Quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom with replaceable calibration solid column and supporting method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom with replaceable calibration solid columns and a supporting method, aiming to solve the problems of insufficient measurement accuracy and lack of personalized adaptability of the existing QCT phantom due to the fixed calibration column design. The phantom includes a main body and a plurality of calibration solid columns, and the main body is provided with at least one card slot, through which calibration solid columns of different density levels can be connected to achieve adaptation to different bone densities. The matching calibration solid column determination method obtains its CT value by scanning a plurality of calibration solid columns made of a mixture of hydroxyapatite powder and polymethyl methacrylate, and then establishes a linear regression model of density and CT value. Combined with the expected density range of the bone to be measured, a suitable calibration solid column is selected for CT scanning, and the actual bone density value of the bone to be measured is calculated based on the regression model. The invention improves the calibration flexibility and measurement accuracy, and can effectively meet the personalized measurement needs of different bone areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bone density measurement, and in particular to a quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom with replaceable calibration solid columns and a matching method. Background Art

[0002] Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) is a commonly used medical imaging technology in the diagnosis of bone density-related diseases such as osteoporosis. However, existing QCT phantoms are usually equipped with fixed-density calibration columns. Although this design can provide a certain degree of calibration effect, its limitation is that it is difficult to meet the personalized measurement needs of different patients and different bone regions. Especially for patient groups with large differences in bone density, the existing fixed calibration columns have significant deficiencies in flexibility and accuracy, which may lead to errors or deviations in the measurement results, thereby affecting the accuracy of the diagnosis.

[0003] In addition, the design of traditional QCT phantoms is usually based on a single density calibration, which cannot be adjusted according to the actual situation of the patient during the measurement process. This means that when faced with patients with different bone density characteristics, doctors need to rely on the same set of fixed-density calibration columns for measurement, resulting in inaccurate results in some cases. For example, when measuring higher-density bones, the role of low-density calibration columns is limited and cannot provide accurate comparative data. This limitation makes the existing technology unable to fully reflect the actual situation of the patient in the assessment of bone density, especially when diagnosing and monitoring the early stages of osteoporosis, affecting the prevention and treatment planning of the disease. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom with replaceable calibration solid columns and a supporting method to solve the technical problems of insufficient measurement accuracy and lack of personalized adaptability caused by the fixed calibration column design of the existing QCT phantom.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom with replaceable calibration solid columns, the quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom comprising: a main body and a plurality of calibration solid columns, wherein the plurality of calibration solid columns correspond to different bone density levels, and the main body is provided with at least one card slot, and the main body is connected to different calibration solid columns through the card slot.

[0006] The present invention also provides a method for determining a calibration solid column based on a quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom, characterized in that the quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom is the above-mentioned quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom, wherein the method for determining the calibration solid column includes: obtaining a plurality of calibration solid columns made by mixing hydroxyapatite powder and polymethyl methacrylate, and scanning the plurality of calibration solid columns using a CT device to obtain a CT value of each calibration solid column; establishing a linear regression model of density and CT value according to the density value and the corresponding CT value of each calibration solid column, wherein the density value of the calibration solid column is determined by the ratio of the hydroxyapatite powder to the polymethyl methacrylate; obtaining an expected density range of the bone to be measured, and selecting a calibration solid column matching the expected density range in combination with the linear regression model; placing the selected calibration solid column and the bone to be measured in a CT device synchronously or asynchronously for scanning to obtain the CT value of the bone to be measured; substituting the CT value of the bone to be measured into the linear regression model to calculate the actual bone density value of the bone to be measured.

[0007] The quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom with replaceable calibration solid columns and the supporting method provided by the present invention solve the deficiencies of the existing phantoms in terms of measurement accuracy and personalized needs by improving the flexibility and selectivity of the calibration columns.

[0008] Specifically, the technical solution of the present invention includes a replaceable calibration solid column, so that according to the characteristics of the bone to be measured, the most suitable calibration column can be selected for accurate calibration, thereby reducing the measurement error caused by mismatch of the calibration column. In addition, by establishing a linear regression model of density and CT value, the process of converting CT scan results into actual bone density values ​​is more accurate, ensuring that the measurement results of different patients and different bone areas have high accuracy and consistency.

[0009] In summary, the phantom design of the present invention adopts a connection method of multiple calibration columns and slots, so that in actual operation, the calibration columns can be quickly replaced according to different bone density measurement requirements, thereby improving the flexibility and efficiency of measurement. In summary, the present invention significantly improves the adaptability and accuracy of the QCT measurement phantom, meets the diversified and personalized needs of bone density measurement in clinical applications, and has significant innovation and practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of a method for determining a calibration solid column based on a quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of a calibration solid column determination device based on a quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3It is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0015] An embodiment of the present invention provides a quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom with replaceable calibration solid columns. Specifically, the quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom includes: a main body and multiple calibration solid columns, wherein the multiple calibration solid columns correspond to different bone density levels, and the main body is provided with at least one card slot, and the main body is connected to different calibration solid columns through the card slot.

[0016] This technical solution proposes an improved method for the limitations of the quantitative computed tomography (QCT) phantom in the prior art, so as to effectively solve the problems of the inflexibility and insufficient precision of the current QCT phantom in bone density measurement. The present invention provides a quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom with a replaceable calibration solid column, which is designed to achieve higher flexibility and precision, thereby meeting the personalized measurement needs of different patients and different bone areas.

[0017] In traditional QCT measurements, existing calibration phantoms are often equipped with calibration columns of fixed density. Although such calibration columns can meet the bone density measurement requirements under certain single conditions, they are very limited when dealing with different patients and different bone density characteristics. Especially in the diagnosis of bone density-related diseases such as osteoporosis, individual differences in patient bone density are very obvious. Traditional fixed calibration columns are unable to adapt to such differences, which can easily lead to measurement errors or even deviations, affect the accuracy of diagnosis, and thus hinder the effective prevention and treatment of diseases. The technical solution proposed in the present invention cleverly solves this problem by designing a phantom with a replaceable calibration solid column.

[0018] Specifically, the phantom of the present invention includes a main body and a plurality of calibration solid columns, wherein the plurality of calibration solid columns correspond to different bone density levels. These calibration columns can simulate different bone tissue densities from cancellous bone to cortical bone, thereby covering a wide range of changes in bone density. At least one card slot is provided on the main body, which is used to accommodate and fix the calibration column and allow different calibration columns to be replaced as needed. The main body and the calibration column are mechanically connected by a combination of a card slot and a locking device, so that the calibration column can be manually plugged in and out, which is easy to operate, while also ensuring the stability and safety of the calibration column during use.

