Composite coating PCBN (Polycrystalline Cubic Boron Nitride) cutting tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of cutting tools, in particular to a composite coating PCBN cutting tool which comprises a tool handle, a tool apron and a blade and further comprises a clamping groove, a pressing block assembly, a clamping assembly, a limiting assembly and a chip blowing assembly. A blade is pressed in a blade groove through a pressing plate, meanwhile, an annular block is inserted into the bottom of the blade, force is applied in the vertical direction at the same time, then the effect of clamping and fixing the blade is achieved, meanwhile, a clamping block is inserted into the middle of the blade, and the limiting and fixing effects on the blade are enhanced; the problem that the cutting precision is reduced due to loose fixation of the blade and the tool apron after long-time use is prevented; in addition, quick disassembly and assembly can be achieved, and the working efficiency of disassembly and assembly or blade replacement is improved; and meanwhile, vibration of the blade is reduced, so that the probability of abnormal stripping of the PVD coating is reduced, and the service life of the coating is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of cutting tools, in particular to a composite coated PCBN cutting tool. Background Art

[0002] PCBN, or polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, is a new type of tool material that is artificially synthesized and has a hardness second only to natural diamond. Existing PCBN tools generally include a blade, a tool holder, and a tool bar. The bottom of the tool holder is connected to the front end of the tool bar. The front end of the tool holder is provided with a tool groove, and a screw hole is provided in the tool groove. The blade is placed inside the tool groove, and a countersunk through hole is provided in the middle of the blade. The locking screw is inserted through the countersunk through hole and screwed into the screw hole to fix the blade.

[0003] When existing cutting tools are cutting, the contact between the blade and the workpiece will cause the tool to vibrate slightly. This vibration will reduce the processing accuracy. In order to achieve better performance, existing cutting tools usually cover the blade surface with a composite coating. Among them, PVD coating is widely used in cutting tools due to its excellent hardness and wear resistance. However, the bonding strength between PVD coating and the tool substrate is poor. When the tool vibrates, the coating is prone to abnormal peeling, thereby losing its function of protecting the tool.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, some solutions have been provided in the prior art, such as a multifunctional mechanical cold processing hole cutting machine clamp tool with publication number CN108145190B. In this prior art, a counterweight block is installed at the rear end of the tool rod, and a shock-absorbing cavity is formed by connecting multiple blind holes, so that the tool can be more stable during the mechanical processing process, reduce the vibration amplitude, and improve the processing accuracy; although this prior art reduces the vibration amplitude of the tool during the processing to a certain extent, its shock-absorbing mechanism is installed at the rear end of the tool rod, and the shock-absorbing effect on the front end blade is not ideal. After long-term use in some low-rigidity cutting environments, the fixation between the front end blade and the tool holder will gradually loosen, thereby causing the position of the blade to shift, thereby affecting the processing accuracy. At the same time, the loose tool will vibrate more during cutting, which will accelerate the peeling of the coating and thus affect the service life of the coating.

[0005] Therefore, a composite coated PCBN cutting tool is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite coated PCBN cutting tool, which solves the problem that the fixation between the blade and the tool holder is easily loosened after the tool is used for a long time, thereby generating vibration to affect the processing accuracy, and the coating peels off due to vibration, thereby affecting the service life of the coating. The upper and lower sides of the blade are clamped and fixed by a pressing plate and an annular block, and the blade is limited and fixed by a clamping block, so that the connection between the blade and the tool holder is more stable, the vibration is reduced, and thus abnormal peeling of the coating is avoided, the service life of the coating is prolonged, and at the same time, the effect of rapid disassembly and replacement of the blade can be achieved, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A composite coated PCBN cutting tool comprises a tool holder, a tool seat and a blade, the tool seat is connected to the tool holder, a tool groove is provided on the tool seat, the blade is arranged in the tool groove and connected to the tool seat, and also comprises a card slot, a pressure block assembly, a clamping assembly, a limit assembly and a chip blowing assembly, a plurality of the card slots are arranged on the side wall of the blade, and the two card slots on the opposite sides have different heights, the pressure block assembly is connected to the tool seat, the clamping assembly is connected to the pressure block assembly, the limit assembly is connected to the pressure block assembly, and the chip blowing assembly is connected to the limit assembly and the clamping assembly. When the blade is installed, the pressure block assembly moves up and drives the clamping assembly and the limit assembly to retract into the tool seat, and after the blade is placed in the tool groove, the pressure block assembly moves down, and the limit assembly moves up from the bottom of the blade and cooperates with the pressure block assembly to clamp the blade, and the clamping assembly is inserted into the card slot. When the blade is removed or replaced, the pressure block assembly moves up and drives the clamping assembly to retract into the tool seat, and the limit assembly moves down and squeezes the gas in the chip blowing assembly into the card slot.

