Experimental device and experimental method for simulating lithosphere deformation

Abstract

The experimental device comprises a mounting box, a first circular truncated cone is arranged in the mounting box, a first motor is arranged at the bottom of the first circular truncated cone, and the first circular truncated cone is arranged at the end of an output shaft of the first motor in a sleeving mode and connected with the output shaft of the first motor through a key. A plurality of circumferentially-distributed experiment boxes are fixed to the top face of the first circular truncated cone, one side of each experiment box is a limiting plate, the opposite side of each experiment box is a sliding plate, one side of each experiment box is a fixing plate, and the other side of each experiment box is a transparent plate; a high-speed camera is installed on the outer side of each transparent plate; a push plate mechanism is connected to the outer side of each sliding plate; a first cylinder and a positioning mechanism are mounted at the bottom of the first circular truncated cone. By adopting the lithosphere deformation simulation experiment box, lithosphere experiment samples with different proportions can be placed in each experiment box in advance to simulate lithosphere deformation, the lithosphere experiment samples do not need to be emptied and placed again after an experiment is finished, the experiment difficulty and complexity are reduced, and the working efficiency of the lithosphere deformation simulation experiment is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental devices, and relates to an experimental device and an experimental method for simulating lithosphere deformation. Background Art

[0002] The lithosphere is a hard rock layer in the upper part of the earth relative to the asthenosphere, and is a high-velocity earthquake zone. Lithosphere deformation is one of the important manifestations of geodynamic processes. By studying the deformation characteristics of the lithosphere, we can have a deeper understanding of the stress distribution inside the earth, the dynamic mechanism of plate movement, and the circulation process of materials inside the earth. At the same time, the deformation of the lithosphere is often accompanied by the formation and enrichment of mineral resources. By studying the deformation characteristics of the lithosphere, we can reveal the distribution law and enrichment mechanism of mineral resources, and provide important clues for resource exploration and development.

[0003] Simulating lithosphere deformation is to simulate and study the deformation behavior of the Earth's lithosphere under various stress, temperature and other conditions through specific experimental equipment and methods. This simulation helps us to have a deeper understanding of the structure, movement laws and related geological phenomena of the Earth's interior.

[0004] In experiments simulating lithospheric deformation, experimental samples similar to lithospheric materials are usually used and placed in layers and order according to the actual geological structure. By applying different stresses and other conditions, the deformation of the experimental samples is observed and recorded. These deformations can be monitored and recorded in real time by equipment such as high-speed cameras. However, the existing experimental devices for simulating lithospheric deformation on the market can often only perform a single simulation, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty and complexity of the experiment. When the next simulation is needed, researchers have to empty the experimental samples first and then put new experimental samples in. This tedious process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also seriously affects the efficiency of the experiment and is not conducive to the smooth progress of the experimental work. In addition, frequent sample replacement may also introduce human errors, causing certain interference to the accuracy of the experimental results. Summary of the invention

[0005] One purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation, which solves the problem that the existing experimental device can only perform a single simulation, thus affecting the experimental efficiency.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an experimental method for simulating lithospheric deformation.

[0007] The first technical solution adopted by the present invention is an experimental device for simulating rock sphere deformation, including an installation box, a first truncated table is arranged inside the installation box, a first motor is arranged at the bottom of the first truncated table, the first truncated table is sleeved on the end of the output shaft of the first motor, and is connected to the output shaft of the first motor by a key, a plurality of circumferentially distributed experimental boxes are fixed on the top surface of the first truncated table, one side of the experimental box is a limit plate, and the other opposite side is a slide plate, one of the other two sides is a fixed plate, and the other side is a transparent plate, a high-speed camera is installed on the outer side of the transparent plate, a push plate mechanism is connected to the outer side of the slide plate, a rotation positioning mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the experimental box, a first cylinder and a positioning mechanism are installed at the bottom of the first truncated table, the positioning mechanism includes a first installation plate fixedly connected to the output end of the first cylinder, the first motor is fixed to the middle part of the top surface of the first installation plate, a circular first slide groove is opened around the top surface of the first installation plate, a plurality of first sliding legs are fixed around the bottom surface of the first truncated table, and the bottom ends of the first sliding legs are embedded in the first slide groove.

