculates the rate of change K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate iAnd the rate of change of pump pressure difference K′ i ;

[0027]

[0028] In formula (1)

[0029] Δv i+1 =v i+1 -v′ i+1 (2)

[0030] Δv i =v i -v′ i (3)

[0031]

[0032] In formula (4)

[0033] Δp i+1 =p i+2 -p i+1 (5)

[0034] Δp i =p i+1 -p i (6)

[0035] in:

[0036] Δv i+1 is the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate at the i+1th time node;

[0037] Δv i is the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate at the i-th time node;

[0038] v i+1 is the drilling fluid outlet flow rate at the i+1th time node;

[0039] v′ i+1 is the drilling fluid inlet flow rate at the i+1th time node;

[0040] v i is the drilling fluid outlet flow rate at the i-th time node;

[0041] v′ i is the drilling fluid inlet flow rate at the i-th time node;

[0042] Δp i+1 is the difference between the pump pressure at the i+2th time node and the pump pressure at the i+1th time node;

[0043] Δp i is the difference between the pump pressure at the i+1th time node and the pump pressure at the ith time node;

[0044] p i+2 is the pump pressure at the i+2th time node;

[0045] p i+1 is the pump pressure at the i+1th time node;

[0046] p i is the pump pressure at the i-th time node;

[0047] i is the time node;

[0048] Δt is the duration between adjacent time nodes;

[0049] Step 3: Based on the calculated rate of change K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate i And the rate of change of pump pressure difference K i 'Determine whether leakage or overflow occurs.

[0050] Preferably, in step 3, the calculated change rate K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate is i And the rate of change of pump pressure difference K′ i The method to determine whether leakage or overflow occurs is as follows:

[0051] When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′ i+2 , ..., K′ i+N Both are less than K m , and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N Both are less than K q When the well is leaking, it is judged as a leakage;

[0052] When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′ i+2 , ..., K′ i+N Both are greater than K m , and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N Both are greater than K q When , it is judged as overflow;

[0053] Where: K m , K q Determined based on actual site conditions.

[0054] Preferably, in step 3, N≥2.

[0055] Preferably, in step 3, 2≤N≤4.

[0056] Preferably, in step 3, when it is determined that leakage or overflow occurs, an alarm sounds.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0058] The present invention obtains the pump pressure, drilling fluid inlet flow and drilling fluid outlet flow in real time through sensors and transmits them to a computer, which is then compared with a set threshold after calculation by the computer, thereby achieving the purpose of underground overflow and well leakage early warning; by transmitting data in real time, the timeliness of early warning monitoring is guaranteed. Compared with the traditional method of alarming through subjective judgment based on experience, the early warning accuracy is effectively improved, and well leakage overflow can be discovered and accurately predicted in time during the drilling process, thereby avoiding the occurrence of major accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application.

[0060] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the deep well leakage monitoring device for fractured formations of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 is a graph showing the change of pump pressure of the SY-1 well with respect to time nodes in Example 10;

[0062] Figure 3 is a curve diagram showing the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of the SY-1 well in Example 10 as a function of time nodes;

[0063] Figure 4 is a graph showing the change of pump pressure of the MX-22 well with time nodes in Example 11;

[0064] Figure 5 is a curve diagram showing the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of the MX-22 well in Example 11 as a function of time nodes;

[0065] Figure 6 is a graph showing the change of pump pressure of the GS-008 well with time nodes in Example 12;

[0066] Figure 7 is a curve diagram showing the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of the GS-008 well in Example 12 as a function of time nodes;

[0067] Figure 8 is a graph showing the change of pump pressure of the TF-2 well with time nodes in Example 13;

[0068] Fig. 9 is a curve diagram showing the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of the TF-2 well in Example 13 as a function of time nodes;

[0069] in:

[0070] 01-Drill pipe;

[0071] 02-shaft;

[0072] 03-Slurry outlet pipe;

[0073] 1- Inlet flow sensor;

[0074] 2- Pump pressure sensor;

[0075] 3- outlet flow sensor;

[0076] 4- Computer;

