Method for identifying cold resistance of phalaenopsis through real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for identifying the cold resistance of phalaenopsis through a real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system in the field of plant character identification methods, which comprises the following steps: selecting a plurality of phalaenopsis varieties to carry out a cold resistance test, and selecting four phalaenopsis varieties from each variety to carry out low-temperature cold damage treatment; the method comprises the following steps: placing a tested butterfly orchid variety in a set environment, carrying out test processing by cooperating with a multi-environment regulation in-situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system, respectively collecting butterfly orchid flower information data at four processing time points, and calculating a cold resistance index of each butterfly orchid flower; calculating PSII maximum photochemical efficiency according to the detected chlorophyll fluorescence data, and pre-screening butterfly orchid varieties to be rated based on a preset standard; calculating the cold resistance index of the flower of the phalaenopsis variety screened in the previous step; according to the cold resistance evaluation result, the phalaenopsis variety with good cold resistance is screened out, rapid and continuous detection of the chlorophyll fluorescence of the phalaenopsis leaves is achieved, and the detection period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for identifying cold tolerance of Phalaenopsis by using a real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system, and in particular to a method for identifying cold tolerance of Phalaenopsis by using a real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system applied in the field of plant trait identification methods. Background Art

[0002] Phalaenopsis is a perennial, warm-loving, evergreen herb. This type of plant has a weak cold tolerance. It stops growing when the temperature is below 15°C in winter, and is prone to cold damage when the temperature is below 12°C, causing the flower color to darken and the flowers to fall off. If the temperature continues to be low, the roots stop absorbing water, resulting in physiological water shortage, and the plant will die. In northern China and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the Phalaenopsis market has huge sales, but temperature has always been an important factor affecting its growth and consumption. Especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the indoor temperature is low at night in winter, and Phalaenopsis is more susceptible to cold damage, which greatly affects the commercial value of Phalaenopsis. Therefore, it is urgent to screen Phalaenopsis varieties that are resistant to low temperatures.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of identifying neutral traits in Phalaenopsis cultivation, a certain identification method on the market uses a design that uses chlorophyll fluorescence parameters for identification, which has a certain market share.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN202110475367.9 discloses a device and method for detecting chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of plant leaves. Based on the acquired radiance information, fluorescence spectrum and leaf temperature of the plant leaves, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters are calculated to achieve real-time, non-destructive, efficient and accurate detection of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of plant leaves.

[0005] Traditional cold tolerance identification methods have shortcomings such as long detection cycle, complex operation, and results that are easily affected by human factors. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an efficient, accurate, and automated method and system for identifying cold tolerance of Phalaenopsis. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the traditional cold resistance identification method has the disadvantages of long detection cycle, complicated operation, and the result is easily affected by human factors. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an efficient, accurate and automated method and system for identifying cold resistance of Phalaenopsis.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for identifying the cold tolerance of Phalaenopsis by a real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Select multiple Phalaenopsis varieties for cold tolerance test, and select 4 plants of each variety for low temperature chilling damage treatment;

[0009] S2. Place the tested Phalaenopsis varieties in an environment of 10°C, relative humidity of 70%-80%, photoperiod of 10h / 14h day / night, and daytime light intensity of 160μmol m-2s-1, and conduct experimental treatment in coordination with a multi-environment control in-situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system. During the experiment, ensure that the plant matrix is ​​moist and has uniform water content so that each plant grows uniformly;

[0010] S3, collecting Phalaenopsis flower information data at four processing time points, the processing time points include: 0 day, 7 days, 14 days and 21 days, and calculating the cold tolerance index of each Phalaenopsis flower; the information data include chlorophyll fluorescence data, the number of Phalaenopsis open flowers, the number of open flowers dropped, the total number of flower buds and the number of flower buds dropped;

[0011] S4. Calculate the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII based on the detected chlorophyll fluorescence data, and pre-screen the Phalaenopsis varieties to be graded based on preset standards;

[0012] S5. Calculate the cold tolerance index of the Phalaenopsis orchid varieties selected in the previous step based on the number of Phalaenopsis open flowers, the number of open flowers that have fallen, the total number of buds, and the number of buds that have fallen;

[0013] S6. Based on the cold tolerance evaluation results, select Phalaenopsis varieties with better cold tolerance.

