Safety pressure relief system for explosion-proof cover of coal mine air shaft

Abstract

The invention discloses a safety pressure relief system for an explosion-proof cover of a coal mine air shaft, which is characterized in that when the safety pressure relief system is used and an explosion occurs in the coal mine, the explosion condition is detected through a coal mine safety monitoring system arranged in a background, and the extension end of a lifting hydraulic oil cylinder is immediately controlled to extend, so that one end of a pulling rope is driven to ascend; through the steering wheel and the traction wheel, the other end of the pulling rope drives the anti-explosion cover to actively ascend and open, so that active explosion venting is facilitated, and the anti-explosion cover is prevented from being damaged; when explosion venting is completed and air reversing needs to be carried out on a mine, the extending end of the pushing hydraulic oil cylinder is controlled to extend out to drive the pushing block to descend, then the pushing block actively applies downward pressure to the explosion-proof cover, the explosion-proof cover quickly descends and resets, and then the extending end of the locking hydraulic oil cylinder is controlled to extend out through the hydraulic control system. And the movable end of the supporting rod is pushed to rotate towards the explosion-proof cover and is propped against the upper surface of the contact plate, so that the explosion-proof cover is locked and is prevented from being pushed away under the action of air pressure in a mine to cause a reverse air short circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of coal mine safety, and in particular to a safety pressure relief system for explosion-proof covers of coal mine ventilation shafts. Background Art

[0002] In the coal mining industry, the implementation of the safety production license system has made ventilation safety a top priority. Among them, the explosion-proof cover that protects the main ventilation fan plays a key role. An explosion-proof cover is installed on the total return air shaft in front of the main ventilation fan of the mine. Its main function is to maintain air tightness under normal ventilation conditions to isolate the underground airflow from the ground atmosphere, thereby preventing airflow short circuit and ensuring the normal operation of the ventilation system. When a gas or coal dust explosion occurs underground, the explosion-proof cover is opened by the impact airflow, releasing the explosive airflow to the ground to prevent it from impacting the main ventilation fan, thereby ensuring the safety of the main ventilation fan. However, the explosion-proof cover currently used adopts a cone-shaped structure and has obvious defects. Although it is effective in protecting the main ventilation fan, after being subjected to the impact airflow, the explosion-proof cover often undergoes severe deformation and cannot be automatically reset, and can only rely on the installation of a spare explosion-proof cover. This process is not only time-consuming, but also because the explosion-proof cover is large in size, weighs several tons, and is located in a remote location, it takes precious time to reinstall the spare explosion-proof cover, which seriously affects the efficiency of emergency rescue. In the event of an accident, the on-duty personnel of the main ventilation fan need to adjust the wind direction within ten minutes. However, after receiving the reverse wind command, the on-duty personnel must immediately shut down the machine, brake the impeller, and send someone to lock the explosion-proof cover. The key to this process is to shorten the time to lock the explosion-proof cover. However, since it is necessary to go to the explosion-proof cover to install the pressure plate, the overall reverse wind time is prolonged, which may increase the loss of the accident. Therefore, a new type of coal mine wind shaft explosion-proof cover safety pressure relief system is urgently needed to solve the problem that the existing explosion-proof cover cannot automatically reset after being impacted and it takes a long time to install the spare explosion-proof cover, thereby improving the emergency response capability of the mine after an accident and ensuring ventilation safety. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a safety pressure relief system for a coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present application, a safety pressure relief system for explosion-proof cover of coal mine ventilation shaft comprises a support platform, a cylindrical seat, an explosion-proof cover, a support column, a traction rope and a counterweight, wherein the support platform is fixedly provided on the peripheral side of the coal mine ventilation shaft opening, a cylindrical seat is fixedly provided at the middle part of the support platform at the position of the ventilation shaft opening, an explosion-proof cover is placed on the top of the cylindrical seat, four support columns are fixedly provided on the support platform located on the outer peripheral side of the explosion-proof cover along its circumference evenly and equidistantly, a first support seat is fixedly provided on the top of each of the support columns, fixed pulleys are rotatably provided at both ends of the first support seat, the traction rope is wound around the fixed pulley, one end of the traction rope is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof cover and the other end is fixedly connected to the counterweight, each of the A second support seat is also fixedly provided on the top of the supporting column, and traction wheels are rotatably provided at both ends of the second supporting seat, a pulling rope is wound around the traction wheel, and one end of the pulling rope is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof cover and the other end of the pulling rope is passed around the bottom of the steering wheel rotatably arranged at the lower position on the side wall of the supporting column and fixedly provided on the protruding end of the vertically arranged lifting hydraulic cylinder. At least one mounting column is also vertically fixedly provided on the supporting platform located on the outer peripheral side of the explosion-proof cover, and a reset assembly is installed on the top of each mounting column, and the reset assembly is used to actively push the explosion-proof cover down, and a locking assembly is installed in the middle of the mounting column, and the locking assembly is used to lock the explosion-proof cover to prevent the explosion-proof cover from rising in reverse wind.