[0019] Unlike the fixed calibration column of the traditional phantom, the phantom of the present invention realizes a flexible bone density measurement method through the design of replaceable calibration columns. Doctors and technicians can select the most suitable calibration column according to the bone density characteristics of the patient to be tested, so as to achieve accurate measurement. For example, when measuring the cancellous bone of a patient with osteoporosis, a calibration column with a lower density can be selected to match the patient's bone density; when measuring cortical bone or bones with higher density, a calibration column with a higher density can be selected to ensure the accuracy of the measurement. This flexible calibration scheme effectively avoids the measurement error caused by the mismatch of density of the traditional calibration column, thereby improving the reliability of the measurement and the accuracy of the diagnosis.

[0020] In the technical solution of the present invention, the density of the calibration column is achieved through a precisely controlled manufacturing process. Specifically, the calibration solid column is made of hydroxyapatite (HA) powder and a polymer such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) mixed in a specific proportion, and the density of each calibration column is ensured to be uniform and accurate through a hot pressing or injection molding process. In this way, each calibration column provided can accurately simulate different bone densities to meet the needs of different measurement scenarios. In addition, the density level of the calibration column covers the range of bone tissue density from cancellous bone to cortical bone from low to high, allowing doctors to flexibly choose according to measurement needs, thereby ensuring the accuracy and applicability of the measurement.

[0021] The present invention is also optimized in terms of ease of operation. Since the calibration column is designed to be replaced by manual plug-in and a combination of a card slot and a locking device is used, users can quickly replace the calibration column in clinical and laboratory environments without using complex tools. This design greatly improves the efficiency of the equipment, especially when multiple measurements and calibrations are required, it can significantly shorten the operation time, reduce errors caused by human factors, and improve the overall operating experience. At the same time, the locking device ensures the stability of the calibration column during the measurement process, and it will not shift due to vibration or other factors, ensuring the consistency of the measurement process and the reliability of the data.

[0022] In the prior art, calibration columns with a single density often cannot cope with the complexity of different bone regions. For example, for cortical bone regions with higher bone density, the use of low-density calibration columns for calibration may result in large calibration errors. However, the present invention uses replaceable calibration columns to select appropriate calibration columns for different bone regions, thereby obtaining accurate measurement results. This solution significantly improves the deficiencies of traditional phantoms in terms of adaptability and accuracy, and has significant technical advantages in meeting the personalized needs of bone density measurement. It can adapt to patient groups with large differences in bone density, especially in the early diagnosis of osteoporosis, and provide more reliable evaluation data.

[0023] In addition, the calibration column of the present invention adopts a variety of density designs, and can flexibly select the density level according to the actual situation of the bone being measured, thereby achieving more accurate calibration. In actual applications, the bone density of different patients varies greatly. Especially in the early screening of osteoporosis, accurate bone density data is crucial for diagnosis and treatment. The present invention effectively improves the accuracy of measurement through the replacement design of the multi-density calibration column, making the diagnostic results more reliable. At the same time, the design of the card slot and the locking device in the present invention ensures the stability of the calibration column in actual measurement, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that the calibration column may shift during the measurement process and affect the measurement results.

[0024] In general, the quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom with replaceable calibration solid columns provided by the present invention achieves significant improvement in flexibility and accuracy through the design of replaceable calibration columns, and meets the personalized measurement needs of different patients and different bone areas. This technical solution not only overcomes the inadaptability caused by the fixed density of the calibration column in the prior art, but also improves the efficiency of the equipment through a simple operation method, while ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement. These technical improvements make the present invention significantly innovative on the basis of the prior art, can solve technical problems that cannot be solved by traditional methods, and provide a more effective solution for bone density measurement.

[0025] In one example, a plurality of card slots are provided on the main body, and the main body is also used to receive a calibration column matching instruction, and in response to the calibration column matching instruction, determine a target calibration solid column indicated by the calibration column matching instruction among a plurality of calibration solid columns respectively connected to the plurality of card slots, and use the target calibration solid column to perform CT bone density measurement processing.

[0026] In another example, a card slot is provided on the main body which can accommodate any one of the multiple calibration solid columns, and the main body is also used to determine the target calibration solid column to be subjected to CT bone density measurement processing among the multiple calibration solid columns, and generate prompt information based on the coding information of the target calibration solid column, wherein the prompt information is used to instruct the staff to place the target calibration solid column in the card slot.

[0027] In other words, in the first example, a plurality of slots are provided on the main body, each of which is adapted to a different calibration solid column, and these calibration solid columns have different densities to meet different measurement requirements. The main body has the function of receiving calibration column matching instructions, which means that before measurement, the system will automatically determine which calibration solid column is most suitable for the current measurement requirements based on the input instructions. The calibration solid column connected to each slot has a unique identification mark. Through the calibration column matching instruction, the system can accurately locate the target calibration solid column in a certain slot and use it for bone density measurement. This automated matching process allows calibration solid columns of different densities to be quickly switched to provide more accurate measurement data for different types of bones.

[0028] In another example, a separate card slot is designed on the main body, which can accommodate any one of a plurality of calibration solid columns. When measuring, the judgment function of the main body can determine which column among all the calibration solid columns is most suitable for the current measurement needs, and select the appropriate target calibration solid column based on the measurement requirements. When the selection is completed, the main body generates a prompt message containing the coding information of the target calibration solid column to guide the staff to accurately place the target calibration solid column in the card slot. This method reduces the possibility of human judgment errors when replacing the calibration solid column and improves the accuracy and efficiency of the operation. At the same time, through the prompt of the coding information of the target calibration solid column, it ensures that the preparation process before the bone density measurement is more standardized and consistent, which helps to reduce the measurement deviation caused by misoperation.

[0029] In one example, the calibration solid column is divided into a cancellous bone group and a cortical bone group, the bone density of the calibration solid column of the cancellous bone group includes at least any one of the following: 0 mg / cc, 50 mg / cc, 150 mg / cc, and the bone density of the calibration solid column of the cortical bone group includes at least any one of the following: 200 mg / cc, 400 mg / cc, 800 mg / cc.

