A device and method for additive manufacturing of high-temperature alloy thin-walled components

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of electron beam high-temperature alloy preparation, and specifically relates to an additive manufacturing device and method for high-temperature alloy thin-walled components. The device includes a vacuum chamber, a powder feeding mechanism, a two-dimensional translation drive mechanism, a forming cylinder, a lifting platform, a horizontal moving platform, an electron gun, a lifting mechanism, a pressure plate and an electromagnetic stirrer. The lifting platform is arranged in the forming cylinder; the powder feeding mechanism is used to push the high-temperature alloy powder; the horizontal moving platform is arranged on the two-dimensional translation drive mechanism, the electron gun is arranged on the horizontal moving platform, and the pressure plate is connected to the bottom of the horizontal moving platform through the lifting mechanism; an electromagnetic stirrer is arranged on the pressure plate; the electron beam emitted by the electron gun is irradiated on the high-temperature alloy powder to form a molten pool, and the electromagnetic stirrer electromagnetically stirs the molten pool to realize additive manufacturing of high-temperature alloy thin-walled components. The present invention provides a stirring magnetic field in the additive manufacturing process, refines the grains, realizes equiaxed crystals, and at the same time slows down the cooling gradient, eliminates the solidification stress concentration and the generation of micro cracks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electron beam high-temperature alloy preparation, and in particular relates to an additive manufacturing device and method for high-temperature alloy thin-walled components. Background Art

[0002] Adding various trace elements to high-temperature alloys can improve their fatigue life and high-temperature creep performance. The core issues of improving the performance and stabilizing the quality of high-temperature alloys are the segregation of the tissues grown during the printing process of high-temperature alloys, reducing impurities, refining the crystals, and generating more equiaxed crystals. The existing electron beam additive manufacturing is severely limited in the size of the workpiece printed due to the capacity limitations of its deflection coils and focusing coils, and the existing commercial electronic stirring is not suitable for electron beam selective additive manufacturing. Mechanical stirring and electromagnetic stirring are currently used in the field of high-temperature alloy casting, but high-temperature alloy thin-walled components are difficult to form due to casting cold shut and forging mold problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an additive manufacturing device and method for high-temperature alloy thin-walled components to improve the fatigue life and high-temperature creep performance of high-temperature alloys. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for additive manufacturing of high-temperature alloy thin-walled components to solve the problem of segregation caused by added elements in high-temperature alloys, which affects fatigue life and high-temperature creep performance.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides an additive manufacturing device for high-temperature alloy thin-walled components, comprising a vacuum chamber and a powder feeding mechanism, a two-dimensional translation drive mechanism, a forming cylinder, a lifting platform, a horizontal moving platform, an electron gun, a lifting mechanism, a pressure plate and an electromagnetic stirrer arranged in the vacuum chamber, wherein the forming cylinder is arranged on a working plane at the bottom of the vacuum chamber, the lifting platform is arranged in the forming cylinder and can be lifted and lowered; the powder feeding mechanism is used for quantitatively pushing high-temperature alloy powder into the forming cylinder; the horizontal moving platform is arranged on the two-dimensional translation drive mechanism, the electron gun is arranged on the horizontal moving platform, the pressure plate is arranged below the horizontal moving platform, and is connected to the horizontal moving platform through the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is used for driving the pressure plate to lift and lower; the pressure plate is provided with a center hole and multiple groups of electromagnetic stirrers surrounding the center hole; the electron beam emitted by the electron gun passes through the center hole of the pressure plate and irradiates the high-temperature alloy powder on the lifting platform to form a molten pool, the pressure plate contacts the high-temperature alloy powder, the electromagnetic stirrer electromagnetically stirs the molten pool, and the two-dimensional translation drive mechanism drives the horizontal moving platform to perform horizontal two-dimensional coupling movement above the forming cylinder to realize additive manufacturing of high-temperature alloy thin-walled components.