[0005] Preferably, the reset assembly includes a pushing hydraulic cylinder and a pushing block, the pushing hydraulic cylinder is vertically installed on the top of the mounting column, and the protruding end of the pushing hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged downward and fixed with a pushing block, and the pushing block is opposite to the upper surface of the explosion-proof cover.

[0006] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a mounting plate, a locking hydraulic cylinder and a support rod, a connecting channel is opened through the middle of the mounting column toward the explosion-proof cover, a mounting plate is fixedly provided on the side of the connecting channel away from the explosion-proof cover, a supporting reinforcement rib is fixedly provided at the bottom of the mounting plate, the mounting plate is horizontally arranged and a locking hydraulic cylinder is arranged thereon, the fixed end of the locking hydraulic cylinder is rotatably mounted on the outer end of the mounting plate, the protruding end of the locking hydraulic cylinder is extended toward the explosion-proof cover and is rotatably connected to the middle part of the support rod, the support rod is located on the side wall of the mounting column close to the explosion-proof cover, the upper end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the side wall of the mounting column and the lower end is a movable end.

[0007] Preferably, when the locking hydraulic cylinder is fully extended, the movable end of the support rod can contact the upper surface of the explosion-proof cover, and when the locking hydraulic cylinder is fully retracted, the support rod fits against the side wall of the mounting column.

[0008] Preferably, a contact plate is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the explosion-proof cover at a position directly below the pushing block, the shape of the upper surface of the contact plate is adapted to the shape of the lower surface of the pushing block, and limit baffles are vertically fixed on both sides of the contact plate, and the movable end of the support rod can contact the upper surface of the contact plate and be located between the limit baffles on both sides.

[0009] Preferably, a mounting seat is fixedly provided on the top of the mounting column, one end of the mounting seat extends above the explosion-proof cover, and the pushing hydraulic cylinder is vertically installed on the extended end of the mounting seat.

[0010] Preferably, an anti-derail roller is rotatably provided on the second support seat at a position above the traction wheel, a limiting roller is rotatably provided on the side wall of the support column at a position below the steering wheel, the pulling rope is located between the traction wheel and the anti-derail roller and between the steering wheel and the limiting roller, and the plane where the pulling rope is located is parallel to the plane where the traction rope is located.

[0011] Preferably, an extension platform is extended outside the support platform, the lifting hydraulic cylinder is vertically installed on the extension platform, and the extended end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is vertically arranged upward, and the vertical space where the lifting hydraulic cylinder is located does not interfere with the vertical space where the counterweight block is located.

[0012] Preferably, the lifting hydraulic cylinder, the pushing hydraulic cylinder and the locking hydraulic cylinder are controlled by an independently arranged hydraulic control system, and the control circuit of the hydraulic control system is connected to a coal mine safety monitoring system arranged in the background.

