High-pressure gas well gas production profile logging instrument and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging instrument and method. The high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging instrument comprises a connector, a first centralizer, a shell and a second centralizer which are sequentially connected. The outer diameter of the connector and the outer diameter of the shell are both smaller than or equal to 35 mm, a measuring instrument is arranged in the shell, a circuit board is arranged in the measuring instrument, and the width of the circuit board is 2.5 cm. The tool can be lifted within the minimum inner diameter of 42 mm of a tubular column in a well, and gas production profile recording is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of oil and gas field development and relates to a high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging instrument and method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the formation pressure in the Bozi Dabei block of the Tarim Oilfield is high (above 100MPa), and some production wells are more than 7000m deep, which is an ultra-deep and ultra-high pressure gas reservoir. In order to grasp the output of each production layer in the production layer section of a single well, or the output of the water production layer section of a water production well, it is necessary to conduct gas production profile logging to meet the requirements of dynamic analysis of oil and gas reservoirs.

[0003] At present, the production wells in various blocks of the Boda Oil and Gas Development Department have high wellhead pressure and complex downhole pipes. Most of the production wells are more than 7,000 meters deep and the bottom hole pressure is greater than 105MPa. They are ultra-deep and ultra-high pressure gas fields. Some gas wells in Dabei, Keshen 5, Bozi and other blocks have obvious water invasion, and the gas production of each reservoir is unclear, which seriously affects the production capacity and recovery rate of the gas field. Due to the characteristics of the production wells in the blocks, the current dynamic detection technology mainly relies on well testing technology. Most production wells cannot carry out production profile logging. The existing detection methods are relatively simple and cannot meet the requirements of dynamic analysis of oil and gas reservoirs. It is urgent to use logging technology to carry out gas production profile logging to understand the production of each production layer in the single well production layer section. For water-producing wells, it is urgent to find the water-producing layer section so as to take the next step. However, the current production profile logging instruments at home and abroad are large in size. The minimum inner diameter of the well string in the Bozi Dabei block is 42mm, and the formation pressure can reach up to 144MPa. The current advanced production profile logging instruments at home and abroad are mainly Sondex's PLT production logging series instruments and Sondex series NTO noise logging instruments. The existing production profile logging instruments are large in size (most instruments have an outer diameter of 43mm, and very few instruments have an outer diameter of 38mm), and cannot be smoothly passed through the downhole string for gas production profile logging operations. Therefore, the existing equipment cannot meet the gas production profile operation of small inner diameter strings. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging instrument and method, which can be used to raise and lower the tool within the minimum inner diameter of the well pipe of 42mm to complete the recording of the gas production profile.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging instrument comprises a connector, a first centralizer, a housing and a second centralizer which are connected in sequence;

[0007] The outer diameters of the connector and the housing are both ≤35 mm. A measuring instrument is arranged in the housing. A circuit board is arranged in the measuring instrument. The width of the circuit board is 2.5 cm.

[0008] Preferably, the shell is made of TC18 titanium alloy.

[0009] Preferably, the shell wall thickness is 3.5 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the measuring instruments, including a magnetic locator, a natural gamma meter, a well temperature meter, a pressure meter, a flow meter, a water content meter, a density meter and a water holdup meter, are connected in series.

[0011] Preferably, the connector adopts a cable head, a data transmission short section is arranged in the housing, the cable head is connected to the cable, the cable is communicatively connected to the data transmission short section, and the data transmission short section is communicatively connected to the measuring instrument.

[0012] Preferably, the connector adopts a rope cap head, a battery and a storage short section are arranged in the shell, the rope cap head is connected with a steel wire, the storage short section is communicatively connected with the measuring instrument, and the battery is connected with the storage short section and the logging instrument.

[0013] A logging method based on the high-pressure gas well production profile logging instrument is provided. The high-pressure gas well production profile logging instrument is transported underground with a lifting and lowering speed not exceeding 50 m / min. After the logging instrument is lowered to the production layer, a total of 8 logging data are recorded at lifting and lowering speeds of 10 m / min, 15 m / min, 20 m / min, and 25 m / min, respectively. Flow and noise data are recorded at a stop point in the production layer to obtain logging data.