[0077] 5- Alarm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0079] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0080] In the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are relational words determined only for the convenience of describing the structural relationships of the various parts or elements of the present invention. They do not specifically refer to any part or element in the present invention and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0081] In the present invention, terms such as "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, indicating that the connection can be fixed, integral or detachable; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. Relevant scientific research or technical personnel in this field can determine the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to specific circumstances, and they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0082] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0083] Embodiment 1:

[0084] A deep well leakage monitoring device for fractured formations, wherein a drill pipe 01 is arranged in a wellbore 02 of the deep well, and a slurry outlet pipe 03 connected to the wellbore 02 is arranged at the upper part of the wellbore 02;

[0085] The deep well leakage monitoring device comprises an inlet flow sensor 1, a pump pressure sensor 2, and an outlet flow sensor 3;

[0086] The inlet flow sensor 1 is arranged on the drill rod 01;

[0087] The pump pressure sensor 2 is arranged on the drill rod 01;

[0088] The outlet flow sensor 3 is arranged on the slurry outlet pipe 03 .

[0089] Embodiment 2:

[0090] like Figure 1 As shown, a leakage monitoring device for deep wells in fractured formations is provided, wherein a drill pipe 01 is arranged in a wellbore 02 of the deep well, and a slurry outlet pipe 03 connected to the wellbore 02 is arranged at the upper part of the wellbore 02;

[0091] The deep well leakage monitoring device comprises an inlet flow sensor 1, a pump pressure sensor 2, an outlet flow sensor 3, and a computer 4;

[0092] The inlet flow sensor 1 is arranged on the drill rod 01;

[0093] The pump pressure sensor 2 is arranged on the drill rod 04;

[0094] The outlet flow sensor 3 is arranged on the slurry outlet pipe 03;

[0095] The inlet flow sensor 1 , the pump pressure sensor 2 , and the outlet flow sensor 3 are all connected to a computer 4 .

[0096] Embodiment 3:

[0097] A deep well leakage monitoring device for fractured formations, wherein a drill pipe 01 is arranged in a wellbore 02 of the deep well, and a slurry outlet pipe 03 connected to the wellbore 02 is arranged at the upper part of the wellbore 02;

[0098] The deep well leakage monitoring device comprises an inlet flow sensor 1, a pump pressure sensor 2, an outlet flow sensor 3, and a computer 4;

[0099] The inlet flow sensor 1 is arranged on the drill rod 01;

[0100] The pump pressure sensor 2 is arranged on the drill rod 04;

[0101] The outlet flow sensor 3 is arranged on the slurry outlet pipe 03;

[0102] The inlet flow sensor 1 , the pump pressure sensor 2 , and the outlet flow sensor 3 are all connected to a computer 4 .

[0103] Preferably, the computer 4 is connected to an alarm 5 .

[0104] Embodiment 4:

[0105] A deep well leakage monitoring device for fractured formations, wherein a drill pipe 01 is arranged in a wellbore 02 of the deep well, and a slurry outlet pipe 03 connected to the wellbore 02 is arranged at the upper part of the wellbore 02;

[0106] The deep well leakage monitoring device comprises an inlet flow sensor 1, a pump pressure sensor 2, an outlet flow sensor 3, and a computer 4;

[0107] The inlet flow sensor 1 is arranged on the drill rod 01;

[0108] The pump pressure sensor 2 is arranged on the drill rod 04;

[0109] The outlet flow sensor 3 is arranged on the slurry outlet pipe 03;

[0110] The inlet flow sensor 1 , the pump pressure sensor 2 , and the outlet flow sensor 3 are all connected to a computer 4 .

[0111] Preferably, the computer 4 is connected to an alarm 5 .

[0112] Preferably, the outlet flow sensor 3 is a pipeline electromagnetic flowmeter.

[0113] Embodiment 5:

[0114] A deep well leakage monitoring device for fractured formations, wherein a drill pipe 01 is arranged in a wellbore 02 of the deep well, and a slurry outlet pipe 03 connected to the wellbore 02 is arranged at the upper part of the wellbore 02;

[0115] The deep well leakage monitoring device comprises an inlet flow sensor 1, a pump pressure sensor 2, an outlet flow sensor 3, and a computer 4;

[0116] The inlet flow sensor 1 is arranged on the drill rod 01;

[0117] The pump pressure sensor 2 is arranged on the drill rod 04;

[0118] The outlet flow sensor 3 is arranged on the slurry outlet pipe 03;

[0119] The inlet flow sensor 1 , the pump pressure sensor 2 , and the outlet flow sensor 3 are all connected to a computer 4 .