[0008] The push plate mechanism includes a bracket, which is fixed on one side of the bottom end of the experimental box. A connecting plate and a screw rod are arranged inside the bracket. The screw rod is threadedly connected to the connecting plate. A second motor is installed on the outside of the bracket. The output shaft of the second motor is connected to the screw rod through a coupling. The end face of the connecting plate away from the screw rod is fixedly connected to the outer side face of the slide plate.

[0009] Two guide rods are arranged inside the bracket, and the two guide rods are respectively located on two opposite sides of the screw rod. One end of the guide rod is fixed on the bracket, and the other end is slidably connected with the connecting plate.

[0010] A rotation positioning mechanism is arranged in the installation box, and the rotation positioning mechanism includes a second cylinder, a second mounting plate and a second truncated table. The bottom of the second cylinder is fixed on the bottom surface inside the installation box, the second mounting plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the second cylinder, a third motor is fixed to the middle part of the top surface of the second mounting plate, a circular second slide groove is opened around the top surface, a plurality of circumferentially distributed second sliding legs are fixed to the bottom surface of the second truncated table, the bottom end of the second sliding leg is embedded in the second slide groove, the output shaft of the third motor is connected to the second truncated table by a key, and a hexagonal block is fixed to the center of the top surface of the second truncated table.

[0011] A mounting mechanism is provided on the bottom surface of each experimental box, and the mounting mechanism includes a fixed block, a first circular plate, a second circular plate and a driving shaft. Through holes are provided in the middle of the fixed block, the first circular plate and the second circular plate for the driving shaft to pass through. The fixed block, the first circular plate and the second circular plate are sequentially sleeved on the driving shaft. A first bearing is installed between the first circular plate and the driving shaft, a second bearing is installed between the second circular plate and the driving shaft, and a third bearing is installed between the fixed block and the driving shaft. The first circular plate and the fixed block are fixedly connected by screws, and the fixed block is fixed on the top surface of the first truncated table. An end face of the second circular plate away from the first circular plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the experimental box, and one end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the experimental box, and a hexagonal groove matching the hexagonal block is provided in the center of the other end face, and the hexagonal block can be embedded in the hexagonal groove.

[0012] A marking block is fixed on the side of the first truncated table. The marking block corresponds to the experimental box one by one. The center of the marking block and the axis of the driving shaft at the bottom of the corresponding experimental box are located in the same radial direction of the first truncated table. An infrared sensor is installed on the bottom surface of the installation box. The infrared sensor is located between the second cylinder and the side wall of the installation box. The infrared sensor and the marking block are opposite to each other up and down.

[0013] The tops of the two opposite sides of the limiting plate are fixed with protruding positioning blocks, the tops of the fixed plate and the transparent plate are fixed with positioning rods, the positioning blocks are provided with round through holes, the positioning rods pass through the round through holes, and are slidably connected with the positioning blocks.

[0014] Slide blocks are fixed on the two opposite sides of the limiting plate, and sliding grooves are provided at corresponding positions of the fixed plate and the transparent plate, and the slide blocks are embedded in the sliding grooves.

[0015] A handle is installed on the top of the limiting plate.