[0009] In the existing cutting tools, the blade is usually installed on the tool holder by screws. However, the cutting tool will inevitably vibrate slightly during the cutting process, and this vibration will gradually loosen the screws. After a long period of use, the machining accuracy of the cutting tool will gradually decrease. At the same time, the loosening of the blade will also cause greater vibration, which will also cause some coatings to peel off abnormally, affecting the normal service life of the coating. At the same time, the screws are prone to problems such as thread slippage after long-term use or improper operation, which will also make the blade fixation unstable. According to the above scheme, the blade is pressed into the knife groove by the pressing block assembly, and the limiting assembly is inserted into the bottom of the blade. While limiting the blade, It can cooperate with the pressure block assembly up and down to clamp and fix the blade. At the same time, the clamping assembly is inserted into the blade from the side and applies force from the middle of the blade, thereby strengthening the limiting and fixing effect of the blade. Through the mutual cooperation of the pressure block assembly, the limiting assembly and the clamping assembly, the fixing effect of the blade is strengthened, and the problem of reduced cutting accuracy caused by loosening of the blade and the knife seat after long-term use is prevented; in addition, compared with traditional screw fixation, this solution can realize quick fixation by loosening the pressure block assembly, thereby improving the work efficiency of disassembling or replacing the blade; at the same time, since the vibration of the blade is reduced, the probability of abnormal peeling of the PVD coating is reduced, thereby ensuring the service life of the coating.

[0010] Preferably, chip breaking strips are provided on the four sides of the blade, the chip breaking strips are located on the upper side of the slot, the length of the chip breaking strips is greater than the covering length of the slot located on the same side of the blade, and the side wall of the blade slot is provided with a positioning groove.

[0011] The four sides of the blade can all be used as cutting edges, so each side is provided with a chip breaking strip. Through the above scheme, the width and length of the positioning groove arranged on the side of the knife groove are the same as the chip breaking strip. The two chip breaking strips on the blade close to the knife groove can cooperate with the positioning groove, so that the blade can be quickly positioned during installation, which is convenient for installation. At the same time, the two chip breaking strips cooperating with the positioning groove can also play an auxiliary limiting role; and the two chip breaking strips located on the outside can interrupt the waste chips cut in time during the cutting process, so that the waste chips form a fixed length, which is convenient for unified cleaning. In addition, during the cutting process, in addition to large waste chips, some fine sand-like granular waste will also be generated. This debris will splash during the cutting process, and the chip breaking strip is located on the upper side of the slot, which can play a shielding role and reduce the number of debris falling into the slot.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure block assembly includes a pressure plate, a vertical shaft, a return spring and an active block, the vertical shaft is slidably connected to the knife seat, the pressure plate is connected to the upper side of the vertical shaft, the active block is connected to the lower side of the vertical shaft, the return spring is sleeved on the lower side of the vertical shaft, the two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the active block and the inner wall of the knife seat, and the pressure plate is in the shape of an L-shape flipped 90 degrees;

[0013] The bottom of the end of the pressing plate away from the vertical axis is made of rubber and is disc-shaped. The end of the pressing plate away from the vertical axis is located directly above the center point of the knife groove.

[0014] Through the above scheme, the front end of the pressure plate will provide a certain pressure on the blade, which plays a role in assisting in fixing the blade. The overall shape of the pressure plate is an L-shape flipped 90 degrees, and a notch is formed with the vertical shaft. When the pressure plate is lifted, the notch in the middle can be hooked to facilitate the application of force. The front end of the pressure plate is disc-shaped, which increases the contact area between the pressure plate and the blade. At the same time, the disc at the front end of the pressure plate is located directly above the center of the knife groove. When force is applied to the blade, the force on the blade can be more evenly applied, which plays a role in balancing the force and making the fixing effect of the pressure plate better. The surface in contact with the blade is made of rubber material, which can avoid damage to the surface coating of the blade as much as possible when fixing the blade. After the blade is installed, the lifting force on the pressure plate is released. At this time, the pressure plate will drop under the action of the reset spring, and the front end of the pressure plate will be pressed against the blade for fixation.

