Liquid-cooled energy storage system and control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a liquid-cooled energy storage system and a control method thereof, wherein the liquid-cooled energy storage system comprises a cabinet, wherein the cabinet has a PACK battery compartment, wherein the PACK battery compartment is used to accommodate a battery pack assembly, wherein the peripheral wall of the PACK battery compartment is provided with a multi-layer heat insulation structure, wherein the multi-layer heat insulation structure comprises an outer plate and an inner plate, and a first heat-insulating filling layer arranged between the outer plate and the inner plate; and a drainage assembly for discharging condensed water is arranged at the bottom of the PACK battery compartment. Through the outer plate, the inner plate and the middle heat-insulating filling layer, the influence of the external environment on the internal environment of the cabinet is reduced, so that the temperature distribution of the internal space of the cabinet except for the surface area of ​​the liquid cooling plate is relatively uniform and stable. The multi-layer heat insulation structure can reduce heat conduction inside and outside the cabinet and reduce heat convection. In this way, the speed at which water vapor gathers on the surface of the liquid cooling plate can be reduced. The multi-layer heat insulation structure can help maintain a relatively stable humidity environment inside the cabinet, which is helpful to reduce the generation of condensation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, and in particular to a liquid-cooled energy storage system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the current mainstream market, thermal management technologies for energy storage cabinets are mainly divided into two categories: air cooling and liquid cooling. Compared with traditional wind cooling systems, liquid cooling technology can more effectively remove heat and keep the battery within the optimal operating temperature range, thereby improving the battery's service life and efficiency. However, in the actual application of liquid-cooled energy storage cabinets, due to the large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the cabinet, condensation is easily formed on the surface of the liquid cooling plate. If these condensed water cannot be discharged in a timely and effective manner, they will accumulate inside the cabinet, causing corrosion of battery components and other electronic components, causing safety hazards such as short circuits, and seriously affecting the service life of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid-cooled energy storage system and a control method thereof, so as to reduce the phenomenon that condensation is easily formed on the surface of the liquid cooling plate and the problem that the condensation water cannot be discharged in a timely and effective manner.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid-cooled energy storage system, comprising: a cabinet, the cabinet having a PACK battery compartment, the PACK battery compartment being used to accommodate a battery pack assembly, the peripheral wall of the PACK battery compartment being provided with a multi-layer insulation structure, the multi-layer insulation structure comprising an outer plate and an inner plate, and a first thermal insulation filling layer arranged between the outer plate and the inner plate; a drainage assembly for discharging condensation water is provided at the bottom of the PACK battery compartment.

[0005] The cabinet body includes two door panels distributed front and back and two side panels distributed left and right. The two door panels and the two side panels enclose the PACK battery compartment, and each of the door panels and each of the side panels are the multi-layer insulation structure.

[0006] The PACK battery compartment is provided with a liquid cooling system, an environmental detection system and a dehumidification device; the liquid cooling system is used to cool the battery pack assembly;

[0007] The environmental detection system includes a temperature sensor assembly, a humidity sensor and a water immersion sensor, which are used to detect the ambient temperature, the battery surface temperature of the battery pack assembly, the ambient humidity and whether there is water immersion in the PACK battery compartment;

[0008] The liquid-cooled energy storage system also includes a control system, which is communicatively connected to the environmental detection system and the dehumidification device respectively, and is used to control the working state of the dehumidification device based on the data.

[0009] The two door panels and the two side panels are combined to form an equipment compartment. A supporting partition is arranged between the PACK battery compartment and the equipment compartment. A second thermal insulation filling layer is arranged in the supporting partition. The battery pack assembly, the liquid cooling device and the dehumidification device are all arranged in the PACK battery compartment.

[0010] The temperature sensor assembly of the environment detection system includes a first temperature sensor for detecting the ambient temperature, a second temperature sensor for detecting the battery surface temperature of the battery pack assembly, and a third temperature sensor for detecting the water outlet temperature of the liquid cooling system.

[0011] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a control method for the liquid-cooled energy storage system as described above, the control method comprising the following steps: acquiring detection data of the environmental detection system, the detection data comprising ambient temperature, ambient humidity, battery surface temperature, liquid cooling system water outlet temperature and water immersion data; calculating the current ambient dew point temperature based on the ambient temperature and ambient humidity; evaluating the condensation risk level based on the temperature difference between the liquid cooling system water outlet temperature and the current ambient dew point temperature and the water immersion data; executing a corresponding control strategy based on the condensation risk level, and at the same time referring to the battery surface temperature to ensure the heat dissipation requirements.

[0012] The condensation risk level is assessed based on the temperature difference between the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system and the current ambient dew point temperature and the water immersion data, including: when the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system is lower than the current ambient dew point temperature, and the ambient humidity is greater than a first humidity threshold for a first preset time, or a water immersion signal is detected, it is judged as a high risk; when the difference between the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system and the current ambient dew point temperature is less than a first temperature threshold, and the ambient humidity is greater than a second humidity threshold, or the battery surface temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold, it is judged as a medium risk; the rest of the cases are judged as low risks.