[0014] Preferably, the process of transporting the gas production profile logging instrument of the high-pressure gas well to the underground is: closing the test valve of the gas tree, removing the flange on the gas tree, and connecting the test flange; passing the cable or steel wire through the blowout preventer control head to the ground to connect the blowout preventer equipment at the wellhead; hoisting the blowout preventer equipment to the wellhead to connect the gas production profile logging instrument of the high-pressure gas well; connecting the blowout preventer equipment to the gas tree, and using a pressure test pump to pressure test the blowout preventer equipment; after the pressure test is qualified, opening the test valve of the gas tree, and transporting the production profile logging instrument to the underground via the cable or steel wire.

[0015] Preferably, when the logging instrument is connected to the cable, the measuring instrument sends the measured downhole data to the data transmission sub, and the data transmission sub sends the data to the surface equipment in real time through the cable.

[0016] Preferably, when the logging instrument is connected to the steel wire, the measuring instrument sends the measured logging data to the storage sub, and the storage sub stores the logging data. After the logging instrument is pulled back to the ground, the logging data in the storage sub is read.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention reduces the width of the circuit board from 3.5 cm to 2.5 cm, thereby reducing the overall outer diameter to 35 mm or less, thereby achieving the lifting and lowering of the tool within the minimum inner diameter of 42 mm of the well string and completing the recording of the gas production profile.

[0019] Furthermore, high-strength materials are used and the shell thickness is increased from the original 3.0mm to 3.5mm, thereby improving the pressure resistance performance and making it higher than 125MPa.

[0020] Furthermore, the cable not only carries the function of transporting downhole instruments, but also carries the function of supplying power and transmitting signals from the surface logging system to the downhole instruments. Therefore, cable logging can directly read the data recorded by the downhole instruments.

[0021] Furthermore, since the steel wire is not an armored structure, there is no gap between the steel wires, and the outer diameter of the steel wire is generally smaller than that of the cable, so dynamic sealing is much easier and the well control risk is much lower than that of the cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A first schematic diagram of a new measuring instrument circuit board of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A second schematic diagram of a new measuring instrument circuit board of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the temperature and pressure resistance results of the well logging instrument of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cable logging production profile logging instrument of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wire storage logging production profile logging instrument of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a wellbore structure diagram of the test well of the present invention.

[0028] Among them: 1-cable head; 2-first centralizer; 3-digital transmission short section; 4-measuring instrument; 5-second centralizer; 6-rope cap head; 7-battery; 8-storage short section; 9-logging cable; 10-logging instrument; 11-artificial bottom of the well; 12-packer; 13-casting plug; 14-ball seat; 15-casing; 16-downhole safety valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inside" and "outside" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0032] The present invention improves and develops a set of production profile logging instruments with an appearance size of ≤35mm, high temperature and pressure resistance indicators, and support for cable logging and wireline storage logging processes. By carrying out production profile logging in the block with the improved instrument, the problem of being unable to record gas production profile data of ultra-high pressure, ultra-deep, and complex tubing wells has been solved.

[0033] Difficulty in improvement: The diameter of the logging instrument 10 is 35 mm, the pressure resistance is 140 MPa, and the temperature resistance is 175°C. The technical parameters and accuracy of the logging instrument 10 must be consistent with those of the 43 mm logging instrument 10 according to technical indicators.

[0034] 1. Calculate the yield strength and thermal effect of the outer tube and joint materials. The original 17-4PH material of the logging instrument 10 shell was replaced with TC18 titanium alloy material.

[0035] 2. To improve the pressure resistance level, the outer shell of all logging instruments 10 is thickened from 3.0mm to 3.5mm.

[0036] 3. Based on the conventional measuring instrument 4, the new measuring instrument 4 reduces the skeleton of all electronic circuits, re-layouts the original printed circuit board electronic components, and reduces the width of the circuit board from the original 3.5cm to 2.5cm to adapt to the new measuring instrument 4 structure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0037] 4. Organize the processing and production of parts according to the design drawings. After all parts are inspected and qualified, they are assembled, samples are manufactured, and the samples are powered on to check the circuit working stability.

[0038] 5. During the prototype verification and confirmation phase, the products of the design project are verified and confirmed according to the requirements of the API Q1 quality management system. Instrument pressure test: 125MPa instrument heating test, 175℃ test results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown: the well logging instrument 10 is qualified in terms of temperature and pressure resistance.

[0039] The present application designs two sets of high-pressure gas well production profile logging instruments, namely, a cable logging production profile logging instrument and a steel wire storage logging production profile logging instrument.