[0016] The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is an experimental method for simulating lithosphere deformation, comprising the following steps: Step 1, placing lithosphere experimental samples of different proportions into different experimental boxes; Step 2, start the rotation positioning mechanism at the bottom of the test box, the rotation positioning mechanism drives the test box to rotate, so that the lithosphere test sample in the test box is subjected to centrifugal force, and at the same time start the push plate mechanism, the push plate mechanism drives the slide plate to hit the lithosphere test sample, and continuously shoots with a high-speed camera to monitor the deformation of the lithosphere test sample in real time and collect experimental data; Step 3, after the simulation experiment is finished, the rotary positioning mechanism and the push plate mechanism are closed, and the first cylinder is started. The first cylinder drives the first truncated table to extend out of the installation box, and the limit plate is pulled out upward. The push plate mechanism is started again, and the push plate mechanism drives the slide plate to push out the lithosphere experimental sample to complete the waste collection.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Multiple experimental boxes are installed on the first round table, and lithosphere experimental samples of different proportions are placed in each experimental box in advance to simulate lithosphere deformation. The first round table is driven to rotate by the first motor, and the positions of the experimental boxes are changed to enter the working area in turn. The marking block can be marked by a high-precision infrared sensor. When the marking block moves above the infrared sensor, the first round table stops rotating. At this time, the experimental box at the marked position is accurately stopped in the working area, and the simulated lithosphere deformation experiment begins. Therefore, the lithosphere experimental samples in multiple experimental boxes can be tested without emptying the experimental samples and re-inserting them, which reduces the difficulty and complexity of the experiment, greatly improves the efficiency of the lithosphere deformation simulation experiment, and ensures that the experimental results of the lithosphere experimental samples are accurate and not disturbed; (2) The second cylinder drives the second mounting plate to move, so that the hexagonal block on the second truncated table is inserted into the hexagonal groove of the drive shaft, and the experimental box entering the working area is positioned. Then, the third motor on the second mounting plate drives the hexagonal block to rotate, so that the hexagonal block drives the drive shaft to rotate, thereby driving the experimental box to rotate, generating centrifugal force, simulating the complex stress state in the crust movement. Under the action of centrifugal force, the lithosphere experimental sample is subjected to lateral extrusion pressure, thereby simulating the extrusion effect of crustal stress on the lithosphere. Subsequently, the push plate mechanism is started to accurately hit the lithosphere experimental sample, further simulating the extrusion process of crustal stress on the lithosphere, making the experimental process of simulating lithosphere deformation more efficient, accurate and reliable, and providing more powerful experimental support for geological research, earthquake prediction and rock engineering. (3) When the deformation simulation work of the lithosphere test sample in the experimental box is completed, the first cylinder is used to drive the first round table to extend out of the installation box, and the limit plate is pulled out of the experimental box. The push plate mechanism is used to drive the slide plate to move, so that the slide plate drives the lithosphere test sample to move out of the experimental box. This design not only improves the convenience of experimental operation, but also ensures the smooth progress of waste removal work, providing convenience for subsequent experimental work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the installation box in the experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between a high-speed camera and an experimental box in the experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first circular plate in the experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second circular plate in the experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotation positioning mechanism in the experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure, 1. installation box, 2. base frame, 3. first cylinder, 4. extension rod, 5. first round table, 6. adjustment mechanism, 61. first installation plate, 62. first motor, 63. first slide leg, 64. shock absorber, 65. first slide slot, 7. test box, 8. transparent plate, 9. rack, 10. high-speed camera, 11. slide plate, 12. push plate mechanism, 121. bracket, 122. screw rod, 123. second motor, 124. connecting plate, 125. guide rod, 13. limit plate, 141. positioning rod , 142. Positioning block, 143. Handle, 15. Mounting mechanism, 151. Fixed block, 1511. Through hole, 152. First circular plate, 155. Second circular plate, 156. Driving shaft, 157. Hexagonal groove, 16. Rotational positioning mechanism, 161. Second cylinder, 162. Second mounting plate, 163. Third motor, 164. Second frustum, 165. Hexagonal block, 166. Second sliding leg, 167. Second slide groove, 17. Infrared sensor, 18. Marking block, 19. Lithospheric experimental sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1 An experimental device for simulating lithospheric deformation, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including an installation box 1, a base frame 2 is fixed at the bottom of the installation box 1, a first truncated table 5 is arranged inside the installation box 1, a first motor 62 is arranged at the bottom of the first truncated table 5, the first truncated table 5 is sleeved on the end of the output shaft of the first motor 62, and is connected to the output shaft of the first motor 62 by a key, four experimental boxes 7 evenly distributed circumferentially are fixed on the top surface of the first truncated table 5, the experimental box 7 is used to place the lithosphere experimental sample 19, start the first motor 62, the first motor 62 drives the first truncated table 5 to rotate, and then drives the experimental box 7 on the top surface of the first truncated table 5 to rotate, so as to adjust the position of the experimental box.