[0014] In the above-mentioned method for identifying the cold tolerance of Phalaenopsis by using a real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system, rapid and continuous detection of chlorophyll fluorescence of Phalaenopsis leaves is achieved, thus shortening the detection cycle.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present application, the preset standard of S4 is that the maximum photochemical efficiency of leaf PSII is greater than 0.7.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present application, the cold resistance index is determined by the following formula:

[0017] Rc = 1-(FC + BC) / (F0 + B0);

[0018] Among them, F0 is the number of open flowers of Phalaenopsis, FC is the number of open flowers that have fallen or closed, B0 is the total number of flower buds, and BC is the number of flower buds that have fallen or yellowed flowers.

[0019] A multi-environment controlled in-situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system, the system is set in a laboratory, and the system includes:

[0020] Environmental control module, used to control the light intensity, spectral distribution, temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration in the laboratory;

[0021] An information acquisition module is used to capture the surface image and reflection spectrum data of plant leaves. The image acquisition module is connected to an optical imaging device and a chlorophyll fluorescence detector. The optical imaging device specifically includes: a high-resolution camera, a spectrometer, and an optical lens;

[0022] The data analysis module integrates image processing and data analysis algorithms to identify leaf contours, extract fluorescence parameters, calculate the photosynthetic rate and the average value and change trend of the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII of each plant variety through image processing and data analysis; and generate data reports;

[0023] The acquisition control module is connected to an automated mobile platform, which is used to adjust the position of the optical imaging device to the position of each leaf of the plant, so as to realize continuous scanning and imaging of multiple plants or different parts of the same plant.

[0024] As another improvement of the present application, the automated mobile platform includes: an electric guide rail group and a displacement sensor; the electric guide rail group includes a horizontal guide rail and a longitudinal guide rail, and the electric guide rail group is used to drive the auxiliary acquisition structure equipped with the optical imaging device to move smoothly in the horizontal or longitudinal direction, so that the optical imaging device can be accurately positioned above the target plant leaves, and then the optical imaging device is adjusted through the auxiliary acquisition structure to be close to the plant leaves for information collection.

[0025] As another improved supplement of the present application, the auxiliary collection structure includes an electric push rod installed at the movable end of the electric guide rail, the movable end of the electric push rod is equipped with a base, which is connected to a detector body through rotation of a motor, a nozzle is installed on the detector body, a detection ring is sleeved on the nozzle, and an electric telescopic rod is connected between the detection ring and the detector body.

[0026] As another improved supplement of the present application, the optical imaging device and the chlorophyll fluorescence detector are both integrated on the detection ring. During detection by the detection ring, the detection ring is driven to move by the electric telescopic rod until its surface is level with the outlet end of the detector body.

[0027] As another improved supplement of the present application, a data acquisition unit connected to the information acquisition module by signal is integrated in the detector body, and the optical imaging device and the chlorophyll fluorescence detector are both connected to the data acquisition unit by signal.

[0028] In summary, this scheme realizes the rapid and continuous detection of chlorophyll fluorescence of Phalaenopsis leaves, shortens the detection cycle, reduces human errors through automated data collection and processing, and improves the accuracy of the test results. It can be applied to the cold resistance identification of various Phalaenopsis varieties, providing a scientific basis for Phalaenopsis breeding and cultivation management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1This is a method step diagram for the first implementation mode of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a graph of the chilling damage tolerance index of each Phalaenopsis flower in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a physical picture of the cold resistance of each Phalaenopsis flower in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a graph of the chilling damage tolerance index of each Phalaenopsis flower in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the maximum photochemical efficiency of leaves under the conditions of wedding banquet and Ama chilling injury in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a system block diagram of the fourth implementation mode of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the auxiliary collection structure of the fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary collection structure of the fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the auxiliary collection structure of the fourth embodiment of the present application when it is located in a laboratory.