[0013] Preferably, protective shells are provided on the outer sides of the lifting hydraulic cylinder, the pushing hydraulic cylinder and the locking hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] The present application discloses a coal mine air shaft explosion-proof cover safety pressure relief system, which drives the explosion-proof cover to be actively lifted by the lifting hydraulic cylinder through a pulling rope, and pushes the explosion-proof cover to be actively reset by the pushing block through the pushing hydraulic cylinder, and locks the explosion-proof cover by the locking hydraulic cylinder through the supporting rod. When in use, when an explosion occurs underground in the coal mine, in order to prevent the explosion-proof cover from being passively opened by the impact airflow, it is necessary to actively open the explosion-proof cover for explosion relief, and then the explosion is detected by the coal mine safety monitoring system set up in the background, and the protruding end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is immediately controlled to extend through the hydraulic control system, thereby driving one end of the pulling rope to rise, and then the other end of the pulling rope drives the explosion-proof cover to actively rise and open through the steering wheel and the traction wheel, so as to actively relieve the explosion. , to prevent the impact airflow generated by the explosion in the coal mine from damaging the explosion-proof cover; when the explosion is vented, the mine needs to be reversed, and then the explosion-proof cover needs to be quickly and actively closed to avoid being lifted up by wind pressure. At this time, the hydraulic control system controls the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder to extend and then drive the pushing block to descend, so that the pushing block pushes the contact plate on the explosion-proof cover downward and actively applies downward pressure to the explosion-proof cover, so that the explosion-proof cover can quickly descend and reset, and then the hydraulic control system controls the extended end of the locking hydraulic cylinder to extend, and then push the active end of the support rod to rotate toward the explosion-proof cover and conflict with the upper surface of the contact plate, thereby locking the explosion-proof cover to prevent it from being pushed open under the action of the air pressure in the mine and causing a reverse wind short circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a coal mine air shaft explosion-proof cover in the prior art.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a stereoscopic diagram of a safety pressure relief system for a coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a top view of a safety pressure relief system for a coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the positions of a pulling rope and a traction rope of a safety pressure relief system for a coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a partial stereoscopic diagram of the positions of the pulling rope and the traction rope of the safety pressure relief system of the explosion-proof cover of a coal mine ventilation shaft according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of a reset component and a locking component of a safety pressure relief system for a coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 7It is a cross-sectional view of a locking assembly of a safety pressure relief system for a coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover according to an embodiment of the present application after it is opened.

[0022] Figure 8 It is a partial stereoscopic diagram of a reset component and a locking component of a safety pressure relief system for a coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Fig. 9 It is a stereoscopic diagram of an actively opened explosion-proof cover of a coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover safety pressure relief system according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] 1. Support platform; 2. Cylinder seat; 3. Explosion-proof cover; 4. Support column; 401. First support seat; 402. Fixed pulley; 403. Second support seat; 404. Traction wheel; 405. Steering wheel; 406. Anti-derailment roller; 407. Limit roller; 5. Traction rope; 6. Counterweight; 7. Pull rope; 8. Reset assembly; 801. Push hydraulic cylinder; 802. Push block; 9. Locking assembly; 901. Mounting plate; 902. Locking hydraulic cylinder; 903. Support rod; 10. Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 11. Mounting column; 1101. Connecting channel; 1102. Mounting seat; 12. Contact plate; 13. Limit baffle; 14. Extension platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the content of this application easier to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to the attached drawings. Figure 2 In the context of the present invention, the words "inside" and "outside" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a particular component, respectively. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the existing explosion-proof cover device for coal mine ventilation shaft comprises a support platform 1, a cylindrical seat 2, an explosion-proof cover 3, a support column 4, a traction rope 5 and a counterweight 6. The support platform 1 is fixedly provided with a peripheral side of the coal mine ventilation shaft wellhead. A cylindrical seat 2 is fixedly provided at the middle of the support platform 1 at the wellhead position of the ventilation shaft. The top of the cylindrical seat 2 is covered with an explosion-proof cover 3. Four support columns 4 are evenly and equidistantly fixed along the circumference of the support platform 1 located on the outer peripheral side of the explosion-proof cover 3. A first support seat 401 is fixedly provided on the top of each support column 4. The first support Fixed pulleys 402 are rotatably provided at both ends of the support seat 401, a traction rope 5 is wound around the fixed pulley 402, one end of the traction rope 5 is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof cover 3 and the other end thereof is fixedly connected to the counterweight 6, the total weight of the four counterweights 6 is less than the weight of the explosion-proof cover 3, and the design requires that the explosion-proof cover 3 can be easily opened to vent the explosion when it is subjected to the impact airflow generated by the explosion underground in the coal mine, and after the explosion venting is completed, the explosion-proof cover 3 can overcome the total gravity of the four counterweights 6 by its own gravity and is placed on the cylindrical seat 2.