[0120] Preferably, the computer 4 is connected to an alarm 5 .

[0121] Preferably, the outlet flow sensor 3 is a pipeline electromagnetic flowmeter.

[0122] Preferably, the inlet flow sensor 1 is an ultrasonic sensor.

[0123] Embodiment 6:

[0124] A deep well leakage monitoring device for fractured formations, wherein a drill pipe 01 is arranged in a wellbore 02 of the deep well, and a slurry outlet pipe 03 connected to the wellbore 02 is arranged at the upper part of the wellbore 02;

[0125] The deep well leakage monitoring device comprises an inlet flow sensor 1, a pump pressure sensor 2, an outlet flow sensor 3, and a computer 4;

[0126] The inlet flow sensor 1 is arranged on the drill rod 01;

[0127] The pump pressure sensor 2 is arranged on the drill rod 04;

[0128] The outlet flow sensor 3 is arranged on the slurry outlet pipe 03;

[0129] The inlet flow sensor 1 , the pump pressure sensor 2 , and the outlet flow sensor 3 are all connected to a computer 4 .

[0130] Preferably, the computer 4 is connected to an alarm 5 .

[0131] Preferably, the outlet flow sensor 3 is a pipeline electromagnetic flowmeter.

[0132] Preferably, the inlet flow sensor 1 is an external clamp-on ultrasonic sensor.

[0133] Embodiment 7:

[0134] A deep well leakage monitoring device for fractured formations, wherein a drill pipe 01 is arranged in a wellbore 02 of the deep well, and a slurry outlet pipe 03 connected to the wellbore 02 is arranged at the upper part of the wellbore 02;

[0135] The deep well leakage monitoring device comprises an inlet flow sensor 1, a pump pressure sensor 2, an outlet flow sensor 3, and a computer 4;

[0136] The inlet flow sensor 1 is arranged on the drill rod 01;

[0137] The pump pressure sensor 2 is arranged on the drill rod 04;

[0138] The outlet flow sensor 3 is arranged on the slurry outlet pipe 03;

[0139] The inlet flow sensor 1 , the pump pressure sensor 2 , and the outlet flow sensor 3 are all connected to a computer 4 .

[0140] Preferably, the computer 4 is connected to an alarm 5 .

[0141] Preferably, the outlet flow sensor 3 is a pipeline electromagnetic flowmeter.

[0142] Preferably, the inlet flow sensor 1 is an external clamp-on ultrasonic sensor.

[0143] Preferably, there are two external clamp-on ultrasonic sensors. Both external clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters are arranged on the outer wall of the drill pipe 01 .

[0144] Embodiment 8:

[0145] A deep well leakage monitoring device for fractured formations, wherein a drill pipe 01 is arranged in a wellbore 02 of the deep well, and a slurry outlet pipe 03 connected to the wellbore 02 is arranged at the upper part of the wellbore 02;

[0146] The deep well leakage monitoring device comprises an inlet flow sensor 1, a pump pressure sensor 2, and an outlet flow sensor 3;

[0147] The inlet flow sensor 1 is arranged on the drill rod 01;

[0148] The pump pressure sensor 2 is arranged on the drill rod 01;

[0149] The outlet flow sensor 3 is arranged on the slurry outlet pipe 03 .

[0150] Preferably, the deep well leakage monitoring device further comprises a computer 4;

[0151] The inlet flow sensor 1 , the pump pressure sensor 2 , and the outlet flow sensor 3 are all connected to a computer 4 .

[0152] Preferably, the computer 4 is connected to an alarm 5 .

[0153] Preferably, the outlet flow sensor 3 is a pipeline electromagnetic flowmeter.

[0154] Preferably, the inlet flow sensor 1 is an external clamp-on ultrasonic sensor.

[0155] Preferably, there are two external clamp-on ultrasonic sensors. Both external clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters are arranged on the outer wall of the drill pipe 01 .