[0022] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4One side of the experimental box 7 is a limit plate 13, and the other side opposite to it is a slide plate 11. Among the other two sides, one side is a fixed plate, and the other side is a transparent plate 8. Both the fixed plate and the transparent plate are fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the experimental box. A frame 9 is fixed to the outside of the transparent plate 8, and a high-speed camera 10 is installed on the frame 9. A push plate mechanism 12 is connected to the outside of the slide plate 11, which can push the slide plate to move back and forth in the experimental box and hit the lithosphere experimental sample 19 in the experimental box. The high-speed camera 10 can shoot and store the stress condition of the lithosphere experimental sample 19 in the experimental box through the transparent plate.

[0023] A rotation positioning mechanism 16 is provided at the bottom of the experimental box 7, which can drive the experimental box to rotate so that the lithosphere experimental samples in the experimental box are subjected to centrifugal force. A first cylinder 3 and a positioning mechanism 6 are installed at the bottom of the first truncated platform 5. The first cylinder 3 is fixed on the base frame 2, and the output end of the first cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the extension rod 4. The positioning mechanism 6 includes a first mounting plate 61 fixedly connected to the free end of the extension rod 4. A first motor 62 is fixed to the middle part of the top surface of the first mounting plate 61. A circular first slide groove 65 is provided around the top surface of the first mounting plate 61. A plurality of first sliding legs 63 are fixed around the bottom surface of the first truncated platform 5. A shock absorber 64 is fixedly installed in the middle part of the first slide leg 63. The bottom end of the first slide leg 63 is embedded in the first slide groove 65. The bottom end surface of the first slide leg 63 is an arc surface. After starting the first motor, the output shaft of the first motor drives the first truncated platform 5 to rotate, and drives the first slide leg to slide in the first slide groove. After starting the first cylinder 3, the output end of the first cylinder extends upward, driving the extension rod 4 to extend upward. The extension rod pushes the first mounting plate to move up, and then pushes the first truncated platform to move up, so that the experimental box 7 extends out of the top of the installation box, which is convenient for the recovery of waste in the installation box.

[0024] See also Figure 5 The push plate mechanism 12 includes a bracket 121, which is fixed on one side of the bottom end of the experimental box 7. A connecting plate 124 and a screw rod 122 are arranged inside the bracket 121. The screw rod 122 is threadedly connected to the connecting plate 124. A second motor 123 is installed on the outside of the bracket 121. The output shaft of the second motor 123 is connected to the screw rod 122 through a coupling. The end face of the connecting plate 124 away from the screw rod 122 is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the slide plate 11. When the second motor is started, the output shaft of the second motor drives the screw rod to rotate, thereby driving the connecting plate 124 to translate on the screw, pushing the slide plate 11 to translate in the experimental box.

[0025] Two guide rods 125 are arranged inside the bracket 121. The two guide rods 125 are respectively located on opposite sides of the screw rod 122. One end of the guide rod 125 is fixed to the bracket 121, and the other end is slidably connected to the connecting plate 124, thereby improving the stability of the connecting plate during movement.

