264 results about "Heat transfer coefficient" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of building energy conservation, and provides a real-time inversion method and system for a heat transfer coefficient of a building envelope, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining surface parameters and environment parameters of the building envelope; based on the obtained parameters and the physical neural network model, taking the minimum joint loss function based on the physical mechanism as a target, and performing inversion to obtain the optimal heat conductivity coefficient of the building envelope; and calculating the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope according to the obtained optimal heat conductivity coefficient of the building envelope, and completing real-time inversion of the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope.

The present application provides a dynamics analysis method for an ammonia combustion refrigeration system in large park cooling. The method comprises: on the basis of a geometric structure of an ammonia combustion chamber and a fuel supply amount, calculating the heat generated by ammonia combustion and analyzing the heat transfer mode between the combustion chamber and a desorption tower, the heat transfer mode comprising direct contact type heat transfer and partition type heat transfer, and simulating the heat transfer process to obtain and draw the heat flux distribution of the tower wall surface; on the basis of the flow state and a relationship curve between the pressure drop and the flow velocity, analyzing the desorption process of a refrigerant in a solution, and on the basis of the concentration of the solution, a boiling point of the refrigerant, and the vapor pressure, calculating local desorption rates at different positions in the desorption tower and the refrigerant vapor generation amount; and on the basis of the heat flux distribution, calculating the temperature distribution of the solution, and analyzing the heat transfer and mass transfer processes in the desorption tower to obtain a local heat transfer coefficient and the mass transfer efficiency distribution of the surface of a filler.

The invention discloses a synchronous reluctance motor magnetothermal coupling rapid calculation method based on a dynamic thermal network, and belongs to the technical field of motors. Comprising the following steps: calculating motor loss by adopting a finite element electromagnetic field model, and calculating a convective heat transfer coefficient by adopting a finite element fluid field model; constructing a three-dimensional thermal network comprising conduction, contact, convection thermal resistance, thermal capacity and a heat source, and solving to obtain an average temperature and a boundary temperature of component nodes; constructing a sub-domain temperature field calculation model of the heat source component, and calculating temperature distribution in combination with boundary conditions; introducing average temperature compensation thermal resistance and carrying out dynamic correction; carrying out magnetothermal coupling iteration, and updating the loss and the temperature until the precision is met; and introducing maximum temperature compensation thermal resistance into the thermal network, and solving to obtain an average temperature and a maximum temperature transient temperature rise curve of each component. Based on the technical means of combining electromagnetic field and fluid field finite element simulation with thermal network and subdomain temperature field calculation, efficient calculation of magnetothermal coupling of the synchronous reluctance motor is achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of material mechanical property testing, and provides an ultralow-temperature slow strain mechanical tensile test platform which comprises a vacuum Dewar unit, a liquid helium temperature control unit, a slow strain tensile unit, a measuring unit and a control unit, the vacuum Dewar unit comprises a vacuum Dewar body and is used for providing a closed low-temperature test environment; the liquid helium temperature control unit comprises a direct injection module and a recovery module, the direct injection module is used for directly injecting liquid helium to the gauge length section of the sample for cooling, and the recovery module is used for recovering and recycling unevaporated liquid helium; the slow strain stretching unit is used for stretching a sample arranged in the vacuum Dewar body at a low strain rate; the measuring unit is arranged in the vacuum Dewar body and is used for monitoring the temperature, the force value and the strain data of the sample in real time. Liquid helium is used as a cold source, the liquid helium is directly aligned to the gauge length section of the sample through the direct injection module, and compared with a traditional liquid helium steam natural convection heat exchange mode, the heat exchange coefficient is increased, and automatic precise temperature control is achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, in particular to a direct air cooling condenser fouling thermal resistance estimation method combined with a scaling mechanism, and aims to realize stable and accurate real-time estimation of the fouling thermal resistance of a condenser. The method includes the steps that operation parameters of the direct air cooling unit are collected and preprocessed to form a continuous time sequence; calculating multiple groups of cleaning total heat transfer coefficients based on the cleaning period operation parameters, training a machine learning model based on the cleaning total heat transfer coefficients, and establishing a cleaning heat transfer coefficient reference model; calculating an actual total heat transfer coefficient based on the current operation parameters, inputting the reference model to obtain a corresponding cleaning coefficient, and calculating initial fouling thermal resistance according to the cleaning coefficient; and establishing a discrete linear recursion physical filtering model based on a dirt deposition-denudation mechanism, identifying model parameters on line by taking the initial dirt thermal resistance as an observed quantity, performing physical constraint filtering on the model parameters, and outputting a final dirt thermal resistance online estimated value.