[0013] The executing of a corresponding control strategy based on the condensation risk level includes:

[0014] When it is determined to be a high risk: adjust the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system to a first temperature interval higher than the current ambient dew point temperature; adjust the power of the dehumidification device to the rated power; increase the speed of the internal circulation fan in the cabinet to a first preset speed; trigger an alarm signal;

[0015] When it is determined to be medium risk: when the battery surface temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold, adjust the water outlet temperature of the liquid cooling system to a second temperature interval higher than the current ambient dew point temperature; when the battery surface temperature is higher than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, reduce the water outlet temperature of the liquid cooling system and adjust the power of the dehumidification device to a preset proportion of the rated power; increase the speed of the internal circulation fan in the cabinet to a second preset speed; wherein, the first temperature interval is greater than the second temperature interval; the first preset speed is greater than the second preset speed; the preset ratio is less than 100%.

[0016] The control method also includes: calculating the heat exchange efficiency based on the inlet water temperature and outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system; when the heat exchange efficiency is lower than a preset threshold, adjusting the liquid flow rate and outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system; and re-evaluating the condensation risk level based on the adjusted outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system.

[0017] The control method also includes: acquiring historical data of ambient temperature and ambient humidity within a preset time window; predicting the trend of ambient dew point temperature changes within a future preset time based on the historical data; and starting the dehumidification device in advance when the predicted ambient dew point temperature shows an upward trend.

[0018] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: the influence of the external environment on the internal environment of the cabinet is reduced by the outer plate, the inner plate and the middle insulation filling layer, so that the temperature distribution of the internal space of the cabinet except for the surface area of ​​the liquid cooling plate is relatively uniform and stable. The multi-layer insulation structure can reduce heat conduction inside and outside the cabinet and reduce heat convection. This can reduce the rate at which water vapor gathers on the surface of the liquid cooling plate. The multi-layer insulation structure can help maintain a relatively stable humidity environment inside the cabinet, which is helpful in reducing the generation of condensation. At the same time, the condensation water is discharged in time through the drainage assembly at the bottom of the PACK battery compartment to prevent its accumulation and damage to the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of a cabinet of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic top view of a cabinet of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cabinet part of the liquid-cooled energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a cabinet bottom plate of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a control system of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 The figure is a flow chart of a control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] In the figure: 10-cabinet, 11-cabinet bottom plate, 20-PACK battery compartment, 22-equipment compartment, 31-front door panel, 311-first layer panel, 312-second layer panel, 32-rear door panel, 41-left side panel, 42-right side panel, 50-support partition, 60-dehumidification device, 70-water immersion sensor, 80-floor drain assembly, 81-leaking pipe, 82-filter, 90-control main board, 91-communication module, 92-storage module, 93-power module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprises" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0030] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0031] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0032] Please also refer to Figure 1-Figure 5 ,in Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of a cabinet of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic top view of a cabinet of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cabinet part of the liquid-cooled energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a cabinet bottom plate of a liquid-cooled energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the control system of the liquid-cooled energy storage system of an embodiment of the present invention. The liquid-cooled energy storage system provided in this embodiment includes a cabinet 10, and the cabinet 10 has a PACK battery compartment 20, and the PACK battery compartment 20 is used to accommodate a battery pack assembly. The surrounding wall of the PACK battery compartment 20 is provided with a multi-layer insulation structure, and the multi-layer insulation structure includes an outer plate and an inner plate that are spaced apart, and a first thermal insulation filling layer arranged between the outer plate and the inner plate. The setting of the multi-layer insulation structure can effectively reduce the heat transfer inside and outside the cabinet 10, and reduce the possibility of condensation due to the sharp temperature difference between the inside and outside of the cabinet 10. A drainage component is provided at the bottom of the PACK battery compartment 20, which is used to discharge the generated condensation water in time to avoid damage to the equipment caused by accumulated water.

[0033] In this embodiment, the peripheral wall of the PACK battery compartment 20 refers to the front and rear door panels and the left and right side panels of the cabinet 10, specifically including the front door panel 31, the rear door panel 32, the left side panel 41 and the right side panel 42. These door panels and side panels enclose the PACK battery compartment 20. Each door panel and each side panel has a multi-layer heat insulation structure, taking the front door panel 31 as an example:

[0034] The front door panel 31 includes a first layer panel 311 (outer layer panel) and a second layer panel 312 (inner layer panel) forming a cavity, and a first thermal insulation filling layer is arranged in the cavity between the two layers of panels. The first thermal insulation filling layer can be made of materials such as rock wool and PEF thermal insulation wool to reduce the temperature gradient inside and outside the cabinet 10, thereby reducing the risk of condensation.