[0026] Example 2 An experimental device for simulating rock sphere deformation includes an installation box 1, a first truncated platform 5 is arranged inside the installation box 1, a first motor 62 is arranged at the bottom of the first truncated platform 5, the first truncated platform 5 is sleeved on the end of the output shaft of the first motor 62, and is connected to the output shaft of the first motor 62 through a key, a plurality of circumferentially distributed experimental boxes 7 are fixed on the top surface of the first truncated platform 5, one side of the experimental box 7 is a limit plate 13, the other side opposite is a slide plate 11, one of the other two sides is a fixed plate, and the other side is a transparent plate 8, and a high-speed camera 1 is installed on the outer side of the transparent plate 8 0, a push plate mechanism 12 is connected to the outer side of the slide plate 11, a rotation positioning mechanism 16 is arranged at the bottom of the experimental box 7, a first cylinder 3 and a positioning mechanism 6 are installed at the bottom of the first truncated table 5, the positioning mechanism 6 comprises a first mounting plate 61 fixedly connected to the output end of the first cylinder 3, a first motor 62 is fixed to the middle of the top surface of the first mounting plate 61, a circular first slide groove 65 is opened around the top surface of the first mounting plate 61, a plurality of first sliding legs 63 are fixed around the bottom surface of the first truncated table 5, and the bottom end of the first sliding leg 63 is embedded in the first slide groove 65.

[0027] The push plate mechanism 12 includes a bracket 121, which is fixed on one side of the bottom end of the experimental box 7. A connecting plate 124 and a screw rod 122 are provided inside the bracket 121. The screw rod 122 is threadedly connected to the connecting plate 124. A second motor 123 is installed outside the bracket 121. The output shaft of the second motor 123 is connected to the screw rod 122 through a coupling. The end face of the connecting plate 124 away from the screw rod 122 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the slide plate 11. Two guide rods 125 are provided inside the bracket 121. The two guide rods 125 are respectively located on opposite sides of the screw rod 122. One end of the guide rod 125 is fixed to the bracket 121, and the other end is slidably connected to the connecting plate 124.

[0028] See also Figure 6 to Figure 8 A rotation positioning mechanism 16 is provided in the installation box 1, and the rotation positioning mechanism 16 includes a second cylinder 161, a second mounting plate 162 and a second truncated cone 164. The bottom of the second cylinder 161 is fixed on the bottom surface of the installation box 1, and the second mounting plate 162 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second cylinder 161. A third motor 163 is fixed to the middle of the top surface of the second mounting plate 162, and a circular second slide groove 167 is provided around the top surface. A plurality of circumferentially distributed second sliding legs 166 are fixed to the bottom surface of the second truncated cone 164, and the bottom end of the second sliding leg 166 is embedded in the second slide groove 167. The bottom end surface of the second sliding leg 166 is an arc surface, and the output shaft of the third motor 163 is connected to the center of the second truncated cone 164 by a key, and a hexagonal block 165 is fixed to the center of the top surface of the second truncated cone 164.

[0029] Each experimental box 7 is provided with a mounting mechanism 15 on the bottom surface, and the mounting mechanism 15 includes a fixed block 151, a first circular plate 152, a second circular plate 155 and a driving shaft 156. The fixed block 151, the first circular plate 152 and the second circular plate 155 are provided with a through hole 1511 in the middle thereof through which the driving shaft 156 can pass. The fixed block 151, the first circular plate 152 and the second circular plate 155 are sequentially sleeved on the driving shaft 156. A first bearing is installed between the first circular plate 152 and the driving shaft 156, and a first bearing is installed between the second circular plate 155 and the driving shaft 156. A second bearing is installed between them, a third bearing is installed between the fixed block 151 and the drive shaft 156, the first circular plate 152 is fixedly connected to the fixed block 151 by screws, the fixed block 151 is fixed on the top surface of the first truncated cone 5, the end face of the second circular plate 155 away from the first circular plate 152 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the experimental box 7, one end of the drive shaft 156 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the experimental box 7, and a hexagonal groove 157 matching with the hexagonal block 165 is opened in the center of the other end face, and the hexagonal block 165 can be embedded in the hexagonal groove 157.

