Top combustion type integrated waste heat boiler
By using a slow flow zone and layered box combined with filter design in the top-fired integrated waste heat boiler, the problems of low efficiency and high maintenance cost of traditional bag dust collectors are solved, and the effect of efficient dust removal and reducing maintenance costs is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411578221.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-07
AI Technical Summary
The efficiency of traditional bag dust collectors when removing soot particles is limited by the particle size and bag material, and the maintenance cost is high due to frequent replacement of bags.
A top-fired integrated waste heat boiler was designed. By setting a slow flow zone and a layered box at the end of the exhaust pipe, the combined structure of gravity layering and filtering can be used to achieve accurate capture and filtration of soot particles and extend the filtering net. Service life.
Improve dust removal efficiency, reduce pollution, reduce maintenance costs, and extend the service life of the filter.
Smart Images
Figure CN119267874A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a top-fired integrated waste heat boiler, belonging to the technical field of boiler equipment. Background Art
[0002] In traditional boiler systems, dust removal is a crucial link, which is directly related to the operating efficiency, environmental protection and maintenance costs of the boiler. One of the commonly used dust removal methods is the bag filter, which mainly captures soot particles in the gas through the filtering effect of the bag surface. However, although the bag filter can effectively remove dust to a certain extent, its dust removal efficiency is often limited by factors such as the size of the particles and the material and structure of the bag. In addition, during the use of the bag filter, due to the accumulation of dust and the wear of the bag, the bag needs to be replaced frequently, which undoubtedly increases the maintenance cost and time cost.
[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a top-fired integrated waste heat boiler. Summary of the invention
[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a top-fired integrated waste heat boiler to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a top-fired integrated waste heat boiler, comprising:
[0006] A boiler body, wherein a furnace is arranged in the boiler body;
[0007] An air inlet, the air inlet being provided at the top of the furnace and used for introducing gas into the interior of the furnace;
[0008] an incinerator, wherein the incinerator is mounted on the air inlet;
[0009] An exhaust pipe, which is arranged at the bottom of the furnace and is used to discharge the gas inside the furnace;
[0010] Among them, the exhaust pipe is arranged horizontally, and a slow flow area for stratifying ash particles of different sizes is arranged at one end of the exhaust pipe away from the furnace, and a stratification box is arranged at one end of the slow flow area away from the furnace. The stratification box is provided with a plurality of stratification channels connected with the slow flow area, and the plurality of stratification channels are arranged up and down, and a filter is arranged on each stratification channel, and the mesh size of the filter is smaller in the upper stratification channel.
[0011] Preferably, the stratified channel includes a horizontal channel and a vertical channel, one end of the horizontal channel is connected to the slow flow area, a collection box for collecting ash is detachably provided below the vertical channel, and the filter is installed at the connection between the horizontal channel and the vertical channel.
[0012] Preferably, the filter is arranged in an arc shape, and the inner arc surface of the filter that intercepts dust faces downward.
[0013] Preferably, the inner top wall of the horizontal channel is provided with a first guide wall, which is inclined downward from an end close to the slow flow area to an end away from the slow flow area, and the inner bottom wall of the horizontal channel is provided with a second guide wall at an end away from the slow flow area for guiding the smoke upward.
[0014] Preferably, the stratification box is rotatably connected to the side wall of the exhaust pipe, and a sealing frame is slidably connected to the side wall of the exhaust pipe. When the stratification box is rotated to make the horizontal track in a horizontal position, the sealing frame can fix the stratification box.
[0015] Preferably, a dust raising wall for raising the smoke obliquely upward is provided on the inner bottom wall of one end of the exhaust pipe close to the slow flow zone.
[0016] Preferably, the furnace comprises a first furnace chamber, a second furnace chamber and a third furnace chamber, the first furnace chamber, the second furnace chamber and the third furnace chamber are arranged vertically and closely in sequence and connected end to end, the air inlet is arranged at the top of the first furnace chamber, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the incinerator is directly discharged into the first furnace chamber, and an internal casting layer is arranged in the first furnace chamber.
[0017] Preferably, the exhaust pipe is arranged at the bottom of the third furnace chamber, and an economizer for cooling the gas is butt-mounted on the exhaust pipe. A heat exchange tube is installed in the second furnace chamber, and the heat exchange tube is installed to the second furnace chamber with a convection heating surface arrangement structure. A plurality of evaporators are installed in the third furnace chamber, and a steam drum is installed above the boiler body. The boiler body is composed of a membrane water-cooled wall. The economizer, membrane water-cooled wall, heat exchange tube, evaporator and steam drum constitute a heat exchange evaporation mechanism and output steam to the outside through the steam drum.
