308results about How to "Uniform maintenance" patented technology

PCT No. PCT / EP96 / 05140 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 23, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 23, 1998 PCT Filed Nov. 21, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97 / 19206 PCT Pub. Date May 29, 1997The invention relates to a method for the electrolytic deposition of metal coatings, in particular of copper coatings with certain physical-mechanical and optical properties and uniform coating thickness. According to known methods using soluble anodes and applying direct current, only uneven metal distribution can be attained on complex shaped workpieces. By using a pulse current or pulse voltage method, the problem of the coatings being of varying thickness at various places on the workpiece surfaces can indeed be reduced. However, the further problem of the geometric ratios being changed continuously during the depositing process by dissolving of the anodes is not resolved thus. This can be avoided by using insoluble anodes. In order to guarantee sufficient stability of the anodes and a bright coating even at those points on the workpiece surfaces, onto which the metal is deposited with high current density, it is essential to add compounds of an electrochemically reversible redox system to the depositing solution.

A method of driving a light source, a light source apparatus for performing the method, and a display apparatus having the light source apparatus are disclosed in accordance with one or more embodiments. In the method, a plurality of light source strings connected in parallel is driven by applying a driving voltage to a first terminal of the light source strings. A peak current due to a voltage deviation of each of the light source strings is switch-controlled to uniform an average current of the light source strings. Thus, a peak current flowing through light source strings in accordance with a voltage deviation of the light source strings is switch-controlled, so that an average current of the light source strings may be uniformly maintained. Therefore, a voltage deviation is not consumed as power, so that damage to circuit elements due to heat may be prevented.

Disclosed herein is a cushion pad structure, which is coupled to a headband as an integral component of safety hats, protective masks, and the like, so as to maintain the uniform balance of the headband, thereby securing stable wearing of the above protective equipment on a wearer's head, and preventing biasing thereof. The cushion pad structure comprises a cushion pad which has a plurality of slip-prevention pieces formed at an inner peripheral surface thereof, and a groove defined at an outer peripheral surface thereof, and a fixing clip which is configured to be engaged in the groove of the cushion pad, and has upper and lower U-shaped fastening pieces formed at both lateral ends thereof. The fixing clip is formed, using an injection molding process, such that it is integral with the cushion pad.

A nutriculture device and a stack-type nutriculture pot system for use in the nutriculture device are disclosed. The nutriculture vice includes moving means for periodically moving a plurality of nutriculture pots, each having culture soil for supporting a crop, on a predetermined closed loop type moving track, a spray nozzle installed at a location on the moving track of the nutriculture pots, for supplying a nutrient solution to the nutriculture pot passing through the location, and a nutrient solution recovery channel for recovering the nutrient solution flowing from the nutriculture pot. Since the above-described nutriculture device supplies a nutrient solution to a plurality of nutriculture pots using a single spray nozzle, its construction can be noticeably simplified. Also, since a nutriculture pot moves periodically so that its location in a houseplant changes at any time, an amount of sunshine applied to a crop is uniformly maintained, allowing the crop to grow evenly.

Thermoplastic films and laminates are made by extrusion and stretching using differential speed rollers employing a short stretching gap of no more than one inch immediately after the extruded film product is formed. The method and apparatus control the thickness of the stretched film and impart desirable mechanical properties thereto such as film products with a high modulus for handling and suitable tensile for softness.

Disclosed herein is a cushion pad structure, which is coupled to a headband as an integral component of safety hats, protective masks, and the like, so as to maintain the uniform balance of the headband, thereby securing stable wearing of the above protective equipment on a wearer's head, and preventing biasing thereof. The cushion pad structure comprises a cushion pad which has a plurality of slip-prevention pieces formed at an inner peripheral surface thereof, and a groove defined at an outer peripheral surface thereof, and a fixing clip which is configured to be engaged in the groove of the cushion pad, and has upper and lower U-shaped fastening pieces formed at both lateral ends thereof. The fixing clip is formed, using an injection molding process, such that it is integral with the cushion pad.