[0156] Preferably, the distance between the two clamp-on ultrasonic flow meters is 20 to 30 cm.

[0157] Embodiment 9:

[0158] A method for monitoring leakage in a deep well in a fractured formation is implemented using the device for monitoring leakage in a deep well in a fractured formation in Example 2, Example 3, Example 4, Example 5, Example 6, Example 7, or Example 8, and includes the following steps:

[0159] Step 1: The inlet flow sensor 1, the pump pressure sensor 2, and the outlet flow sensor 3 are turned on synchronously, and data is transmitted to the computer 4 at every interval of Δt. The inlet flow sensor 1 transmits the drilling fluid inlet flow, the pump pressure sensor 2 transmits the pump pressure, and the outlet flow sensor 3 transmits the drilling fluid outlet flow;

[0160] Step 2: The computer 4 calculates the change rate K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate i And the rate of change of pump pressure difference K′ i ;

[0161]

[0162] In formula (1)

[0163] Δv i+1 =v i+1 -v′ i+1 (2)

[0164] Δv i =v i -v′ i (3)

[0165]

[0166] In formula (4)

[0167] Δp i+1 =p i+2 -p i+1 (5)

[0168] Δp i =p i+1 -p i (6)

[0169] in:

[0170] Δv i+1 is the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate at the i+1th time node;

[0171] Δv i is the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate at the i-th time node;

[0172] v i+1 is the drilling fluid outlet flow rate at the i+1th time node;

[0173] v′i+1 is the drilling fluid inlet flow rate at the i+1th time node;

[0174] v i is the drilling fluid outlet flow rate at the i-th time node;

[0175] v′ i is the drilling fluid inlet flow rate at the i-th time node;

[0176] Δp i+1 is the difference between the pump pressure at the i+2th time node and the pump pressure at the i+1th time node;

[0177] Δp i is the difference between the pump pressure at the i+1th time node and the pump pressure at the ith time node;

[0178] p i+2 is the pump pressure at the i+2th time node;

[0179] p i+1 is the pump pressure at the i+1th time node;

[0180] p i is the pump pressure at the i-th time node;

[0181] i is the time node;

[0182] Δt is the duration between adjacent time nodes;

[0183] Step 3: Based on the calculated rate of change K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate i And the rate of change of pump pressure difference K′ i Determine whether leakage or overflow occurs.

[0184] Preferably, in step 3, the calculated change rate K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate is i And the rate of change of pump pressure difference K′ i The method to determine whether leakage or overflow occurs is as follows:

[0185] When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′ i+2 , ..., K′ i+N Both are less than K m , and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N Both are less than K q When the well is leaking, it is judged as a leakage;

[0186] When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′i+2 , ..., K i ' +N Both are greater than K m , and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N Both are greater than K q When , it is judged as overflow;

[0187] Where: K m , K q Determined based on actual site conditions.

[0188] Preferably, in step 3, N≥2.

[0189] Preferably, in step 3, 2≤N≤4.

[0190] Preferably, in step 3, when it is determined that leakage or overflow occurs, the alarm 5 sounds an alarm.

[0191] The present invention obtains the pump pressure, drilling fluid inlet flow and drilling fluid outlet flow in real time through sensors and transmits them to a computer, which is then compared with a set threshold after calculation by the computer, thereby achieving the purpose of underground overflow and well leakage early warning; by transmitting data in real time, the timeliness of early warning monitoring is guaranteed. Compared with the traditional method of alarming through subjective judgment based on experience, the early warning accuracy is effectively improved, and well leakage overflow can be discovered and accurately predicted in time during the drilling process, thereby avoiding the occurrence of major accidents.

[0192] Embodiment 10:

[0193] The deep well leakage monitoring method in fractured formations in Example 9 was used to determine whether the well was leaking or overflowing in the SY-1 well in the study area.

[0194] First, the K corresponding to the SY-1 well m , K q To determine, do the following:

[0195] The logging parameters of SY-1 well are collected, among which the curve of pump pressure variation with time nodes of SY-1 well is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of SY-1 well changes with the time node as shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown;

[0196] Combined with the drilling log, the SY-1 well experienced overflow conditions after the 33rd time node;

[0197] like Figure 2 As shown, before the 33rd time node, it was a normal drilling state. After the 33rd time node, the pump pressure showed a downward trend and overflow conditions occurred.

