Self-adaptive adjustment low-voltage power distribution design system for new energy vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile power distribution, and discloses a new energy vehicle self-adaptive adjustment low-voltage power distribution design system, which comprises an intelligent battery system LiBMS, an intelligent power distribution system IPDM and a vehicle control system VCU, and is characterized in that the intelligent battery system LiBMS comprises a lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery cell and a battery processing unit; the intelligent power distribution system IPDM comprises a digital power distribution unit, a high-precision sensor network module and a data processing unit. Compared with the limitation of a traditional power distribution scheme under the extreme operation condition of a vehicle, especially the unstable switching of a power supply loop easily caused under the condition of surge of equipment current, the problem can be effectively prevented, the stability and safety of a low-voltage power distribution system of the whole vehicle can be remarkably improved, stable power supply under various working conditions can be ensured, and the power supply efficiency can be improved. And secondly, the intelligent power supply and distribution system not only realizes visual visualization of operation data, but also endows the system with the capability of dynamically adjusting parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automobile power distribution, and in particular to a low-voltage power distribution design system for adaptive regulation of new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] With the development of automobile electrification and intelligence, the number of electrical components inside the car has increased accordingly. This requires the low-voltage power supply system to maintain a stable and safe working state to ensure the stable operation of various electrical components in the car. With the popularization of automobile electrification, such as BDU (BMS), PDU (all-in-one), VCU (vehicle controller), ABS (brake system), MCU (motor controller), TCU (transmission control system), integrated thermal management system, etc.; any one or more of the power supply systems have problems, which will cause the vehicle to break down immediately and become unable to drive; if such a situation occurs when the vehicle is driving at high speed, it may cause serious traffic accidents. Therefore, the low-voltage power supply system is the core part of the vehicle's electrical system, and its stability and reliability are directly related to the overall performance and safety of the vehicle.

[0003] Traditional low-voltage power supply systems often adopt a fixed distribution mode. The fuses of all power supply circuits are preset in advance through calculation. Once the fuse value is determined, it will not change. It is difficult to adapt to the complex and changeable operating conditions of the vehicle, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency, slow system response, and inability to adaptively adjust. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a low-voltage power supply system that can be adaptively adjusted, efficient and stable; make the low-voltage distribution system more intelligent, stable, and energy-saving, thereby making the entire vehicle more reliable, safe, and intelligent. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a low-voltage power distribution design system with adaptive regulation for new energy vehicles.

[0005] The present invention provides a low-voltage power distribution design system for new energy vehicles with adaptive regulation, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A low-voltage power distribution design system for adaptive regulation of new energy vehicles, comprising an intelligent battery system LiBMS, an intelligent power distribution system IPDM and a vehicle control system VCU, wherein the intelligent battery system LiBMS comprises a lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion battery cell and a battery processing unit, the intelligent power distribution system IPDM comprises a digital power distribution unit, a high-precision sensor network module and a data processing unit, and the vehicle control system VCU comprises a vehicle operation status acquisition module, and the output terminal signal of the vehicle operation status acquisition module is connected to a vehicle operation status monitoring unit;

[0007] The battery processing unit is used to manage, diagnose faults and issue early warnings for the battery; the digital power distribution unit is used to distribute and manage the low-voltage system power supply of the entire vehicle; the high-precision sensor network module is used to cover the low-voltage power distribution network of the entire vehicle; the data processing unit is used for data acquisition and processing and the issuance of execution instructions; the vehicle control system VCU is used for vehicle data acquisition, uploading and supervision.

[0008] Preferably, the battery processing unit includes a battery management module and an integrated fault diagnosis module. The battery management module is used to monitor the voltage, current, temperature, and vehicle operation data of the battery pack and adjust the charging and discharging strategy according to the status information. The integrated fault diagnosis module integrates the fault data to determine the fault level.

[0009] Preferably, the output signal of the integrated fault diagnosis module is connected to an early warning module, and the early warning module is signal-connected to the vehicle control system VCU. After the fault diagnosis module determines that the fault level has reached a level requiring early warning, the early warning module immediately sends an alarm to the vehicle control system VCU.

[0010] Preferably, the digital power distribution unit includes a power management chip module and a high-side MOS chip module, and the power management chip module and the high-side MOS chip module work together to distribute and manage the power supply of the low-voltage system of the entire vehicle.

[0011] Preferably, the high-precision sensor network module is used for real-time collection of data such as voltage, current, temperature, etc. of each electrical equipment, and the data processing unit includes a data processing module, and the output signal of the data processing module is connected to an intelligent adjustment module and an adaptive adjustment module.

[0012] Preferably, the data processing module has data processing and uploading capabilities, and uploads the collected data to the vehicle control system through the vehicle's internal network to provide a basis for intelligent decision-making.