[0035] In this embodiment, an independent PACK battery compartment inner door (not shown in the drawings) is further provided on the rear side of the front door panel 31 to further improve the heat insulation effect.

[0036] In one embodiment, a cabinet bottom plate 11 is disposed at the bottom of the PACK battery compartment 20. The drainage assembly includes a floor drain assembly 80 disposed on the cabinet bottom plate 11.

[0037] In this embodiment, the floor drain assembly 80 includes a water leakage pipe 81 fixedly connected to the cabinet bottom plate 11 and a filter 82 disposed on the upper end of the water leakage pipe 81. The filter 82 is a 20-mesh stainless steel mesh to prevent debris from clogging the water leakage pipe 81.

[0038] In this embodiment, the cabinet bottom plate 11 is a part of the cabinet body 10, and the cabinet top plate of the cabinet body 10 is arranged opposite to the cabinet bottom plate 11. The cabinet top plate, the cabinet bottom plate 11, two door plates and two side plates enclose a closed PACK battery compartment 20.

[0039] In one embodiment, the battery pack assembly and the liquid cooling system are both disposed in the PACK battery compartment 20. The liquid cooling system cools the battery pack assembly through a liquid cooling plate or a cooling pipeline.

[0040] The environment detection system includes a temperature sensor assembly, a humidity sensor, and a water immersion sensor 70. The temperature sensor assembly is used to detect the temperature distribution in the energy storage cabinet, specifically the ambient temperature in the cabinet 10 and the battery surface temperature. The humidity sensor is used to detect the ambient humidity in the cabinet 10, and the water immersion sensor 70 is used to detect whether condensation water is generated. The setting of these sensors enables the control system to grasp the environmental status in the cabinet 10 in real time.

[0041] The dehumidifier 60 is arranged in the PACK battery compartment 20 and is used to adjust the humidity in the PACK battery compartment 20. The control system is respectively connected to the environment detection system and the dehumidifier 60 for communication. The control system receives the data detected by the environment detection system and uses it to control the working state of the dehumidifier 60. The working state here includes the opening and closing of the dehumidifier 60 and the adjustment of the working power, and the main purpose is to reduce the humidity in the PACK battery compartment 20.

[0042] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling system includes a cooling pipeline, a circulation pump and a radiator (not shown in the drawings) that cooperate with each other. There is flowing coolant in the cooling pipeline, and the cooling pipeline is in close contact with the battery pack assembly to provide a good heat dissipation effect. The radiator is equipped with a fan to improve the heat dissipation efficiency. The cooling effect of the liquid cooling system can be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of the circulation pump and the speed of the radiator fan.

[0043] In this embodiment, an internal circulation fan is further provided at the top of the battery pack assembly in the cabinet 10 to generate a fixed air flow path around the battery pack assembly.

[0044] In this embodiment, the main part of the liquid cooling system is arranged in the equipment compartment 22, and the cooling pipeline and the like are arranged in the PACK battery compartment 20.

[0045] In this embodiment, the dehumidification device 60 performs dehumidification based on chemistry, and uses a desiccant (such as activated carbon, etc.) to absorb moisture in the air in the cabinet 10. After reaching a saturated state, the desiccant is regenerated by heating to remove the adsorbed moisture and enter into circulation again.

[0046] In this embodiment, the control system includes a control mainboard 90, a communication module 91, a storage module 92 and a power module 93. The control mainboard 90 is designed with an industrial-grade microcontroller and has strong anti-interference ability and stability.

[0047] The control mainboard 90 is arranged in the equipment compartment 22 and connected to each sensor through the I / O expansion unit. Its core processor adopts the 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 architecture, the main frequency is 120MHz, and the built-in 12-bit ADC can meet the acquisition requirements of multiple analog signals. The control mainboard 90 is also equipped with a hardware watchdog circuit, which can automatically reset the system when the program is abnormal to ensure the reliable operation of the system.

[0048] The communication module 91 includes an Ethernet interface and a 4G wireless communication unit. The Ethernet interface uses an industrial-grade PHY chip, supports 10 / 100Mbps adaptive rate, and has an EMC protection design; the 4G wireless communication unit uses an industrial-grade communication module, supports full network access, and has a built-in fault self-recovery mechanism. The communication module 91 is connected to the control mainboard 90 through the RS485 bus and is responsible for the system remote communication function.

[0049] The storage module 92 uses 8GB industrial-grade eMMC flash memory to store system configuration parameters, operation logs and historical data. The storage module 92 has a power-off protection function to ensure data security. The system records environmental parameters and equipment status data every 1 minute and stores them in the format of year, month, day, hour, minute and second to facilitate later query and analysis. The data storage adopts a circular overwrite mechanism, and the operation data of the last 3 months is saved by default.