[0030] When centrifugal force needs to be applied to the lithosphere experimental sample in the experimental box, the first motor is first used to drive the first truncated table to rotate, and the experimental box is moved to the top of the rotation positioning mechanism 16. Then the first motor is turned off, and the second cylinder 161 is started. The output end of the second cylinder 161 extends upward to push the second mounting plate 162 and the second truncated table 164 to move upward. The hexagonal block 165 on the top surface of the second truncated table 164 is inserted into the hexagonal groove 157 of the drive shaft 156. Then the third motor 163 is started, and the output shaft of the third motor 163 drives the second truncated table 164 and the hexagonal block 165 to rotate, and then drives the drive shaft 156 and the experimental box 7 to rotate, so that the lithosphere experimental sample 19 in the experimental box 7 is subjected to centrifugal force. Centrifugal force simulates the complex stress state in the movement of the crust. Under the action of centrifugal force, the lithosphere experimental sample 19 is subjected to lateral extrusion pressure, thereby simulating the extrusion effect of crustal stress on the lithosphere. At the same time, the push plate mechanism 12 is started, and the push plate mechanism 12 drives the slide plate 11 to move and hit the lithosphere experimental sample 19, further simulating the extrusion process of crustal stress on the lithosphere. When the experimental simulation of one experimental box 7 is completed, the experimental model of the next experimental box 7 can be quickly carried out without emptying the lithosphere experimental sample and re-entering it, which reduces the difficulty and complexity of the experiment, greatly improves the efficiency of the lithosphere deformation simulation experiment, and ensures that the experimental results of the lithosphere experimental samples are accurate and not disturbed. A marking block 18 is fixed to the side of the first truncated table 5. The marking block 18 corresponds to the experimental box 7 one by one. The center of the marking block 18 and the axis of the corresponding driving shaft 156 at the bottom of the experimental box 7 are located in the same radial direction of the first truncated table 5. An infrared sensor 17 is installed on the bottom surface of the installation box 1. The infrared sensor 17 is located between the second cylinder 161 and the side wall of the installation box 1. The infrared sensor 17 and the marking block 18 are opposite to each other in upper and lower parts, and are used to identify the marking block 18 and mark it.

[0031] Protruding positioning blocks 142 are fixed to the top of the two opposite sides of the limiting plate 13, and positioning rods 141 are fixed to the top of the fixed plate and the transparent plate 8. The positioning blocks 142 are provided with round through holes, and the positioning rods 141 pass through the round through holes and are slidably connected to the positioning blocks 142. Slide blocks are fixed to the two opposite sides of the limiting plate 13, and sliding grooves are provided at corresponding positions of the fixed plate and the transparent plate 8. The sliders are embedded in the sliding grooves, and a handle 143 is installed on the top of the limiting plate 13.

[0032] When the deformation simulation work of the lithosphere experimental samples in all the experimental boxes 7 is completed, the first cylinder 3 is used to drive the first truncated table 5 to extend out of the installation box 1, and the limit plate 13 is driven to move upward through the handle 143, so that the positioning block 142 moves on the positioning rod 141, and the limit plate 13 leaves the experimental box 7. Finally, the push plate mechanism 12 is used to push the slide plate 11 to slide from one end of the experimental box 7 to the other end, so that the lithosphere experimental samples are quickly moved out of the experimental box 7.