[0030] In this example, the calibration solid column is divided into cancellous bone group and cortical bone group, and different density levels are set, with density values ​​of 0 mg / cc, 50 mg / cc, 150 mg / cc (cancellous bone group), and 200 mg / cc, 400 mg / cc, 800 mg / cc (cortical bone group). The selection of these density values ​​has important scientific basis and clinical significance.

[0031] First, these density values ​​are selected based on the physiological characteristics of the human bone structure. Cancellous bone and cortical bone are the two main types of bone tissue. Cancellous bone is mainly found in the inner layer of the bone and has a higher porosity and lower density, while cortical bone is the outer part of the bone, with a dense structure and greater strength, so it has a higher density. By dividing the calibration solid column into a cancellous bone group and a cortical bone group, the density characteristics of different types of bone tissue can be more accurately simulated, thereby obtaining a more accurate calibration effect in bone density measurement.

[0032] For the cancellous bone group, 0 mg / cc, 50 mg / cc, and 150 mg / cc were selected to effectively cover the range of cancellous bone density in the skeleton. A density value of 0 mg / cc represents an extremely low density situation, similar to the late stage of osteoporosis, with almost complete bone loss. This value was chosen to simulate severe osteopenia in order to calibrate bone density under extreme conditions. 50 mg / cc and 150 mg / cc represent relatively low and medium cancellous bone density, which are suitable for normal bones or early and middle stages of osteoporosis. This distribution can cover the range of bone density of cancellous bone in different health states, thereby helping doctors to more accurately determine the different stages of osteoporosis and formulate corresponding treatment plans.

[0033] For the cortical bone group, 200 mg / cc, 400 mg / cc, and 800 mg / cc were chosen to cover the density characteristics of cortical bone under different health conditions. 200 mg / cc represents a lower cortical bone density, which may reflect the reduction in bone density due to certain factors (such as long-term lack of calcium intake or abnormal bone metabolism); 400 mg / cc represents medium-density cortical bone, which is close to the normal bone density range of healthy adults; and the density value of 800 mg / cc reflects very dense and strong bones, which are usually seen in young people or well-trained athletes. These density values ​​can help better simulate the changes in cortical bone under different health conditions and provide a more comprehensive and accurate calibration basis for measurements.

[0034] The selection of these specific density values ​​also has important implications for discovery and clinical applications. By covering the different density ranges of cancellous and cortical bone, these calibrated columns can be used to assess how bones change in different health states, thereby supporting early detection and diagnosis of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone density and increased bone brittleness. Early and accurate diagnosis is critical to preventing fractures and improving quality of life. The density selection of these calibrated solid columns can accurately reflect the entire process from healthy bones to severe bone loss, allowing doctors to clearly see the trajectory of changes in a patient's bone density and develop personalized treatment plans based on these data.

[0035] In addition, the setting of a high density value of 800 mg / cc is also an important innovation. Compared with the traditional calibration phantom that only contains a few low-density calibration columns, this high-density calibration column can be used to test the density change of cortical bone under high load conditions, thereby providing more accurate measurement results for athletes or special populations who need to assess bone strength. This meticulous design makes the present invention not only suitable for ordinary osteoporosis patients, but also can be used in a wider range of clinical and scientific research scenarios, such as sports medicine, geriatric orthopedics, etc., expanding the application scope of quantitative CT measurement.

[0036] Therefore, the selection of these density values ​​and the design of the corresponding calibration columns not only reflect the high precision and flexibility of the present invention in bone density measurement, but also effectively solve the limitation problem that the calibration phantom in the prior art is difficult to meet the bone density characteristics of different patients. It has significant innovation and practicality, and can provide more reliable technical support for the diagnosis and treatment of bone density-related diseases.

[0037] In one example, the calibration solid column is made by mixing hydroxyapatite powder and polymer material and then performing hot pressing or injection molding.

[0038] In one example, the card slot is connected to the calibration solid column by plugging and unplugging, and the card slot is provided with a locking firmware, and the card slot fixes the calibration solid column inserted into the card slot by the locking firmware.

[0039] In this example, the card slot and the calibration solid column are connected by plug-in connection, which means that the calibration solid column can be easily inserted or pulled out of the card slot for quick replacement and adjustment. The flexibility of this design allows technicians to easily select the appropriate calibration solid column when measuring different types of bone density without the need for additional tools. This manual plug-in connection method greatly improves the convenience of device operation, especially in clinical environments where rapid operation is required, which can significantly improve work efficiency.

[0040] At the same time, in order to ensure that the calibration solid column remains stable during the measurement process, a locking fixture is set on the card slot. The locking fixture can provide an effective fixation effect after the calibration column is inserted into the card slot to prevent the calibration column from loosening or shifting due to vibration or other external forces during the CT scanning process. The setting of the locking fixture ensures the stability of the calibration solid column, which is crucial to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the measurement results.

[0041] Expanded to a locking fixture that only fits the card slot and the calibration solid column, this locking fixture is innovative and designed to more precisely adapt to the geometry and mechanical properties between the calibration column and the card slot. Specifically, the locking fixture uses a dual locking mechanism that has both a mechanical snap-on structure and a magnetic auxiliary fixing system. First, the mechanical snap-on achieves a tight physical fit by matching the groove on the calibration solid column. This mechanical snap-on not only has the locking ability of a traditional snap-on, but also uses a special eccentric geometric design to gradually increase the snap-on force during the insertion process, thereby maintaining the stability of the calibration solid column throughout the insertion process and avoiding any possible loosening.

[0042] Secondly, the innovation lies in the addition of a magnetic auxiliary fixing system. This system embeds a small strong magnet in the connection area between the card slot and the calibration solid column. When the calibration solid column is inserted into the card slot, the magnet can generate additional attraction to further secure the calibration solid column in the card slot. This magnetic locking design not only enhances the fixing effect of the calibration solid column, but also is extremely convenient during the plug-in and unplug operation. It can be unlocked by applying appropriate pull-out force without causing the jamming problem that may be caused by the traditional locking structure.

[0043] In addition, the locking firmware is also designed with an intelligent feedback function. When the calibration solid column is correctly inserted and locked, the micro sensor built into the locking firmware will send a feedback signal to the system, indicating that the calibration column is correctly in place. This feedback mechanism can prevent the problem of incorrect insertion of the calibration solid column due to operational errors, which affects the measurement results. This intelligent feedback not only improves the reliability of operation, but also provides real-time confirmation information to the operator, which is especially suitable for situations where the calibration column is replaced multiple times, ensuring that each calibration process is carried out in the correct state.