[0027] like Figure 2 to Figure 9 As shown, a safety pressure relief system for explosion-proof cover of coal mine ventilation shaft of the present application is provided, and a second support seat 403 is fixedly provided on the top of each support column 4, and traction wheels 404 are rotatably provided at both ends of the second support seat 403, and a pulling rope 7 is wound around the top of the traction wheel 404, and one end of the pulling rope 7 is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof cover 3 and the other end of the pulling rope 7 is passed around the bottom of the steering wheel 405 rotatably provided on the lower position of the side wall of the support column 4 and fixedly provided at the protruding end of the vertically provided lifting hydraulic cylinder 10, an extension platform 14 is extended outside the support platform 1, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder 10 is vertically installed on the extension platform 14, and the lifting hydraulic The extended end of the oil cylinder 10 is arranged vertically upward, and the vertical space where the lifting hydraulic oil cylinder 10 is located does not interfere with the vertical space where the counterweight 6 is located; the second support seat 403 is located above the traction wheel 404 and is rotatably provided with an anti-derail roller 406, and the side wall of the support column 4 is located below the steering wheel 405 and is rotatably provided with a limiting roller 407, and the pulling rope 7 is located between the traction wheel 404 and the anti-derail roller 406 and between the steering wheel 405 and the limiting roller 407, so as to avoid the pulling rope 7 from falling off the traction wheel 404 and the steering wheel 405, and the plane where the pulling rope 7 is located is parallel to the plane where the traction rope 5 is located.

[0028] At least one mounting column 11 is vertically fixed on the support platform 1 located on the outer peripheral side of the explosion-proof cover 3, and a mounting seat 1102 is fixed on the top of each mounting column 11. One end of the mounting seat 1102 extends above the explosion-proof cover 3, and a reset component 8 is installed on the extended end of the mounting seat 1102. The reset component 8 is used to actively push the explosion-proof cover 3 down; specifically, the reset component 8 includes a pushing hydraulic cylinder 801 and a pushing block 802. The pushing hydraulic cylinder 801 is vertically installed on the top of the mounting column 11, and the protruding end of the pushing hydraulic cylinder 801 is vertically arranged downward and fixed with a pushing block 802, and the pushing block 802 is directly opposite to the upper surface of the explosion-proof cover 3.

[0029] A locking assembly 9 is installed in the middle of the mounting column 11, and the locking assembly 9 is used to lock the explosion-proof cover 3 to prevent the explosion-proof cover 3 from rising when the wind is reversed; specifically, the locking assembly 9 includes a mounting plate 901, a locking hydraulic cylinder 902 and a support rod 903, and a connecting channel 1101 is opened through the middle of the mounting column 11 toward the explosion-proof cover 3, and a mounting plate 901 is fixedly provided on the side of the connecting channel 1101 away from the explosion-proof cover 3, and a supporting reinforcement rib is fixedly provided at the bottom of the mounting plate 901, and the mounting plate 901 is horizontally arranged and a locking hydraulic cylinder 902 is arranged thereon, and the locking hydraulic cylinder 90 2 is rotatably mounted on the outer end of the mounting plate 901, the protruding end of the locking hydraulic cylinder 902 is extended toward the explosion-proof cover 3 and is rotatably connected to the middle of the support rod 903, the support rod 903 is located on the side wall of the mounting column 11 close to the explosion-proof cover 3, and the upper end of the support rod 903 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the mounting column 11 and the lower end is a movable end. When the locking hydraulic cylinder 902 is fully extended, the movable end of the support rod 903 can contact the upper surface of the explosion-proof cover 3, and when the locking hydraulic cylinder 902 is fully retracted, the support rod 903 fits against the side wall of the mounting column 11.

[0030] Specifically, a contact plate 12 is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the explosion-proof cover 3 at a position directly below the push block 802. The shape of the upper surface of the contact plate 12 is adapted to the shape of the lower surface of the push block 802. Limit baffles 13 are vertically fixed on both sides of the contact plate 12. The movable end of the support rod 903 can contact the upper surface of the contact plate 12 and be located between the limit baffles 13 on both sides. This design enables the support rod 903 to limit the explosion-proof cover 3 through the limiting effect between the limit baffles 13.