[0018] Compared with existing technologies:
[0019] The present invention uses a slow flow zone set at the end of the exhaust pipe, and its larger cross-section effectively slows down the flow rate of the gas discharged from the furnace, so that the soot particles in the gas can be naturally stratified based on the effect of gravity. Large soot particles settle quickly due to their large weight, while small particles settle relatively slowly, thereby forming a stratified layout from fine to coarse in the slow flow zone. In the stratification box, the horizontal channel is combined with the vertical channel, and each layer of the stratification channel is equipped with a filter screen, and the mesh size of the filter screen decreases according to the level, ensuring that soot particles of different particle sizes can be accurately captured. This layered filtration not only improves the dust removal efficiency and reduces pollution to the boiler interior and the surrounding environment, but also extends the service life of the filter screen and reduces the maintenance cost caused by frequent replacement of the filter screen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1It is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 3 It is a front view of the exhaust pipe, the stratification box and the collection box of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exhaust pipe, the stratification box and the collection box of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the stratification box after rotation of the present invention.
[0025] In the figure:
[0026] 1. Boiler body;
[0027] 101. Furnace;
[0028] 1011, a first furnace cavity, 1012, a second furnace cavity, 1013, a third furnace cavity;
[0029] 102. Air inlet;
[0030] 2. incinerator, 3. exhaust pipe, 301. slow flow area, 302. dust wall;
[0031] 4. Layered box, 401, layered road;
[0032] 4011, horizontal track, 4012, vertical track, 4013, first guide wall, 4014, second guide wall;
[0033] 5. Filter, 6. Collection box, 7. Sealing frame;
[0034] 8. Economizer, 9. Casting layer, 10. Heat exchange tubes, 11. Evaporator, 12. Membrane water-cooled wall, 13. Steam drum. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] The present invention is described below with specific embodiments, but they are not intended to be limiting of the invention.
[0036] Embodiment 1
[0037] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, a top-fired integrated waste heat boiler is provided, including a boiler body 1, in which a furnace 101 is arranged; an air inlet 102 is opened at the top of the furnace 101, and the air inlet 102 is used to introduce gas into the interior of the furnace 101; an incinerator 2 is installed on the air inlet 102; an exhaust pipe 3 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace 101, and the exhaust pipe 3 discharges the gas inside the furnace 101; wherein, the exhaust pipe 3 is arranged horizontally, and a slow flow area 301 for stratifying ash particles of different sizes is arranged at one end of the exhaust pipe 3 away from the furnace 101, and a stratification box 4 is arranged at one end of the slow flow area 301 away from the furnace 101, and a plurality of stratification channels 401 connected to the slow flow area 301 are arranged on the stratification box 4, and the plurality of stratification channels 401 are arranged up and down, and each stratification channel 401 is provided with a filter 5, and the mesh of the filter 5 is smaller in the upper stratification channel 401.
[0038] Embodiment 2
[0039] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, on the basis of embodiment one, the layered channel 401 of this embodiment includes a horizontal channel 4011 and a vertical channel 4012, one end of the horizontal channel 4011 is connected to the slow flow area 301, and a collection box 6 for collecting ash is detachably provided below the vertical channel 4012, and the filter 5 is installed at the connection between the horizontal channel 4011 and the vertical channel 4012.
[0040] After the gas in the furnace 101 enters the exhaust pipe 3, the cross-section of the slow flow area 301 is larger than the cross-section of the exhaust pipe 3, and the flow of the gas entering the slow flow area 301 slows down. At this time, the dust in the gas is freely settled in the slow flow area 301 under the action of gravity, so that large particles of dust fall quickly and small particles of dust fall slowly, causing the dust in the slow flow area 301 to present a stratified state that gradually increases from top to bottom. In this state, the dust moves toward the stratified channel 401 in the slow flow area 301. During the movement, the flue gas enters the horizontal channel 4011 of the stratified channel 401, and dust of different sizes enters the corresponding horizontal channel 4011. When the flue gas moves to the connection position of the horizontal channel 4011 and the vertical channel 4012, the filter 5 intercepts the dust. The stratified filtration method not only reduces the pollution of dust to the boiler and the environment, but also extends the service life of the filter 5 and reduces the maintenance cost. The intercepted dust will fall along the vertical channel 4012 and is finally collected inside the collection box 6, and the air is discharged to the outside from the filter 5.
[0041] The filter screen 5 is arranged in an arc shape, and the inner arc surface of the filter screen 5 for intercepting dust faces downward.