[0050] The power module 93 provides a stable working power supply for the control system, adopts a wide range input design, and has multiple protection functions such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and short circuit. The output voltage of the power module 93 has two paths, which are used to power the sensor and the control mainboard 90 and its peripheral circuits. The power module 93 is also equipped with a UPS backup power supply function, which can maintain the normal operation of the system for 15 minutes when the city power is cut off to ensure the integrity of the system data.

[0051] In this embodiment, the wiring of the control system adopts a pluggable terminal design, which is easy to install and maintain. All signal lines use shielded cables and are equipped with perfect grounding protection measures. The wiring of the sensor signal line is as far away from the strong electric equipment as possible, and metal wire troughs are used for electromagnetic shielding when necessary. The cables in the control cabinet are neatly arranged and the standard terminal arrangement is adopted, and each terminal is clearly marked.

[0052] In one embodiment, the two door panels and the two side panels enclose an equipment compartment 22, a supporting partition 50 is provided between the PACK battery compartment 20 and the equipment compartment 22, a second thermal insulation filling layer is provided in the supporting partition 50, and the battery pack assembly, the liquid cooling device and the dehumidification device 60 are all provided in the PACK battery compartment 20 to achieve centralized control of the temperature and humidity of the battery pack assembly.

[0053] In this embodiment, the supporting partition 50 divides the space in the cabinet 10 into the PACK battery compartment 20 and the equipment compartment 22. The supporting partition 50 also cooperates with the right side plate 42 to support and fix the battery pack assembly. The second thermal insulation filling layer provided in the supporting partition 50 further improves the thermal insulation effect.

[0054] In this embodiment, the supporting partition 50 is vertically arranged, and includes two vertical plates forming a cavity. The cavity is filled with a second thermal insulation filling layer, and the material of the second thermal insulation filling layer can be the same as that of the first thermal insulation filling layer.

[0055] In one embodiment, the temperature sensor assembly of the environment detection system includes a first temperature sensor for detecting the environment temperature, a second temperature sensor for detecting the battery surface temperature of the battery pack assembly, and a third temperature sensor for detecting the water temperature. The water immersion sensor 70 is disposed at the bottom of the PACK battery compartment 20.

[0056] In this embodiment, a plurality of first temperature sensors are provided, which are arranged in the PACK battery compartment 20 and keep a certain distance from the inner plate. This arrangement can accurately measure the ambient temperature in the PACK battery compartment 20 and avoid being directly affected by the temperature of the inner plate. The first temperature sensor adopts a PT100 temperature sensor with a measurement accuracy of ±0.1°C and a measurement range of -50°C to 100°C.

[0057] The second temperature sensor is mounted at a preset position on the surface of the battery pack. Considering the uneven distribution of battery temperature, second temperature sensors are set at the top, middle and bottom of each battery pack to form a temperature detection array. The second temperature sensor uses an NTC thermistor with a measurement accuracy of ±0.2°C and a response time of less than 3 seconds to ensure that changes in battery temperature can be reflected in a timely manner. When obtaining the temperature of the battery surface, the average value of the temperatures on the battery surface can be taken.

[0058] The third temperature sensor is installed on the outlet pipe of the liquid cooling system to detect the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system. The comparison between this temperature value and the ambient dew point temperature can timely detect the risk of condensation in the system, thereby triggering the start-up of the dehumidification device and the internal circulation fan in the cabinet. The PT100 sensor with the same specifications as the first temperature sensor is used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0059] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment also provides a control method for a liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet, which is a liquid-cooled energy storage system of any of the previous embodiments. The control method includes the following steps: obtaining detection data of the environmental detection system, the detection data including ambient temperature, ambient humidity, battery surface temperature, liquid cooling system water outlet temperature and water immersion data; calculating the current ambient dew point temperature based on ambient temperature and ambient humidity; evaluating the condensation risk level based on the temperature difference between the liquid cooling system water outlet temperature and the current ambient dew point temperature and water immersion data; executing corresponding control strategies based on the condensation risk level, and referring to the battery surface temperature to ensure the system heat dissipation requirements.

[0060] In this embodiment, the control method prevents condensation inside the cabinet by multiple environmental parameter detection and humidity control measures. The specific control method includes the following steps:

[0061] First, obtain the detection data of the environmental detection system, including ambient temperature T1, ambient humidity RH, battery surface temperature T2, liquid cooling system water outlet temperature T3 and water immersion data D. These parameters together reflect the operating status and condensation risk of the system. Among them, ambient temperature and humidity reflect the overall environmental conditions, water outlet temperature is used to promptly detect possible condensation risks, and battery surface temperature is used to evaluate the heat dissipation effect.