[0038] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0039] 1 base, 2 detector body, 3 nozzle, 4 detection ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following describes two implementation modes of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] The first implementation method:

[0042] Figure 1-3 A method for identifying cold tolerance of Phalaenopsis orchids by a real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system is shown, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1. Select several Phalaenopsis varieties for cold tolerance test, and select 4 plants of each variety for low temperature damage treatment.

[0044] S2. Place the tested Phalaenopsis varieties in an environment of 10°C, relative humidity of 70%-80%, photoperiod of 10h / 14h day / night, and daytime light intensity of 160μmol m-2s-1, and conduct experimental treatment in coordination with a multi-environment control in-situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system. During the experiment, ensure that the plant matrix is ​​moist and has uniform water content so that each plant grows uniformly;

[0045] S3, collecting Phalaenopsis flower information data at four processing time points, the processing time points include: 0 day, 7 days, 14 days and 21 days, and calculating the cold tolerance index of each Phalaenopsis flower; the information data includes chlorophyll fluorescence data, the number of Phalaenopsis open flowers, the number of open flowers dropped, the total number of flower buds and the number of flower buds dropped;

[0046] S4. Calculate the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv / Fm) based on the detected chlorophyll fluorescence data, and pre-screen the Phalaenopsis varieties to be graded based on the preset standard; the preset standard is that the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII of the leaves is greater than 0.7;

[0047] S5. Calculate the cold tolerance index of the Phalaenopsis orchid varieties selected in the previous step based on the number of Phalaenopsis open flowers, the number of open flowers that have fallen, the total number of buds, and the number of buds that have fallen;

[0048] S6. Based on the cold tolerance evaluation results, select Phalaenopsis varieties with better cold tolerance.

[0049] The cold resistance index is determined by the following formula:

[0050] Rc = 1-(FC + BC) / (F0 + B0);

[0051] Among them, F0 is the number of open flowers of Phalaenopsis, FC is the number of open flowers that have fallen or closed, B0 is the total number of flower buds, and BC is the number of flower buds that have fallen or yellowed flowers.

[0052] In this embodiment, S1 selects 32 varieties of Phalaenopsis for cold tolerance test, namely: 'Treasure Map', 'Red Agate', 'Big Pepper', 'Super Group 9', 'U89', 'Super Group Crystal', 'Xibin Hani', 'White Lightning', 'Peach', 'Anna', 'Fu Le Sunset', 'Golden Phoenix', 'Golden Princess', 'Golden Armor', 'Tricolor Bird', 'Pink Lulu', 'Pink Baby', 'Star of Tomorrow', 'Little Magpie', 'Wedding Banquet', 'White Lightning', 'Peach', 'Anna', 'Fu Le Sunset', 'Golden Phoenix', 'Golden Princess', 'Golden Armor', 'Tricolor Bird', 'Pink Lulu', 'Pink Baby', 'Star of Tomorrow', 'Little Magpie', 'Wedding Banquet', 'White Lightning', 'Peach', 'Anna', 'Fule ... ', 'Chocolate', 'Purple Butterfly', 'Starry Sky', 'Little Peacock', 'Butterfly Brothers', 'Red Butterfly', 'Superior Little Peacock', 'Phoenix in the Willow Forest', 'Christmas Tree', 'Residual Snow', 'Amethyst' and 'Crystal'. The experimental plants were selected from asexual plants with uniform growth, 5 to 6 mature leaves and a growth period of 18 months. Four plants of each variety were selected for low temperature chilling treatment. Before the experimental treatment, they were plants growing normally in the greenhouse of Zhejiang University Agricultural Experiment Station.