[0040] Embodiment 1:

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the cable logging process is a process that uses the cable as a conveying tool and the hydraulic winch as a power source to convey the logging instrument 10 to the wellbore for data acquisition. If there is pressure at the wellhead of the production well, it is necessary to install a wellhead blowout prevention device to ensure that the wellhead is always in a sealed state during the cable lifting and lowering process. Therefore, it is necessary to pass the cable through the blowout prevention control head, connect the blowout preventer and the blowout preventer, and then place the logging instrument 10 in the blowout preventer. Finally, install the entire blowout prevention device to the gas / oil production tree, and inject the sealing grease into the gap between the blowout prevention control head and the cable through the grease injection pump to achieve dynamic sealing.

[0042] The cable logging production profile logging instruments are, from top to bottom, a cable head 1, a first centralizer 2, a digital transmission short section 3, a measuring instrument 4 and a second centralizer 5.

[0043] The first centralizer 2 and the second centralizer 5 are used to contact the inner wall of the pipe string to support and centralize the logging instrument 10. The cable head 1 is connected to a cable, the cable is communicatively connected to the digital transmission sub 3, the digital transmission sub 3 is communicatively connected to the measuring instrument 4, the measuring instrument 4 sends the measured downhole data to the digital transmission sub 3, and the digital transmission sub 3 sends the data to the ground equipment in real time through the cable.

[0044] A housing is connected between the first centralizer 2 and the second centralizer 5. The data transmission nipple 3 and the measuring instrument 4 are arranged inside the housing. The material of the housing is TC18 titanium alloy.

[0045] The wall thickness of the shell is 3.5 mm, the width of the circuit board of the measuring instrument 4 is 2.5 cm, and the outer diameters of the cable head 1 and the shell are both ≤35 mm.

[0046] The measuring instruments 4 include a magnetic locator (CCL), a natural gamma meter (GR), a well temperature meter (TEMP), a pressure meter (PRES), a flow meter (FL), a water content meter (HYD), a density meter (FLUD) and a water holdup meter, and the instruments are connected in series.

[0047] Advantages of wireline logging:

[0048] The cable not only carries the function of transporting the logging instrument 10 , but also carries the function of supplying power and transmitting signals from the ground logging system to the logging instrument 10 . Therefore, the cable logging can directly read the data recorded by the logging instrument 10 .

[0049] Disadvantages of wireline logging:

[0050] Since the cable is an armored structure with gaps between the steel wires, and the outer diameter of the cable is generally larger than that of the steel wires (common cable sizes are 5.6mm, 6.3mm, 8.0mm, and 11.8mm), dynamic sealing is more difficult than with steel wires. For wells with higher wellhead pressures, dynamic sealing at the wellhead is very difficult, and the risk of well control is high.

[0051] When the cable is wound on the drum, the logging instrument 10 is powered by the cable, so the cable itself generates a large capacitance which has a great impact on the ground system decoding. Therefore, if the cable is too long, the ground system cannot receive the signal of the logging instrument 10 at all.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, the wire storage logging process is a process that uses a wire as a conveying tool and a hydraulic winch as a power source to convey the logging instrument 10 to the wellbore for data acquisition. The logging instrument 10 needs to be powered when working, and the collected data needs to be stored on a medium, so a matching battery 7 and a storage sub 8 of the logging instrument 10 are required.

[0054] The wire storage production profile logging instrument comprises, from top to bottom, a rope cap head 6, a first centralizer 2, a battery 7, a storage short section 8, a measuring instrument 4 and a second centralizer 5.

[0055] The first centralizer 2 and the second centralizer 5 are used to contact the inner wall of the pipe column to support and centralize the logging instrument 10. The rope cap head 6 is connected with a steel wire. The storage pup joint 8 is connected to the measuring instrument 4 for communication. The output end of the battery 7 is connected to the power input end of the storage pup joint 8 and the measuring instrument 4 to supply power to the storage pup joint 8 and the measuring instrument 4. The measuring instrument 4 sends the measured logging data to the storage pup joint, and the storage pup joint 8 stores the logging data. After the logging instrument 10 is pulled back to the ground, the logging data in the storage pup joint 8 is read.

[0056] A shell is connected between the first centralizer 2 and the second centralizer 5. A battery 7, a storage sub 8 and a measuring instrument 4 are arranged inside the shell. The shell is made of TC18 titanium alloy.