The invention discloses an external clamping type flow sensor medium temperature calculation method, and relates to the technical field of testing and metering, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the outer wall temperature measurement values of two sensors through a temperature collection device; by means of double-temperature-probe averaging treatment, accidental errors of single-point measurement are effectively reduced, three heat transfer mechanisms of heat transfer, solid heat conduction and convection-radiation combined heat dissipation are constructed, a fluid dynamic criterion is introduced to accurately calculate a convection heat transfer coefficient, quantitative heat transfer models outside and inside the tube are constructed, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved. By introducing an empirical formula dynamically coupled with the environment wind speed and a fluid mechanics criterion correlation formula based on the Reynolds number criterion, scene self-adaption accurate calculation of the key heat exchange coefficient is achieved, iterative correction of fluid physical property parameters is combined, and through iterative calculation and real-time correction of the physical property parameters, the real-time correction of the fluid physical property parameters is achieved. A three-layer progressive error correction system of dynamic time correction, scene database correction and multi-dimensional anti-interference correction is established, and high precision and high reliability of temperature calculation are achieved.

The invention discloses a self-adaptive variable cross-section micro-channel design method and system for a non-uniform heat source. The method and system are used for achieving the minimization of global power consumption on the premise that the local hot spot heat dissipation requirement is met. The method comprises the following steps: defining a central path of a micro-channel on a non-uniform heat source; mapping the heat flow density distribution map to a central path to generate a local heat flow density function distributed along the central path; based on the set target wall surface temperature, the fluid inlet parameter and the local heat flow density function, a local heat transfer coefficient needed for maintaining the target wall surface temperature at any position point is obtained through back calculation; for any position point, a group of candidate geometric sections meeting the local heat transfer coefficient are obtained through recognition based on a preset geometric correlation model; determining a target geometric section with the minimum local pressure gradient under the geometric correlation model from the candidate geometric sections; and combining the target geometric sections of all the position points along the central path to generate a complete three-dimensional variable-section geometric entity of the micro-channel.

The invention relates to a submarine cable current-carrying capacity calculation method considering the cooperative influence of seawater thermophysical characteristics and ocean current and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: calculating a heat conductivity coefficient of the seawater thermophysical characteristics on the basis of ocean current temperature; the average convective heat transfer coefficient of the submarine cable surface is calculated based on the seawater thermophysical property pair heat conductivity coefficient; based on the contact area between the seawater and the cable, the contact area between the seawater and the sediment, the temperature difference between the seawater layer and the outer surface of the cable, the temperature difference between the sediment layer and the outer surface of the submarine cable and the average convective heat transfer coefficient, calculating convective heat transfer power; calculating the area occupied by seawater in the heat transfer range of the submarine cable based on a preset heat transfer radius, and calculating a seawater heat transfer coefficient and a sediment heat transfer coefficient based on the area occupied by the seawater and the heat conductivity coefficient of the seawater thermophysical characteristics; calculating the resistance per unit length of the submarine cable conductor considering the conductor temperature; and calculating the submarine cable current-carrying capacity based on the convective heat transfer power, the submarine cable body heat transfer coefficient, the seawater heat transfer coefficient and the sediment heat transfer coefficient.

The invention discloses a building curtain wall heat transfer coefficient detection method, system and equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining thermotechnical data of a to-be-detected building curtain wall; the thermotechnical data comprises a frame width, a frame depth, a frame interval, an outdoor panel temperature matrix, an indoor panel temperature matrix and a heat flux density matrix; s2, processing the thermotechnical data of the to-be-tested building curtain wall by adopting a pre-trained regression model to obtain heat transfer data of the to-be-tested building curtain wall; s3, calculating a frame heat transfer coefficient of the to-be-tested building curtain wall based on the heat transfer data of the to-be-tested building curtain wall; and S4, acquiring linear heat transfer data of the building curtain wall to be tested, and obtaining a curtain wall heat transfer coefficient corresponding to the building curtain wall to be tested based on the linear heat transfer data in combination with the frame heat transfer coefficient. According to the invention, rapid detection of the heat transfer coefficient of the building curtain wall can be realized, and the method has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, relatively high precision and the like.