[0198] according to Figure 3 It can be seen that before the 33rd time node, the difference between the well fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate fluctuated between 0.05 and 0.2, and its change trend was relatively stable. After the 33rd time node, the difference between the well fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate increased instantaneously, and an overflow condition occurred.

[0199] Calculate the K of the 33rd time node corresponding to the SY-1 well 33 and K′ 33 Value, where K 33 is 0.0421, K′ 33 is -0.0043;

[0200] Therefore, the K corresponding to the SY-1 well m -0.0043, K q It is 0.0421.

[0201] Then, the leakage monitoring method for deep wells in fractured formations in Example 9 is used to determine the leakage or overflow during the drilling of the SY-1 well in the study area, and the steps are as follows:

[0202] Step 11: The inlet flow sensor 1, the pump pressure sensor 2, and the outlet flow sensor 3 are turned on synchronously, and data is transmitted to the computer 4 at every interval of Δt. The inlet flow sensor 1 transmits the inlet flow rate of the drilling fluid of the SY-1 well, the pump pressure sensor 2 transmits the pump pressure of the SY-1 well, and the outlet flow sensor 3 transmits the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid of the SY-1 well;

[0203] Step 12: Computer 4 calculates the change rate K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of Well SY-1 i And the change rate of the pump pressure difference of SY-1 well K′ i ;

[0204] Step 13: Based on the calculated change rate K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of the SY-1 well i And the change rate of the pump pressure difference of SY-1 well K′ i Determine whether leakage or overflow occurs;

[0205] When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′ i+2 , ..., K′ i+N are all less than -0.0043, and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N When both are less than 0.0421, it is judged as lost circulation;

[0206] When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′ i+2 , ..., K′ i+N are greater than -0.0043, and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N When both are greater than 0.0421, it is judged as overflow.

[0207] Preferably, in step 3, N≥2.

[0208] Preferably, in step 3, 2≤N≤4.

[0209] Preferably, in step 3, when it is determined that leakage or overflow occurs, the alarm 5 sounds an alarm.

[0210] In Example 10, the pump pressure of the SY-1 well, the drilling fluid inlet flow rate and the drilling fluid outlet flow rate of the SY-1 well are obtained in real time by the sensor and transmitted to the computer. After calculation by the computer, they are compared with the set threshold value, so as to achieve the purpose of downhole overflow and well leakage early warning; by real-time transmission of data, the timeliness of early warning monitoring is guaranteed. Compared with the traditional alarm method based on subjective judgment based on experience, the early warning accuracy is effectively improved, and the leakage overflow can be discovered and accurately predicted in time during the drilling process of the SY-1 well, so as to avoid the occurrence of major accidents in the SY-1 well.

[0211] Embodiment 11:

[0212] The deep well leakage monitoring method in fractured formations in Example 9 was used to determine leakage or overflow in the MX-22 well in the study area.

[0213] First, the K corresponding to the MX-22 well m , K q To determine, do the following:

[0214] Collect the logging parameters of MX-22 well, where the curve of pump pressure change with time node of MX-22 well is as follows Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of the MX-22 well changes with the time node as shown in the figure. Figure 5 As shown;

[0215] Combined with the drilling log, Well MX-22 experienced a lost circulation condition after the 25th time node;

[0216] according to Figure 4 It can be seen that the pump pressure fluctuates slightly at the 0th to 25th time nodes, which is a normal working condition. At the 25th time node, the pump pressure drops, and a leakage condition occurs.

[0217] according to Figure 5 It can be seen that before the 25th time node, the change trend of the difference between the well fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate was relatively stable. After the 25th time node, the difference between the well fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate dropped rapidly, resulting in a lost circulation condition.

[0218] Calculate the K of the 25th time node corresponding to the MX-22 well 25 and K' 25 Value, where K 25 =-1.179, K' 25 is -0.02146;

[0219] Therefore, the K corresponding to the MX-22 well m =-0.02146, K q It is -1.179.

