Method for achieving + / -90-degree steering of wheels
By designing a rotary assembly device, the wheel steering is achieved up to ±90 degrees, which solves the problem of inconvenience in traditional cars in narrow spaces, improves the steering flexibility and comfort of the vehicle, and is suitable for traditional and new energy vehicles.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411703687.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
AI Technical Summary
The limited steering angle of traditional cars is caused by inconvenience in steering and parking in narrow spaces, making it difficult to achieve large-angle steering or turn around in place.
A rotating assembly device is designed, by setting up components such as external rotary pipe, internal rotary pipe, transmission sleeve, steering wheel, etc., the wheel steering reaches ±90 degrees, eliminating the limitations of the cross bridge on wheel steering, and enhancing the steering flexibility of the vehicle and Comfort.
The vehicle is realized with flexible steering and turning around in place in a narrow space, improving the driving experience, and enhancing the comfort and passability of the vehicle by reducing the quality of the chassis.
Smart Images
Figure CN119283966A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle steering system and chassis, and specifically relates to a method for realizing wheel steering of ±90 degrees. Background Art
[0002] With the development of automobile technology and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the number of cars is increasing rapidly. However, with the massive increase in cars, parking lots and roads in various cities have become crowded. At present, the steering angle of most traditional cars is not large, usually not exceeding ±36 degrees. In order to make the passengers more comfortable, the car body is often longer and wider, resulting in a larger turning radius. When the car turns to park in a narrow downtown area or parking lot, the steering of the car is relatively restricted, which brings many inconveniences to the driver in turning and parking in a narrow space.
[0003] In summary, it is urgent to design a vehicle with a simple and reliable structure that can turn at a large angle or turn around on the spot and go sideways. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to overcome the problems of the above-mentioned prior art in turning and parking in narrow spaces, the present invention provides a device for realizing wheel steering of ±90 degrees. By setting a rotating assembly similar to a cylinder, the steering angle is enlarged, and the vehicle can turn at a large angle or turn around on the spot and go sideways. At the same time, the vehicle chassis has no differential, cross bridge, tie rod, or swing arm, which reduces the cross-under mass and indirectly improves the chassis, thereby enhancing the vehicle's comfort and passability.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] The rotary assembly of the present invention comprises an outer rotating tube, an inner rotating tube, a round shaft, a nut, an upper support plate, a middle support plate, a lower support plate, a support arm, an axle cross beam, a wheel axle, a sliding rod, a sliding tube, a steering wheel, a spring, a damper, a motor, a transmission sleeve, a transmission shaft, an angle gear, a basin gear, a brake, a ball shell, a wheel, a linkage wheel and a gear.
[0007] The rotating assembly rotates relative to the fixed axle column tube and the anti-tilt plate; the fixed axle column tube and the anti-tilt plate are both fixed to the frame, a transmission sleeve and a transmission shaft combination are arranged in the rotating assembly, the transmission sleeve is respectively fixed to the upper support plate and the middle support plate of the rotating assembly through bearings, and passes through the circular hole reserved in the lower support plate and can rotate freely, the upper end of the transmission shaft extends into the transmission sleeve and is meshed by splines, rotates together, and can slide relative to the axial direction, the lower end is ball-jointed to the axle crossbeam, the axle crossbeam is transversely fixed to the wheel axle, the wheel is connected to the wheel axle through bearings, the angular teeth are fixed to the transmission shaft, the basin teeth are fixed to the wheel, the angular teeth are meshed with the basin teeth, the lower end of the support arm is fixed to the axle crossbeam, and the upper end of the support arm is fixed under the lower support plate; The power (in the internal combustion engine mode, first through the differential output rod, linkage wheel, gear; in the wheel motor mode, directly) drives the transmission sleeve transmission shaft combination, the basin angle gear combination, and the (drum brake pot cover) wheel hub, and then drives the wheel to rotate; the steering wheel in the rotating combination is the outer circumference of the rotating combination, and is provided with gear teeth. The gear teeth are the steering interface, and are finally linked with the steering wheel through a series of gears, etc., so that the steering wheel controls the steering of the rotating combination and the wheel; the steering wheel of the rotating combination is also provided with sprockets, and the two rotating combinations and wheels on the same steering shaft are meshed with the two steering wheel sprockets by a closed steering chain to achieve synchronous steering; or the synchronous steering of the two wheels is completed in the steering system.