[0013] Preferably, the intelligent adjustment module is used to intelligently adjust the power distribution of each electrical device to achieve power supply on demand and avoid energy waste.

[0014] Preferably, the adaptive adjustment module adaptively adjusts and controls the single-channel power distribution parameters according to the operating conditions of the entire vehicle and the upper limit of the hardware tolerance to ensure the reliability of the power supply system.

[0015] Preferably, the vehicle operation status acquisition module collects the vehicle's speed, acceleration, braking status, and ambient temperature parameters, and uses them to comprehensively analyze the vehicle's current operating conditions.

[0016] Preferably, the vehicle operation status monitoring unit includes a calculation module and a strategy adjustment module. The calculation module uses an algorithm model to calculate in real time and issue power distribution instructions to the intelligent power distribution system IPDM according to the vehicle operation conditions and the data uploaded by the intelligent power distribution system. The strategy adjustment module continuously optimizes the power distribution strategy, improves the system's adaptability and response speed, and monitors the overall operation status of the low-voltage power supply system. Once an abnormality is found, the emergency protection mechanism is immediately activated to ensure vehicle safety.

[0017] In summary, the present invention includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] 1. A low-voltage power distribution design system with adaptive adjustment for new energy vehicles has limitations compared to traditional power distribution solutions when facing extreme vehicle operating conditions. In particular, when the equipment current surges, it is easy to cause unstable switching of the power supply circuit. The present invention can effectively prevent such problems and significantly improve the stability and safety of the vehicle's low-voltage power distribution system, ensuring stable power supply under various working conditions. Secondly, this intelligent power supply and distribution system not only realizes intuitive visualization of operating data, but also gives the system the ability to dynamically adjust parameters.

[0019] 2. A low-voltage power distribution design system with adaptive adjustment for new energy vehicles. Through software control, the system can intelligently learn vehicle operation data and automatically optimize low-voltage power supply and distribution parameters according to real-time conditions, so that the vehicle can continuously evolve during use and become safer and smarter.

[0020] 3. A low-voltage power distribution design system with adaptive adjustment for new energy vehicles has advanced fault warning function, which can actively monitor and upload abnormal data to the background. The background uses advanced fault pre-diagnosis algorithms to conduct in-depth analysis of these data and build a health model of the equipment, thereby realizing early prediction of potential faults. This mechanism greatly improves the fault response speed and reduces the risks and losses caused by faults. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a flow chart for the implementation of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a system structure diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the intelligent battery system LiBMS in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the intelligent power distribution system IPDM in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the vehicle control system VCU in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of a battery processing unit in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the digital power distribution unit in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 is a structural diagram of a data processing unit in the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of the vehicle running status monitoring unit in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following is combined with Figure 1-9 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0031] The present invention discloses a low-voltage power distribution design system for adaptive regulation of new energy vehicles. Figure 1-9 , a low-voltage power distribution design system for adaptive regulation of new energy vehicles, including an intelligent battery system LiBMS, an intelligent power distribution system IPDM and a vehicle control system VCU, wherein the intelligent battery system LiBMS includes a lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion battery cell and a battery processing unit, the intelligent power distribution system IPDM includes a digital power distribution unit, a high-precision sensor network module and a data processing unit, and the vehicle control system VCU includes a vehicle running state acquisition module, and the output end signal of the vehicle running state acquisition module is connected to a vehicle running state monitoring unit;

[0032] The battery processing unit is used to manage, diagnose faults and issue early warnings for the battery; the digital power distribution unit is used to distribute and manage the low-voltage system power supply of the entire vehicle; the high-precision sensor network module is used to cover the low-voltage power distribution network of the entire vehicle; the data processing unit is used for data acquisition and processing and the issuance of execution instructions; the vehicle control system VCU is used for vehicle data acquisition, uploading and supervision.

[0033] The battery processing unit includes a battery management module and an integrated fault diagnosis module. The battery management module is used to monitor various key parameters of the battery pack and adjust the charging and discharging strategies according to the status information. The integrated fault diagnosis module integrates the fault data to determine the fault level. The output signal of the integrated fault diagnosis module is connected to the early warning module, and the early warning module is connected to the vehicle control system VCU signal. After the fault diagnosis module determines that the fault level has reached the level requiring early warning, the early warning module immediately sends an alarm to the vehicle control system VCU.