[0044] This innovative double locking firmware solves the reliability problem of traditional single mechanical locking in long-term use, and also avoids possible accidental loosening or measurement errors. At the same time, the addition of magnetic assisted fixation and intelligent feedback makes the operation more humane and intelligent, suitable for high-frequency clinical application scenarios. This design of the locking firmware is significantly innovative in the existing technology, because it not only takes into account the stability and ease of operation of the connection, but also enhances the safety and user experience of the system through intelligent design, thereby providing higher reliability and convenience for quantitative CT bone density measurement.

[0045] In one example, the outer shell of the body is made of a deformable material so as to be spatially compatible with a computed tomography (QCT) device.

[0046] In this example, the body shell is made of a deformable material, the main purpose of which is to be spatially compatible with various models and specifications of quantitative computed tomography (QCT) devices. There are many different brands and models of QCT devices on the market, and the internal scanning space of each device may be slightly different, so the size and shape of the phantom also needs to be adaptable to a certain extent so that it can be smoothly placed in different scanning devices to ensure smooth measurement.

[0047] By using deformable materials, the shell of the phantom has a certain shape adaptability, that is, it can deform according to the shape of the space it is in when needed, so as to make adjustments within a limited space. For example, when the phantom is placed in a relatively narrow scanning area of ​​a CT device, the deformable shell can appropriately compress or expand its outer contour to adapt to the internal dimensions of the device. This deformation ability ensures that the phantom can be stably placed in the scanning area of ​​the device, and the quality of the scan or the accuracy of the position will not be affected by the mismatch of the outer dimensions.

[0048] In addition, the deformable material must also have sufficient strength and elasticity to ensure that the internal calibration solid column or other components will not be damaged when deformed. Commonly used materials may include highly elastic silicone, polyurethane foam, etc. These materials have good deformation recovery ability and can return to their original state after external force is applied. Therefore, the phantom can be repeatedly deformed and restored when switching between different devices without affecting its structural integrity and the stability of the measurement function.

[0049] Another important advantage of the design using deformable materials is that it improves the versatility and ease of operation of the phantom in clinical applications. Since different medical institutions may use different brands and models of QCT equipment, this shape-adaptable phantom can provide better compatibility with different equipment and reduce the limitations of phantom selection and use. It avoids the need to customize different phantoms for each different model of QCT equipment, thereby reducing production and management costs, while providing users with great flexibility.

[0050] This deformable design has important application significance in bone density measurement because it ensures that the phantom can be kept in the optimal position regardless of the QCT device, thereby ensuring the accuracy of calibration and measurement. This plays a significant role in improving the accuracy of bone density measurement, especially in the consistency of multi-device and multi-scenario applications. The use of deformable materials not only improves device compatibility, but also provides convenience for medical personnel in clinical operations, thereby improving the overall operation efficiency and measurement reliability.

[0051] In one example, the body of the quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom is made of a high-density polymer, which has sufficient mechanical strength to effectively support the internal structure and calibration column. The body is designed to be cylindrical, and its outer diameter is carefully designed to be highly compatible with common QCT equipment, ensuring that it can be firmly placed in the scanning equipment during the measurement process.

[0052] That is, the main body of the quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom is made of high-density polymer material, which not only has good strength and durability, but also has certain impact resistance, and can effectively support the complex internal structure and calibration solid column, ensuring durability and stability in daily use and clinical environments. The choice of high-density polymer is based on its excellent mechanical properties and stable physical properties, which enables the phantom to maintain its shape and structural integrity during multiple uses and transportation, avoiding deformation or damage due to external mechanical stress.

[0053] The main body is designed to be cylindrical, which is specially considered to ensure high compatibility with different models of QCT devices. The cylindrical design allows the phantom to be well fixed in the QCT device, thereby maintaining the stability of the calibration column during the measurement process and avoiding measurement errors caused by the position offset of the phantom. The outer diameter of the main body has been precisely calculated and debugged to perfectly fit the scanning space of most QCT devices on the market, and it is also convenient for operators to place and adjust it in the clinical environment.

[0054] In addition, the choice of high-density polymer materials also provides the phantom with strong chemical corrosion resistance, which is particularly important in clinical scenarios, because equipment and phantoms need to be cleaned and disinfected regularly during daily use, and high-density polymers can well resist the erosion of various disinfectants and detergents, maintaining the integrity and smoothness of the phantom surface. This not only ensures the long-term service life of the phantom, but also helps to maintain its sanitary conditions in the medical environment.

[0055] The weight of the phantom body has been carefully adjusted to ensure that it is not too heavy while ensuring sufficient mechanical strength. The purpose of this design is to facilitate the operator's handling and installation, thereby improving work efficiency. These detailed considerations in shape design and material selection enable the phantom to not only meet the measurement requirements of different QCT devices, but also adapt to different operating environments, greatly improving the convenience and applicability of measurement. Overall, this design fully considers the various needs of the phantom in medical scenarios, ensuring that it can provide doctors with stable and reliable bone density measurement support in daily use.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for determining a calibration solid column based on a quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom, wherein the quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom is the quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom described in the above embodiment. Specifically, the method for determining a calibration solid column includes:

[0057] S1, obtaining a plurality of calibration solid columns made by mixing hydroxyapatite powder and polymethyl methacrylate, and scanning the plurality of calibration solid columns by using a CT device to obtain a CT value of each calibration solid column.

[0058] S2, establishing a linear regression model of density and CT value according to the density value and the corresponding CT value of each calibration solid column, wherein the density value of the calibration solid column is determined by the ratio of the hydroxyapatite powder to polymethyl methacrylate.

[0059] S3, obtaining the expected density range of the bone to be tested, and combining the linear regression model to select a calibration solid column that matches the expected density range.

[0060] S4, placing the selected calibration solid column and the bone to be measured in a CT device for scanning synchronously or asynchronously to obtain the CT value of the bone to be measured.

[0061] S5, substituting the CT value of the bone to be tested into the linear regression model to calculate the actual bone density value of the bone to be tested.

[0062] This technical solution is based on the quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom and provides an innovative calibration solid column determination method, which aims to improve the accuracy and personalized adaptability of bone density measurement, thereby solving the problem of measurement error caused by mismatch of calibration column density in the existing technology. Through detailed step-by-step process and refined design, this solution provides precise calibration support during the bone density measurement process to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the measurement data.