[0015] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes a connecting block, a clamping rail, a clamping block, a connecting plate, a thrust spring, a pressure spring and a slider, the connecting block is connected to the active block, the clamping rail is connected to the connecting block, one end of the clamping block is connected to the clamping rail, the surface of the clamping rail close to the clamping block is an arc-shaped surface, and the thickness of the clamping rail gradually decreases from top to bottom, the end of the clamping block in contact with the clamping rail is provided with an arc chamfer, the connecting plate is connected to two clamping blocks, and a gap is provided between the connecting plate and the clamping block, the two ends of the thrust spring are respectively connected to the connecting plate and the inner wall of the knife seat, the two ends of the pressure spring are respectively between the clamping block and the connecting plate, the slider is connected to the inner sides of the two clamping blocks, and the side of the slider away from the clamping block is provided with an inclined surface.

[0016] Through the above scheme, when installing the blade, the pressure block assembly moves up and then drives the rail to move up through the connecting plate. At this time, the card block will move in the direction of the rail under the action of the thrust spring, and the thickness of the rail gradually decreases from top to bottom, so the card block will move along the surface of the rail. At this time, the end of the card block away from the rail will be retracted into the knife seat, and then the blade will be placed in the knife groove. After the blade is placed and the pressure block assembly is released, the pressure block assembly will drive the rail to move down. At this time, the card block will move along the surface of the rail in the direction away from the rail, so as to be inserted into the blade for fixation. In addition, in order to make the blade more firmly fixed, it is necessary to make the card block and the slot close together. Therefore, a slider with an inclined surface is provided on the inner side of the two card blocks. When the card block moves in the direction of the blade at the beginning, the slider does not contact the knife seat, and the friction of the card block movement is small. When the card block moves to a specified distance, the slider will cooperate with the knife seat to make the two card blocks move in the direction away from each other, and finally tightly attached to the inner wall of the slot, effectively ensuring the fixing effect of the card block on the blade.

[0017] Preferably, the limiting assembly comprises a rack, a gear, a toothed plate, a pressure plate and an annular block, the rack is connected to the active block, the gear is connected to the blade seat and meshes with the rack, the toothed plate meshes with the gear, the pressure plate is connected to the toothed plate, a plurality of the annular blocks are connected to the upper side of the pressure plate, the bottom of the blade is provided with four annular grooves, the annular grooves are distributed at the four corners of the blade, and the number and shape of the annular blocks are the same as the annular grooves;

[0018] The plurality of annular blocks are arranged to form a circle, and the center of the circle is located at the exact center of the knife groove.

[0019] Through the above scheme, when the pressure block assembly is released, the active block will move downward under the action of the return spring, and with the cooperation of the rack, gear and toothed plate, multiple annular blocks will move upward and be inserted into the annular groove at the bottom of the blade. Multiple annular blocks are distributed at the four corners of the blade. When the blade is cutting, the annular blocks located inside the blade can provide a certain support force and balance the force on the blade. At the same time, the center of the circle surrounded by the multiple annular blocks is located in the exact center of the blade groove. While limiting the blade, it can also provide a certain upward pressure on the blade, and then cooperate with the pressure plate located above the center of the blade to achieve an effect of applying force in the upper and lower directions at the same time to clamp and fix the blade, making the clamping more stable.

[0020] Preferably, an air cavity is provided in the block, an air outlet is provided at one end of the air cavity away from the rail, a plurality of through slots are provided in the blade, both ends of the through slots are connected to the slots, and the plurality of through slots do not intersect, a shunt pipe is connected between the two blocks on the same side, the shunt pipe is connected to the air cavity in the block, the chip blowing assembly comprises an air storage plate, an air inlet pipe and a connecting pipe, the air storage plate is connected to the tool holder and is located directly below the pressure plate, the inner diameter of the air storage plate is the same as the outer diameter of the pressure plate, the air inlet pipe is connected to the middle part of the air storage plate, a pipe groove is provided on the lower side of the middle part of the pressure plate, the inner diameter of the pipe groove is the same as the outer diameter of the air inlet pipe, the two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the air storage plate and the shunt pipe, and the connecting pipe is a hose.

[0021] During the cutting process, it is inevitable that some debris will collapse into the card slot. If it is not cleaned in time before the blade changes the cutting edge, it will affect the insertion of the card block and thus affect the fixing effect. Through the above scheme, when it is necessary to disassemble and replace the blade, the pressure plate in the limit assembly will move downward with the annular block. The downward movement of the pressure plate will squeeze the gas in the air storage plate out through the connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is connected to the shunt pipe. Therefore, the squeezed gas will pass through the shunt pipe and then flow through the air cavity, and finally blow out through the through groove in the blade, thereby blowing the debris dropped in the card slot out of the blade; an air inlet pipe is provided in the middle of the air storage plate, and the height of the air inlet pipe is lower than the height of the air storage plate. When the pressure plate is not pressed into the air storage plate, the pipe mouth of the air inlet pipe will be connected to the space in the air storage plate, thereby replenishing the gas in the air storage plate and balancing the internal and external air pressures, thereby facilitating the next chip blowing; multiple through grooves do not intersect with each other, which can effectively prevent the gases blown out of multiple air cavities from impacting each other, thereby reducing the power of the fluid and ensuring the cleaning effect of the gas on the card slot.