[0008] The specific positions and connection relationships of the outer rotating tube, inner rotating tube, upper support plate, middle support plate, sliding rod, sliding tube, steering wheel, round shaft, nut and lower support plate of the rotating assembly are as follows:
[0009] The outer rotating tube is tubular, the inner wall of the outer rotating tube is closely attached to the outer wall of the fixed shaft column tube, the upper end of the outer rotating tube is free, the lower end is vertically fixed to the middle support plate, and the middle part passes through the upper support plate and is fixedly connected to the upper support plate;
[0010] The inner rotating tube is tubular, the outer wall of the inner rotating tube is close to the inner wall of the fixed shaft column tube, the upper end is free, the lower end is vertically fixed to the middle support plate, and the middle part passes through the upper support plate;
[0011] A circular hole is opened in the center of the upper support plate, the diameter of the circular hole corresponds to the outer diameter of the outer rotating tube, and the edge of the hole is fixed to the outer wall of the outer rotating tube; a middle circular hole is opened on the edge of the upper support plate, a bearing is arranged on the middle circular hole, and the transmission sleeve passes through the bearing and is movably connected to the upper support plate;
[0012] A circular hole is opened in the center of the middle support plate, and the diameter of the circular hole is large enough to allow a round shaft to pass through. The bottom ends of the fixed shaft column tube, the inner rotating tube and the outer rotating tube are all on the edge of the circular hole of the middle support plate, and the bottom ends of the outer rotating tube and the inner rotating tube are in contact with the middle support plate and fixed vertically; a U-groove is formed on the cross-section of the outer rotating tube, the middle support plate and the inner rotating tube, which just clamps and supports the fixed shaft column tube; the outer rotating tube, the middle support plate and the inner rotating tube can rotate freely relative to the fixed shaft column tube; the bottom end of the fixed shaft column tube is supported by the middle support plate through a ball bearing; a central circular hole corresponding to the upper and lower parts of the upper support plate is opened on the edge of the middle support plate, and a bearing is arranged on the central circular hole, and the transmission sleeve passes through the bearing and is movably connected to the middle support plate; a plurality of small holes are arranged on the edges of the upper support plate and the middle support plate;
[0013] The steering wheel is cylindrical, and its outer diameter is the same as that of the upper and middle support plates. The steering wheel is sleeved between the upper and middle support plates. The steering wheel is divided into four parts: gear teeth, chain teeth, circular rings, and clamping protrusions. The clamping protrusions are located on the upper part of the circular rings.
[0014] The sliding tube is arranged on the steering wheel, and is fixedly connected to the edges of the small holes of the upper support plate and the middle support plate; the sliding tube is a hollow round tube, and a sliding rod is sleeved inside the hollow round tube of the sliding tube;
[0015] The upper end of the sliding rod is free, and the lower end is fixed on the lower support plate; the sliding rod and the sliding tube slide freely relative to each other along the axial direction;
[0016] The round shaft is tubular, close to the inner wall of the inner rotating tube, with the upper end free, and an axial threaded hole in the center of the upper end. The nut is screwed into the threaded hole. The round shaft passes through the upper support plate and the middle support plate, and the lower end is fixed to the lower support plate. The round shaft rotates around the central vertical axis of the fixed shaft column tube, and can also slide relatively along the axial direction of the inner rotating tube.
[0017] The nut is screwed into the threaded hole of the round shaft. The diameter of the nut head is larger than the inner diameter of the inner rotating tube but smaller than the outer diameter of the inner rotating tube. It can be blocked by the upper end of the inner rotating tube, thereby limiting the maximum amplitude of the wheel bump and preventing the round shaft from moving too much downward or falling off.
[0018] The lower support plate is fixedly connected to the sliding rod; a central round hole is opened at a position relative to the middle support plate, and the central round hole allows the transmission sleeve to flexibly pass through and rotate freely; the lower side of the lower support plate is fixed to the upper ends of the two support arms, and the lower ends of the support arms are fixed to the axle crossbeam, and the axle crossbeam is laterally provided with a wheel axle, and the wheel is flexibly connected to the wheel axle through a bearing; a basin tooth is fixed on the wheel, and the basin tooth is meshed with the angular tooth, and the angular tooth is fixed on the transmission shaft, and the upper end of the transmission shaft extends into the transmission sleeve and meshes with the transmission sleeve, rotates together, and can also slide relatively in the axial direction.