The invention discloses an intelligent control method and system for a heat supply system, and the method comprises the steps: calculating a temperature control response deviation ratio of each control period according to the difference between actual room temperatures and the difference between predicted room temperatures of adjacent control periods, calculating a response deviation duration index according to the time domain characteristics of a temperature control response deviation ratio sequence, and calculating the temperature control response deviation of each control period; according to mean value characteristics and fluctuation characteristics of a temperature control response deviation ratio sequence and a first-order difference sequence thereof, calculating a thermal characteristic change mode identification index, and combining the two to calculate update quantities of a heat transfer coefficient and a thermal inertia time constant; the room temperature of the next control period is predicted according to the updated heat transfer coefficient and the updated thermal inertia time constant, and an objective function of a multi-objective convex optimization problem is constructed based on the predicted room temperature and the valve adjustment amplitude of all users in the unit; and solving to obtain an optimal valve opening instruction to regulate and control the valve. The precision and stability of thermodynamic balance control are improved.

The embodiment of the invention provides a heat exchange equipment optimization design method and system, a medium and equipment, and the method comprises the steps that according to the design working condition of heat exchange equipment, thermodynamic parameters and geometric design parameters are determined; determining a pipe side heat transfer film coefficient and a shell side heat transfer film coefficient according to the geometric design parameters; according to the pipe side heat transfer film coefficient, the shell side heat transfer film coefficient, the heat exchanger pipeline outer side area, the heat exchanger pipeline inner side area and the pipe wall thickness, the total heat exchange coefficient is determined; according to the thermodynamic parameters and the total heat exchange coefficient, the total heat exchange area of the heat exchange equipment is determined; and the total heat exchange area is substituted into the evaluation model, and geometric design parameters corresponding to the total heat exchange area meeting preset conditions serve as target design parameters and are applied to design of the heat exchange equipment. Through the method, a heat exchange equipment design scheme considering both design flexibility and engineering feasibility can be obtained.

The application discloses an OTR tire pattern heat dissipation hole parameter design and heat dissipation strengthening method, and belongs to the tire structure design field.The method firstly establishes a tire parameterized model containing a heat dissipation hole, determines the length, width, depth and inclination angle of the heat dissipation hole as key design variables; subsequently, sample points are generated in the design space by using Latin hypercube sampling, and the average convective heat transfer coefficient corresponding to each sample is calculated through numerical simulation; then, a radial basis function proxy model with the design variables as input and the heat transfer coefficient as response is constructed, and the accuracy thereof is verified; thereafter, the design variables are globally optimized by using an adaptive simulated annealing algorithm with the maximization of the average convective heat transfer coefficient as the target, and the optimal structure parameters are obtained; finally, the optimization scheme is modeled and numerically verified.The application significantly improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the OTR tire through multi-parameter collaborative optimization, has the advantages of short design cycle, strong optimization ability and good versatility, and is helpful to prolong the tire life.

The invention relates to the technical field of metal material hot working technologies, in particular to a casting blank temperature field and structure evolution regulation and control method which comprises the steps that firstly, a three-dimensional finite element model is established based on the casting blank size and material parameters, temperature field simulation is conducted by setting different surface comprehensive heat exchange coefficients, and section temperature difference and heat transfer efficiency data are obtained; determining an optimized heat exchange condition; secondly, selecting a key temperature point based on temperature field characteristics disclosed by simulation to carry out a heat treatment experiment, establishing a quantitative relation among the heating temperature, the heat preservation time and the grain size, and determining a critical temperature and a critical heat preservation time for remarkable coarsening of the grains; and finally, in the actual heating process, the surface heat exchange boundary is controlled according to the optimized heat exchange conditions, and a heating curve and heat preservation time are set according to the quantitative relation and the critical parameters, so that the casting blank with the uniform section temperature and controlled grain coarsening is obtained. According to the method, precise cooperative regulation and control in the large casting blank heating process are achieved.