[0063] The scheme first proposes a method for preparing a calibration solid column, in which the calibration solid column is made of a mixture of hydroxyapatite powder and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Hydroxyapatite is a material with a density close to that of human bone tissue, and its powder can be adjusted in proportion to PMMA to simulate the characteristics of different bone density levels. In this way, calibration solid columns covering different density ranges from cancellous bone to cortical bone can be prepared to meet applications under different measurement requirements. These calibration solid columns are scanned by a CT device to obtain the CT value of each calibration solid column. The relationship between these CT values ​​and density values ​​will provide the basis for subsequent linear regression modeling. This preparation and scanning process ensures that the density and CT value of the calibration column correspond accurately, thus laying a solid foundation for subsequent measurement and calibration.

[0064] In the process of establishing the linear regression model, the scheme uses the known density value of the calibration solid column and its CT scan value, and adopts statistical methods such as the least squares method to establish a linear relationship model between density and CT value. This step is crucial to the accuracy of bone density measurement, because the core of QCT technology is to reflect bone density through CT scan values, and this relationship needs to be achieved through accurate modeling. By using calibration columns of different densities, this linear regression model can effectively cover the range of bone density changes, so that the model not only has good fitting accuracy, but also ensures consistency in measurements of different patients and different bone areas. Compared with the calibration method that relies on a single density calibration column in the prior art, the model building process of this scheme is highly accurate and flexible, and can adapt to the needs of different bone states.

[0065] When determining the expected density range of the bone to be tested, this solution combines the patient's imaging data and medical history information to accurately evaluate the density range of the bone to be tested, thereby providing a scientific basis for the selection of the calibration column. By combining the linear regression model, a calibration solid column that matches the expected density range of the bone to be tested can be selected. This selection process greatly improves the pertinence and accuracy of the calibration. Unlike the limitation of traditional phantoms that can only use calibration columns of fixed density for measurement, the solution proposed in the present invention provides the ability to select the optimal calibration column based on individual differences among patients. This not only ensures the maximum match between the density of the calibration column and the density of the bone to be tested, but also reduces the measurement error caused by calibration mismatch, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the entire QCT measurement system.

[0066] The solution provides two flexible measurement methods when the selected calibration column and the bone to be measured are subjected to CT scanning synchronously or asynchronously. Synchronous scanning is to place the calibration column and the bone to be measured in the CT device for scanning at the same time, ensuring that both are measured in the same environment, thereby minimizing the measurement error caused by differences in environmental conditions. Asynchronous scanning, on the other hand, is to achieve calibration by scanning the calibration column and the bone to be measured successively in some special cases, which is suitable for scenarios with specific operating requirements and equipment limitations. This selection mechanism of synchronous and asynchronous measurements enables the solution to adapt to different clinical operating needs and provides doctors with greater flexibility. During the scanning process, due to the use of a phantom body made of a high-density polymer, the calibration column can maintain a stable spatial position, reduce motion artifacts and errors during scanning, and thus ensure accurate measurement of CT values.

[0067] By substituting the CT value of the bone to be tested into the established linear regression model, the actual bone density value of the bone to be tested can be calculated. Here, the linear regression model acts as a bridge to convert the CT value obtained from the CT scan into specific bone density data, ensuring the scientificity and accuracy of the measurement results. Compared with the traditional method that relies on experience or a single standard calibration column, this solution builds an accurate model based on data from multiple density calibration columns, so that the changes between different bone densities can be accurately reflected. This measurement method based on precise modeling is particularly effective in the early screening and dynamic monitoring of osteoporosis, and can help doctors identify the trend of decreased bone density at an early stage, and then take corresponding intervention measures.

[0068] In addition, the innovation of this solution is also reflected in the convenience and efficiency of operation. Through the design of replaceable calibration solid columns, operators can easily replace calibration columns of different densities without relying on complex equipment adjustments. This replaceable calibration column design makes the measurement process more flexible, especially when facing the measurement needs of different patients and different bone areas, it can quickly adapt and provide the best calibration results. The design of the card slot and the use of high-density polymers also ensure the position stability of the calibration column during scanning, which not only reduces the possibility of operating errors, but also enhances the repeatability and reliability of the measurement data.

[0069] In summary, this technical solution successfully solves the technical problems of calibration mismatch, complex operation and large measurement error existing in the prior art by proposing a method for determining the calibration solid column based on the QCT bone density measurement phantom. This solution has made systematic innovations in the material selection, density design, linear regression modeling, synchronous / asynchronous scanning, and selection and replacement of the calibration column. Through refined step design and highly personalized calibration methods, it ensures the accuracy, flexibility and convenience of bone density measurement. Compared with the prior art, this solution not only achieves higher-precision calibration, but also provides personalized measurement solutions for different patients. It has important clinical value in the diagnosis and monitoring of bone density-related diseases, and fully demonstrates its novelty and technical advantages.

[0070] In one example, obtaining an expected density range of a bone to be tested includes: obtaining an X-ray image of the bone to be tested, and performing an imaging evaluation on the bone to be tested based on the X-ray image to obtain first evaluation data; obtaining personal information of an object to which the bone to be tested belongs, and performing a preliminary evaluation on the bone to be tested based on the personal information to obtain second evaluation data, wherein the personal information includes: age, gender, and medical history; inputting the first evaluation data into an imaging feature extraction module to extract multidimensional imaging features including bone tissue density features, trabecular structure parameters, and cortical bone thickness to obtain an imaging feature vector; and inputting the second evaluation data into an individualized evaluation module. Model, based on the individualized assessment model, weights are assigned to the patient's age, gender, medical history and other feature data to obtain an individual feature weight matrix; the image feature vector and the individual feature weight matrix are input into the fuzzy inference system, a fuzzy inference model based on a rule base is established, a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is performed on the image features and individual features through fuzzy membership functions and inference rules, and a membership output of bone density is generated; the output of the fuzzy inference system is defuzzified using the maximum membership principle to obtain the expected density range of the bone to be tested, wherein the expected density range is a set of multiple possible density values, and the final expected density value is determined in combination with the maximum membership value of the fuzzy inference.

[0071] This technical solution achieves more personalized and accurate bone density measurement by obtaining the expected density range of the bone to be tested. Its steps are scientifically designed and logically rigorous, which can effectively solve the limitations of existing technologies that cause measurement errors due to lack of specificity, and embodies significant innovation.