[0053] The 32 Phalaenopsis varieties were placed in a multi-environment controlled in-situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system at 10°C, relative humidity (RH) 70%-80%, light duration 10h / 14h day / night, and daytime light intensity 160μmol m-2s-1 for experimental treatment, and the substrate was kept moist and the water content was uniform so that the growth of each plant was consistent; the cold damage of Phalaenopsis flowers was investigated at 0d, 7d, 14d and 21d, and the cold tolerance index of Phalaenopsis flowers was calculated; the cold damage of Phalaenopsis leaves was identified by chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, and the fluorescence parameters of Phalaenopsis leaves were detected;

[0054] Figure 3 It is shown that after different varieties of Phalaenopsis were treated at 10℃ for 7 days, the flowers showed different degrees of chilling damage, and some varieties showed flower closure and falling, and bud yellowing;

[0055] Figure 2 The cold tolerance index of each variety is shown. Among them, the cold tolerance index values ​​of 'Peach', 'Anna', 'Little Magpie', 'Purple Butterfly' and 'Crystal' are 0.57, 0.56, 0.47, 0.64 and 0.39 respectively. The cold tolerance index values ​​of the flowers are small, and the cold tolerance of the flowers is poor. The cold tolerance index values ​​of 'Red Agate', 'White Lightning', 'Little Peacock', 'Wedding Banquet', 'Chocolate', 'Golden Armor' and 'Pink Baby' are 0.94, 0.91, 0.93, 0.90, 0.97, 0.92 and 0.91 respectively. The cold tolerance index values ​​of the flowers are high, and the cold tolerance of the flowers is good.

[0056] Second implementation method:

[0057] The components identical or corresponding to those in the first embodiment are marked with the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment. For the sake of simplicity, only the differences from the first embodiment are described below. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that:

[0058] In step S1 of this embodiment, 32 Phalaenopsis varieties are selected for low temperature treatment experiments, and detected by a multi-environment controlled in-situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system;

[0059] Figure 4 The results show that after 14 days of low temperature treatment at 10℃, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm) of PSII in leaves of different Phalaenopsis varieties were tested. The Fv / Fm values ​​of Super Peacock, Banded Brothers, Purple Butterfly, Tricolor Bird, and Fuller Sunset were relatively small, which were 0.567, 0.589, 0.611, 0.612, and 0.616, respectively. Under low temperature conditions, PSII of these varieties of Phalaenopsis leaves was severely damaged, and the leaves of the plants had poor low temperature resistance; the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm) of PSII of 'Red Agate', 'Super Group No. 9', 'Little Magpie', 'Pink Baby', 'Wedding Banquet', 'Golden Armor' and 'Chocolate' were 0.719, 0.704, 0.683, 0.687, 0.689 and 0.714 respectively, and the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm) of PSII of 'Red Agate', 'Super Group No. 9' and 'Chocolate' leaves were all greater than 0.7, indicating that under low temperature conditions, PSII of these varieties of Phalaenopsis leaves was less damaged, and the leaves had good low temperature resistance.

[0060] After different varieties of Phalaenopsis were treated at 10℃, the cold tolerance index of Phalaenopsis flowers was detected by the multi-environment regulation in situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system. The experiment showed that the introduced Phalaenopsis varieties 'Red Agate', 'Wedding Banquet', 'Chocolate', 'Golden Armor' and 'Pink Baby' had good cold tolerance of flowers and leaves under low temperature conditions.

[0061] The third implementation method:

[0062] The components identical or corresponding to those in the first embodiment are marked with the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment. For the sake of simplicity, only the differences from the first embodiment are described below. The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:

[0063] In step S1 of this embodiment, two Phalaenopsis varieties, 'Wedding Banquet' and 'Ama', are selected to conduct a 10°C low temperature test;

[0064] Among them, 'Wedding Banquet' is more resistant to low temperature, while 'Ama' is sensitive to low temperature. Under low temperature conditions of 10℃, the multi-environment controlled in situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system was used to detect the characteristics of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the two Phalaenopsis varieties changing with low temperature time.

[0065] like Figure 5 The results showed that with the duration of chilling injury (0d, 7d, 14d and 21d), the chilling injury of the two Phalaenopsis varieties became more and more serious, and the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII in leaves (Fv / Fm) gradually decreased. Before treatment (0d), there was no difference in the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm) of PSII in the leaves of the two varieties of Phalaenopsis. After being treated with 10℃ low temperature for 7d, 14d and 21d, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm) of PSII in the more chilling-resistant 'Wedding Banquet' was significantly higher than that of the chilling-sensitive 'Ama' in the same period. Under chilling stress, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm) of PSII in Phalaenopsis leaves was consistent with the chilling tolerance of Phalaenopsis.