The invention discloses a heat transfer calculation method for pulsating heat pipes with adjustable inclination angles and liquid filling rates. The heat transfer performance of the pulsating heat pipes with different inclination angles and liquid filling rates is researched by adopting a numerical method; calculating the heat transfer process by solving the energy equation of the steam bomb and the energy and momentum equation of the liquid bomb, so as to predict the pulsation phenomenon of the working medium in the pulsating heat pipe; on the basis of a momentum heat mass transfer model, calculating the phase change heat transfer capacity through film condensation and a down-flow film boiling heat transfer coefficient, investigating the influence of different inclination angles on the liquid film thickness and the down-flow film speed, and increasing the influence of the down-flow film on the liquid elastic length; and the liquid bomb pulsation condition of the pulsating heat pipe under different inclination angles and different liquid filling rates is researched, and then the heat transfer performance of the pulsating heat pipe is calculated. The working heat transfer performance of the pulsating heat pipes with different inclination angles and liquid filling rates and the motion state of the working medium are analyzed and calculated, and guidance is provided for parameter development and engineering application of the pulsating heat pipes.

The invention provides a Nusselt number experimental calculation method for a special flow channel structure, which comprises the following steps: determining structural parameters and basic input parameters of the special flow channel structure PCHE, and constructing a thermodynamic model of the special flow channel structure PCHE; based on a thermodynamic model, obtaining a total heat transfer coefficient and total heat transfer resistance through a thermal resistance method, and then determining an undetermined coefficient; a heat exchange experiment between the first working media is carried out, nonlinear regression fitting is carried out on the undetermined coefficient through an intelligent algorithm, and a first Nusselt number is obtained; and carrying out a heat exchange experiment between the first working medium and the second working medium, and carrying out nonlinear regression fitting on the undetermined coefficient by using the same intelligent algorithm in combination with the first Nusselt number to obtain a second Nusselt number. According to the method, step-by-step nonlinear regression is carried out on the undetermined coefficient in the thermal resistance model through two groups of heat exchange experiments in combination with an intelligent algorithm, so that the accuracy of measuring the wall temperature is improved, and the fitting precision of the Nusselt number is improved.

The present application relates to building energy saving and energy consumption data analysis technical field, disclose a kind of based on multi-source data's existing building energy consumption evaluation system and method, system includes: data acquisition module obtains multi-source data sequence and solves power factor;Steady-state slice module removes transient power sequence to generate quasi-steady data set;Load decoupling module extracts and deducts static baseline and dynamic activity load;Efficiency compensation module constructs compensation factor according to power factor variance, exports pure heat load power sequence;Hysteresis diagnosis module decomposes high and low frequency components, extracts shallow and deep thermal inertia delay parameters;Defect evaluation module calculates equivalent comprehensive heat transfer coefficient, and it is combined with two delay parameters and compared with standard benchmark, judge the defect condition of envelope structure.The present application excludes personnel activity interference, equipment transient fluctuation and unit energy efficiency deviation, obtains energy consumption data reflecting the actual heat transfer characteristics of building envelope structure, realizes the determination of building physical defect type.

The invention provides an in-use heat exchanger energy efficiency evaluation method and system based on the first law of thermodynamics. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring volume flow, temperature and pressure of cold and hot fluid of a heat exchanger under an in-use working condition and pressure measuring hole ground clearance data; the total heat transfer coefficient, the cold fluid pressure drop and the hot fluid pressure drop of the heat exchanger under the working condition are calculated; stipulating the flow velocity and qualitative temperature of cold and hot fluid of the heat exchanger under a standard working condition; calculating the total heat transfer coefficient, the cold fluid pressure drop and the hot fluid pressure drop correction, and calculating the total heat transfer coefficient, the cold fluid pressure drop and the hot fluid pressure drop of the in-use heat exchanger under the standard working condition; the energy efficiency index value of the in-use heat exchanger under the standard working condition is calculated, and energy efficiency grades are divided. The total heat transfer coefficient correction and the pressure drop correction are introduced, and the influence of dirt in the heat exchanger on energy efficiency is fully considered. By specifying the standard working condition, the evaluation result is not affected by the fluid temperature and flow velocity, and the stability is good.