[0006] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic stirrer includes an A-phase electromagnetic stirrer, a B-phase electromagnetic stirrer, and a C-phase electromagnetic stirrer uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction;

[0007] The A-phase electromagnetic stirrer, the B-phase electromagnetic stirrer and the C-phase electromagnetic stirrer have the same structure, and all adopt a symmetrical structure to form a closed-loop magnetic line of force, and the magnetic line of force passes through the molten pool to realize the electromagnetic stirring function.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the A-phase electromagnetic stirrer includes an iron core I, a coil I, a cooling water ring I, an iron core II, a coil II, a cooling water ring II and a bridge iron, wherein the iron core I and the iron core II are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pressure plate, the cooling water ring I and the coil I are mounted on the iron core I from bottom to top, the cooling water ring II and the coil II are mounted on the iron core II from bottom to top, the tops of the iron core I and the iron core II are connected by a bridge iron, and the center of the bridge iron is provided with a middle through hole for the electron beam to pass through.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the iron core I and the iron core II are respectively embedded in two grooves symmetrically provided on the pressure plate, and the cooling water ring I and the cooling water ring II are respectively accommodated in the two grooves.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the lifting mechanism includes two groups of connecting rod assemblies that are symmetrically arranged;

[0011] The connecting rod assembly includes an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod and a rotary drive motor, wherein the rotary drive motor is arranged on one side of the electron gun, the output end of the rotary drive motor is connected to one end of the upper connecting rod, the other end of the upper connecting rod is hinged to one end of the lower connecting rod, and the other end of the lower connecting rod is hinged to one side edge of the pressure plate, and the rotary drive motor drives the upper connecting rod to swing up and down, thereby driving the pressure plate to rise and fall.

[0012] In a possible implementation, tracks are provided on both sides of the vacuum chamber, and the two-dimensional translation driving mechanism is provided on the tracks on both sides of the vacuum chamber;

[0013] The two-dimensional translation drive mechanism includes a track direction moving body, a direct drive motor, a lead screw and a linear motor, wherein there are two lead screws, the two lead screws are arranged in parallel and the two ends are connected by two track direction moving bodies respectively, and one end of the two lead screws is connected to the two direct drive motors respectively, and the two direct drive motors respectively drive the two lead screws to rotate; the two track direction moving bodies are respectively slidably connected to the two tracks through sliders, the linear motor is arranged between the track direction moving body and the track, and the linear motor is used to drive the track direction moving body to move along the track; the two lead screws are connected to the two ends of the horizontal moving platform through nuts, and the lead screws rotate to drive the horizontal moving platform to move in a direction perpendicular to the track.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, a support beam is connected between the two track-direction moving bodies, and a drag chain connected to the electron gun is provided on the support beam.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the electron gun includes an electron gun housing and a filament, a focusing electrode, a cathode, an anode, a focusing coil and a deflection coil arranged in the electron gun housing from top to bottom, wherein an emission hole is provided at the bottom of the electron gun housing.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the powder feeding mechanism includes a powder generator and a powder spreader, wherein the powder generator is arranged at one end of the top of the vacuum chamber, and is used to store high-temperature alloy powder and quantitatively feed powder; the powder spreader is arranged on a working plane at the bottom of the vacuum chamber and is located below the powder generator, and the powder spreader is used to evenly push the high-temperature alloy powder into the forming cylinder.