[0022] Preferably, the shape of the air cavity is a truncated cone turned 90 degrees, and the diameter inside the air cavity gradually increases in a direction away from the air outlet.

[0023] Through the above solution, the air cavity is arranged to have a smaller space as it is closer to the air outlet, so the gas will be further accelerated when flowing toward the air outlet, further enhancing the cleaning effect of the card slot.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The present invention solves the problem that the fixation between the blade and the tool holder is easy to loosen after long-term use, thereby affecting the processing accuracy and the service life of the coating. The blade is pressed into the tool groove by a pressure plate, and the annular block is inserted into the bottom of the blade, so that the blade is clamped and fixed by applying force in the upper and lower directions at the same time. At the same time, the clamping block is inserted into the middle of the blade to strengthen the limiting and fixing effect of the blade, thereby preventing the problem that the fixation between the blade and the tool holder becomes loose after long-term use, resulting in a decrease in cutting accuracy; in addition, the present solution can achieve rapid disassembly and assembly, thereby improving the work efficiency of disassembling or replacing the blade; at the same time, since the vibration of the blade is reduced, the probability of abnormal peeling of the PVD coating is reduced, thereby ensuring the service life of the coating.

[0026] 2. By setting chip breaking strips, two of which can cooperate with the positioning groove, the blade can be quickly positioned during installation, which is convenient for installation and can also play an auxiliary limiting role; the two chip breaking strips located on the outside can break the waste chips in time during the cutting process, so that the waste chips form a fixed length, which is convenient for unified cleaning. In addition, the chip breaking strip is located on the upper side of the slot, which can play a shielding role and reduce the amount of debris falling into the slot.

[0027] 3. By setting the pressure plate and the annular block, when the blade is cutting, the annular block inside the blade can provide a certain supporting force, thereby balancing the force on the blade. At the same time, the center of the circle surrounded by multiple annular blocks is located in the center of the knife groove, which can cooperate with the pressure plate located above the center of the blade, and apply force in the upper and lower directions at the same time to clamp and fix the blade, making the clamping more stable.

[0028] 4. By setting up a chip blowing assembly, when the pressure plate moves down, the gas in the air storage plate will be squeezed out through the connecting pipe, and then blown into the through groove of the blade through the air cavity of the card block, thereby blowing out the debris that has collapsed into the card groove. When the pressure plate is not pressed into the air storage plate, the mouth of the air inlet pipe will be connected to the space in the air storage plate, thereby replenishing the gas in the air storage plate and balancing the internal and external air pressures, which is convenient for the next chip blowing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the knife holder part of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the briquetting assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping block and the knife seat in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the limit assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the through groove in the blade of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the air cavity in the card block of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the chip blowing assembly of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1, knife handle; 2, knife seat; 3, blade; 4, knife groove; 5, clamping groove; 6, pressure block assembly; 601, pressure plate; 602, vertical shaft; 603, reset spring; 604, active block; 7, clamping assembly; 701, connecting block; 702, clamping rail; 703, clamping block; 704, connecting plate; 705, thrust spring; 706, pressure spring; 707, slider; 8, limit assembly; 801, rack; 802, gear; 803, tooth plate; 804, pressure plate; 805, annular block; 9, chip blowing assembly; 901, air storage plate; 902, air inlet pipe; 903, connecting pipe; 10, chip breaking strip; 11, positioning groove; 12, annular groove; 13, air cavity; 14, air outlet; 15, shunt pipe; 16, pipe groove; 17, through groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] See also Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a composite coated PCBN cutting tool, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0041] For details, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2A composite coated PCBN cutting tool comprises a tool holder 1, a tool seat 2 and a blade 3, wherein the tool seat 2 is connected to the tool holder 1, a tool groove 4 is provided on the tool seat 2, the blade 3 is arranged in the tool groove 4 and connected to the tool seat 2, the blade 3 is composed of a PCBN substrate and a composite coating coated on the surface of the substrate of the blade 3, the coating includes a PVD coating with good hardness and wear resistance, and further comprises a card slot 5, a pressing block assembly 6, a clamping assembly 7, a limiting assembly 8 and a chip blowing assembly 9, wherein the card slot 5 is arranged on the blade 3 The number of the card slots 5 is eight, and each side wall of the blade 3 has two card slots 5. The pressing block assembly 6 presses the blade 3 into the knife groove 4. At the same time, the limiting assembly 8 is inserted into the bottom of the blade 3. While limiting the blade 3, it can also cooperate with the pressing block assembly 6 up and down to clamp and fix the blade 3. At the same time, the clamping assembly 7 is inserted into the blade 3 from the side, and a force is applied from the middle of the blade 3, thereby strengthening the limiting and fixing effect of the blade 3. Through the mutual cooperation of the pressing block assembly 6, the limiting assembly 8 and the clamping assembly 7 , which strengthens the fixing effect of the blade 3 and prevents the problem of reduced cutting accuracy caused by the loosening of the blade 3 and the blade seat 2 after long-term use; chip breaking strips 10 are provided on the four sides of the blade 3, and the chip breaking strips 10 are located on the upper side of the card slot 5. The length of the chip breaking strip 10 is greater than the covering length of the card slot 5 located on the same side of the blade 3. The two side walls of the knife slot 4 are provided with positioning grooves 11. The width and length of the positioning grooves 11 set on the side of the knife slot 4 are the same as those of the chip breaking strip 10. The two chip breaking strips 10 close to the knife slot 4 on the blade 3 can cooperate with the positioning grooves 11, so that the blade 3 can be quickly positioned during installation, which is convenient for installation. At the same time, the two chip breaking strips 10 cooperating with the positioning grooves 11 can also play an auxiliary limiting role; and the two chip breaking strips 10 located on the outside can timely interrupt the waste chips cut during the cutting process, so that the waste chips form a fixed length, which is convenient for unified cleaning. At the same time, the chip breaking strip 10 is located on the upper side of the card slot 5, which can play a shielding role and reduce the number of debris falling into the card slot 5.