The invention relates to the technical field of boiler equipment, in particular to a boiler air heater based on an octahedral array structure. According to the technical scheme, the boiler air heater based on the octahedral array structure comprises heat exchange pipeline units, the boiler air heater is formed by arranging the multiple heat exchange pipeline units in parallel in the steam flowing direction, each heat exchange pipeline unit comprises a regular octahedral pipeline and a cylindrical pipe, and multiple sets of regular octahedral pipelines are arranged on one side of each cylindrical pipe; the heat exchange unit formed by connecting a plurality of regular octahedron pipelines in series is adopted, each regular octahedron is of a structure with a complex space flow channel formed by connecting a plurality of edge pipes, when steam flows through each octahedron unit, the steam is subjected to multiple times of flow division and re-convergence processes, and therefore the heat transfer coefficient of the steam in the pipes is effectively increased, and the heat exchange efficiency of the steam is improved. And meanwhile, the non-straight structure on the outer surface of the octahedral pipeline also enhances the flow disturbance of the air side, the convection heat exchange efficiency outside the pipeline is improved, and the heat exchange capacity and the heat energy utilization efficiency of the air heater are remarkably improved.

The utility model discloses an efficient self-cleaning device in a heat exchange tube. The efficient self-cleaning device comprises a scraper device, the heat exchange tube, a spring, a fixed end and an end cover. The scraping blade device comprises a central shaft and a scraping blade, and the scraping blade is fixed on the central shaft; one end of the fixed end is fixed at one end of the heat exchange tube, and the end cover is mounted at the other end of the fixed end; one end of the spring is hung on the end cover, and the other end is hung on the scraper device. According to the utility model, a self-operated mode is adopted, so that automatic operation of the scale cleaning part is realized, and extra manpower and energy do not need to be consumed; the center shaft is made of a hollow pipe and a light material, gravity-buoyancy dynamic balance is achieved, it is guaranteed that the scraper and the heat exchange pipe run concentrically, and the stuck failure rate is reduced. The scraper blade adopts a spiral curved surface structure, generates high-intensity turbulent flow, destroys a thermal boundary layer, and has the functions of dirt removal and heat transfer enhancement. The dirt deposition probability is reduced through fluid disturbance, and the heat transfer coefficient is greatly increased; flow change is dynamically responded through the spring device, and the axial movement of the scraper is adjusted.

The invention relates to the technical field of building energy conservation, in particular to a heat bridge blocking treatment method for bolt connection of a sandwich heat preservation outer wall. In order to solve the problems that in the prior art, a steel bolt penetrates through a sandwich thermal insulation wallboard to form a thermal bridge, so that dewing, heat transfer coefficient deterioration and the like are caused, a pre-buried GFRP sleeve (a glass fiber reinforced polymer sleeve) is adopted to block an axial heat conduction path of the bolt, and the anti-loosening problem is solved in combination with a local micro glue injection technology. The method specifically comprises the steps that a threaded GFRP sleeve is pre-buried in the sandwich heat preservation outer wall, and connecting angle steel is anchored to a main body structural beam; a waterproof-airtight system (building glue and a water stop ring gasket) is arranged; when the wallboard is installed, the heads of the bolts and the openings of the sleeves are pre-coated with microcapsule thread locking agents, and connection is completed through one-time tightening. According to the method, the linear thermal bridge value of the joint is smaller than or equal to 0.01 W / (m.K), the bearing capacity of the bolt is kept unchanged, detachability is achieved, and the thermotechnical and anti-seismic requirements of ultra-low energy consumption buildings are met.

The utility model provides a horizontal condenser for producing ethylene carbonate, which relates to the technical field of horizontal condensers and comprises a condensing tank and an air inlet component, the air inlet component comprises an air inlet pipe fixedly connected onto the condensing tank, a flow shielding ring is fixedly connected inside the air inlet pipe, and a shielding opening is formed inside the flow shielding ring; the turbulent flow assembly comprises a front-side turbulent flow plate fixedly connected to the interior of the condensation tank, and a rear-side turbulent flow plate is fixedly connected to the end, away from the front-side turbulent flow plate, of the interior of the front-side turbulent flow plate; a liquid phase equilibrium assembly; according to the design, the conical shielding opening is matched with the spoiler, high-speed jet flow at an inlet is converted into low-speed uniform flow, local scouring and short circuit are avoided, the gas-liquid contact efficiency is improved, the turbulence degree is increased through the S-shaped flow channel, the liquid film thickness is reduced, the heat transfer coefficient is increased, and the condensation efficiency is remarkably improved. And finally, the liquid phase balance assembly ensures that the condensate is discharged in time through height difference drainage and pressure balance design, and heat exchange is prevented from being affected by accumulated liquid.