[0017] Another aspect of the present invention provides an additive manufacturing method using the above-mentioned high-temperature alloy thin-walled component additive manufacturing device, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step S1: adding high temperature alloy powder to the powder generator and establishing a vacuum environment in the vacuum chamber;

[0019] Step S2: The lifting platform rises to a position where the upper surface is close to the working plane at the bottom of the vacuum chamber;

[0020] Step S3: The powder distributor sends out high-temperature alloy powder in a quantitative manner, and the powder spreader spreads the powder onto the lifting platform;

[0021] Step S4: the electron gun emits an electron beam onto the high-temperature alloy powder on the lifting platform to form a molten pool, and the electromagnetic stirrer on the pressure plate electromagnetically stirs the molten pool;

[0022] Step S5: the two-dimensional translation driving mechanism drives the horizontal moving platform to couple translation in the horizontal direction to perform a layer of high-temperature alloy additive manufacturing;

[0023] Step S6: the lifting mechanism drives the pressure plate to rise to avoid the powder spreading movement of the powder spreader;

[0024] Step S7: the lifting platform descends to a set height;

[0025] Step S8: looping steps S3 to S7 until the additive manufacturing of the high-temperature alloy thin-walled component is completed.

[0026] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a high-temperature alloy thin-walled component additive manufacturing device, which provides a stirring magnetic field during the additive manufacturing process, refines the grains, realizes equiaxed grains, and at the same time slows down the cooling gradient, eliminates solidification stress concentration and the generation of micro cracks.

[0027] The focusing coil and the deflection coil in the electron gun of the present invention have certain limitations on the printing range of the high-temperature alloy components of the electron beam, so the electron gun is more suitable for printing large-sized high-temperature alloy components through the horizontal movement of the horizontal moving platform.

[0028] The pressure plate of the present invention adopts a connecting rod type lifting mechanism, which is suitable for the height-restricted working condition in the vacuum chamber. The lower surface of the pressure plate effectively prevents the high-temperature alloy powder from having non-planar convexities and concavities under the action of the magnetic field, effectively improving the stability and reliability of electron beam processing.

[0029] The present invention adopts electromagnetic stirring to effectively solve the segregation caused by the addition of elements to the high-temperature alloy, which helps to ensure the consistency of the printing quality of the high-temperature alloy, and helps to reduce impurity crystals, ensure the lattice structure of equiaxed crystals, help to refine the grains, and improve the fatigue and high-temperature creep performance of the product.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 It is an axonometric view of a high-temperature alloy thin-walled component additive manufacturing device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0037] Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of a high-temperature alloy thin-wall component additive manufacturing device according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0039] In the figure: 1-vacuum chamber, 2-vacuum door, 3-powder generator, 4-powder spreader, 5-track, 6-two-dimensional translation drive mechanism, 601-track direction moving body, 602-direct drive motor, 603-screw, 604-linear motor, 605-support beam, 606-drag chain, 7-working plane, 8-forming cylinder, 9-high temperature alloy thin-walled component, 10-lifting platform, 11-horizontal moving platform, 12-electron gun, 1201-filament, 1202-cathode, 120 3-bunching electrode, 1204-anode, 1205-focusing coil, 1206-deflection coil, 1207-emitter, 13-lifting mechanism, 1301-upper connecting rod, 1302-lower connecting rod, 14-pressure plate, 1401-outer fillet, 1402-inner fillet, 1403-groove, 1404-center hole, 15-electron beam, 16-molten pool, 17-electromagnetic stirrer, 17A-A phase electromagnetic stirrer, 17A01-iron core Ⅰ, 17A02-coil Ⅰ, 17A03-cooling water ring Ⅰ, 17A04-iron core Ⅱ, 17A05-coil Ⅱ, 17A06-cooling water ring Ⅱ, 17A07-bridge iron, 17A08-middle through hole, 17B-B phase electromagnetic stirrer, 17C-C phase electromagnetic stirrer, 18-high temperature alloy powder, 19-magnetic lines of force. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0042] An embodiment of the present invention provides an additive manufacturing device for high-temperature alloy thin-walled components, which provides a stirring magnetic field during the solidification process of additive manufacturing to break the columnar growth of strong crystals, refine the grains, achieve equiaxed crystals, and slow down the temperature drop gradient to eliminate solidification stress concentration and the generation of micro cracks. Figures 1 to 5As shown, the additive manufacturing device for high-temperature alloy thin-walled components includes a vacuum chamber 1 and a powder feeding mechanism arranged in the vacuum chamber 1, a two-dimensional translation drive mechanism 6, a forming cylinder 8, a lifting platform 10, a horizontal moving platform 11, an electron gun 12, a lifting mechanism 13, a pressure plate 14 and an electromagnetic stirrer 17, wherein a vacuum door 2 is provided on one side of the vacuum chamber 1, and the bottom is a working plane 7. The forming cylinder 8 is arranged on the working plane 7 at the bottom of the vacuum chamber 1, and the lifting platform 10 is arranged in the forming cylinder 8 and can be lifted and lowered; the powder feeding mechanism is used to quantitatively push the high-temperature alloy powder 18 into the forming cylinder 8; the horizontal moving platform 11 is arranged on the two-dimensional translation driving mechanism 6, the electron gun 12 is arranged on the horizontal moving platform 11, the pressure plate 14 is arranged below the horizontal moving platform 11, and is connected to the horizontal moving platform 11 through the lifting mechanism 13, and the lifting mechanism 13 is used to drive the pressure plate 14 to rise and fall; the pressure plate 14 is provided with a center hole 1404 and a plurality of groups of electromagnetic stirrers 17 surrounding the center hole 1404; the electron beam 15 emitted by the electron gun 12 passes through the center hole 1404 of the pressure plate 14 and irradiates the high-temperature alloy powder 18 on the lifting platform 10 to form a molten pool 16, the pressure plate 14 contacts the high-temperature alloy powder 18, the electromagnetic stirrer 17 electromagnetically stirs the molten pool 16, and the two-dimensional translation driving mechanism 6 drives the horizontal moving platform 11 to perform horizontal two-dimensional coupling movement above the forming cylinder 8, so as to realize the additive manufacturing of the high-temperature alloy thin-walled component 9.