[0072] In this example, obtaining the expected density range of the bone to be tested first includes obtaining an X-ray image of the bone to be tested, and performing an imaging evaluation of the bone based on the image to obtain the first evaluation data. The X-ray image provides two-dimensional density distribution information of the bone, which includes the structural characteristics of the bone tissue, especially the density and distribution of trabeculae. After preprocessing, these image data are input into the imaging feature extraction module. In the imaging feature extraction module, the system automatically extracts multidimensional features such as the density characteristics of the bone tissue, trabecular structure parameters, and cortical bone thickness to form an imaging feature vector. These features not only contain the density information of the bone, but also integrate the structural and morphological information of the bone, making the entire evaluation process more comprehensive and accurate.

[0073] At the same time, the personal information of the subject to whom the bone to be tested belongs is also obtained, including age, gender, and medical history, which have a significant impact on the health of the bones. For example, age and gender determine the normal range of bone density, while medical history information can reflect the abnormal bone density caused by disease or other physiological factors. In traditional technologies, these individual difference information is usually ignored or used as a simple reference. However, the present technical solution inputs this individual information into an individualized evaluation model, assigns weights to the patient's age, gender, medical history and other characteristic data, and generates an individual characteristic weight matrix. The individualized evaluation model used in this step can reasonably assign weights according to the degree of influence of different characteristics on bone density, so that the influence of each individual information on the final evaluation result can be effectively quantified.

[0074] Next, the image feature vector and the individual feature weight matrix are input into the fuzzy inference system to establish a fuzzy inference model based on the rule base. This step fully reflects the innovativeness of the technical solution, which is different from the simple linear superposition or empirical estimation method in the prior art. Through the fuzzy inference system, image features and individual features are comprehensively evaluated. The fuzzy inference rule base covers the complex relationship between bone density and different influencing factors. These rules may include the interaction between different features and their nonlinear effects on bone density. The fuzzy inference system uses a fuzzy membership function to perform a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of each input feature, and finally generates a membership output of bone density. This fuzzy reasoning method can effectively deal with the uncertainty and ambiguity in bone density measurement, especially when there is no simple linear association between image data and individual information. Fuzzy reasoning can more accurately describe this complex relationship.

[0075] After obtaining the membership output of the fuzzy inference system, this scheme uses the maximum membership principle to defuzzify the output to obtain the expected density range of the bone to be tested. Specifically, the membership output represents a set of multiple possible density values, and through the maximum membership principle, the system can determine the most representative density value from these possible density values ​​as the final expected density. This defuzzification process not only retains the fuzzy characteristics between multiple density values, but also ensures that the selected density value is the most consistent with the characteristics of the bone to be tested through the comparison of membership, thereby improving the pertinence and accuracy of the measurement.

[0076] In existing QCT bone density measurements, evaluation usually relies only on the image data itself, lacking comprehensive consideration of individual differences. Therefore, accurate measurement results are often not obtained when facing different patients and different bone conditions. This solution combines imaging features and individual characteristics, and uses a fuzzy reasoning system for multi-level comprehensive evaluation, which not only improves the complexity and accuracy of data processing, but also incorporates the influence of individual factors into the evaluation process. This design can better cope with individual differences in bone density measurement, so that the results are more in line with the actual situation, especially in the early screening and monitoring of osteoporosis, and can provide doctors with a more reliable diagnostic basis.

[0077] In addition, by introducing the fuzzy reasoning model, this solution is not only superior to existing linear regression or statistical estimation methods in terms of accuracy, but can also cope with the uncertainty in the data, which is particularly important for complex and changeable indicators such as bone density. The establishment of fuzzy reasoning rules enables the system to handle the nonlinear relationship between different features, thereby ensuring the scientificity and stability of the output results, especially when measuring boundary values ​​or special situations, the negative impact of extreme values ​​on the results can be avoided through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.

[0078] In summary, this technical solution combines imaging features with individualized assessment and uses a fuzzy reasoning system to accurately assess the expected density range of the bone to be tested, successfully solving the technical problems of ignoring individual differences, insufficient ability to handle uncertainty, and large measurement errors in existing technologies, and has significant innovation and application value. It not only provides a more accurate bone density measurement method, but also provides more personalized support for the diagnosis and treatment of bone density-related diseases such as osteoporosis, significantly improving the applicability and diagnostic accuracy of QCT technology in clinical applications.

[0079] In one example, in combination with the linear regression model, selecting a calibration solid column that matches the expected density range includes: calculating the CT value range corresponding to the expected density range according to the regression equation in the linear regression model to obtain a target CT value range; determining an initial calibration solid column in the target CT value range; in the case where there is one initial calibration solid column, determining the initial calibration solid column as a calibration solid column that matches the expected density range; in the case where there are multiple initial calibration solid columns, obtaining the density value of each initial calibration solid column, and calculating the theoretical CT value of each initial calibration solid column based on the linear regression model; According to the expected density range of the bone to be tested, the matching degree of each initial calibration solid column and the target CT value is calculated, wherein the matching degree is defined as the inverse of the absolute error between the target CT value and the theoretical CT value of the initial calibration solid column; an optimization selection model is established, wherein the optimization selection model uses a hierarchical analysis method to weight each factor to determine a comprehensive score for each initial calibration solid column, wherein the factors include at least: density error, matching degree and calibration stability, and the weights of matching degree and density error are higher; the comprehensive scores of each initial calibration solid column are sorted, and the initial calibration solid column with the highest comprehensive score is determined as the calibration solid column matching the expected density range.

[0080] In this technical solution, a linear regression model is combined to select a calibration solid column that matches the expected density range. Through careful step design and comprehensive consideration, the entire calibration process is made more scientific, accurate, and personalized. This method starts from multiple angles and optimizes the selection of calibration solid columns at multiple levels and multiple factors to ensure that the calibration solid column selected in each measurement is highly consistent with the characteristics of the bone to be measured, thereby solving the problem of measurement errors caused by improper selection during the calibration process in the existing technology.

[0081] First, based on the regression equation in the linear regression model, the CT value range corresponding to the expected density range of the bone to be tested is calculated to obtain the target CT value range. The linear regression model is established by fitting the relationship between the known density and CT value of multiple calibration solid columns using regression methods such as the least squares method to ensure the high accuracy and representativeness of the model. Therefore, the target CT value range can accurately reflect the expected density state of the bone to be tested, providing a scientific basis for the subsequent selection of calibration columns.