[0220] Then, the leakage monitoring method for deep wells in fractured formations in Example 9 is used to determine the leakage or overflow during the drilling of the MX-22 well in the study area, and the steps are as follows:

[0221] Step 11: The inlet flow sensor 1, the pump pressure sensor 2, and the outlet flow sensor 3 are turned on synchronously, and data is transmitted to the computer 4 at every interval of Δt. The inlet flow sensor 1 transmits the inlet flow rate of the drilling fluid of the MX-22 well, the pump pressure sensor 2 transmits the pump pressure of the MX-22 well, and the outlet flow sensor 3 transmits the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid of the MX-22 well;

[0222] Step 12: Computer 4 calculates the change rate K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of the MX-22 well i And the change rate of the MX-22 well pump pressure difference K′ i ;

[0223] Step 13: Based on the calculated change rate K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of the MX-22 well i And the change rate of the MX-22 well pump pressure difference K′ i Determine whether leakage or overflow occurs;

[0224] When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′ i+2 , ..., K′ i+N are all less than -0.02146, and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N When both are less than -1.179, it is judged as a lost circulation;

[0225] When K′ i , K′i+1 , K′ i+2 , ..., K′ i+N are greater than -0.02146, and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N When both are greater than -1.179, it is judged as overflow.

[0226] Preferably, in step 3, N≥2.

[0227] Preferably, in step 3, 2≤N≤4.

[0228] Preferably, in step 3, when it is determined that leakage or overflow occurs, the alarm 5 sounds an alarm.

[0229] In Example 11, the pump pressure of the MX-22 well, the drilling fluid inlet flow rate and the drilling fluid outlet flow rate of the MX-22 well are obtained in real time by sensors and transmitted to the computer. After calculation by the computer, they are compared with the set threshold value, so as to achieve the purpose of downhole overflow and well leakage early warning. By transmitting data in real time, the timeliness of early warning monitoring is guaranteed. Compared with the traditional method of alarming through subjective judgment based on experience, the early warning accuracy is effectively improved, and the leakage overflow can be discovered and accurately predicted in time during the drilling process of the MX-22 well, so as to avoid the occurrence of major accidents in the MX-22 well.

[0230] Embodiment 12:

[0231] The deep well leakage monitoring method in fractured formations in Example 9 was used to determine leakage or overflow in the GS-008 well in the study area.

[0232] First, the K corresponding to the GS-008 well m , K q To determine, do the following:

[0233] The logging parameters of GS-008 well were collected, and the curve of pump pressure variation with time nodes of GS-008 well is shown as follows: Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of Well GS-008 changes with time nodes as shown in the figure. Figure 7 As shown;

[0234] Combined with the drilling log, Well GS-008 experienced a lost circulation condition after the 60th time node;

[0235] according to Figure 6 It can be seen that the pump pressure fluctuates slightly at the 0th to 60th time nodes, which is a normal working condition. At the 60th time node, the pump pressure drops, and a leakage condition occurs.

[0236] according to Figure 7It can be seen that before the 60th time node, the difference between the well fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate showed a fluctuating upward state. After the 60th time node, the difference between the well fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate decreased significantly, resulting in a lost circulation condition.

[0237] Calculate the K of the 60th time node corresponding to the GS-008 well 60 and K' 60 Value, where K 60 =-0.15, K' 60 is -0.027;

[0238] Therefore, the K corresponding to the GS-008 well m -0.027, K q is -0.15.

[0239] Then, the leakage monitoring method for deep wells in fractured formations in Example 9 is used to determine the leakage or overflow during the drilling of the GS-008 well in the study area, and the steps are as follows:

[0240] Step 11: The inlet flow sensor 1, the pump pressure sensor 2, and the outlet flow sensor 3 are turned on synchronously, and data is transmitted to the computer 4 at every interval of Δt. The inlet flow sensor 1 transmits the inlet flow rate of the drilling fluid of the GS-008 well, the pump pressure sensor 2 transmits the pump pressure of the GS-008 well, and the outlet flow sensor 3 transmits the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid of the GS-008 well;

[0241] Step 12: Computer 4 calculates the change rate K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of Well GS-008 i And the change rate of GS-008 well pump pressure difference K i ';

[0242] Step 13: Based on the calculated change rate K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of well GS-008 i And the change rate of GS-008 well pump pressure difference K′ i Determine whether leakage or overflow occurs;

[0243] When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′ i+2 , ..., K′ i+N are all less than -0.027, and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N When both are less than -0.15, it is judged as lost circulation;

[0244] When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′i+2 , ..., K′ i+N are greater than -0.027, and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N When both are greater than -0.15, it is judged as overflow.