[0043] See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the powder feeding mechanism includes a powder generator 3 and a powder spreader 4, wherein the powder generator 3 is arranged at one end of the top of the vacuum chamber 1, and the powder generator 3 is used to store the high-temperature alloy powder 18 and quantitatively feed the powder; the powder spreader 4 is arranged on the working plane 7 at the bottom of the vacuum chamber 1 and is located below the powder generator 3, and the powder spreader 4 is used to evenly push the high-temperature alloy powder 18 into the forming cylinder 8.

[0044] See also Figures 1 to 3As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, tracks 5 are provided on both sides of the vacuum chamber 1, and a two-dimensional translation driving mechanism 6 is provided on the tracks 5 on both sides of the vacuum chamber 1; the two-dimensional translation driving mechanism 6 includes a track direction moving body 601, a direct drive motor 602, a lead screw 603 and a linear motor 604, wherein there are two lead screws 603, the two lead screws 603 are arranged in parallel and the two ends are connected respectively through two track direction moving bodies 601, and one end of the two lead screws 603 is connected to the two direct drive motors 602 respectively, and the two direct drive motors 602 drive the two linear motors 604 respectively. The lead screw 603 rotates; the two track direction moving bodies 601 are slidably connected to the two tracks 5 respectively through sliders, the linear motor 604 is set on the track 5, and the output end is connected to the track direction moving body 601, and the linear motor 604 is used to drive the track direction moving body 601 to move along the track 5; the two lead screws 603 are connected to the two ends of the horizontal moving platform 11 through a nut, and the straight drive motor 602 drives the lead screw 603 to rotate, driving the horizontal moving platform 11 to move in a direction perpendicular to the track 5, thereby realizing movement in two vertical directions.

[0045] Furthermore, a support beam 605 is connected between the two track-direction moving bodies 601, and a drag chain 606 connected to the electron gun 12 is provided on the support beam 605. The drag chain 606 includes but is not limited to cooling water pipes and cables.