[0082] After determining the target CT value range, the system first selects an initial calibration solid column from the target CT value range. If there is only one initial calibration solid column selected, it is directly determined as the calibration solid column that matches the expected density range. This situation is simple and clear, indicating that the calculated target CT value is within the specific range of a certain calibration column and can be directly calibrated. However, in the case of multiple initial calibration solid columns, it is necessary to further refine the screening of these candidate calibration columns to ensure that the selected calibration column best matches the characteristics of the bone to be tested.

[0083] In the case where there are multiple initial calibration solid columns, the density values ​​of these calibration solid columns are first obtained, and the theoretical CT value of each initial calibration solid column is calculated based on the linear regression model. The calculation of the theoretical CT value is based on the established density-CT value relationship model, aiming to correspond the density of each calibration column to its theoretical CT performance characteristics. This step ensures that all candidate calibration columns can be quantified and compared by the same standard.

[0084] Next, the degree of match between each initial calibration solid column and the target CT value is calculated based on the expected density range of the bone to be tested. Specifically, the degree of match is defined as the inverse of the absolute error between the target CT value and the theoretical CT value of the initial calibration solid column. This definition ensures that the closer the theoretical CT value of the calibration column is to the target CT value, the higher its degree of match, reflecting that the calibration column is more suitable as a reference calibrator for the bone to be tested. Through this degree of match calculation, the adaptability of each initial calibration column can be quantified, thereby providing data support for the next step of optimization selection.

[0085] In order to further ensure the scientificity and reliability of the selection of calibration solid columns, an optimization selection model was introduced into the scheme. The optimization selection model weights each influencing factor through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to ensure that the best one is selected from multiple candidate calibration columns. The analytic hierarchy process is a technology based on multi-criteria decision-making. By constructing a hierarchical structure, complex decision-making problems are decomposed into multi-level factors and each factor is quantitatively weighted. In this scheme, the factors of the hierarchical analysis include at least density error, matching degree and calibration stability, and the weights of matching degree and density error are higher. The density error reflects the deviation between the density of the calibration column and the density of the bone to be measured, the matching degree quantifies the fit between the target CT value and the theoretical CT value of the calibration column, and the calibration stability evaluates the performance of the calibration column in the actual measurement process.

[0086] Different weights are assigned to these factors through the hierarchical analysis method. Density error and matching degree are given higher weight values, which means that when selecting the calibration column, the system pays more attention to the matching of the density of the calibration column with the bone to be measured, as well as the adaptability of its theoretical CT value. This multi-factor comprehensive consideration method effectively improves the accuracy of the calibration column selection and avoids the occurrence of measurement errors caused by improper selection of a single factor (such as simple density matching). At the same time, considering the factor of calibration stability, it ensures that the calibration column finally selected shows good stability and reliability during the measurement process.

[0087] After the factor scoring of each initial calibration solid column is completed, the optimization selection model will sort the comprehensive scores of each calibration column, and finally select the initial calibration solid column with the highest comprehensive score as the calibration solid column matching the expected density range. This scoring and sorting process further ensures that the selected calibration column performs well in all aspects, not only in terms of the matching degree between the theoretical CT value and the target CT value, but also in terms of density error and calibration stability. In this way, the final calibration column is not only the most suitable for the measurement needs, but also the most stable and reliable, ensuring the accuracy and repeatability of calibration in CT scanning.

[0088] Compared with the existing technology of selecting calibration columns based on experience or using a single standard calibration column, this technical solution uses the analytic hierarchy process to carefully screen and weight each candidate calibration column by comprehensively considering multiple factors such as density error, matching degree and calibration stability, significantly improving the scientificity and accuracy of calibration column selection. Through this optimization selection model, this solution effectively solves the problems of calibration mismatch and measurement error in the existing technology, making the calibration process more personalized and intelligent, ensuring the accuracy of bone density measurement, especially showing unique advantages in the complex measurement requirements of different bone types and different individuals.

[0089] Therefore, the innovation of this technical solution is reflected in its scientific calibration column selection process. It uses technical means such as linear regression model, matching degree calculation, multi-factor comprehensive consideration and hierarchical analysis method to optimize the calibration column selection process from multiple angles, which not only provides more accurate support for bone density measurement, but also makes the measurement process more personalized and reliable, effectively solving the complex calibration requirements that are difficult to cope with in existing technologies. Through such a design, this solution not only improves the overall accuracy of QCT measurement, but also provides a more reliable tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of bone density-related diseases, fully demonstrating its innovation and technical advantages.

[0090] In addition, after "selecting a calibration solid column that matches the expected density range", in order to effectively perform the measurement, it is necessary to further combine the design features of the phantom body and the calibration column in the two examples described previously. In the first example, a plurality of slots are provided on the body of the phantom, and these slots are used to accommodate and fix a plurality of calibration solid columns, wherein each calibration solid column represents a different density level. After the calibration solid column that matches the expected density range of the bone to be measured is determined, the system activates the corresponding slot by receiving a calibration column matching instruction, so that the target calibration solid column connected to the slot is used for the actual CT bone density measurement process. This process realizes the automated selection and activation of the calibration column, greatly improves the efficiency of the measurement and the convenience of operation, and ensures that the calibration column selected during the measurement process accurately matches the density requirements of the bone to be measured.

[0091] In another example, a universal card slot is provided on the phantom body, which can accommodate any one of a plurality of calibration solid columns. In combination with this design, after the system determines the target calibration solid column based on the linear regression model and the expected density range of the bone to be tested, the body will generate a prompt message based on the coded information of the target calibration solid column, instructing the staff to manually insert the specific calibration solid column into the card slot of the body. This prompt message may be presented to the operator in a visual (such as an indication on a display screen) or auditory (such as a beeping tone) form to ensure that the target calibration solid column is correctly installed. The advantage of this design is that although manual intervention is required, the system reduces the risk of human error through coded information and prompt functions, and ensures the accuracy of calibration column selection.

[0092] Therefore, in this technical solution, after selecting a calibration solid column that matches the expected density range of the bone to be measured, the placement and activation of the calibration solid column can be completed through two different implementation methods according to different equipment and application scenarios. For a phantom equipped with multiple slots, the target calibration column can be automatically identified and activated by the system to achieve fully automatic measurement preparation. For a phantom with only one universal slot, the system will generate a prompt message to guide the staff to manually replace and install the corresponding calibration solid column for the next CT scan.