[0062] Secondly, the current ambient dew point temperature Td is calculated based on the ambient temperature T1 and the ambient humidity RH. The calculation formula is: Td = T1-((100-RH) / 5). When water vapor in the air contacts a surface with a temperature lower than the dew point temperature, it condenses into water droplets. Therefore, by detecting the relationship between the water outlet temperature and the dew point temperature of the liquid cooling system, the risk of condensation in the system can be discovered in time. The ambient temperature T1 is the air temperature inside the cabinet, which is measured by a temperature sensor installed in the PACK battery compartment; the ambient humidity RH is the relative humidity inside the cabinet, which is measured by a humidity sensor installed in the PACK battery compartment.

[0063] The system evaluates the current condensation risk level based on the temperature difference between the outlet water temperature T3 of the liquid cooling system and the current ambient dew point temperature Td and the water immersion data D. The principle of this evaluation method is that if the outlet water temperature is lower than the dew point temperature, it means that there must be an area in the liquid cooling system where the surface temperature is lower than the dew point temperature. At this time, timely measures need to be taken to control the ambient humidity to avoid the generation of large amounts of condensation.

[0064] Finally, the system executes the corresponding control strategy based on the assessed risk level, while referencing the battery surface temperature to ensure the system's heat dissipation needs. The core of this control strategy is to control the ambient humidity through a dehumidifier and an internal circulation fan, rather than simply relying on adjusting the system temperature to prevent condensation. The detection of the battery surface temperature ensures that the normal heat dissipation of the system is not affected while controlling condensation.

[0065] This multi-parameter coordinated control method achieves early detection and proactive prevention of condensation risks, solves the condensation problem through humidity control, and takes into account the heat dissipation requirements of the system, providing effective protection for the safe and stable operation of the liquid-cooled energy storage cabinet.

[0066] In one embodiment, evaluating the condensation risk level based on the temperature difference between the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system and the current ambient dew point temperature and water immersion data includes:

[0067] When the water outlet temperature of the liquid cooling system is lower than the current ambient dew point temperature, and the ambient humidity is greater than the first humidity threshold for a first preset period of time, or a water immersion signal is detected, it is judged as high risk; when the difference between the water outlet temperature of the liquid cooling system and the current ambient dew point temperature is less than the first temperature threshold, and the ambient humidity is greater than the second humidity threshold, or the battery surface temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold, it is judged as medium risk; all other situations are judged as low risk.

[0068] In this embodiment, the condensation risk is graded and evaluated based on the relationship between the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system and the current ambient dew point temperature. The specific evaluation steps are as follows:

[0069] When the outlet water temperature T3 of the liquid cooling system is lower than the current ambient dew point temperature Td, and the ambient humidity RH is greater than 85% (the first humidity threshold) for 10 minutes (the first preset duration), or when the water immersion signal D is detected to be positive, it is determined to be a high-risk state. This is because when the outlet water temperature is lower than the dew point temperature, there must be areas in the liquid cooling system where condensation may occur. If the ambient humidity continues to be at a high level and lasts for a long time, a large amount of condensation is likely to form. The appearance of the water immersion signal directly indicates that water has accumulated in the system and needs to be dealt with immediately.

[0070] When the difference between the outlet water temperature T3 of the liquid cooling system and the current ambient dew point temperature Td is less than 2°C (the first temperature threshold), and the ambient humidity RH is greater than 75% (the second humidity threshold), or the battery surface temperature T2 is higher than the preset temperature threshold (such as 45°C), it is judged to be a medium-risk state. This situation indicates that although condensation conditions do not directly occur in the cabinet, there is a potential risk of condensation due to the temperature difference being close to the critical value and the ambient humidity being high, and preventive measures need to be taken. At the same time, a higher battery surface temperature indicates that the system has a greater heat dissipation demand, which may lead to an increase in the load of the liquid cooling system, thereby increasing the risk of condensation.

[0071] In addition to the above two situations, other situations are judged as low risk, which means that the system operating environment is good and the condensation risk is controllable.

[0072] This hierarchical assessment method can detect potential condensation risks in a timely manner by detecting the combined status of key parameters, providing a basis for decision-making for subsequent adoption of corresponding humidity control measures. In particular, dehumidification and ventilation measures can be initiated in advance in medium and high risk situations to effectively prevent the occurrence of condensation.

[0073] In one embodiment, executing a corresponding control strategy based on the condensation risk level includes:

[0074] When it is determined to be a high risk: adjust the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system to a temperature interval higher than the current ambient dew point temperature; adjust the power of the dehumidification device to the rated power; increase the speed of the internal circulation fan in the cabinet to the first preset speed; trigger an alarm signal;

[0075] When it is judged as medium risk: when the battery surface temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold, adjust the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system to a second temperature interval higher than the current ambient dew point temperature; when the battery surface temperature is higher than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, reduce the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system and adjust the power of the dehumidification device to a preset proportion of the rated power; increase the speed of the internal circulation fan in the cabinet to the second preset speed.