A wireless visible light communication system is provided. The system includes optical transmitters and optical receivers for receiving optical signals, wherein each of the optical transmitters includes a first light source for generating an optical signal, and at least one light source capable of generating light which has a color equal to that of the optical signal, and has a wavelength different from that of the optical signal.

A blood component measuring apparatus includes a fixing apparatus for fixing a body part of an examinee, the body part including a tissue to be examined, a light source portion for radiating light onto the tissue to be examined, the tissue to be examined covering the light source portion, a photodetector for detecting light passing through the tissue to be examined, the photodetector facing the light source portion, and an analyzer for analyzing the light detected by the photodetector, wherein the fixing apparatus includes first and second fixing members for fixing first and second portions of the body part, respectively, the first and second portions of the body part being connected to the tissue to be examined, wherein the first and second fixing members are operable to move depending on a location of the tissue to be examined.

An improved AM OLED pixel circuit and method of wide dynamic range dimming for AM OLED displays are disclosed that maintain color balance throughout the dimming range, and also maintain the uniformity of the luminance and chromaticity of the display at low gray-levels as the display is dimmed to lower luminance values. As such, AM OLED displays can meet the stringent color / dimming specifications required for existing and future avionics, cockpit, and hand-held military device display applications. Essentially, the OLED pixel circuit and method of dimming that are disclosed use Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) of the OLED pixel current to achieve the desired display luminance. Two example circuits are disclosed that externally PW modulate the common cathode voltage or common power supply voltage to modulate the OLED current in order to achieve the desired display luminance. Three example circuits are disclosed that incorporate additional transistor switches in the pixel circuit to modulate the OLED current during the frame time. By PWM of the OLED current, in combination with data voltage (or current) modulation, wide dynamic range dimming can be achieved while maintaining the color balance and the luminance and chromaticity uniformity required over the surface of the display involved.

A fusing unit, and an image forming apparatus including the same, includes: a driving roller; a belt disposed to be driven by the driving roller; a nip plate disposed along a lengthwise direction of the driving roller with the belt being disposed between the driving roller and the nip plate, the nip plate being pressed toward the driving roller to form a fusing nip; a heat radiating body disposed along the lengthwise direction to heat the nip plate by heat conduction; and a heat radiating body pressing member to press the heat radiating body toward the nip plate to prevent the heat radiating body from being spaced from the nip plate due to thermal deformation. The image forming apparatus includes: an image forming unit to form an image on a printing medium with a developer; and the fusing unit.

An optical scanning system and method for detecting anomalies, including pattern defects and particulate contaminants, on both patterned and unpatterned surfaces, using a light beam, scanning at a grazing angle with respect to the surfaces, a plurality of detectors and an interchannel communication scheme to compare data from each detector, which facilitates characterizing anomalies. The light beam illuminates a spot on the surface which is scanned over a short scan-line. The surface is moved in a manner so that the spot is scanned over its entire area in a serpentine fashion along adjacent striped regions. The plurality of detectors include groups of collector channels disposed circumferentially around the surface, a bright field reflectivity / autoposition channel, an alignment / registration channel and an imaging channel. The collector channels in each group are symmetrically disposed, in the azimuth, on opposite sides of the center of the scan line. The position of the collector channels, as well as the polarization of the beam, facilitates distinguishing pattern defects from particulate contaminants. The bright field reflectivity / autoposition channel is positioned to receive specularly reflected light that carries information concerning local variation in reflectivity, which is used to classify detected anomalies, as well as determine variations in the height of the surface. The alignment / registration channel is positioned to detect a maximum of the light scattered from the pattern on the surface to ensure that the streets of die present on the surface are oriented so as not to be oblique with respect to the scan line. The imaging channel combines the advantages of a scanning system and an imaging system while improving signal / background ratio of the present system.