[0031] Specifically, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 10, the pushing hydraulic cylinder 801 and the locking hydraulic cylinder 902 are controlled by an independently set hydraulic control system, and the control circuit of the hydraulic control system is connected to the coal mine safety monitoring system set in the background. Among them, the coal mine safety monitoring system in the background is an existing system, and the connection between the hydraulic control system and the coal mine safety monitoring system is realized through a programming program. The control mode of the safety pressure relief system of the explosion-proof cover 3 is hydraulic system control, and the hydraulic power is automatically stored. It has low dependence on the power supply environment. Even in the case of a large-scale power outage in the mine, the explosion-proof cover 3 can still be opened and closed normally to realize the active explosion relief function.

[0032] Specifically, protective shells are provided on the outside of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 10 , the pushing hydraulic cylinder 801 and the locking hydraulic cylinder 902 , thereby providing protection for the lifting hydraulic cylinder 10 , the pushing hydraulic cylinder 801 and the locking hydraulic cylinder 902 .

[0033] Working principle: When in use, when an explosion occurs in the coal mine, in order to prevent the explosion-proof cover 3 from being passively opened by the impact airflow, the explosion-proof cover 3 needs to be actively opened to vent the explosion, and then the explosion is detected by the coal mine safety monitoring system set in the background, and the extended end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 10 is immediately controlled by the hydraulic control system to extend, thereby driving one end of the pulling rope 7 to rise, and then the other end of the pulling rope 7 drives the explosion-proof cover 3 to actively rise and open through the steering wheel 405 and the traction wheel 404, so as to actively vent the explosion and avoid the impact airflow generated by the fine explosion in the coal mine to damage the explosion-proof cover 3 and reflect the impact airflow; when the explosion is vented, the mine needs to be reversed, and then The explosion-proof cover 3 needs to be closed quickly and actively to avoid being lifted up by wind pressure. At this time, the hydraulic control system controls the extended end of the hydraulic cylinder 801 to extend, thereby driving the pushing block 802 to descend, so that the pushing block 802 pushes the contact plate 12 on the explosion-proof cover 3 downward, thereby actively applying downward pressure to the explosion-proof cover 3, so that the explosion-proof cover 3 can be quickly lowered and reset. Then, the hydraulic control system controls the extended end of the locking hydraulic cylinder 902 to extend, thereby pushing the active end of the support rod 903 to rotate toward the explosion-proof cover 3 and contacting the upper surface of the contact plate 12, thereby locking the explosion-proof cover 3 to prevent it from being pushed open under the action of the air pressure in the mine and causing a reverse wind short circuit.

[0034] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the embodiments of the present application are described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents, without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A safety pressure relief system for explosion-proof cover of coal mine ventilation shaft, comprising a support platform (1), a cylindrical seat (2), an explosion-proof cover (3), a support column (4), a traction rope (5) and a counterweight (6), wherein the support platform (1) is fixedly provided with a peripheral side of the coal mine ventilation shaft opening, a cylindrical seat (2) is fixedly provided in the middle of the support platform (1) at the position of the ventilation shaft opening, an explosion-proof cover (3) is provided on the top of the cylindrical seat (2), and the support platform (1) located on the outer peripheral side of the explosion-proof cover (3) is provided with a cylindrical seat (2) at the top of the cylindrical seat (2). ) is evenly and equidistantly fixedly provided with four support columns (4) along its circumference, and a first support seat (401) is fixedly provided on the top of each support column (4), and fixed pulleys (402) are rotatably provided at both ends of the first support seat (401), and the traction rope (5) is wound around the fixed pulley (402), and one end of the traction rope (5) is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof cover (3) and the other end thereof is fixedly connected to the counterweight block (6), characterized in that: A second support seat (403) is fixedly provided on the top of each support column (4), and traction wheels (404) are rotatably provided at both ends of the second support seat (403). A pulling rope (7) is wound around the top of the traction wheel (404), and one end of the pulling rope (7) is fixedly connected to the explosion-proof cover (3) and the other end of the pulling rope (7) is wound around the bottom of the steering wheel (405) rotatably provided on the lower position of the side wall of the support column (4) and fixedly provided on the vertically provided lifting hydraulic cylinder (1 0), at least one mounting column (11) is vertically fixed on the support platform (1) located on the outer peripheral side of the explosion-proof cover (3), a reset component (8) is installed on the top of each of the mounting columns (11), and the reset component (8) is used to actively push the explosion-proof cover (3) down, and a locking component (9) is installed in the middle of the mounting column (11), and the locking component (9) is used to lock the explosion-proof cover (3) to prevent the explosion-proof cover (3) from rising when the wind is against the wind.