[0042] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 3The pressure block assembly 6 is connected to the knife seat 2. The pressure block assembly 6 includes a pressure plate 601, a vertical shaft 602, a return spring 603 and an active block 604. The vertical shaft 602 is slidably connected to the knife seat 2. The vertical shaft 602 is a cylinder. The vertical shaft 602 is slidably connected to the knife seat 2. The pressure plate 601 is connected to the upper side of the vertical shaft 602. The pressure plate 601 is in the shape of an L-shape flipped 90 degrees. The front end of the pressure plate 601 will provide a certain pressure on the blade 3 to assist in fixing the blade 3. The overall shape of the pressure plate 601 is an L-shape flipped 90 degrees, and a notch is formed with the vertical shaft 602. When the pressure plate 601 is lifted, the notch in the middle can be hooked to facilitate force application. The active block 604 is connected to the lower side of the vertical shaft 602. The return spring 603 is sleeved on the lower side of the vertical shaft 602. Both ends of the return spring 603 They are respectively connected to the active block 604 and the inner wall of the knife seat 2. After the blade 3 is installed, the lifting force on the pressure plate 601 is released. At this time, the pressure plate 601 will drop under the action of the reset spring 603, and the front end of the pressure plate 601 will be against the blade 3 to be fixed; the bottom of the end of the pressure plate 601 away from the vertical shaft 602 is made of rubber and is in the shape of a disc, which increases the contact area between the pressure plate 601 and the blade 3. At the same time, the disc at the front end of the pressure plate 601 is located directly above the center of the knife groove 4. When force is applied to the blade 3, the force on the blade 3 can be more uniform, which plays a role in balancing the force and making the fixing effect of the pressure plate 601 better. The surface in contact with the blade 3 is made of rubber material, which can avoid damage to the surface coating of the blade 3 as much as possible when fixing the blade 3. The end of the pressure plate 601 away from the vertical shaft 602 is located directly above the center point of the knife groove 4.

[0043] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5The clamping assembly 7 includes a connecting block 701, a clamping rail 702, a clamping block 703, a connecting plate 704, a thrust spring 705, a pressure spring 706 and a slider 707. The connecting block 701 is connected to the active block 604, the clamping rail 702 is connected to the connecting block 701, one end of the clamping block 703 is connected to the clamping rail 702, the surface of the clamping rail 702 close to the side of the clamping block 703 is an arc surface, and the thickness of the clamping rail 702 is gradually increased from top to bottom. The clamping block 703 is gradually reduced, so the clamping block 703 will move along the surface of the clamping rail 702. At this time, the end of the clamping block 703 away from the clamping rail 702 will be retracted into the knife seat 2, and then the blade 3 is placed in the knife groove 4. After the blade 3 is placed and the pressing block assembly 6 is released, the pressing block assembly 6 will drive the clamping rail 702 to move downward. At this time, the clamping block 703 will move along the surface of the clamping rail 702 in the direction away from the clamping rail 702, so as to be inserted into the blade 3 for fixing. The end in contact with the rail 702 is provided with an arc chamfer, the connecting plate 704 is connected to the two blocks 703, and a gap is provided between the connecting plate 704 and the block 703, the two ends of the thrust spring 705 are respectively connected to the connecting plate 704 and the inner wall of the knife holder 2, and the two ends of the pressure spring 706 are respectively connected between the block 703 and the connecting plate 704. In order to make the fixation of the blade 3 more stable, it is necessary to make the block 703 and the slot 5 close together. Therefore, a slider 707 with an inclined surface is provided on the inner side of the two blocks 703. When the block 703 moves toward the direction of the blade 3 in the early stage, the slider 707 does not contact the knife holder 2, and the friction force of the block 703 moving is small. When the block 703 moves to a specified distance, the slider 707 cooperates with the knife holder 2 to make the two blocks 703 move in a direction away from each other, and finally tightly adhere to the inner wall of the slot 5, effectively ensuring the fixing effect of the block 703 on the blade 3.