An intelligent sensing and control method and apparatus for a converter cooling system. The method comprises: acquiring a real-time inlet-outlet coolant temperature difference of a modular cold plate, and a total flow rate; acquiring a water pump heat generation rate according to an operating curve of a water pump; acquiring total heat generated by a primary cooling unit according to the inlet-outlet coolant temperature difference, the total flow rate, and the water pump heat generation rate; acquiring an inlet–outlet temperature difference of an air cooling medium of a heat exchanger; acquiring an operating coefficient of a fan according to an operating state of the fan; acquiring a heat transfer coefficient of a secondary cooling unit according to the total heat generated, the inlet–outlet temperature difference of the air cooling medium, and the operating coefficient; and adjusting the fan according to the heat transfer coefficient. The method accurately monitors converter cooling systems in terms of real-time heat transfer capability and heat transfer coefficient changes, effectively guiding routine inspection, maintenance and operational use such as filter cleaning and fan control strategies, and significantly decreasing the likelihood of over-temperature fault events. The system has the same beneficial effect.

The embodiment of the invention provides a carbon dioxide convective heat transfer coefficient testing system and method. The testing system comprises a filling module, a circulation loop unit and a data module. The circulation loop unit comprises a main pipeline, a circulation pump, a first flow regulating valve, a flow meter, a pressure regulating valve, a first heating temperature controller, a micro-channel test assembly and a carbon dioxide cooler which form a loop; the micro-channel testing assembly comprises a testing element with a micro-channel, a second heating temperature controller arranged on the outer wall surface of the micro-channel of the testing element, a plurality of temperature detectors, a first pressure detector, a first temperature detector, a second temperature detector and a second pressure detector; the filling module is connected to an inlet of the main pipeline and used for boosting the carbon dioxide working medium and filling the carbon dioxide working medium into the circulation loop unit, and the data module is electrically connected with the circulation loop unit. The micro-channel convective heat transfer coefficient can be directly obtained, the system is simple, the cost is low, and the test precision is high.

The invention relates to a liquid cooling system, in particular to a digital twin modeling and online evaluation method and evaluation system for the thermal cycle life of a liquid cooling system. The method comprises the following steps: dispersing a cold plate, a heat exchanger, a pipeline, a pump and a cooled part into a multi-node thermal-fluid network based on a liquid cooling loop structure, and constructing a digital twin model of the liquid cooling system; temperature, flow, pressure and power data are collected in the operation process, a driving model solves the node temperature, and thermal resistance, thermal capacity and a heat exchange coefficient are subjected to self-adaptive correction through online parameter identification; the temperature-time history of virtual measuring points such as key welding spots and interfaces is reconstructed by utilizing the corrected model under the condition of limited sensor arrangement, a thermal cycle spectrum is obtained by adopting rain flow counting, and the life damage degree and the residual life are calculated in combination with a thermal fatigue life model and a Miner linear damage criterion. According to the method, the accuracy and timeliness of thermal cycle life evaluation of the key components of the liquid cooling system are remarkably improved, and preventive maintenance and full-life-cycle management are facilitated.

A vapor chamber which enables to raise the heat transfer coefficient by improving the transport efficiency of the working fluid, and a manufacturing method thereof. A vapor chamber includes a working fluid in a sealed internal space formed by joining a first metal sheet and a second metal sheet, in which in an opposite surface of at least one metal sheet (at least opposite surface 12a in FIGS. 1A and 1B) among opposite surfaces 11a, 12a at which the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet are facing each other, main grooves extending continuously or discontinuously towards one direction (extending direction X of main groove) are formed in line at a predetermined interval, and connection grooves connecting main grooves 21a, 21b which are adjacent are formed at irregular arrangement pitches and irregular grooves widths toward a different direction than the one direction (extending direction X of main groove 21).