[0046] See also Figure 3 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the lifting mechanism 13 includes two groups of connecting rod assemblies symmetrically arranged; each group of connecting rod assemblies includes an upper connecting rod 1301, a lower connecting rod 1302 and a rotary drive motor, wherein the rotary drive motor is arranged on one side of the electron gun 12, and the output end of the rotary drive motor is connected to one end of the upper connecting rod 1301, the other end of the upper connecting rod 1301 is hinged to one end of the lower connecting rod 1302, and the other end of the lower connecting rod 1302 is hinged to one side edge of the pressure plate 14, and the rotary drive motor drives the upper connecting rod 1301 to swing up and down, thereby driving the pressure plate 14 to rise and fall, and the lifting movement of the pressure plate 14 is to avoid interference between the pressure plate 14 and the powder spreading movement of the powder spreader 4.

[0047] See also Figure 5 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the electron gun 12 includes an electron gun housing and a filament 1201, a focusing electrode 1203, a cathode 1202, an anode 1204, a focusing coil 1205 and a deflection coil 1206 arranged in the electron gun housing from top to bottom, wherein an emission hole 1207 is provided at the bottom of the electron gun housing.

[0048] See also Figure 4 , Figure 6As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic stirrer 17 includes an A-phase electromagnetic stirrer 17A, a B-phase electromagnetic stirrer 17B and a C-phase electromagnetic stirrer 17C which are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction; the A-phase electromagnetic stirrer 17A, the B-phase electromagnetic stirrer 17B and the C-phase electromagnetic stirrer 17C have the same structure and all adopt a symmetrical structure to form a closed-loop magnetic line of force 19, and the magnetic line of force 19 passes through the molten pool 16 to realize the electromagnetic stirring function.

[0049] The following description will be made taking the A-phase electromagnetic stirrer 17A as an example.

[0050] See also Figure 6 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the A-phase electromagnetic stirrer 17A includes an iron core Ⅰ17A01, a coil Ⅰ17A02, a cooling water ring Ⅰ17A03, an iron core Ⅱ17A04, a coil Ⅱ17A05, a cooling water ring Ⅱ17A06 and a bridge iron 17A07, wherein the iron core Ⅰ17A01 and the iron core Ⅱ17A04 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pressure plate 14, the cooling water ring Ⅰ17A03 and the coil Ⅰ17A02 are mounted on the iron core Ⅰ17A01 from bottom to top, the cooling water ring Ⅱ17A06 and the coil Ⅱ17A05 are mounted on the iron core Ⅱ17A04 from bottom to top, the tops of the iron core Ⅰ17A01 and the iron core Ⅱ17A04 are connected by the bridge iron 17A07, and the center of the bridge iron 17A07 is provided with a middle through hole 17A08 for the electron beam 15 to pass through.

[0051] Furthermore, the iron core I 17A01 and the iron core II 17A04 are respectively embedded in two grooves 1403 symmetrically provided on the pressure plate 14, and the cooling water ring I 17A03 and the cooling water ring II 17A06 are respectively accommodated in the two grooves 1403. The two grooves 1403 are respectively located on both sides of the central hole 1404 of the pressure plate 14, and the central axes of the two grooves 1403 and the axis of the central hole 1404 of the pressure plate 14 are located in the same plane. The bridge iron 17A07 is a long strip planar structure with a central through hole 17A08 in the middle.

[0052] Specifically, the closed-loop sequence of the magnetic lines of force 19 of the A-phase electromagnetic stirrer 17A is: starting from the upper end of the iron core I 17A01, it passes through the bridge iron 17A07, the iron core II 17A04, the pressure plate 14, the high-temperature alloy powder 18, the molten pool 16, the high-temperature alloy powder 18, the pressure plate 14, and then enters the lower end of the iron core I 17A01.