[0057] The wall thickness of the shell is 3.5 mm, the width of the circuit board of the measuring instrument 4 is 2.5 cm, and the outer diameters of the rope cap head 6 and the shell are both ≤35 mm.

[0058] The measuring instruments 4 include a magnetic locator (CCL), a natural gamma meter (GR), a well temperature meter (TEMP), a pressure meter (PRES), a flow meter (FL), a water content meter (HYD), a density meter (FLUD) and a water holdup meter, and the instruments are connected in series.

[0059] Advantages of slickline storage logging:

[0060] Since the steel wire is not an armored structure, there is no gap between the steel wires, and the outer diameter of the steel wire is generally smaller than that of the cable (common steel wire sizes are 3.2mm, 3.8mm, and 4.0mm). Therefore, dynamic sealing is much easier and the well control risk is much lower than that of the cable.

[0061] Disadvantages of slickline storage logging:

[0062] The wireline storage logging cannot directly read the data recorded by the logging instrument 10, so the ground cannot judge whether the data recorded by the logging instrument 10 is qualified, nor can it be seen whether the logging instrument 10 is faulty. The only way to determine whether the logging data is qualified is to read the data of the storage short section 8 after the logging instrument 10 is raised from the wellhead.

[0063] like Figure 6 As shown, it is a wellbore structure diagram of the conventional test wells of the Boda Oil and Gas Development Department. From the figure, it can be seen that the completion strings of these wells are complex, with tools such as the fishing plug 13, and the inner diameter of the tools is small. The use of conventional 43mm and 38mm production profile logging instruments has a high risk of encountering obstructions and jams. The logging safety technology requires that the inner diameter of the string must be greater than the outer diameter of the logging instrument 10 by more than 7mm. The inner diameter of the string in this application is 43mm. For wells greater than 7500m and with higher wellhead pressure, the wireline storage logging technology can be used.

[0064] Logging cable 9: a tool used to transport logging instruments 10 and receive downhole signals.

[0065] Logging instrument 10: a tool used to collect downhole fluid and formation information. It is the above-mentioned cable logging output profile logging instrument or wireline storage logging output profile logging instrument.

[0066] Artificial well bottom 11: current well depth.

[0067] Packer 12: A downhole tool used to isolate the tubing and the annulus.

[0068] Fishing plug 13: A downhole tool used for wire fishing well testing, which is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe string.

[0069] Ball seat 14: At the end of the tubing, it is used as a downhole tool for ball-throwing and pressure-injection.

[0070] Casing 15: A steel pipe used to isolate the ground.

[0071] Downhole safety valve 16: Downhole tool for emergency well shut-in using a hydraulic control system.

[0072] Logging technology introduction:

[0073] Wellhead blowout prevention equipment and wellhead control equipment are installed, and a hydraulic logging winch is used as the power. The logging instrument 10 is transported to the well through the logging cable 9 or the steel wire, and the output profile data is recorded in the target layer underground.

[0074] Process flow:

[0075] ① Close the test valve of the gas tree, remove the flange on the gas tree, and connect the test flange.

[0076] ② Pass the logging cable 9 through the blowout prevention control head to the ground to connect to the wellhead blowout prevention equipment.

[0077] ③ Lift the blowout prevention equipment to the wellhead and connect it to the production profile logging instrument.

[0078] ④ Connect the blowout prevention equipment to the gas tree and use a pressure test pump to test the pressure of the blowout prevention equipment.

[0079] ⑤ After the pressure test is qualified, open the test valve of the gas tree, use the winch as the power to transport the production profile logging instrument to the underground through the cable or wire, and the lifting and lowering speed shall not exceed 50m / min.

[0080] ⑥ After the logging instrument 10 is lowered to the production layer, a total of 8 logging data are recorded at the speeds of 10m / min, 15m / min, 20m / min, and 25m / min, and finally the flow and noise data are recorded at the stop point in the production layer.

[0081] ⑦ After the downhole logging data is recorded, the output profile logging instrument will be lifted into the blowout prevention equipment.

[0082] ⑧ Close the test valve of the gas tree, release the pressure, and remove the blowout prevention equipment and production profile logging instruments.

[0083] The above process uses wireline logging to produce profile logging instruments.

[0084] In another embodiment of the present application, for wells with a depth greater than 7500m and a relatively high wellhead pressure, a steel wire storage logging technology can be used, using a steel wire storage production profile logging instrument, and replacing the logging cable 9 with a steel wire.