[0042] When the smoke flows to the connection position of the horizontal channel 4011 and the vertical channel 4012, the smoke is at the inner arc surface of the corresponding filter 5, the gas passes through the inner arc surface of the filter 5, and the dust is intercepted on the inner arc surface of the filter 5. The inner arc surface of the filter 5 faces downward, which is conducive to the falling of dust. Due to the effect of gravity, the dust intercepted on the filter 5 will fall smoothly to the vertical channel 4012 and finally be collected in the collection box 6, thereby ensuring the continuous passability of the filter 5 and avoiding the occurrence of blockage.
[0043] The inner top wall of the horizontal channel 4011 is provided with a first guide wall 4013, and the first guide wall 4013 is inclined downward from an end close to the slow flow area 301 to an end away from the slow flow area 301. The inner bottom wall of the horizontal channel 4011 is provided with a second guide wall 4014 for guiding the smoke upward at an angle at the end away from the slow flow area 301. The addition of the first guide wall 4013 causes the horizontal channel 4011 to be V-shaped, that is, the farther away from the slow flow area 301, the smaller the cross-section is. When the gas flows in the horizontal channel 4011, the smaller the flow space is, the faster the gas will flow, and then the accelerated gas will pass through the guidance of the second guide wall 4014, and the smoke will be guided upward at an angle to the filter 5, which is conducive to the rapid discharge of the gas from the filter 5.
[0044] The stratification box 4 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the exhaust pipe 3, and a sealing frame 7 is slidably connected to the side wall of the exhaust pipe 3. When the stratification box 4 is rotated to make the horizontal path 4011 in a horizontal position, the sealing frame 7 can fix the stratification box 4;
[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, after the sealing frame 7 clamps the stratification box 4, the stratification box 4 and the exhaust pipe 3 are relatively fixed. At this time, the stratification box 4 is in a smoke screening state. After a period of time, the sealing frame 7 is slid to separate the sealing frame 7 from the stratification box 4. At this time, the stratification box 4 can rotate on the exhaust pipe 3, which is conducive to cleaning the dust adhering to the inner surface of the stratification box 4. For example, after the horizontal path 4011 of the stratification box 4 is rotated upward at a certain angle, it is quickly adjusted according to Figure 5 The stratification box 4 is rotated downward in the direction of the arrow shown to reset, and the stratification box 4 hits the side wall of the exhaust pipe 3 to generate vibration, so that the dust adhering to the inner surface of the stratification box 4 and the filter 5 can be shaken off, thereby achieving the effect of cleaning the dust.
[0046] A dust raising wall 302 is provided on the inner bottom wall of one end of the exhaust pipe 3 near the slow flow area 301 for raising the smoke upwards. Figure 3As shown, one end of the dust-collecting wall 302 close to the slow flow area 301 is tilted upward. When the gas in the exhaust pipe 3 flows to the position of the dust-collecting wall 302, the dust-collecting wall 302 guides the gas to enter the slow flow area 301 in an inclined upward state. At this time, the dust in the gas will also float into the slow flow area 301 in an inclined upward state, and then use gravity to seal the layer in the slow flow area 301, thereby reducing small particles of dust in the bottom layer and improving the stratification effect.
[0047] Embodiment 3
[0048] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, on the basis of the above embodiments, the furnace 101 of this embodiment includes a first furnace chamber 1011, a second furnace chamber 1012 and a third furnace chamber 1013, and the first furnace chamber 1011, the second furnace chamber 1012 and the third furnace chamber 1013 are arranged vertically and closely in sequence and connected end to end. A first ash hopper is installed at the bottom of the first furnace chamber 1011 and the second furnace chamber 1012, and a second ash hopper is installed at the bottom of the third furnace chamber 1013 to facilitate the collection of fallen dust. The air inlet 102 is arranged at the top of the first furnace chamber 1011, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the incinerator 2 is directly discharged into the first furnace chamber 1011. An internal casting layer 9 is provided in the first furnace chamber 1011.