[0066] The fifth implementation method:

[0067] The components identical or corresponding to those in the first embodiment are marked with the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment. For the sake of simplicity, only the differences from the first embodiment are described below. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that:

[0068] Figure 6-9 A multi-environment controlled in-situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system is shown, the system is set in a laboratory, and the system specifically includes:

[0069] Environmental control module, used to control the light intensity, spectral distribution, temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration in the laboratory;

[0070] An information acquisition module, used to capture plant leaf surface images and reflectance spectrum data, the image acquisition module is connected to an optical imaging device and a chlorophyll fluorescence detector, the optical imaging device specifically includes: a high-resolution camera, a spectrometer and an optical lens;

[0071] The data analysis module integrates image processing and data analysis algorithms to identify leaf contours, extract fluorescence parameters, calculate the photosynthetic rate and the average value and change trend of the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII of each plant variety through image processing and data analysis; and generate data reports;

[0072] The acquisition control module is connected to an automated mobile platform, and the automated mobile platform is used to adjust the position of the optical imaging device to the position of each leaf of the plant to achieve continuous scanning and imaging of multiple plants or different parts of the same plant.

[0073] The automated mobile platform includes: an electric guide rail group and a displacement sensor; the electric guide rail group includes a horizontal guide rail and a longitudinal guide rail. The electric guide rail group is used to drive the auxiliary acquisition structure equipped with an optical imaging device to move smoothly in the horizontal or longitudinal direction, so that the optical imaging device can be accurately positioned above the target plant leaves, and then the optical imaging device is adjusted through the auxiliary acquisition structure to be close to the plant leaves for information collection.

[0074] The auxiliary collection structure includes an electric push rod installed at the movable end of the electric guide rail, the movable end of the electric push rod is installed with a base 1, 1 is connected to a detector body 2 through the rotation of a motor, a nozzle 3 is installed on the detector body 2, a detection ring 4 is sleeved on the nozzle 3, and an electric telescopic rod is connected between the detection ring 4 and the detector body 2; the input end of the nozzle 3 is connected to the gas supply device through a corrugated air pipe connection;

[0075] The detector body 2 is integrated with a data acquisition unit which is signal-connected to the information acquisition module, and the optical imaging device and the chlorophyll fluorescence detector are both signal-connected to the data acquisition unit.

[0076] The optical imaging device and the chlorophyll fluorescence detector are both integrated on the detection ring 4 . When the detection ring 4 detects, the detection ring 4 is driven to move by the electric telescopic rod until its surface is level with the outlet end of the detector body 2 .

[0077] When collecting Phalaenopsis flower information data in S3, the auxiliary collection structure is first moved and the motor is adjusted to work, so that the outlet end of the nozzle 3 faces the leaves to be collected and supports the leaves. During the movement, the nozzle 3 can be controlled to spray air so that the stacked leaves are blown apart by the airflow, or the airflow can be used to clean the debris on the surface of the leaves;

[0078] When the leaf to be collected is tilted and separated from other leaves by the nozzle 3, the electric telescopic rod is controlled to work, so that the detection ring 4 moves forward to fit the leaf, so as to collect images and chlorophyll fluorescence data;

[0079] This implementation method facilitates the automatic collection of blade data, and during the collection process, the auxiliary collection structure is used to ensure that the blade is quickly isolated from other blades during the automatic collection, thereby facilitating the rapid automatic collection of information on the independent blade.

[0080] In summary, this scheme realizes the rapid and continuous detection of chlorophyll fluorescence of Phalaenopsis leaves, shortens the detection cycle, reduces human errors through automated data collection and processing, and improves the accuracy of the test results. It can be applied to the cold resistance identification of various Phalaenopsis varieties, providing a scientific basis for Phalaenopsis breeding and cultivation management.