[0044] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 6The limiting assembly 8 is connected to the pressing block assembly 6, and the limiting assembly 8 includes a rack 801, a gear 802, a tooth plate 803, a pressure plate 804 and an annular block 805. The rack 801 is connected to the active block 604, the gear 802 is connected to the knife seat 2 and meshes with the rack 801, the tooth plate 803 meshes with the gear 802, the pressure plate 804 is connected to the tooth plate 803, and a plurality of annular blocks 805 are connected to the upper side of the pressure plate 804. Four annular grooves 12 are provided at the bottom of the blade 3, and the annular grooves 12 are distributed at the four corners of the blade 3. The number and shape of the annular blocks 805 are the same as the annular grooves 12, so that the blade 3 is placed on the knife seat 2. After being inserted into the groove 4, the annular block 805 moves up and will be inserted into the annular groove 12 to limit the auxiliary blade 3. Multiple annular blocks 805 are distributed at the four corners of the blade 3. When the blade 3 performs cutting operations, the annular block 805 located inside the blade 3 can provide a certain supporting force and balance the force on the blade 3. Multiple annular blocks 805 are surrounded by a circle, and the center of the circle is located at the center of the knife groove 4. While limiting the blade 3, a certain upward pressure can also be provided to the blade 3, and then cooperate with the pressure plate 601 located above the center of the blade 3 to achieve an effect of applying force in the upper and lower directions at the same time to clamp and fix the blade 3, making the clamping more stable.

[0045] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9The chip blowing assembly 9 is connected to the limit assembly 8 and the clamping assembly 7. An air cavity 13 is provided in the clamping block 703. An air outlet 14 is provided at one end of the air cavity 13 away from the clamping rail 702. A plurality of through grooves 17 are provided in the blade 3. Both ends of the through grooves 17 are connected to the clamping groove 5. The through grooves 17 are processed by drilling, and the plurality of through grooves 17 do not intersect with each other, which can effectively prevent the gases blown out of the plurality of air cavities 13 from impacting each other, thereby reducing the power of the fluid and ensuring the cleaning effect of the gas on the clamping groove 5. A shunt pipe 15 is connected between the two clamping blocks 703 on the same side. The shunt pipe 1 5 is communicated with the air cavity 13 in the block 703, the chip blowing assembly 9 includes an air storage plate 901, an air inlet pipe 902 and a connecting pipe 903, the air storage plate 901 is connected to the tool holder 2 and is located directly below the pressure plate 804, the inner diameter of the air storage plate 901 is the same as the outer diameter of the pressure plate 804, the air inlet pipe 902 is connected to the middle of the air storage plate 901, and a pipe groove 16 is provided on the lower side of the middle of the pressure plate 804, the inner diameter of the pipe groove 16 is the same as the outer diameter of the air inlet pipe 902, when the pressure plate 804 is not pressed into the air storage plate 901, the pipe opening of the air inlet pipe 902 will be communicated with the space in the air storage plate 901 , and then replenish the gas in the gas storage disk 901. At the same time, the space in the gas storage disk 901 will be connected to the outside through the air outlet 14 on the card block 703, so that the internal and external air pressures are balanced, so that the pressure plate 804 will not be affected by the resistance caused by the air pressure when it moves up, which is convenient for the next chip blowing. The two ends of the connecting pipe 903 are respectively connected to the gas storage disk 901 and the shunt pipe 15. When it is necessary to disassemble and replace the blade 3, the pressure plate 804 in the limit assembly 8 will move downward with the annular block 805. The downward movement of the pressure plate 804 will squeeze the gas in the gas storage disk 901 out through the connecting pipe 903, and the connecting pipe 903 is connected to the shunt pipe 15. The connecting pipe 903 is connected to the pipe 15, so the squeezed out gas will pass through the shunt pipe 15 and then flow through the air cavity 13, and finally blow out through the through groove 17 in the blade 3, thereby blowing the debris dropped in the card slot 5 out of the blade 3. The connecting pipe 903 is a hose, which can prevent the shunt pipe 15 from pulling and damaging the connecting pipe 903 when the block 703 moves. The shape of the air cavity 13 is a truncated cone turned ninety degrees, and the diameter of the inside of the air cavity 13 gradually increases in the direction away from the air outlet 14. Therefore, when the gas flows to the air outlet 14, it will be further accelerated, further enhancing the cleaning effect of the card slot 5.