[0093] These two methods, combined with the process of selecting matching calibration columns using a linear regression model, form a complete and flexible calibration mechanism that can ensure the accuracy of calibration and the consistency of measurement results, whether in equipment with a high degree of automation or in scenarios that require manual operation. The setting of this dual selection mechanism makes the present invention not only suitable for fully automated medical environments, but also adaptable to environments with limited resources or different operating requirements. Compared with the deficiencies of the prior art that rely on fixed calibration columns and lack intelligent selection, this solution significantly improves the accuracy, efficiency and controllability of bone density measurement by increasing the selectivity of the calibration column and the flexibility of the operating method.

[0094] like Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a calibration solid column determination device based on a quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom, wherein the quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom is the quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom described in the above embodiment. Specifically, the calibration solid column determination device includes:

[0095] The acquisition unit 1 is used to acquire a plurality of calibration solid columns made by mixing hydroxyapatite powder and polymethyl methacrylate, and scan the plurality of calibration solid columns by using a CT device to obtain a CT value of each calibration solid column.

[0096] Establishing unit 2, for establishing a linear regression model of density and CT value according to the density value and the corresponding CT value of each calibration solid column, wherein the density value of the calibration solid column is determined by the ratio of the hydroxyapatite powder to polymethyl methacrylate.

[0097] The acquisition unit 3 is used to acquire the expected density range of the bone to be tested, and select a calibration solid column matching the expected density range in combination with the linear regression model.

[0098] The scanning unit 4 is used to place the selected calibration solid column and the bone to be tested in the CT device synchronously or asynchronously for scanning to obtain the CT value of the bone to be tested.

[0099] The calculation unit 5 is used to substitute the CT value of the bone to be measured into the linear regression model to calculate the actual bone density value of the bone to be measured.

[0100] In this embodiment, for the specific implementation of each unit in the above device embodiment, please refer to the above method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0101] Reference Figure 3 In an embodiment of the present invention, a computer device is also provided. The computer device may be a server, and its internal structure may be as follows: Figure 3As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a display screen, an input device, a network interface and a database connected through a system bus. Among them, the processor designed by the computer is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store the corresponding data in this embodiment. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the above method is implemented.

[0102] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 3 The structure shown in the figure is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the solution of the present invention, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present invention is applied.

[0103] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above method is implemented. It can be understood that the computer-readable storage medium in this embodiment can be a volatile readable storage medium or a non-volatile readable storage medium.

[0104] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media provided by the present invention and used in the embodiments may include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double-speed data rate SDRAM (SSRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM.

[0105] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, device, article or method including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, device, article or method. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "includes a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, device, article or method including the element.

[0106] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining a calibration solid column based on a quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom, characterized in that: The quantitative CT bone density measurement phantom comprises: a main body and a plurality of calibration solid columns, wherein the plurality of calibration solid columns correspond to different bone density levels, and the main body is provided with at least one slot, and the main body is connected to different calibration solid columns through the slot, wherein the calibration solid column determination method comprises: Obtaining a plurality of calibration solid columns made by mixing hydroxyapatite powder and polymethyl methacrylate, and scanning the plurality of calibration solid columns using a CT device to obtain a CT value of each calibration solid column; According to the density value and the corresponding CT value of each calibration solid column, a linear regression model of density and CT value is established, wherein the density value of the calibration solid column is determined by the ratio of the hydroxyapatite powder to polymethyl methacrylate; Obtaining the expected density range of the bone to be tested, and selecting a calibration solid column that matches the expected density range in combination with the linear regression model; wherein obtaining the expected density range of the bone to be tested includes: obtaining an X-ray image of the bone to be tested, and performing an imaging evaluation on the bone to be tested based on the X-ray image to obtain first evaluation data; obtaining personal information of the subject to whom the bone to be tested belongs, and performing a preliminary evaluation on the bone to be tested based on the personal information to obtain second evaluation data, wherein the personal information includes: age, gender, and medical history; inputting the first evaluation data into an imaging feature extraction module to extract bone tissue density features, trabecular structure parameters, and cortical bone thickness. The multi-dimensional imaging features of the patient are used to obtain an imaging feature vector; the second evaluation data is input into an individualized evaluation model, and the patient's age, gender, and medical history feature data are weighted based on the individualized evaluation model to obtain an individual feature weight matrix; the imaging feature vector and the individual feature weight matrix are input into a fuzzy inference system, a fuzzy inference model based on a rule base is established, and a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is performed on the imaging features and individual features through fuzzy membership functions and inference rules to generate a membership output of bone density; the output of the fuzzy inference system is defuzzified using the maximum membership principle to obtain the expected density range of the bone to be tested, wherein the expected density range is a plurality of possible density values. The method comprises the following steps: a set of values, combining the maximum membership value of fuzzy reasoning to determine the final expected density value; wherein, combining the linear regression model, selecting a calibration solid column matching the expected density range, including: calculating the CT value range corresponding to the expected density range according to the regression equation in the linear regression model to obtain a target CT value range; determining an initial calibration solid column in the target CT value range; when there is one initial calibration solid column, determining the initial calibration solid column as the calibration solid column matching the expected density range; when there are multiple initial calibration solid columns, obtaining the density value of each initial calibration solid column, and calculating each initial calibration solid column based on the linear regression model. The theoretical CT value of the calibration solid column; according to the expected density range of the bone to be tested, the matching degree of each initial calibration solid column and the target CT value is calculated, wherein the matching degree is defined as the inverse of the absolute error between the target CT value and the theoretical CT value of the initial calibration solid column; an optimization selection model is established, wherein the optimization selection model uses a hierarchical analysis method to weight each factor to determine the comprehensive score of each initial calibration solid column, wherein the factors include at least: density error, matching degree and calibration stability, and the weights of matching degree and density error are higher; the comprehensive scores of each initial calibration solid column are sorted, and the initial calibration solid column with the highest comprehensive score is determined as the calibration solid column matching the expected density range; The selected calibration solid column and the bone to be tested are placed in a CT device synchronously or asynchronously for scanning to obtain a CT value of the bone to be tested; The CT value of the bone to be tested is substituted into the linear regression model to calculate the actual bone density value of the bone to be tested.

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