[0019] The two rotating bodies on the same steering shaft rotate synchronously and are driven by a steering chain, and the steering chain connects the sprockets of different rotating bodies on both sides of the same axle; the sprockets are arranged on the steering wheel.
[0020] The wheels are driven to rotate by the transmission shaft in the following specific manner: the transmission shaft is spherically jointed with the shaft crossbeam through a spherical shell, an angular tooth is provided on the transmission shaft, a basin tooth is fixedly connected to the wheel, and the angular tooth meshes with the basin tooth to drive the wheel to rotate.
[0021] The rotating assembly is also provided with a shock absorbing system, which includes a spring and a damper, and elastically connects the upper and lower parts of the rotating assembly. The spring is arranged between the upper support plate and the lower support plate, and passes through the round hole reserved in the middle support plate; the lower end of the damper is fixed to the shaft cross beam, and the piston rod of the damper passes through the round holes reserved in the lower support plate and the middle support plate, and there is a gap between the lower support plate and the middle support plate, and the upper end of the piston rod is fixed to the upper support plate.
[0022] A latch is provided on the upper part of the circular ring of the steering wheel, and two groups of buckles related to the latch are provided on the anti-tilt plate, one group is a fixed buckle, and the other group is a controlled movable buckle. By blocking the latch, the entire rotating assembly is rotated within two angle ranges respectively. The movable buckle has two states: locked and opened. When locked, the rotating assembly and the wheel are turned within ±36 degrees (normal driving mode); when opened, the rotating assembly and the wheel can be turned within ±90 degrees allowed by the fixed buckle (U-turn side parking mode). The fixed buckle and the movable buckle cooperate to achieve the switching of the steering within the normal driving steering range and the ±90 degree range.
[0023] The lower part of the steering wheel ring is just covered by the anti-tilt plate, but can rotate freely.
[0024] A vehicle designed and manufactured according to a method for achieving wheel steering of ±90 degrees, with brakes on the wheels, and its driving mode can be divided into the following two types:
[0025] When the motor is used for driving: the motor is fixedly connected to the upper support plate of the rotating assembly; the motor output shaft extends into the transmission sleeve to engage and directly drive the transmission sleeve to rotate, thereby driving the wheels to travel;
[0026] When driven by an internal combustion engine: a gear is provided on the upper part of the transmission sleeve, the gear meshes with the linkage wheel, the upper end of the linkage wheel is a basin tooth, the basin tooth on the linkage wheel meshes with the angle tooth on the differential output rod; the linkage wheel is sleeved on the outer rotating tube on the upper support plate, and can rotate freely relative to the outer rotating tube. The power drives the transmission sleeve to rotate through the differential output shaft, linkage wheel, and gear, and then drives the wheels to travel.
[0027] The beneficial effects obtained by the present invention are:
[0028] The vehicle designed and manufactured according to the method of realizing wheel steering of ±90 degrees, if the device realizing wheel steering of ±90 degrees is only installed on the front two wheels of the vehicle, the vehicle can almost achieve the effect of turning around on the spot, and it is also very convenient to park sideways. If the device is installed on all four wheels at the same time (the vehicle needs to have two sets of steering systems), the vehicle can realize turning around on the spot and driving sideways, which is very convenient for turning around and parking sideways.
[0029] The device designed by the method of the present invention to achieve wheel steering of ±90 degrees has an ingenious structure. The horizontal power transmission is changed to vertical transmission, and then changed to horizontal transmission at the wheel, eliminating the steering restriction of the wheel by the cross bridge, so that the wheel steering is expanded to 360 degrees, and the vertical axis of the wheel center is used as the rotation axis; at the same time, the wheel steering is limited to two rotation ranges (±36° and ±90°) by designing a combination of latches and buckles to ensure the safety of the vehicle in different driving modes (normal driving mode, U-turn side parking mode). The device that achieves wheel steering of ±90 degrees allows the wheel to turn widely without affecting the power. It is suitable for use in traditional vehicles (internal combustion engines) and more suitable for use in new energy vehicles (motors). It has a wide steering range (up to ±90°), so that the vehicle can obtain a better driving experience even in a narrow space.