[0081] In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for identifying cold tolerance of Phalaenopsis by real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Select multiple Phalaenopsis varieties for cold tolerance test, and select 4 plants of each variety for low temperature chilling damage treatment; S2. Place the tested Phalaenopsis varieties in an environment of 10°C, relative humidity of 70%-80%, photoperiod of 10h / 14h day / night, and daytime light intensity of 160μmolm-2s-1, and conduct experimental treatment in coordination with a multi-environment control in-situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system. During the experiment, ensure that the plant matrix is ​​moist and has uniform water content so that each plant grows uniformly; S3, collecting Phalaenopsis flower information data at four processing time points, the processing time points include: 0 day, 7 days, 14 days and 21 days, and calculating the cold tolerance index of each Phalaenopsis flower; the information data includes chlorophyll fluorescence data, the number of Phalaenopsis open flowers, the number of open flowers dropped, the total number of flower buds and the number of flower buds dropped; S4. Calculate the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII based on the detected chlorophyll fluorescence data, and pre-screen the Phalaenopsis varieties to be graded based on preset standards; S5. Calculate the cold tolerance index of the Phalaenopsis orchid varieties selected in the previous step based on the number of Phalaenopsis open flowers, the number of open flowers that have fallen, the total number of buds, and the number of buds that have fallen; S6. Based on the cold tolerance evaluation results, select Phalaenopsis varieties with better cold tolerance.

2. The method for identifying cold tolerance of Phalaenopsis by real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset standard of S4 is that the maximum photochemical efficiency of leaf PSII is greater than 0.

7.

3. According to the method for identifying cold tolerance of Phalaenopsis by real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system in claim 1, the cold tolerance index is determined by the following formula: Rc = 1-(FC + BC) / (F0 + B0); Among them, F0 is the number of open flowers of Phalaenopsis, FC is the number of open flowers that have fallen or closed, B0 is the total number of flower buds, and BC is the number of flower buds that have fallen or yellowed flowers.

4. A multi-environment controlled in situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system applied to the method of claim 1, wherein the system is set in a laboratory, and is characterized by: The system comprises: Environmental control module, used to control the light intensity, spectral distribution, temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration in the laboratory; An information acquisition module, used to capture plant leaf surface images and reflectance spectrum data, the image acquisition module is connected to an optical imaging device and a chlorophyll fluorescence detector, the optical imaging device specifically includes: a high-resolution camera, a spectrometer and an optical lens; The data analysis module integrates image processing and data analysis algorithms to identify leaf contours, extract fluorescence parameters, and calculate the average and changing trends of photosynthetic rate and PSII maximum photochemical efficiency of each plant variety through image processing and data analysis; and generate data reports; The acquisition control module is connected to an automated mobile platform, and the automated mobile platform is used to adjust the position of the optical imaging device to the position of each leaf of the plant to achieve continuous scanning and imaging of multiple plants or different parts of the same plant.

5. The method for identifying cold tolerance of Phalaenopsis by real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The automated mobile platform includes: an electric guide rail group and a displacement sensor; the electric guide rail group includes a horizontal guide rail and a longitudinal guide rail, and the electric guide rail group is used to drive an auxiliary acquisition structure equipped with an optical imaging device to move smoothly in the horizontal or longitudinal direction, so that the optical imaging device can be accurately positioned above the target plant leaves, and then the optical imaging device is adjusted through the auxiliary acquisition structure to be close to the plant leaves for information collection.

6. The multi-environment controlled in situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary collection structure comprises an electric push rod mounted on the movable end of an electric guide rail, the movable end of the electric push rod being mounted with a base (1), the base (1) being connected to a detector body (2) through rotation of a motor, a nozzle (3) being mounted on the detector body (2), a detection ring (4) being sleeved on the nozzle (3), and an electric telescopic rod being connected between the detection ring (4) and the detector body (2).

7. The multi-environment controlled in situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The optical imaging device and the chlorophyll fluorescence detector are both integrated on the detection ring (4). When the detection ring (4) detects, the detection ring (4) is driven to move by the electric telescopic rod until its surface is level with the outlet end of the detector body (2).

8. The multi-environment controlled in situ real-time photosynthetic phenotype imaging system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detector body (2) is integrated with a data acquisition unit which is signal-connected to the information acquisition module, and the optical imaging device and the chlorophyll fluorescence detector are both signal-connected to the data acquisition unit.

Images