[0245] Preferably, in step 3, N≥2.

[0246] Preferably, in step 3, 2≤N≤4.

[0247] Preferably, in step 3, when it is determined that leakage or overflow occurs, the alarm 5 sounds an alarm.

[0248] In Example 12, the pump pressure of the GS-008 well, the drilling fluid inlet flow rate and the drilling fluid outlet flow rate of the GS-008 well are obtained in real time by sensors and transmitted to the computer. After calculation by the computer, they are compared with the set threshold value, so as to achieve the purpose of underground overflow and well leakage early warning. By transmitting data in real time, the timeliness of early warning monitoring is guaranteed. Compared with the traditional method of alarming through subjective judgment based on experience, the early warning accuracy is effectively improved, and the leakage overflow can be discovered and accurately predicted in time during the drilling process of the GS-008 well, so as to avoid the occurrence of major accidents in the GS-008 well.

[0249] Embodiment 13:

[0250] The deep well leakage monitoring method in fractured formations in Example 9 was used to determine whether the well was leaking or overflowing in the TF-2 well in the study area.

[0251] First, the K corresponding to the TF-2 well m , K q To determine, do the following:

[0252] Collect the logging parameters of TF-2 well, among which the curve of pump pressure change with time node of TF-2 well is as follows Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of the TF-2 well changes with the time node as shown in the figure. Fig. 9 As shown;

[0253] Combined with the drilling log, the TF-2 well experienced overflow conditions after the 15th time node;

[0254] according to Figure 8 It can be seen that the pump pressure fluctuates slightly at the 0th to 15th time nodes, which is a normal working condition. At the 15th time node, the pump pressure drops and an overflow condition occurs;

[0255] according to Fig. 9It can be seen that before the 15th time node, the difference between the well fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate fluctuated but did not show a significant increase. After the 15th time node, the difference between the well fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate fluctuated and increased, and an overflow condition occurred.

[0256] Calculate the K of the 15th time node corresponding to the TF-2 well 15 and K′ 15 Value, where K 15 is 1.584, K′ 15 is -0.00486;

[0257] Therefore, the K corresponding to the TF-2 well m =-0.00486, K q It is 1.584.

[0258] Then, the method for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations in Example 9 is used to determine leakage or overflow during the drilling of the TF-2 well in the study area, and the steps are as follows:

[0259] Step 11: The inlet flow sensor 1, the pump pressure sensor 2, and the outlet flow sensor 3 are turned on synchronously, and data is transmitted to the computer 4 at intervals of Δt. The inlet flow sensor 1 transmits the inlet flow rate of the drilling fluid of the TF-2 well, the pump pressure sensor 2 transmits the pump pressure of the TF-2 well, and the outlet flow sensor 3 transmits the outlet flow rate of the drilling fluid of the TF-2 well;

[0260] Step 12: Computer 4 calculates the change rate K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of the TF-2 well i And the change rate of the pump pressure difference of TF-2 well K′ i ;

[0261] Step 13: Based on the calculated change rate K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate of the TF-2 well i And the change rate of the pump pressure difference of TF-2 well K′ i Determine whether leakage or overflow occurs;

[0262] When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′ i+2 , ..., K′ i+N are all less than -0.00486, and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N When both are less than 1.584, it is judged as lost circulation;

[0263] When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′i+2 , ..., K′ i+N are greater than -0.00486, and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N When both are greater than 1.584, it is judged as overflow.

[0264] Preferably, in step 3, N≥2.

[0265] Preferably, in step 3, 2≤N≤4.

[0266] Preferably, in step 3, when it is determined that leakage or overflow occurs, the alarm 5 sounds an alarm.