[0076] Among them, the first temperature interval is greater than the second temperature interval; the first preset speed is greater than the second preset speed; and the preset ratio is less than 100%.

[0077] In this embodiment, differentiated control strategies are implemented based on the condensation risk level. These control strategies mainly control the ambient humidity through the coordinated work of the dehumidification device and the internal circulation fan, and adjust the operating parameters of the liquid cooling system in combination with the battery temperature conditions.

[0078] When the system is judged to be in a high-risk state, the most stringent prevention and control measures are taken: first, the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system is adjusted to 5°C higher than the current ambient dew point temperature (the first temperature interval) to temporarily suppress the further generation of condensation; at the same time, the power of the dehumidification device is adjusted to the rated power (100%) to give full play to its dehumidification capacity; the speed of the internal circulation fan is increased to 3000rpm (the first preset speed) to enhance air circulation and promote the rapid discharge of moisture; in addition, the system will trigger an alarm signal to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to pay attention to the equipment status.

[0079] When the system is in a medium-risk state, the control strategy will be dynamically adjusted according to the battery surface temperature to balance the anti-condensation and heat dissipation requirements:

[0080] If the battery surface temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold (such as 45°C), it means that the heat dissipation demand is relatively small. At this time, the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system is adjusted to 3°C higher than the current ambient dew point temperature (the second temperature interval). This temperature interval is smaller than the setting under high-risk conditions, which can maintain a good heat dissipation effect.

[0081] If the battery surface temperature is higher than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, it indicates that the system has a large heat dissipation demand. At this time, the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system is allowed to be reduced to enhance heat dissipation. At the same time, the dehumidification device power is adjusted to a preset ratio of the rated power (such as 80%, less than 100%) to balance the possible increased condensation risk by enhancing dehumidification. At the same time, the speed of the internal circulation fan is increased to 2000rpm (the second preset speed, lower than the 3000rpm in the high-risk state) to maintain moderate air circulation to promote uniform distribution of air in the cabinet and avoid local humidity accumulation.

[0082] This multi-level control strategy fully considers the system's heat dissipation requirements and condensation risks, and achieves safe and stable operation of the system through the coordinated cooperation of the dehumidification device, the internal circulation fan and the liquid cooling system. Among them, the first temperature interval (5°C) is greater than the second temperature interval (3°C), and the first preset speed (3000rpm) is greater than the second preset speed (2000rpm). This gradient setting ensures a stronger anti-condensation and dehumidification effect under high-risk conditions. Through this multi-parameter coordinated control method, it can effectively prevent the generation of condensation and meet the heat dissipation requirements while ensuring the safety of the equipment.

[0083] In this embodiment, the control strategy under low-risk state is as follows: the liquid cooling system operates normally according to the temperature control requirements; the dehumidification device remains in standby mode or operates at low power (such as 20% of rated power); and the internal circulation fan maintains the basic speed.

[0084] In this embodiment, the alarm signal includes an audible and visual alarm and a remote notification. The audible and visual alarm uses a red flashing indicator light and an intermittent buzzer alarm, and the buzzer works in a 3-second sound and 2-second interval mode. At the same time, the system pushes alarm information to the remote monitoring platform through the communication module. The information content includes key data such as current environmental parameters, equipment operating status, and risk level. Operation and maintenance personnel can receive alarm push in real time through the mobile phone APP, understand the equipment status in a timely manner, and perform necessary manual intervention.

[0085] In this embodiment, unlike the high-risk state, the system will not trigger an alarm signal in the medium-risk state, but will display a yellow warning prompt on the monitoring interface and record the current state information in the system log. If the medium-risk state lasts for more than 2 hours, the system will automatically generate an operation report for subsequent analysis and optimization. Operation and maintenance personnel can view the real-time operating parameters of the equipment through the remote monitoring platform and make remote adjustments as needed.

[0086] In one embodiment, the heat exchange efficiency is calculated based on the inlet water temperature and the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system; when the heat exchange efficiency is lower than a preset threshold, the liquid flow rate and the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system are adjusted; and the condensation risk level is re-evaluated based on the adjusted outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system.

[0087] In this embodiment, the heat transfer efficiency of the liquid cooling system is detected to evaluate and optimize the heat dissipation performance. The heat transfer efficiency is calculated using the classic thermodynamic formula: η = (Two-Twi) / (Tb-Twi), where Two is the outlet water temperature, Twi is the inlet water temperature, and Tb is the battery surface temperature. The heat transfer efficiency is calculated every 5 minutes, and the efficiency data of the last hour is saved for trend analysis.

[0088] When the heat transfer efficiency η is detected to be lower than 65% (preset threshold), the system will start the optimization program. First, the heat transfer effect is improved by increasing the flow rate of the liquid cooling system in stages: in the first stage, the flow rate is increased by 10% within 2 minutes, and then paused for observation for 1 minute; if the efficiency still does not improve, the second stage is entered, and the flow rate is increased by another 10%.