[0046] The specific working principle is as follows: when preparing to install the blade 3, some fixed limiting devices must be retracted into the knife seat 2 first. Specifically, the pressure plate 601 is first lifted up and the active block 604 is driven to move upward through the vertical shaft 602. At this time, the rail 702 connected to the active block 604 moves upward synchronously, and the block 703 moves in the direction of the rail 702 under the action of the thrust spring 705. Therefore, the block 703 moves along the surface of the rail 702, and the thickness of the rail 702 gradually decreases from top to bottom, so the block 703 gradually shrinks into the knife seat 2; at the same time, as the active block 604 moves upward, , the rack 801 on the active block 604 will drive the gear 802 to rotate, thereby driving the toothed plate 803 on the other side to move downward, and the toothed plate 803 is connected to the annular block 805 through the pressure plate 804, so the annular block 805 will also retract into the tool holder 2, and the blade 3 is installed at this time, the chip breaker strip 10 is aligned with the positioning groove 11 of the tool holder 2 and the blade 3 is inserted into the knife groove 4 from above; then the pressure plate 601 is released, and under the action of the reset spring 603, the vertical shaft 602 drives the pressure plate 601 to move downward and press on the upper part of the blade 3, and the active block 604 drives the rail 702 to move downward, so that the block 703 extends The blade holder 2 is taken out and inserted into the slot 5, and the inner sides of the two blocks 703 are provided with a slider 707 with an inclined surface. When the block 703 moves toward the direction of the blade 3 in the early stage, the slider 707 does not contact the knife holder 2, and the friction force of the block 703 moving is small. When the block 703 moves to a specified distance, the slider 707 cooperates with the knife holder 2 to make the two blocks 703 move away from each other, and finally tightly adhere to the inner wall of the slot 5, effectively ensuring the fixing effect of the block 703 on the blade 3. At the same time, the tooth plate 803 drives the annular block 805 to move upward and insert it into the annular groove 12 of the blade 3 , the annular block 805 cooperates with the pressure plate 601 to achieve clamping and fixing; when the cutting operation is completed and the blade 3 needs to be removed or replaced, lifting the pressure plate 601 will drive the clamping block 703 and the annular block 805 out of the range of the blade 3. The principle is the same as above, and when the pressure plate 804 moves down, the pressure plate 804 will squeeze the gas in the gas storage plate 901 out through the connecting pipe 903, and the connecting pipe 903 is connected to the shunt pipe 15. Therefore, the squeezed gas will pass through the shunt pipe 15 and then flow through the air cavity 13, and finally blow out through the through groove 17 in the blade 3, and then blow the debris dropped in the clamping groove 5 out of the blade 3.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite coated PCBN cutting tool, comprising a tool holder (1), a tool seat (2) and a blade (3), wherein the tool seat (2) is connected to the tool holder (1), a tool groove (4) is provided on the tool seat (2), and the blade (3) is arranged in the tool groove (4) and connected to the tool seat (2), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a slot (5), a pressure block assembly (6), a clamping assembly (7), a limit assembly (8) and a chip blowing assembly (9); a plurality of the slots (5) are arranged on the side wall of the blade (3); the two slots (5) on the opposite sides have different heights; the pressure block assembly (6) is connected to the blade seat (2); the clamping assembly (7) is connected to the pressure block assembly (6); the limit assembly (8) is connected to the pressure block assembly (6); the chip blowing assembly (9) is connected to the limit assembly (8) and the clamping assembly (7); when the blade (3) is installed, the pressure block assembly (6) moves upward and drives the blade (3) to move upward; The clamping assembly (7) and the limiting assembly (8) are retracted into the knife seat (2). After the blade (3) is placed in the knife groove (4), the pressing block assembly (6) moves downward, the limiting assembly (8) moves upward from the bottom of the blade (3) and cooperates with the pressing block assembly (6) to clamp the blade (3). The clamping assembly (7) is inserted into the slot (5). When the blade (3) is removed or replaced, the pressing block assembly (6) moves upward and drives the clamping assembly (7) to retract into the knife seat (2). The limiting assembly (8) moves downward and squeezes the gas in the chip blowing assembly (9) into the slot (5).