[0053] The lower surface of the platen 14, the upper surface of the high-temperature alloy powder 18 and the working plane 7 are coplanar. The outer edge of the lower surface of the platen 14 is provided with an outer fillet 1401, and the lower edge of the center hole 1404 is provided with an inner fillet 1402. When the platen 14 moves horizontally, the upper end of the unsolidified high-temperature alloy thin-walled component 9 can be smoothed by the inner fillet 1402. The lower surface of the platen 14 effectively prevents the high-temperature alloy powder 18 from having non-planar convexities and concavities under the action of the magnetic field.

[0054] The present invention adopts multi-phase magnetic field coupling stirring, the core heights of the multiple magnetic fields are different, the bridge iron parts are stacked in the height direction, and the middle through hole 17A08 is coaxial. Therefore, the middle through hole 17A08 of the multi-phase bridge iron is passed through by the electron beam 15. The influence of the magnetic field of electromagnetic stirring on the electron beam 15 is coupled and controlled and corrected together with the focusing coil 1205 and the deflection coil 1206 inside the electron beam 15 to meet the process requirements of the electron beam.

[0055] The invention provides an additive manufacturing device for high-temperature alloy thin-walled components, which provides a stirring magnetic field during the additive manufacturing process, refines grains, realizes equiaxed grains, and at the same time slows down the temperature drop gradient, eliminates solidification stress concentration and the generation of micro cracks.

[0056] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, another embodiment of the present invention provides an additive manufacturing method using the additive manufacturing device for high-temperature alloy thin-walled components in the above embodiment, the method comprising the following steps:

[0057] Step S1: adding high temperature alloy powder 18 to the powder generator 3, and establishing a vacuum environment in the vacuum chamber 1;

[0058] Step S2: The lifting platform 10 rises to a position where the upper surface is close to the working plane 7 at the bottom of the vacuum chamber 1;

[0059] Step S3: the powder generator 3 sends out a quantitative amount of high temperature alloy powder 18, and the powder spreader 4 spreads the powder onto the lifting platform 10;

[0060] Step S4: the electron gun 12 emits an electron beam 15 onto the high-temperature alloy powder 18 on the lifting platform 10 to form a molten pool 16, and the electromagnetic stirrer 17 on the pressure plate 14 electromagnetically stirs the molten pool 16;

[0061] Step S5: the two-dimensional translation driving mechanism 6 drives the horizontal moving platform 11 to couple translation in the horizontal direction to perform a layer of high-temperature alloy additive manufacturing;

[0062] Step S6: the lifting mechanism 13 drives the pressure plate 14 to rise, avoiding the powder spreading movement of the powder spreading device 4;

[0063] Step S7: the lifting platform 10 descends to a set height;

[0064] Step S8: looping steps S3 to S7 until the additive manufacturing of the high-temperature alloy thin-walled component 9 is completed.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum door 2 of the vacuum chamber 1 is used to add high-temperature alloy powder into the powder generator 3 and remove the high-temperature alloy thin-walled component 9. Each time the electron gun 12 prints a layer of additive structure, the powder generator 3 will emit a certain amount of powder, and the powder spreader 4 moves horizontally on the working plane 7 to push the high-temperature alloy powder 18 and spread the high-temperature alloy powder 18 in the forming cylinder 8. The horizontal moving platform 11 is coupled and translated in the horizontal direction under the drive of the two-dimensional translation drive mechanism 6. The electron beam 15 emitted by the electron gun 12 melts the high-temperature alloy powder 18 to form a molten pool 16. The electromagnetic stirrer 17 on the pressure plate 14 electromagnetically stirs the molten pool 16, and the lifting mechanism 13 controls the lifting movement of the pressure plate 14.

[0066] The present invention adopts electromagnetic stirring to effectively solve the segregation caused by the addition of elements to the high-temperature alloy, which helps to ensure the consistency of the printing quality of the high-temperature alloy, and helps to reduce impurity crystals, ensure the lattice structure of equiaxed crystals, help to refine the grains, and improve the fatigue and high-temperature creep performance of the product.