[0033] Example 3 An experimental method for simulating lithospheric deformation comprises the following steps: Step 1, according to the similarity principle of the rheological structure model and the structural physical simulation of the study area, an experimental model is established to determine the experimental materials of each layer of the lithosphere in the simulation experiment. The lithosphere experimental samples are composed of asthenosphere, lithosphere mantle and crust. The asthenosphere simulation materials are glycerol, syrup and honey; the lithosphere mantle simulation material is a mixture of silica gel and granular materials, and the crust simulation material is brittle granular materials and their mixtures. Different proportions of lithosphere experimental samples 19 are placed in different experimental boxes 7 in sequence; Step 2, observe whether the lithosphere experimental sample 19 in each experimental box 7 is placed stably. After it is stable, use the positioning mechanism 6 to drive the first round table 5 to rotate, that is, start the first motor, and the first motor drives the first round table 5 to rotate to adjust the position of each experimental box 7. During the adjustment process, use the high-precision infrared sensor 17 to accurately mark the marking block 18 on one side of the experimental box 7. Once the marking block 18 is accurately identified, immediately suspend the work of the positioning mechanism 6 to make the first round table 5 stop stably. At this time, the experimental box 7 has accurately entered the working area and is ready for the subsequent simulation experiment; Step 3, start the rotation positioning mechanism 16 at the bottom of the test box 7, that is, first start the second cylinder 161, the output end of the second cylinder 161 extends upward, pushes the second mounting plate 162 and the second truncated table 164 to move upward, and the hexagonal block 165 on the top surface of the second truncated table 164 is inserted into the hexagonal groove 157 at the bottom of the test box 7, and then starts the third motor 163, the output shaft of the third motor 163 drives the second truncated table 164 and the hexagonal block 165 to rotate, and then drives the test box 7 to rotate, so that the lithosphere experimental sample 19 in the test box 7 is subjected to centrifugal force, and at the same time starts the push plate mechanism 12, the push plate mechanism 12 drives the slide plate 11 to hit the lithosphere experimental sample 19, and the high-speed camera 10 continuously shoots, monitors the deformation of the lithosphere experimental sample 19 in real time, and collects experimental data; Step 4, repeating steps 2 and 3, moving the remaining test boxes 7 to the top of the rotation positioning mechanism 16, and completing the monitoring of the deformation of the lithosphere test samples 19 in all the test boxes 7 and the collection of experimental data; Step 5, the simulation experiment is finished, the rotation positioning mechanism 16 and the push plate mechanism 12 are closed, the first cylinder 3 is started, the first cylinder 3 drives the first truncated table 5 to extend out of the installation box 1, the limit plate 13 is pulled out upward, and the push plate mechanism 12 is started again. The push plate mechanism 12 drives the slide plate 11 to push out the lithosphere experimental sample 19 to complete the waste collection.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating lithospheric deformation, characterized in that: The invention comprises an installation box (1), wherein a first truncated platform (5) is arranged inside the installation box (1), a first motor (62) is arranged at the bottom of the first truncated platform (5), the first truncated platform (5) is sleeved on the end of the output shaft of the first motor (62), and is connected to the output shaft of the first motor (62) by a key, a plurality of circumferentially distributed experimental boxes (7) are fixed on the top surface of the first truncated platform (5), one side of the experimental box (7) is a limit plate (13), the other side opposite is a slide plate (11), one of the other two sides is a fixed plate, and the other side is a transparent plate (8), a high-speed camera (10) is installed on the outside of the transparent plate (8), and the outside of the slide plate (11) is The side is connected with a push plate mechanism (12), the bottom of the experimental box (7) is provided with a rotation positioning mechanism (16), the bottom of the first truncated table (5) is installed with a first cylinder (3) and a positioning mechanism (6), the positioning mechanism (6) comprises a first mounting plate (61) fixedly connected to the output end of the first cylinder (3), the first motor (62) is fixed to the middle of the top surface of the first mounting plate (61), the top surface of the first mounting plate (61) is provided with a circular first slide groove (65), the bottom surface of the first truncated table (5) is fixed with a plurality of first slide legs (63), the bottom end of the first slide leg (63) is embedded in the first slide groove (65).

2. The experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push plate mechanism (12) comprises a bracket (121), the bracket (121) is fixed on one side of the bottom end of the experimental box (7), a connecting plate (124) and a screw rod (122) are arranged inside the bracket (121), the screw rod (122) is threadedly connected to the connecting plate (124), a second motor (123) is installed outside the bracket (121), the output shaft of the second motor (123) is connected to the screw rod (122) through a coupling, and an end surface of the connecting plate (124) away from the screw rod (122) is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the slide plate (11).

3. The experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two guide rods (125) are arranged inside the bracket (121). The two guide rods (125) are respectively located on opposite sides of the screw rod (122). One end of the guide rod (125) is fixed to the bracket (121), and the other end is slidably connected to the connecting plate (124).