2. A coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover safety pressure relief system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset assembly (8) comprises a pushing hydraulic cylinder (801) and a pushing block (802); the pushing hydraulic cylinder (801) is vertically mounted on the top of the mounting column (11); and the protruding end of the pushing hydraulic cylinder (801) is vertically arranged downward and fixed with a pushing block (802); the pushing block (802) is directly opposite to the upper surface of the explosion-proof cover (3).

3. A coal mine air shaft explosion-proof cover safety pressure relief system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking assembly (9) comprises a mounting plate (901), a locking hydraulic cylinder (902) and a supporting rod (903); a connecting passage (1101) is provided through the middle of the mounting column (11) towards the explosion-proof cover (3); a mounting plate (901) is fixedly provided on a side of the connecting passage (1101) away from the explosion-proof cover (3); a supporting reinforcing rib is fixedly provided on the bottom of the mounting plate (901); the mounting plate (901) is arranged horizontally and a locking hydraulic cylinder (902) is arranged on the mounting plate (901); 902), the fixed end of the locking hydraulic cylinder (902) is rotatably mounted on the outer end of the mounting plate (901), the protruding end of the locking hydraulic cylinder (902) is extended toward the explosion-proof cover (3) and is rotatably connected to the middle of the support rod (903), the support rod (903) is located on the side wall of the mounting column (11) close to the explosion-proof cover (3), and the upper end of the support rod (903) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the mounting column (11) and the lower end is a movable end.

4. A coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover safety pressure relief system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the locking hydraulic cylinder (902) is fully extended, the movable end of the support rod (903) can contact the upper surface of the explosion-proof cover (3); when the locking hydraulic cylinder (902) is fully retracted, the support rod (903) fits against the side wall of the installation column (11).

5. A coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover safety pressure relief system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A contact plate (12) is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the explosion-proof cover (3) at a position directly below the push block (802); the shape of the upper surface of the contact plate (12) matches the shape of the lower surface of the push block (802); limit baffles (13) are vertically fixedly provided on both sides of the contact plate (12); and the movable end of the support rod (903) is capable of contacting the upper surface of the contact plate (12) and being located between the limit baffles (13) on both sides.

6. A coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover safety pressure relief system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting seat (1102) is fixedly provided on the top of the mounting column (11), one end of the mounting seat (1102) extends above the explosion-proof cover (3), and the pushing hydraulic cylinder (801) is vertically installed on the extended end of the mounting seat (1102).

7. A coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover safety pressure relief system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-derail roller (406) is rotatably provided on the second support seat (403) at a position above the traction wheel (404); a limiting roller (407) is rotatably provided on the side wall of the support column (4) at a position below the steering wheel (405); the pulling rope (7) is located between the traction wheel (404) and the anti-derail roller (406) and between the steering wheel (405) and the limiting roller (407); and the plane where the pulling rope (7) is located is parallel to the plane where the traction rope (5) is located.

8. A coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover safety pressure relief system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extension platform (14) is extended outside the support platform (1), the lifting hydraulic cylinder (10) is vertically installed on the extension platform (14), and the extended end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (10) is arranged vertically upward, and the vertical space where the lifting hydraulic cylinder (10) is located does not interfere with the vertical space where the counterweight block (6) is located.

9. A coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover safety pressure relief system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting hydraulic cylinder (10), the pushing hydraulic cylinder (801) and the locking hydraulic cylinder (902) are controlled by an independently arranged hydraulic control system, and the control circuit of the hydraulic control system is connected to a coal mine safety monitoring system arranged in the background.

10. A coal mine ventilation shaft explosion-proof cover safety pressure relief system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lifting hydraulic cylinder (10), the pushing hydraulic cylinder (801) and the locking hydraulic cylinder (902) are all provided with protective shells on their outer sides.

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