The invention relates to the technical field of glass, and discloses film type hollow glass which is applied to the high altitude of a building, the film type hollow glass comprises outer-layer glass, middle-arranged glass and inner-layer glass which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside in the first direction, and low-radiation films are attached to the inward sides of the outer-layer glass, the middle-arranged glass and the inner-layer glass; a sealed first cavity is defined between the outer-layer glass and the middle-arranged glass, and a sealed second cavity is defined between the middle-arranged glass and the inner-layer glass. The thickness of the first cavity is the same as that of the second cavity, the thickness of the first cavity ranges from 6 mm to 15 mm, and filling gas used for heat insulation is arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity so that the heat transfer coefficient of the thin film type hollow glass can be smaller than 0.800 W / (m.K). The heat transfer coefficient of the thin film type hollow glass can be smaller than 0.800 W / (m.K), and the heat transfer coefficient of the thin film type hollow glass can be smaller than 0.800 W / (m.K). The high-altitude position of a building provided with the film type hollow glass can meet the ultra-low energy consumption requirement.

A gas burner assembly for a cooking appliance has a burner head (28) with a perforated wall (34) having a plurality of holes (44) and a heat exchanger (36) with an outer wall (58) surrounding the perforated wall (34) on the outside, as well as a flow device configured to direct an airflow (56) along a flow path (W) over the heat exchanger (36) in an operating mode of the gas burner assembly, so that the heat exchanger (36) heats the air flowing over the outer wall (58). The sum of the opening cross-sectional areas of the holes (44) in a first circumferential section (71) is proportional to the heat transfer coefficient (α1) in this first local circumferential section, and the sum of the opening cross-sectional areas of the holes (44) in a second circumferential section (72) is proportional to the heat transfer coefficient (α2) in this second local circumferential section. Furthermore, a cooking appliance with such a gas burner assembly is provided.

The invention discloses a FLUENT-based temperature field simulation method for a jet quenching process, belongs to the technical field of heat treatment numerical simulation, and aims to solve the technical problems that the temperature measurement difficulty of an anti-heat transfer method is high and the heat exchange coefficient at an interface is difficult to accurately and reversely deduce in the temperature field research of the quenching process of an existing large-scale variable-cross-section steel pipe. The temperature field simulation method comprises the following steps: S1, establishing a solid structure and an internal fluid geometric model; s2, constructing a solid structure and an internal fluid grid model; s3, setting a solving method; s4, setting calculation boundary conditions; s5, finite element simulation analysis is conducted on the quenching cooling process of the large-scale variable-cross-section steel pipe through Fluent software, and a simulation result is obtained; s6, analyzing a simulation result to obtain a temperature change curve and a temperature distribution cloud chart of the large-scale variable-cross-section steel pipe at different moments; and S7, determining quenching process parameters according to a simulation result. According to the method, more accurate and reliable temperature field data of the large variable-cross-section steel pipe in the inner-spraying and outer-spraying quenching process can be obtained.

This invention relates to the field of building load calculation and building envelope optimization technology, specifically disclosing a method for calculating unsteady heat transfer in unsteady building envelopes with unsteady physical properties. The method includes the following steps: first, calculating the dynamic transfer matrix of the building envelope based on the variation law of the heat transfer coefficient of the unsteady physical property medium layer; then, obtaining the corresponding periodic response coefficient of the building envelope based on the hourly changes in outdoor conditions; finally, calculating the unsteady heat transfer when the heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope changes. This invention employs the above-mentioned method for calculating unsteady heat transfer in unsteady building envelopes with unsteady physical properties. By utilizing the variation law of the heat transfer coefficient of the unsteady physical property medium layer in the building envelope, the transfer matrix and periodic response coefficient of the building envelope can be optimized in real time, thereby matching the actual outdoor conditions and accurately quantifying the unsteady heat transfer of the building envelope.

This invention relates to the field of fishery equipment technology, specifically to a fish-attracting lamp based on a composite heat dissipation structure and its manufacturing method. The fish-attracting lamp based on the composite heat dissipation structure of this application includes a chimney-shaped shell, with a flow guiding component inside the shell and a light component outside the shell. A protective component is provided outside the light component, enabling natural convection driven by the chimney effect, eliminating the need for active heat dissipation components such as fans, thus avoiding energy consumption, noise, and mechanical failure risks. The outer side of the shell has an arc-shaped curved surface with grooves perpendicular to the direction of gravity distributed on it. This grooves periodically disrupt the thermal boundary layer, enhancing fluid mixing and allowing for more efficient heat exchange near the surface. Simultaneously, the edges of the grooves create local separation and reattachment zones, increasing local turbulence and improving the heat transfer coefficient.