[0085] In another embodiment of the present application, the number of centralizers on the logging instrument 10 is increased from two to three to five, so as to ensure that the logging instrument 10 is centered in the tubing string and ensure that data can be recorded smoothly.

[0086] In another embodiment of the present application, another set of logging instruments 10 may be connected under the logging instrument 10, and the two sets may work together at the same time, and the measured data may be compared to ensure the accuracy of the data.

[0087] Normally, before logging, a well cleaning tool string needs to be lowered to clean the well to ensure that the inside of the pipe string is unobstructed, and then the logging instrument 10 is lowered.

[0088] In another embodiment of the present application, a well-drilling tool string can be directly connected under the logging instrument 10 to achieve the purpose of logging while drilling, which also saves one operation and improves operation efficiency.

[0089] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0090] It should be understood that the above description is for illustration and not for limitation. Many embodiments and many applications beyond the examples provided will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of the present teachings should not be determined with reference to the above description, but rather with reference to the foregoing claims and the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. For the purpose of comprehensiveness, all articles and references, including disclosures of patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the foregoing claims is not intended to be a waiver of such subject matter, nor should it be considered that the applicant has not considered such subject matter to be part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

Claims

1. A high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging instrument, characterized in that: It comprises a connector, a first centralizer (2), a housing and a second centralizer (5) which are connected in sequence; The outer diameters of the connector and the housing are both ≤35 mm, a measuring instrument (4) is arranged in the housing, a circuit board is arranged in the measuring instrument (4), and the width of the circuit board is 2.5 cm; When the logging instrument (10) is a cable logging output profile logging instrument, the connector is a cable head (1), a data transmission short section (3) is arranged in the housing, the cable head (1) is connected to a cable, the cable is communicatively connected to the data transmission short section (3), and the data transmission short section (3) is communicatively connected to the measuring instrument (4); When the logging instrument (10) adopts a steel wire storage production profile logging instrument, the connecting head adopts a rope cap head (6), a battery (7) and a storage short section (8) are arranged in the shell, the rope cap head (6) is connected with the steel wire, the storage short section (8) is communicatively connected with the measuring instrument (4), and the battery (7) is connected with the storage short section (8) and the measuring instrument (4).

2. The high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is made of TC18 titanium alloy.

3. The high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell wall thickness is 3.5mm.

4. The high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: Measuring instruments (4) include a magnetic locator, a natural gamma meter, a well temperature meter, a pressure meter, a flow meter, a water content meter, a density meter and a water holdup meter, each of which is connected in series.

5. A logging method based on the high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A high-pressure gas well production profile logging instrument is transported downhole, with a lifting and lowering speed not exceeding 50 m / min. After the logging instrument (10) is lowered to the production layer, eight logging data are recorded at lifting and lowering speeds of 10 m / min, 15 m / min, 20 m / min and 25 m / min, respectively. Flow rate and noise data are recorded at a stop point in the production layer to obtain logging data.

6. The high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process of transporting the gas production profile logging instrument of a high-pressure gas well to the underground is as follows: close the test valve of the gas tree, remove the flange on the gas tree, and connect the test flange; pass the cable or steel wire through the blowout preventer control head to the ground to connect to the blowout preventer at the wellhead; hoist the blowout preventer to the wellhead to connect the gas production profile logging instrument of the high-pressure gas well; connect the blowout preventer to the gas tree, and use a pressure test pump to pressure test the blowout preventer; after the pressure test is qualified, open the test valve of the gas tree, and transport the production profile logging instrument to the underground via the cable or steel wire.

7. The high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the logging instrument (10) is connected to the cable, the measuring instrument (4) sends the measured downhole data to the data transmission sub (3), and the data transmission sub (3) sends the data to the ground equipment in real time through the cable.

8. The high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the logging instrument (10) is connected to the steel wire, the measuring instrument (4) sends the measured logging data to the storage subsection, and the storage subsection (8) stores the logging data. After the logging instrument (10) is pulled back to the ground, the logging data in the storage subsection (8) is read.

9. The high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Another set of well logging instruments (10) is connected to the bottom of the well logging instrument (10), and the two sets of well logging instruments (10) are connected in series.

10. The high-pressure gas well gas production profile logging method according to claim 5, characterized in that: A well-drilling tool string is connected to the bottom of the well logging instrument (10), and well logging is performed while drilling the well.

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