[0049] The exhaust pipe 3 is arranged at the bottom of the third furnace chamber 1013, and an economizer 8 for cooling the gas is installed on the exhaust pipe 3. A heat exchange tube 10 is installed in the second furnace chamber 1012, and the heat exchange tube 10 is installed in the second furnace chamber 1012 using a convection heating surface arrangement structure. A plurality of evaporators 11 are installed in the third furnace chamber 1013, and a steam drum 13 is installed above the boiler body 1. The boiler body 1 is composed of a membrane water-cooled wall 12. The economizer 8, the membrane water-cooled wall 12, and the heat exchange tube 10. The evaporator 11 and the drum 13 form a heat exchange evaporation mechanism and output steam to the outside through the drum. The flue gas temperature generated by the incinerator 2 is above 1800°C. It enters the membrane hearth from the top of the first furnace chamber 1011, and after cooling in the first furnace chamber 1011 filled with refractory castables, the flue gas temperature drops to about 1100°C; then enters the second furnace chamber 1012 and cools to about 700°C; then continues to enter the third furnace chamber 1013 where three evaporators 11 are arranged and continues to cool to about 300°C. At this time, the flue gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 3 at the bottom of the third furnace chamber 1013, and the flue gas temperature drops to 230°C after passing through the economizer 8, and finally enters the stratification box 4;
[0050] Description of liquid circuit: Economizer 8, membrane water wall 12, heat exchange tube 10, evaporator 11, and steam drum 13 form a heat exchange evaporation mechanism and output steam to the outside through the steam drum 13. External make-up water enters economizer 8 after being treated by the deaerator, and is heated in the flue to evaporate water into steam. The steam gathers in the steam drum 13, and saturated steam is obtained through the steam-water separation device.
[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate rather than limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or partial replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A top-fired integrated waste heat boiler, characterized in that: include: A boiler body (1), wherein a furnace (101) is arranged in the boiler body (1); An air inlet (102), the air inlet (102) being opened at the top of the furnace (101); an incinerator (2), wherein the incinerator (2) is mounted on the air inlet (102); An exhaust pipe (3), the exhaust pipe (3) being arranged at the bottom of the furnace (101); The exhaust pipe (3) is arranged horizontally, and a slow flow area (301) for stratifying ash particles of different sizes is arranged at one end of the exhaust pipe (3) away from the furnace (101), and a stratification box (4) is arranged at one end of the slow flow area (301) away from the furnace (101), and a plurality of stratification channels (401) connected to the slow flow area (301) are arranged on the stratification box (4), and the plurality of stratification channels (401) are arranged up and down, and each stratification channel (401) is provided with a filter screen (5), and the mesh size of the filter screen (5) is smaller in the stratification channel (401) located in the upper layer.
2. A top-fired integrated waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The layered channel (401) comprises a horizontal channel (4011) and a vertical channel (4012), one end of the horizontal channel (4011) is connected to the slow flow area (301), a collection box (6) for collecting ash is detachably provided below the vertical channel (4012), and the filter (5) is installed at the connection between the horizontal channel (4011) and the vertical channel (4012).
3. The top-fired integrated waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen (5) is arranged in an arc shape, and the inner arc surface of the filter screen (5) for intercepting dust faces downward.
4. A top-fired integrated waste heat boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner top wall of the horizontal channel (4011) is provided with a first guide wall (4013), and the first guide wall (4013) is inclined downward from an end close to the slow flow area (301) to an end away from the slow flow area (301), and the inner bottom wall of the horizontal channel (4011) is provided with a second guide wall (4014) at an end away from the slow flow area (301) for guiding the smoke upward.
5. The top-fired integrated waste heat boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stratification box (4) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the exhaust pipe (3), and a sealing frame (7) is slidably connected to the side wall of the exhaust pipe (3). When the stratification box (4) is rotated so that the horizontal path (4011) is in a horizontal position, the sealing frame (7) can fix the stratification box (4).
6. The top-fired integrated waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust raising wall (302) for raising the smoke upwards is provided on the inner bottom wall of one end of the exhaust pipe (3) close to the slow flow area (301).
7. The top-fired integrated waste heat boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace (101) comprises a first furnace chamber (1011), a second furnace chamber (1012) and a third furnace chamber (1013); the first furnace chamber (1011), the second furnace chamber (1012) and the third furnace chamber (1013) are arranged vertically and closely in sequence and connected end to end; the air inlet (102) is arranged at the top of the first furnace chamber (1011); the high-temperature flue gas generated by the incinerator (2) is directly discharged into the first furnace chamber (1011); and an internal casting layer (9) is arranged in the first furnace chamber (1011).
8. The top-fired integrated waste heat boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe (3) is arranged at the bottom of the third furnace chamber (1013); an economizer (8) for cooling the gas is docked on the exhaust pipe (3); a heat exchange tube (10) is installed in the second furnace chamber (1012); the heat exchange tube (10) is installed in the second furnace chamber (1012) with a convection heating surface arrangement structure; a plurality of evaporators (11) are installed in the third furnace chamber (1013); a steam drum (13) is installed above the boiler body (1); the boiler body (1) is composed of a membrane water-cooled wall (12); the economizer (8), the membrane water-cooled wall (12), the heat exchange tube (10), the evaporator (11), and the steam drum (13) constitute a heat exchange evaporation mechanism and output steam to the outside through the steam drum (13).