[0030] The vehicle is designed and manufactured based on the method of achieving wheel steering of ±90 degrees. The vehicle chassis has no differential or cross bridge, which reduces the cross-body mass and indirectly improves the chassis, thereby enhancing the vehicle's comfort and passability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] Figure 1 The device designed for the present invention is applied to the left front wheel in the right rear side view of the wheel motor drive mode.
[0032] Figure 2 The device designed for the present invention is applied to the left front wheel right rear side view of the internal combustion engine driving mode.
[0033] In the figure: fixed shaft column tube 1, anti-tilt plate 2, fixed stop buckle 2a, movable stop buckle 2b, outer rotating tube 3, inner rotating tube 4, round shaft 5, nut 6, upper support plate 7, middle support plate 8, lower support plate 9, support arm 10, shaft cross beam 11, wheel shaft 12, sliding rod 13, sliding tube 14, steering wheel 15, gear teeth 15a, chain teeth 15b, ring 15c, clamping protrusion 15d, steering chain 16, spring 17, damper 18, motor 19, transmission sleeve 20, transmission shaft 21, angle teeth 22, basin teeth 23, brake 24, ball shell 25, wheel 26, differential output rod 27, linkage wheel 28, gear 29. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] The device designed by the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the device designed by the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, which can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium (such as a bearing), and can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.
[0035] The device designed in the present invention mainly includes a fixed shaft column tube 1, an anti-tilt plate 2, a fixed stop buckle 2a, a movable stop buckle 2b, an outer rotating tube 3, an inner rotating tube 4, a round shaft 5, a nut 6, an upper support plate 7, a middle support plate 8, a lower support plate 9, a support arm 10, an axle cross beam 11, a wheel axle 12, a sliding rod 13, a sliding tube 14, a steering wheel 15, a gear 15a, a chain tooth 15b, a ring 15c, a latch 15d, a steering chain 16, a spring 17, a damper 18, a motor 19, a transmission sleeve 20, a transmission shaft 21, an angle tooth 22, a basin tooth 23, a brake 24, a ball shell 25, a wheel 26, a differential output rod 27, a linkage wheel 28, and a gear 29.
[0036] In the figure, except for the fixed shaft column tube 1, the anti-tilt plate 2, the fixed stop buckle 2a, the movable stop buckle 2b, the steering chain 16, and the differential output rod 27, the remaining components are collectively referred to as a rotating assembly. The entire rotating assembly can rotate relative to the fixed shaft column tube 1 and the anti-tilt plate 2, and can rotate 360 degrees around the central vertical axis. The outer rotating tube 3, the inner rotating tube 4, the upper support plate 7, the middle support plate 8, the sliding tube 14, the steering wheel 15, the gear 15a, the sprocket 15b, the ring 15c, the card protrusion 15d, the motor 19, the transmission sleeve 20, the linkage wheel 28, and the gear 29 are called the upper part of the rotating combination. The round shaft 5, the nut 6, the lower support plate 9, the support arm 10, the shaft beam 11, the wheel shaft 12, the sliding rod 13, the transmission shaft 21, the angle tooth 22, the basin tooth 23, the brake 24, the ball shell 25, and the wheel 26 are called the lower part of the rotating combination. The spring 17 and the damper 18 are located between the upper and lower parts of the rotating combination to play a shock-absorbing role so that the upper and lower parts of the rotating combination can move up and down relatively. The steering wheel 15 is sleeved on the outer circumference between the upper support plate 7 and the middle support plate 8. The upper part of the steering wheel 15 is fixed to the upper support plate 7, and the lower part is fixed to the middle support plate 8. For the viewing effect, the anti-tilt plate 2, the sliding tube 14, the steering wheel 15, and the steering chain 16 are horizontally moved together when drawing.