[0267] In Example 13, the pump pressure of the TF-2 well, the drilling fluid inlet flow rate and the drilling fluid outlet flow rate of the TF-2 well are obtained in real time by sensors and transmitted to the computer. After calculation by the computer, they are compared with the set threshold value, so as to achieve the purpose of downhole overflow and well leakage early warning. By transmitting data in real time, the timeliness of early warning monitoring is guaranteed. Compared with the traditional alarm method based on subjective judgment based on experience, the early warning accuracy is effectively improved, and the leakage overflow can be discovered and accurately predicted in time during the drilling process of the TF-2 well, so as to avoid the occurrence of major accidents in the TF-2 well.

[0268] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep well leakage monitoring device for fractured formations, wherein a drill pipe is arranged in the wellbore of the deep well, and a slurry outlet pipe connected to the wellbore is arranged at the upper part of the wellbore; characterized in that: The deep well leakage monitoring device includes an inlet flow sensor, a pump pressure sensor, and an outlet flow sensor; The inlet flow sensor is arranged on the drill rod; The pump pressure sensor is arranged on the drill rod; The outlet flow sensor is arranged on the slurry outlet pipe.

2. The device for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deep well leakage monitoring device also includes a computer; The inlet flow sensor, pump pressure sensor and outlet flow sensor are all connected to the computer.

3. The device for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The computer is connected to the alarm.

4. The device for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet flow sensor is a pipeline electromagnetic flowmeter.

5. The device for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet flow sensor is an external clamp-on ultrasonic sensor.

6. The device for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are two external clamp-on ultrasonic sensors.

7. The device for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the two clamp-on ultrasonic flow meters is 20 to 30 cm.

8. A method for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations, characterized in that: The method is implemented by using the deep well leakage monitoring device for fractured formations as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 7, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The inlet flow sensor, pump pressure sensor, and outlet flow sensor are turned on synchronously, and data is transmitted to the computer at intervals of Δt. The inlet flow sensor transmits the drilling fluid inlet flow, the pump pressure sensor transmits the pump pressure, and the outlet flow sensor transmits the drilling fluid outlet flow; Step 2: The computer calculates the rate of change K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate i And the rate of change of pump pressure difference K' i ; In formula (1) Δv i+1 =v i+1 -v′ i+1 (2) Δv i =v i -v′ i (3) In formula (4) Δp i+1 =p i+2 -p i+1 (5) Δp i =p i+1 -p i (6) in: Δv i+1 is the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate at the i+1th time node; Δv i is the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate at the i-th time node; v i+1 is the drilling fluid outlet flow rate at the i+1th time node; v′ i+1 is the drilling fluid inlet flow rate at the i+1th time node; v i is the drilling fluid outlet flow rate at the i-th time node; v′ i is the drilling fluid inlet flow rate at the i-th time node; Δp i+1 is the difference between the pump pressure at the i+2th time node and the pump pressure at the i+1th time node; Δp i is the difference between the pump pressure at the i+1th time node and the pump pressure at the ith time node; p i+2 is the pump pressure at the i+2th time node; p i+1 is the pump pressure at the i+1th time node; p i is the pump pressure at the i-th time node; i is the time node; Δt is the duration between adjacent time nodes; Step 3: Based on the calculated rate of change K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate i And the rate of change of pump pressure difference K′ i Determine whether leakage or overflow occurs.

9. The method for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3, the calculated change rate K of the difference between the drilling fluid outlet flow rate and the drilling fluid inlet flow rate is i And the rate of change of pump pressure difference K′ i The method to determine whether leakage or overflow occurs is as follows: When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′ i+2 , ..., K′ i+N Both are less than K m , and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N Both are less than K q When the well is leaking, it is judged as a leakage; When K′ i , K′ i+1 , K′ i+2 , ..., K′ i+N Both are greater than K m , and K i , K i+1 , K i+2 , ..., K i+N Both are greater than K q When , it is judged as overflow; Where: K m , K q Determined based on actual site conditions.

10. The method for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 3, N≥2.

11. The method for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations according to claim 10, characterized in that: In step 3, 2≤N≤4.

12. The method for monitoring leakage in deep wells in fractured formations according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3, when it is determined that a leak or overflow occurs, the alarm sounds an alarm.

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