[0034] The digital power distribution unit includes a power management chip module and a high-side MOS chip module. The power management chip module and the high-side MOS chip module work together to distribute and manage the power supply of the low-voltage system of the whole vehicle. The high-precision sensor network module is used for real-time collection of data such as voltage, current, temperature, etc. of each electrical equipment. The data processing unit includes a data processing module. The output signal of the data processing module is connected to an intelligent adjustment module and an adaptive adjustment module. The data processing module has data processing and uploading capabilities, and uploads the collected data to the whole vehicle control system through the internal network of the vehicle to provide a basis for intelligent decision-making. The intelligent adjustment module is used to intelligently adjust the power distribution of each electrical equipment to realize power supply on demand and avoid energy waste. The adaptive adjustment module adaptively adjusts and controls the single-channel power distribution parameters according to the operating status of the whole vehicle and the upper limit of the hardware to ensure the reliability of the power supply system.

[0035] The vehicle operation status acquisition module collects the vehicle's speed, acceleration, braking status, and ambient temperature parameters, and uses them to comprehensively analyze the vehicle's current operating conditions. The vehicle operation status monitoring unit includes a calculation module and a strategy adjustment module. The calculation module uses an algorithm model to calculate in real time and issue power distribution instructions to the intelligent power distribution system IPDM based on the vehicle's operating conditions and the data uploaded by the intelligent power distribution system. The strategy adjustment module continuously optimizes the power distribution strategy, improves the system's adaptability and response speed, and monitors the overall operating status of the low-voltage power supply system. Once an abnormality is found, the emergency protection mechanism is immediately activated to ensure vehicle safety.

[0036] In the actual implementation process, the rated voltage of the lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion battery cell is 25.6V. First, the parameters of each current output channel need to be set. Here, taking the low-voltage power supply channel of the vehicle control system VCU as an example, the rated working current, starting current, and maximum continuous working current of the MCU are calculated and measured on the actual vehicle; taking a certain vehicle model as an example, the measured rated working current of the MCU is 3.5A, the starting peak current is 7.5A (duration 100ms), and the maximum continuous working current is 5A. The intelligent power distribution system IPDM sets the default current value of the MCU power supply channel to 10A, the protection time is 200ms (current>10A, the power output is cut off after 200ms), and the wire diameter is selected as 1.5mm 2 Multiple strands of copper wire, and then set dynamic adaptive parameters according to the importance of each channel load and hardware characteristics;

[0037] In specific operations, dynamic adaptive parameters are set according to the importance of each channel load and hardware characteristics. Here, the MCU, an electrical device that can affect the driving of the entire vehicle, is taken as an example. Its normal operating parameters can be obtained through the test bench and vehicle operation data. However, after the MCU has been running for a long time, due to hardware aging, its rated current and peak current may increase, and the discreteness is very high. At this time, the protection parameters cannot be set according to the normal current. At this time, the VCU will dynamically adjust the protection strategy of the MCU current channel according to the vehicle's operating status; for example, when the vehicle is stationary or driving at a low speed (vehicle speed <15km / h), the original protection strategy remains unchanged; when 15km / h≤vehicle speed≤60km / h, the VCU will send instructions to the IPDM to start a new protection strategy, as follows:

[0038] ①. When 10A<MCU current≤12A, the power output will be cut off after 120s; if the shutdown time is not reached within 120s, a first-level alarm will be sent to the vehicle CAN network to indicate that the current power channel is overcurrent;

[0039] ②. When 12A<MCU current≤15A, the power output will be cut off after 10s; if the 10s shutdown time is not reached, a first-level alarm will be sent to the vehicle CAN network to indicate that the current power channel is overcurrent;

[0040] ③. When 15A<MCU current≤20A, the power output will be cut off after 3s; if the 3S shutdown time is not reached, a secondary alarm will be sent to the vehicle CAN network, indicating that the current power channel current is seriously overcurrent, please check;

[0041] ④. When the MCU current is greater than 20A, the power output will be cut off after 400ms; a level 3 alarm (the highest level alarm) will be sent to the vehicle CAN network, indicating that the current power channel is disconnected due to overcurrent, please stop the vehicle for inspection.

[0042] When the vehicle speed is greater than 60km / h, the system assumes that the vehicle is in high-speed driving state. At this time, driving safety is prioritized. At the same time, considering the size of the MCU power channel wire diameter, the current upper limit of the channel is dynamically adjusted to 30A, and the protection time is 400ms; when the current is within 30A, it will be protected according to the temperature value of the channel. The temperature protection upper limit is 135℃. When it exceeds 105℃, the system alarm prompts that the current channel is overcurrent, please stop and check; when it exceeds 135℃, the power output of the channel is cut off;

[0043] Finally, in some dangerous working conditions, in order to ensure the normal driving of the vehicle, the power supply of some non-main electrical appliances can be dynamically cut off; for example, for a vehicle equipped with a low-voltage emergency steering oil pump, when the vehicle is running at high speed, if the high voltage suddenly loses power at this time, the steering system power supply will be provided entirely by the low-voltage system. At this time, in order to ensure the normal steering of the whole vehicle at high speed, the whole vehicle control system VCU will send a command to IPDM to shut down all non-main channels such as the high beam, ATS fan, front and rear fog lights, etc., to ensure the normal operation of the steering oil pump and ensure that the whole vehicle turns to the side of the road and stops within 2 minutes. However, the current operating parameters of some electrical appliances will change under some complex working conditions. For example, in some high temperature or cold environments, the current of electrical appliances will increase significantly. If the whole vehicle control system VCU detects that the device has been running in the high current range for a long time, it will also dynamically adjust the protection current and protection strategy of the channel according to the actual vehicle operation status to ensure driving safety.