Thermoplastic films and laminates are made by extrusion and stretching using differential speed rollers employing a short stretching gap of no more than one inch immediately after the extruded film product is formed. The method and apparatus control the thickness of the stretched film and impart desirable mechanical properties thereto such as film products with a high modulus for handling and suitable tensile for softness.

A lighting fixture includes a directional light source that produces a plurality of light rays. An optical module is coupled to the directional light source to focus the plurality of light rays into a beam of light rays to be output by the lighting fixture. The angular distribution of a majority of the beam relative to a vector normal to a ceiling on or near which the fixture is to be installed is in a range of 70 to 95 degrees. A blocking structure is used to block a direct view of the beam of light when the fixture is installed such that only indirect light is primarily visible from a viewer at least in or around a working plane substantially parallel to the ceiling.

The present embodiments generally relate to a display panel and a display device which may recognize touch. A display panel is provided in which a touch sensor and a touch line are disposed in an active area in which a part of an outer edge of the touch line is curved to correspond to a curved shape of the active area in the display panel so that the touch sensing is allowed in display panels having various shapes. Further, a touch display device is provided in which an open area is located between two adjacent touch lines disposed on the display panel so that touch sensing is allowed also in the display panel including an open area such as a hole or a notch.

A processing system that can supply a material gas produced inside a material reservoir tank into a processing apparatus while generating almost no pressure loss is provided. In a processing system comprising: a processing apparatus including a gas injection means 42 for injecting a specific material gas into a processing vessel 26 in order to provide specific processing to an object to be processed W, said material gas being produced from a metallic compound material M with low vapor pressure; and a gas supply system 24 for supplying said specific material gas to said gas injection means, said gas injection means is a shower head portion and said gas supply system provides: a gas passage 56 extending upwardly from said showerhead portion; a material reservoir tank 58 attached to the upper-end portion of said gas passage for containing said metallic compound material therein; and an open / close valve 60 for opening / closing said gas passage.

In a gasket and a display apparatus having the gasket, the gasket is interposed between a circuit board and a protective member to transmit electromagnetic waves generated from the circuit board to the protective member. The elastic member separates the circuit board from the protective member. The conductive member surrounds the elastic member and electrically connects the circuit board with the protective member to transmit the electromagnetic waves. The supporting member is provided between the elastic member and the conductive member to support the contact area of the gasket making contact with the circuit board. The adhesive member is provided on the conductive member corresponding to the supporting member to bond the conductive member to the circuit board. Thus, the gasket is not separated from the circuit board, thereby preventing malfunction of the display apparatus.

A method for producing a protective coat formed on the top surface of a substrate, or on the top surface of a thin film layered body formed on the substrate is disclosed, wherein the protective coat comprises silicon oxynitride in which the atomic ratio of Si / O / N is 100 / X / Y (130≦X+Y≦180, 10≦X≦135, 5≦Y≦150), wherein the protective coat is formed by a sputtering method in which silicon nitride is used as a target material, an inert gas is used as a sputtering gas, and N2 is used as a reactive feed gas. The oxygen component of the obtained protective coat comprising the silicon oxynitride is incorporated into the composition of the protective coat by degradation of moisture that was present in the substrate or the thin film layered body or in the reaction apparatus.

In a light emitting device having a light emitting element, mounted on a substrate, at least one portion of which is coated with a mold component, the mold component is provided with resin particles and or inorganic material particles, phosphor particles and a sealing resin, and phosphor particles have a specific gravity different from that of resin particles and / or the inorganic material particles, and are made from a grain-shaped phosphor which, when irradiating with excited light, emits fluorescent light having a wavelength longer than that of the excited light, with resin particles and / or the inorganic material particles and the phosphor particles being dispersed in sealing resin; thus, the present invention relates to such a light emitting device and a method for manufacturing the same.