4. The experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotation positioning mechanism (16) is arranged in the installation box (1), and the rotation positioning mechanism (16) comprises a second cylinder (161), a second mounting plate (162) and a second truncated table (164). The bottom of the second cylinder (161) is fixed to the bottom surface inside the installation box (1), the second mounting plate (162) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second cylinder (161), a third motor (163) is fixed to the middle of the top surface of the second mounting plate (162), a circular second slide groove (167) is provided around the top surface, a plurality of circumferentially distributed second slide legs (166) are fixed to the bottom surface of the second truncated table (164), the bottom end of the second slide leg (166) is embedded in the second slide groove (167), the output shaft of the third motor (163) is connected to the second truncated table (164) by a key, and a hexagonal block (165) is fixed to the center of the top surface of the second truncated table (164).

5. The experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom surface of each of the experimental boxes (7) is provided with a mounting mechanism (15), the mounting mechanism (15) comprising a fixed block (151), a first circular plate (152), a second circular plate (155) and a driving shaft (156), the fixed block (151), the first circular plate (152) and the second circular plate (155) are all provided with through holes (1511) in the middle thereof through which the driving shaft (156) can pass, the fixed block (151), the first circular plate (152) and the second circular plate (155) are sequentially sleeved on the driving shaft (156), a first bearing is installed between the first circular plate (152) and the driving shaft (156), and a first bearing is installed between the second circular plate (155) and the driving shaft (156). A second bearing is installed between the shaft (156), a third bearing is installed between the fixing block (151) and the driving shaft (156), the first circular plate (152) and the fixing block (151) are fixedly connected by screws, the fixing block (151) is fixed on the top surface of the first truncated table (5), an end surface of the second circular plate (155) away from the first circular plate (152) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the experimental box (7), one end of the driving shaft (156) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the experimental box (7), and a hexagonal groove (157) matching with the hexagonal block (165) is opened at the center of the other end surface, and the hexagonal block (165) can be embedded in the hexagonal groove (157).

6. The experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation according to claim 5, characterized in that: A marking block (18) is fixed on the side of the first truncated table (5), the marking block (18) corresponds to the experimental box (7) one by one, the center of the marking block (18) and the axis of the driving shaft (156) at the bottom of the corresponding experimental box (7) are located in the same radial direction of the first truncated table (5), an infrared sensor (17) is installed on the bottom surface of the installation box (1), the infrared sensor (17) is located between the second cylinder (161) and the side wall of the installation box (1), and the infrared sensor (17) and the marking block (18) are opposite to each other in vertical direction.

7. The experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting plate (13) has protruding positioning blocks (142) fixed on the top of the two opposite side surfaces, and the fixing plate and the transparent plate (8) have positioning rods (141) fixed on the top. The positioning blocks (142) have round through holes, and the positioning rods (141) pass through the round through holes and are slidably connected to the positioning blocks (142).

8. The experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation according to claim 7, characterized in that: Slide blocks are fixed to the opposite sides of the limiting plate (13), and slide grooves are provided at corresponding positions of the fixed plate and the transparent plate (8), and the slide blocks are embedded in the slide grooves.

9. The experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation according to claim 8, characterized in that: A handle (143) is installed on the top of the limiting plate (13).

10. An experimental method using the experimental device for simulating lithosphere deformation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, placing lithosphere experimental samples (19) of different proportions into different experimental boxes (7); Step 2, starting the rotation positioning mechanism (16) at the bottom of the test box (7), the rotation positioning mechanism (16) drives the test box (7) to rotate, so that the lithosphere test sample (19) in the test box (7) is subjected to centrifugal force, and at the same time starting the push plate mechanism (12), the push plate mechanism (12) drives the slide plate (11) to hit the lithosphere test sample (19), and continuously photographing with a high-speed camera (10), monitoring the deformation of the lithosphere test sample (19) in real time, and collecting experimental data; Step 3, after the simulation experiment is finished, the rotation positioning mechanism (16) and the push plate mechanism (12) are closed, and the first cylinder (3) is started. The first cylinder (3) drives the first truncated table (5) to extend out of the installation box (1), and the limit plate (13) is pulled out upward. The push plate mechanism (12) is started again, and the push plate mechanism (12) drives the slide plate (11) to push out the lithosphere experimental sample (19), thereby completing the waste collection.

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