2. A composite coated PCBN cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four sides of the blade (3) are provided with chip breaking strips (10), the chip breaking strips (10) are located on the upper side of the slot (5), the length of the chip breaking strip (10) is greater than the covering length of the slot (5) located on the same side of the blade (3), and the side wall of the blade groove (4) is provided with a positioning groove (11).

3. The composite coated PCBN cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure block assembly (6) comprises a pressure plate (601), a vertical shaft (602), a return spring (603) and an active block (604); the vertical shaft (602) is slidably connected to the knife seat (2); the pressure plate (601) is connected to the upper side of the vertical shaft (602); the active block (604) is connected to the lower side of the vertical shaft (602); the return spring (603) is sleeved on the lower side of the vertical shaft (602); the two ends of the return spring (603) are respectively connected to the active block (604) and the inner wall of the knife seat (2); the pressure plate (601) is in the shape of an L-shape flipped 90 degrees.

4. The composite coated PCBN cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the end of the pressing plate (601) away from the vertical shaft (602) is made of rubber and is disc-shaped. The end of the pressing plate (601) away from the vertical shaft (602) is located directly above the center point of the knife groove (4).

5. The composite coated PCBN cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (7) comprises a connecting block (701), a clamping rail (702), a clamping block (703), a connecting plate (704), a thrust spring (705), a pressure spring (706) and a sliding block (707); the connecting block (701) is connected to the active block (604); the clamping rail (702) is connected to the connecting block (701); one end of the clamping block (703) is connected to the clamping rail (702); a surface of the clamping rail (702) close to the clamping block (703) is an arc surface; the thickness of the clamping rail (702) gradually decreases from top to bottom; and the clamping block The end of the (703) contacting the rail (702) is provided with an arc chamfer, the connecting plate (704) is connected to the two blocks (703), and a gap is provided between the connecting plate (704) and the block (703), the two ends of the thrust spring (705) are respectively connected to the connecting plate (704) and the inner wall of the knife seat (2), the two ends of the pressure spring (706) are respectively between the block (703) and the connecting plate (704), the slider (707) is connected to the inner side of the two blocks (703), and the side of the slider (707) away from the block (703) is provided with an inclined surface.

6. The composite coated PCBN cutting tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting assembly (8) comprises a rack (801), a gear (802), a toothed plate (803), a pressure plate (804) and an annular block (805); the rack (801) is connected to the active block (604); the gear (802) is connected to the blade seat (2) and meshes with the rack (801); the toothed plate (803) meshes with the gear (802); the pressure plate (804) is connected to the toothed plate (803); a plurality of annular blocks (805) are connected to the upper side of the pressure plate (804); four annular grooves (12) are provided at the bottom of the blade (3); the annular grooves (12) are distributed at the four corners of the blade (3); the number and shape of the annular blocks (805) are the same as those of the annular grooves (12).

7. The composite coated PCBN cutting tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plurality of annular blocks (805) are arranged to form a circle, and the center of the circle is located at the exact center of the knife groove (4).

8. The composite coated PCBN cutting tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The blade (3) is provided with a plurality of through grooves (17), the block (703) is provided with an air cavity (13), an end of the air cavity (13) away from the rail (702) is provided with an air outlet hole (14), a shunt pipe (15) is connected between the two blocks (703) on the same side, the shunt pipe (15) is communicated with the air cavity (13) in the block (703), the chip blowing assembly (9) comprises an air storage plate (901), an air inlet pipe (902) and a connecting pipe (903), the air storage plate (901) It is connected to the knife seat (2) and is located directly below the pressure plate (804). The inner diameter of the air storage plate (901) is the same as the outer diameter of the pressure plate (804). The air intake pipe (902) is connected to the middle of the air storage plate (901). A pipe groove (16) is provided on the lower side of the middle of the pressure plate (804). The inner diameter of the pipe groove (16) is the same as the outer diameter of the air intake pipe (902). The two ends of the connecting pipe (903) are respectively connected to the air storage plate (901) and the diverter pipe (15). The connecting pipe (903) is a hose.

9. The composite coated PCBN cutting tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: Both ends of the through slot (17) are connected to the clamping slot (5), and the plurality of through slots (17) do not intersect with each other.

10. The composite coated PCBN cutting tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The shape of the air cavity (13) is a truncated cone turned 90 degrees, and the diameter inside the air cavity (13) gradually increases in a direction away from the air outlet (14).

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