The present invention suppresses the spreading by wetting of an orientation film of a liquid crystal display panel outside a display region and, at the same time, maintains the uniformity of film thickness of the orientation film within a display region. In a liquid crystal display device which includes a display panel which arranges a sealing material having an annular shape between a pair of substrates, seals a liquid crystal material in a space surrounded by the pair of substrates and the sealing material, the pair of substrates form orientation films on surfaces thereof opposite to surfaces thereof which face each other, the orientation films are brought into contact with transparent electrodes which are formed on surfaces of transparent substrates by way of insulation layers, at least one substrate out of the pair of substrates includes an elongated groove portion which extends in the direction along an outer periphery of the display region in a substantially annular region which is arranged inside a region where the sealing material is arranged and outside the display region, and the groove portion is formed of recessed grooves which are formed in the insulation layer and an ITO film which extends along side surfaces and bottom surfaces of the recessed grooves.

A fail-safe method and apparatus for high voltage parts in a hybrid vehicle is provided. In the fail-safe method, it is determined whether or not a high voltage main relay is turned off. Here, when the high voltage main relay is turned off, a voltage is charged into a direct current (DC) link using a counter electromotive force generated in a motor generator linked with a revolution of an engine. Voltage control is performed such that the voltage of the DC link is uniformly maintained using an inverter for the motor generator.

Techniques disclosed herein include apparatus and processes for generating plasma having a uniform electron density across an electrode used to generate the plasma. An upper electrode of a capacitively coupled plasma system can include structural features configured to assist in generating the uniform plasma. Such structural features define a surface shape, on a surface that faces the plasma. Such structural features can include a set of concentric rings having an approximately rectangular cross section, and protruding from the surface of the upper electrode. Such structural features can also include nested elongated protrusions having a cross-sectional size and shape, with spacing of the protrusions selected to result in a system that generates uniform density plasma. A dielectric member or sheet can be positioned on the structural features to prevent or inhibit erosion from plasma while still maintaining plasma uniformity.

A method for heating a wafer to a predetermined temperature, the wafer being held by a holding unit and being accommodated in a processing container equipped with a heater. The wafer is heated to a processing temperature while positioning the wafer at an adjacent position that results form making the wafer approach the heating surface of the heater. After heating the wafer to the predetermined temperature, the wafer is separated from the flat bottom surface of the container body to a processing position. In this state, a processing chamber of the processing container is supplied with a processing fluid, while the holding unit and the heater are relatively moved close to and apart from each other intermittently or continuously. Accordingly, it is possible to quickly heat the substrate to a processing temperature while supplying the substrate with the processing fluid uniformly. This improves throughout and the homogenization in processing.

An improved AM OLED pixel circuit and method of wide dynamic range dimming for AM OLED displays are disclosed that maintain color balance throughout the dimming range, and also maintain the uniformity of the luminance and chromaticity of the display at low gray-levels as the display is dimmed to lower luminance values. As such, AM OLED displays can meet the stringent color / dimming specifications required for existing and future avionics, cockpit, and hand-held military device display applications. Essentially, the OLED pixel circuit and method of dimming that are disclosed use Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) of the OLED pixel current to achieve the desired display luminance. Two example circuits are disclosed that externally PW modulate the common cathode voltage or common power supply voltage to modulate the OLED current in order to achieve the desired display luminance. Three example circuits are disclosed that incorporate additional transistor switches in the pixel circuit to modulate the OLED current during the frame time. By PWM of the OLED current, in combination with data voltage (or current) modulation, wide dynamic range dimming can be achieved while maintaining the color balance and the luminance and chromaticity uniformity required over the surface of the display involved.

A current reference circuit has a band gap voltage generating circuit, a voltage buffer, a voltage-to-current converting circuit and an auto-tuner. The band gap voltage generating circuit generates a band gap reference voltage. The voltage buffer generates a first bias voltage and a second bias voltage. The voltage-to-current converting circuit generates a source current in response to a tuning voltage. The auto-tuner generates the tuning voltage to maintain a transconductance. Thus, the current reference circuit may automatically adjust the transconductance, so that the current reference circuit may supply the source current that is stable against temperature and process variations.