[0044] For power supply and distribution, for example, the normal fuse is set to a 10A channel. Under special working conditions, the maximum current can be dynamically adjusted to 25A, the duration is controllable, and the wire diameter can be set to 1.5mm 2 , ensuring that the entire power supply circuit is safe under extreme working conditions; and each power supply channel has an over-temperature protection function. Even if the current is abnormal and causes the wiring harness or connector to heat up, the channel will actively protect itself to avoid fire.

[0045] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-voltage power distribution design system for new energy vehicles with adaptive regulation, including an intelligent battery system LiBMS, an intelligent power distribution system IPDM and a vehicle control system VCU, characterized in that: The intelligent battery system LiBMS includes a lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion battery cell and a battery processing unit, the intelligent power distribution system IPDM includes a digital power distribution unit, a high-precision sensor network module and a data processing unit, and the vehicle control system VCU includes a vehicle operation status acquisition module, and the output end signal of the vehicle operation status acquisition module is connected to the vehicle operation status monitoring unit; The battery processing unit is used to manage, diagnose faults and issue early warnings for the battery; the digital power distribution unit is used to distribute and manage the low-voltage system power supply of the entire vehicle; the high-precision sensor network module is used to cover the low-voltage power distribution network of the entire vehicle; the data processing unit is used for data acquisition and processing and the issuance of execution instructions; the vehicle control system VCU is used for vehicle data acquisition, uploading and supervision.

2. According to claim 1, a low-voltage power distribution design system for adaptive regulation of new energy vehicles is characterized by: The battery processing unit includes a battery management module and an integrated fault diagnosis module. The battery management module is used to monitor various key parameters of the battery pack and adjust the charging and discharging strategy according to the status information. The integrated fault diagnosis module integrates the fault data to determine the fault level.

3. According to claim 2, a low-voltage power distribution design system for adaptive regulation of new energy vehicles is characterized by: The output signal of the integrated fault diagnosis module is connected to the early warning module, and the early warning module is connected to the vehicle control system VCU signal. After the fault diagnosis module determines that the fault level has reached the level requiring early warning, the early warning module immediately sends an alarm to the vehicle control system VCU.

4. The low-voltage power distribution design system for new energy vehicles with adaptive regulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The digital power distribution unit includes a power management chip module and a high-side MOS chip module, which work together to distribute and manage the power supply of the low-voltage system of the entire vehicle.

5. The low-voltage power distribution design system for adaptive regulation of new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-precision sensor network module is used for real-time collection of data such as voltage, current, temperature, etc. of each electrical equipment. The data processing unit includes a data processing module, and the output signal of the data processing module is connected to an intelligent adjustment module and an adaptive adjustment module.

6. A low-voltage power distribution design system for adaptive regulation of new energy vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The data processing module has the ability to process and upload data, and uploads the collected data to the vehicle control system through the vehicle's internal network, providing a basis for intelligent decision-making.

7. A low-voltage power distribution design system for adaptive regulation of new energy vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intelligent adjustment module is used to intelligently adjust the power distribution of each electrical device to achieve power supply on demand and avoid energy waste.

8. According to claim 5, a low-voltage power distribution design system for new energy vehicles with adaptive regulation is characterized in that: The adaptive adjustment module adaptively adjusts and controls the single-channel power distribution parameters according to the vehicle operating conditions and the upper limit of the hardware tolerance to ensure the reliability of the power supply system.

9. The low-voltage power distribution design system for new energy vehicles with adaptive regulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vehicle operation status acquisition module collects the vehicle's speed, acceleration, braking status, and ambient temperature parameters, and uses them to comprehensively analyze the vehicle's current operating conditions.

10. The low-voltage power distribution design system for new energy vehicles with adaptive regulation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vehicle operation status monitoring unit includes a calculation module and a strategy adjustment module. The calculation module uses an algorithm model to calculate in real time and issue power distribution instructions to the intelligent power distribution system IPDM according to the vehicle operation conditions and the data uploaded by the intelligent power distribution system. The strategy adjustment module continuously optimizes the power distribution strategy, improves the system's adaptability and response speed, and monitors the overall operation status of the low-voltage power supply system. Once an abnormality is found, the emergency protection mechanism is immediately activated to ensure vehicle safety.

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