[0089] If the heat exchange efficiency is still not ideal after flow adjustment, the system will appropriately reduce the outlet water temperature to increase the heat exchange temperature difference. However, considering that lowering the outlet water temperature may bring condensation risk, the system will re-evaluate the condensation risk level based on the adjusted outlet water temperature. If the risk level increases, the dehumidification device and internal circulation fan will be started in time to balance the condensation risk by strengthening humidity control.

[0090] This dynamic adjustment method based on heat exchange efficiency achieves a balance between heat dissipation performance and anti-condensation control through timely risk assessment and humidity control measures while ensuring the heat dissipation effect.

[0091] In one embodiment, historical data of ambient temperature and ambient humidity within a preset time window are obtained; the trend of ambient dew point temperature change within a future preset time is predicted based on the historical data; when the predicted ambient dew point temperature shows an upward trend, the water outlet temperature of the liquid cooling system is increased in advance and the dehumidification device is started.

[0092] In this embodiment, historical data is analyzed to predict the trend of environmental changes and prevent condensation in advance.

[0093] Specifically, first obtain the historical data of ambient temperature and humidity in the last 30 minutes (preset time window). These historical data are collected at intervals of 1 minute to form a continuous sequence of temperature and humidity changes. By analyzing these sequence data, the system can capture the changing patterns of environmental parameters.

[0094] Based on the historical data obtained, the change trend of the ambient dew point temperature in the next 15 minutes (preset time) is predicted. The prediction model comprehensively considers the ambient temperature change rate and humidity change trend, and can accurately estimate the change direction and amplitude of the ambient dew point temperature.

[0095] When the prediction results show that the ambient dew point temperature is on the rise and the rate of increase exceeds 0.5℃ / 5min, preventive control measures will be initiated in advance. These measures mainly rely on dehumidification devices to control ambient humidity, rather than simply adjusting the temperature of the liquid cooling system. The system will adjust the power of the dehumidification device to 50% of the rated power. This power level can effectively prevent humidity from rising and avoid excessive energy consumption.

[0096] This prediction-based control strategy enables the system to take preventive measures before the risk of condensation increases, improving the reliability and stability of system operation. Compared with passive response control methods, this predictive control can better maintain the stability of the internal environment of the energy storage cabinet. At the same time, due to the adoption of appropriate preventive measures, energy waste caused by over-regulation is also avoided.

[0097] In other embodiments, the specific steps of predicting the change trend of the ambient dew point temperature within a preset future time based on historical data are as follows:

[0098] First, the system obtains the historical data of ambient temperature and ambient humidity in the last 30 minutes from the database, with a sampling frequency of 1 time per minute.

[0099] Then, the system performs linear regression analysis on the ambient temperature T1 and relative humidity RH respectively to obtain their changing trends in the next 15 minutes, and thus predicts the ambient temperature T1' and relative humidity RH' after 15 minutes.

[0100] Finally, substitute the predicted T1' and RH' into the ambient dew point temperature calculation formula: Td' = T1'-((100-RH') / 5) to get the future predicted ambient dew point temperature. When the predicted ambient dew point temperature rises by more than 0.5℃ / 5min compared to the current ambient dew point temperature, the system determines it as an upward trend.

[0101] In this embodiment, the dehumidifier is started with a preventive strategy, and the initial power is set to 50% of the rated power. This power level can effectively prevent the humidity from continuing to rise without significantly increasing energy consumption. After the dehumidifier is started, the system will continue to monitor the changes in the actual environmental parameters and dynamically adjust the power level as needed.

[0102] In summary, in this embodiment, the influence of the external environment on the internal environment of the cabinet 10 is reduced by the outer plate, the inner plate and the middle insulation filling layer, so that the temperature distribution of the internal space of the cabinet 10 except for the surface area of ​​the liquid cooling plate is relatively uniform and stable. The multi-layer insulation structure can reduce the heat conduction inside and outside the cabinet 10 and reduce heat convection. This can reduce the speed at which water vapor gathers on the surface of the liquid cooling plate. The multi-layer insulation structure can help maintain a relatively stable humidity environment inside the cabinet 10, which is helpful to reduce the generation of condensation.

[0103] In this embodiment, the liquid-cooled energy storage system and its control method provided in this embodiment use a multi-layer insulation structure as basic protection to effectively reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the cabinet, thereby reducing the formation of condensation from the source; at the same time, the drainage component provided can promptly discharge the formed condensation water to avoid its accumulation and damage to the equipment. The environmental detection system detects key parameters such as temperature and humidity in real time, and predicts the trend of dew point temperature changes in combination with historical data. When it is predicted that the risk of condensation will increase, the corresponding prevention and control measures will be initiated in time to achieve preventive control. The system can also automatically evaluate the condensation risk level based on the detection data, adaptively adjust the water outlet temperature of the liquid cooling system and the power of the dehumidification device according to different risk levels, and optimize the airflow distribution in the cabin by adjusting the speed of the internal circulation fan, so as to minimize the risk of condensation while ensuring the heat dissipation effect.