[0067] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A high-temperature alloy thin-walled component additive manufacturing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vacuum chamber (1), a powder feeding mechanism arranged in the vacuum chamber (1), a two-dimensional translation driving mechanism (6), a molding cylinder (8), a lifting platform (10), a horizontal moving platform (11), an electron gun (12), a lifting mechanism (13), a pressure plate (14) and an electromagnetic stirrer (17), wherein the molding cylinder (8) is arranged on a working plane (7) at the bottom of the vacuum chamber (1), the lifting platform (10) is arranged in the molding cylinder (8) and can be lifted and lowered; the powder feeding mechanism is used to quantitatively push high-temperature alloy powder (18) into the molding cylinder (8); the horizontal moving platform (11) is arranged on the two-dimensional translation driving mechanism (6), the electron gun (12) is arranged on the horizontal moving platform (11), the pressure plate (14) is arranged below the horizontal moving platform (11) and can be lifted and lowered The mechanism (13) is connected to the horizontal moving platform (11), and the lifting mechanism (13) is used to drive the pressure plate (14) to move up and down; the pressure plate (14) is provided with a central hole (1404) and a plurality of sets of electromagnetic stirrers (17) surrounding the central hole (1404); the electron beam (15) emitted by the electron gun (12) passes through the central hole (1404) of the pressure plate (14) and irradiates the high-temperature alloy powder (18) on the lifting platform (10) to form a molten pool (16); the pressure plate (14) contacts the high-temperature alloy powder (18), and the electromagnetic stirrer (17) electromagnetically stirs the molten pool (16); the two-dimensional translation driving mechanism (6) drives the horizontal moving platform (11) to perform horizontal two-dimensional coupled movement above the forming cylinder (8), thereby realizing additive manufacturing of a high-temperature alloy thin-walled component (9).

2. The device for additive manufacturing of high temperature alloy thin-walled components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic stirrer (17) comprises an A-phase electromagnetic stirrer (17A), a B-phase electromagnetic stirrer (17B) and a C-phase electromagnetic stirrer (17C) uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction; The A-phase electromagnetic stirrer (17A), the B-phase electromagnetic stirrer (17B), and the C-phase electromagnetic stirrer (17C) have the same structure and all adopt a symmetrical structure to form a closed-loop magnetic line of force (19). The magnetic line of force (19) passes through the molten pool (16) to achieve an electromagnetic stirring function.

3. The device for additive manufacturing of high temperature alloy thin-walled components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The A-phase electromagnetic stirrer (17A) comprises an iron core I (17A01), a coil I (17A02), a cooling water ring I (17A03), an iron core II (17A04), a coil II (17A05), a cooling water ring II (17A06) and a bridge iron (17A07), wherein the iron core I (17A01) and the iron core II (17A04) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pressure plate (14), and the cooling water ring I (17A03) and Coil I (17A02) is mounted on iron core I (17A01) from bottom to top, cooling water ring II (17A06) and coil II (17A05) are mounted on iron core II (17A04) from bottom to top, the tops of iron core I (17A01) and iron core II (17A04) are connected via a bridge iron (17A07), and a middle through hole (17A08) for the electron beam (15) to pass through is provided at the center of the bridge iron (17A07).

4. The device for additive manufacturing of high temperature alloy thin-walled components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The iron core I (17A01) and the iron core II (17A04) are respectively embedded in two grooves (1403) symmetrically arranged on the pressure plate (14), and the cooling water ring I (17A03) and the cooling water ring II (17A06) are respectively accommodated in the two grooves (1403).

5. The device for additive manufacturing of high temperature alloy thin-walled components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (13) comprises two groups of connecting rod assemblies which are symmetrically arranged; The connecting rod assembly comprises an upper connecting rod (1301), a lower connecting rod (1302) and a rotary drive motor, wherein the rotary drive motor is arranged on one side of the electron gun (12), the output end of the rotary drive motor is connected to one end of the upper connecting rod (1301), the other end of the upper connecting rod (1301) is hinged to one end of the lower connecting rod (1302), and the other end of the lower connecting rod (1302) is hinged to one side edge of the pressure plate (14), and the rotary drive motor drives the upper connecting rod (1301) to swing up and down, thereby driving the pressure plate (14) to rise and fall.