A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device having a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other with a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, and a sealing member formed in a peripheral portion of at least one of the substrates. The method includes forming the sealing member, disposing the liquid crystal layer inside the sealing member, and bonding the first substrate to the second substrate. In forming the sealing member, a ring-shaped portion that seals the liquid crystal layer inside the sealing member, a first sealing layer and a second sealing layer that face each other to be separated from each other are formed. In the bonding of the first substrate to the second substrate, a junction portion is formed in which the first and second sealing layers are pressed and joined outside the sealing member so as to form the ring-shaped portion.

The present invention relates to a self-locking bolt-nut assembly. The bolt-nut assembly includes a bolt (100), a nut (200) tightened on the bolt (100), a washer (300) provided between the bolt (100) and the nut (200). The bolt (100) includes a bolt head (110) and a bolt body (120). The bolt body (120) has an external thread thereon. An insertion guide groove (130) is formed in the bolt body along the longitudinal direction. The nut (200) has stop protrusions (210) which are provided on the nut (200) and are arranged in a circumferential direction at regular intervals. The washer (300) includes a rotation-preventive protrusion (310) which protrudes from a circumferential inner edge of the washer (300) towards a center thereof and is inserted into the insertion guide groove (130), and elastic protrusions (320) which are provided on the washer (300) and are arranged in a circumferential direction at regular intervals. Thus, when the nut (200) which has been in contact with the washer (300) is tightened, the elastic protrusions (320) are elastically bent while passing over first surfaces of corresponding stop protrusions (210), and then are returned to original states thereof by elastic force so that elastic protrusions (320) are locked to second surfaces of the stop protrusions (210).

A method of production of semiconductor light emission devices for forming stripes of two multilayers having different emission wavelengths on a substrate, including the steps of: depositing a first multilayer including an active layer on the substrate; selectively etching the first multilayer to form a plurality of adjoining pairs of stripes of the first multilayer; depositing a second multilayer including an active layer on the substrate and the stripes of the first multilayer; selectively etching the second multilayer to form a plurality of adjoining pairs of stripes of the second multilayer on the substrate between the stripes of the first multilayer; and dividing the substrate between adjoining pairs of stripes of the first multilayer and between adjoining pairs of stripes of the second multilayer to divide it into semiconductor light emission devices provided with a stripe of the first multilayer and the second multilayer having different emission wavelengths.

A semiconductor device manufacturing method includes a process of forming a first organic film pattern on a to-be-etched layer on a substrate, a process of forming a silicon oxide film coating the first organic film pattern in an isotropic manner, a process of etching the silicon oxide film to form a first mask pattern in such a manner to cause the width of the line part of the first organic film pattern to have a fixed proportion with respect to a thickness of the silicon oxide film that coats a surface of the line part in the isotropic manner, a process of forming a second organic film pattern coating the silicon oxide film, a process of forming a second mask pattern that includes the silicon oxide film on a side face part in an area that is coated by the second organic film pattern, and a process of, in an area other than the area that is coated by the second organic film pattern, forming a third mask pattern in which an even number of the silicon oxide films are arranged.

Provided is a surgical apparatus for transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) in which a thin and long endoscope and surgical instruments are inserted through a natural orifice of a human body and the endoscope and surgical instruments are conveyed to the operation area in the body to perform the operation area in the body. According to the surgical apparatus for TEM, a rotation function is added to a barrel of the surgical apparatus for TEM to enable manual rotation of the barrel to a required extent and adjustment of an operation area, without separation of the surgical apparatus for TEM from a fixing frame during an operation. In addition, since the endoscope is disposed outside the barrel, it is possible to reduce the outer diameter of the barrel and uniformly maintain a visual direction of the endoscope even when the barrel is rotated. Further, since the rotation function is added to both the barrel and the surgical instrument insertion hole, more convenient operation is possible.