[0104] In the above embodiments, physical isolation provides basic protection, detection and early warning provide decision-making basis, and intelligent control implements precise prevention and control, forming a closely coordinated prevention and control system. Through the combination of physical protection, intelligent detection and active control, the heat dissipation requirements of the energy storage system are met, and the safety hazards caused by condensation are reduced.

[0105] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the hardware and steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of function in the above description. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0106] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of each hardware is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0107] The steps in the method of the embodiment of the present invention can be adjusted in order, combined and deleted according to actual needs. The units in the device of the embodiment of the present invention can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs. In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0108] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, terminal, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention.

[0109] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control method for a liquid-cooled energy storage system, characterized in that: The control method is applied to a liquid-cooled energy storage system, which includes: a cabinet, the cabinet having a PACK battery compartment, the PACK battery compartment being used to accommodate a battery pack assembly, the peripheral wall of the PACK battery compartment being provided with a multi-layer insulation structure, the multi-layer insulation structure comprising an outer plate and an inner plate, and a first heat-insulating filling layer provided between the outer plate and the inner plate; a drainage assembly for discharging condensed water is provided at the bottom of the PACK battery compartment; the cabinet includes two door panels distributed front and back and two side panels distributed left and right, the two door panels and the two side panels enclosing the PACK battery compartment, each of the door panels and each The side panels are all multi-layer insulation structures; the PACK battery compartment is respectively provided with a liquid cooling system, an environmental detection system and a dehumidification device; the liquid cooling system is used to cool the battery pack assembly; the environmental detection system includes a temperature sensor assembly, a humidity sensor and a water immersion sensor, which are used to detect the ambient temperature, the battery surface temperature of the battery pack assembly, the ambient humidity and whether there is water immersion in the PACK battery compartment; the liquid-cooled energy storage system also includes a control system, which is respectively communicated with the environmental detection system and the dehumidification device, and is used to control the working state of the dehumidification device based on the data; The control method comprises the following steps: Acquire detection data of the environmental detection system, wherein the detection data includes ambient temperature, ambient humidity, battery surface temperature, liquid cooling system water outlet temperature and water immersion data; Calculating the current ambient dew point temperature based on the ambient temperature and ambient humidity; Assessing the condensation risk level according to the temperature difference between the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system and the current ambient dew point temperature and water immersion data; The step of evaluating the condensation risk level according to the temperature difference between the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system and the current ambient dew point temperature and water immersion data includes: When the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system is lower than the current ambient dew point temperature, and the ambient humidity is greater than a first humidity threshold for a first preset time period, or a water immersion signal is detected, it is determined to be a high risk; When the difference between the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system and the current ambient dew point temperature is less than a first temperature threshold, and the ambient humidity is greater than a second humidity threshold, or the battery surface temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold, it is determined to be a medium risk; The rest of the cases were judged as low risk; Executing a corresponding control strategy based on the condensation risk level and ensuring heat dissipation requirements with reference to the battery surface temperature; The executing of a corresponding control strategy based on the condensation risk level includes: When it is determined to be a high risk: adjust the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system to a first temperature interval higher than the current ambient dew point temperature; adjust the power of the dehumidification device to the rated power; increase the speed of the internal circulation fan in the cabinet to a first preset speed; trigger an alarm signal; When it is determined to be a medium risk: when the battery surface temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold, adjust the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system to a second temperature interval higher than the current ambient dew point temperature; when the battery surface temperature is higher than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, reduce the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system and adjust the power of the dehumidification device to a preset proportion of the rated power; increase the speed of the internal circulation fan in the cabinet to a second preset speed; Among them, the first temperature interval is greater than the second temperature interval; the first preset speed is greater than the second preset speed; and the preset ratio is less than 100%.

2. The control method of the liquid-cooled energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Calculating heat exchange efficiency based on water inlet temperature and water outlet temperature of the liquid cooling system; When the heat exchange efficiency is lower than a preset threshold, adjusting the liquid flow rate and the outlet water temperature of the liquid cooling system; The condensation risk level is re-evaluated based on the adjusted water outlet temperature of the liquid cooling system.

3. The control method of the liquid-cooled energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: Also includes: Obtain historical data of ambient temperature and ambient humidity within a preset time window; Predicting the change trend of the ambient dew point temperature within a preset time in the future based on the historical data; When the predicted ambient dew point temperature shows an upward trend, the dehumidification device is started in advance.

Images