6. The device for additive manufacturing of high temperature alloy thin-walled components according to claim 1, characterized in that: Tracks (5) are provided on both sides of the vacuum chamber (1), and the two-dimensional translation drive mechanism (6) is arranged on the tracks (5) on both sides of the vacuum chamber (1); The two-dimensional translation drive mechanism (6) comprises a track direction moving body (601), a direct drive motor (602), a lead screw (603) and a linear motor (604), wherein there are two lead screws (603), the two lead screws (603) are arranged in parallel and the two ends are connected through the two track direction moving bodies (601), and one end of the two lead screws (603) is respectively connected to the two direct drive motors (602), and the two direct drive motors (602) respectively drive the two lead screws (603) to rotate; the two track directions are The track-direction moving body (601) is slidably connected to the two tracks (5) via sliders; a linear motor (604) is arranged between the track-direction moving body (601) and the track (5); the linear motor (604) is used to drive the track-direction moving body (601) to move along the track (5); two lead screws (603) are connected to two ends of the horizontal moving platform (11) via a nut; the lead screws (603) rotate to drive the horizontal moving platform (11) to move in a direction perpendicular to the track (5).

7. The device for additive manufacturing of high temperature alloy thin-walled components according to claim 6, characterized in that: A support beam (605) is connected between the two track-direction moving bodies (601), and a drag chain (606) connected to the electron gun (12) is provided on the support beam (605).

8. The device for additive manufacturing of high temperature alloy thin-walled components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electron gun (12) comprises an electron gun housing and a filament (1201), a focusing electrode (1203), a cathode (1202), an anode (1204), a focusing coil (1205) and a deflection coil (1206) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the electron gun housing, wherein an emission hole (1207) is provided at the bottom of the electron gun housing.

9. The device for additive manufacturing of high temperature alloy thin-walled components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder feeding mechanism comprises a powder generator (3) and a powder spreader (4), wherein the powder generator (3) is arranged at one end of the top of the vacuum chamber (1), and is used to store high-temperature alloy powder (18) and quantitatively feed powder; the powder spreader (4) is arranged on a working plane (7) at the bottom of the vacuum chamber (1) and is located below the powder generator (3), and is used to uniformly push the high-temperature alloy powder (18) into the forming cylinder (8).

10. An additive manufacturing method using the additive manufacturing device for high-temperature alloy thin-walled components according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: adding high temperature alloy powder (18) to the powder generator (3), and establishing a vacuum environment in the vacuum chamber (1); Step S2: the lifting platform (10) rises to a position where the upper surface is close to the working plane (7) at the bottom of the vacuum chamber (1); Step S3: the powder generator (3) sends a quantitative amount of high-temperature alloy powder (18), and the powder spreader (4) spreads the powder onto the lifting platform (10); Step S4: the electron gun (12) emits an electron beam (15) onto the high-temperature alloy powder (18) on the lifting platform (10) to form a molten pool (16), and at the same time, the electromagnetic stirrer (17) on the pressure plate (14) performs electromagnetic stirring on the molten pool (16); Step S5: the two-dimensional translation driving mechanism (6) drives the horizontal moving platform (11) to couple translation in the horizontal direction to perform additive manufacturing of a layer of high-temperature alloy; Step S6: the lifting mechanism (13) drives the pressure plate (14) to rise, avoiding the powder spreading movement of the powder spreading device (4); Step S7: the lifting platform (10) descends to a set height; Step S8: looping steps S3 to S7 until the additive manufacturing of the high-temperature alloy thin-walled component (9) is completed.

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