[0037] 1. Wheel Motor Mode
[0038] A. The fixed axle column tube 1 is tubular and is a vehicle gravity support column. The upper end is fixed to the vehicle body frame, passes through the upper support plate 7, and the lower end directly reaches the middle support plate 8. It is supported by the middle support plate 8 through supporting balls and can rotate relatively. The outer side of the tube is adjacent to the outer rotating tube 3, and the inner side is adjacent to the inner rotating tube 4.
[0039] B. The outer rotating tube 3 is tubular and closely attached to the outer wall of the fixed shaft column tube 1. The upper end of the outer rotating tube 3 is free and passes through the upper support plate 7. The outer wall is fixed to the upper support plate 7, and the lower end is vertically fixed to the middle support plate 8. They can rotate together with the central vertical axis of the fixed shaft column tube 1.
[0040] C. The inner rotating tube 4 is tubular and closely attached to the inner wall of the fixed shaft column tube 1. The upper end is free and passes through the upper support plate 7. The lower end is vertically fixed to the middle support plate 8 and can rotate together with the central vertical axis of the fixed shaft column tube 1.
[0041] D. The round shaft 5 is tubular and close to the inner wall of the inner rotating tube 4. The upper end is free and there is an axial threaded hole in the center of the upper end. The nut 6 is screwed into the hole. The round shaft 5 passes through the upper support plate 7 and the middle support plate 8. The lower end is fixed to the lower support plate 9 and can rotate together with the central vertical axis of the fixed shaft column tube 1. In addition to rotating, the round shaft 5 can also slide relatively axially in the inner rotating tube 4 as the wheel 26 bumps.
[0042] E. Nut 6 is screwed into the threaded hole of the inner rotating tube 4. The diameter of the nut head is larger than the inner diameter of the inner rotating tube 4 but smaller than the outer diameter of the inner rotating tube 4. It can be blocked by the upper end of the inner rotating tube 4, thereby controlling the maximum amplitude of the wheel 26 and preventing the round shaft 5 from moving too much downward or falling off.
[0043] F. The upper support plate 7 is circular with a circular hole in the center. The diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the outer rotating tube 3, allowing the fixed shaft column tube 1, the inner rotating tube 4, the outer rotating tube 3, and the round shaft 5 to pass through. The edge of the hole is fixed to the outer wall of the outer rotating tube 3; a middle circular hole is also opened on the edge (right side) of the upper support plate 7, suitable for the transmission sleeve 20 to pass through and be fixed by a bearing. The transmission sleeve 20 can rotate relatively, and then (six) small circular holes are opened near the circular edge of the upper support plate 7, suitable for the sliding tube 14 to pass through and be fixed.
[0044] G. The middle support plate 8 is circular with a circular hole in the center. The diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the circular shaft 5 to allow the circular shaft 5 to pass through. The bottom ends of the fixed shaft column tube 1, the inner rotating tube 4 and the outer rotating tube 3 all reach the support plate at the edge of the circular hole. The bottom ends of the outer rotating tube 3 and the inner rotating tube 4 are in contact with the support plate and fixed vertically. A U-groove is formed on the cross-sectional view of the outer rotating tube 3, the middle support plate 8 and the inner rotating tube 4, which just clamps and supports the fixed shaft column tube 1. Although there is contact, it can rotate relatively freely under the action of lubricating oil; the bottom end of the fixed shaft column tube 1 is supported by the middle support plate 8 through balls, and the middle support plate 8 bears the gravity here and transmits it to the lower support plate 9 through the steering wheel 15, the upper support plate 7 and the spring 17. The middle support plate 8 is also provided with (six) small circular holes corresponding to the upper support plate 7, and the bottom edges of the (six) sliding tubes 14 are fixed to the edges of the (six) small circular holes of the middle support plate 8; a middle circular hole corresponding to the upper support plate 7 is also provided on the edge (right side) of the middle support plate 8, which is suitable for the transmission sleeve 20 to pass through and is fixed by a bearing, so that the transmission sleeve 20 can rotate relatively, and four extra-large circular holes (suitable for the spring 17 to pass through) and two small circular holes (suitable for the piston rod of the damper 18 to pass through) are also provided, with a certain gap between the objects passed through and no contact.
[0045] H. Lower support plate 9, round in the upper part and square in the lower part, with the bottom end of the round shaft 5 fixed in the center; the bottom end of the sliding rod 13 fixed to the edge; two small round holes corresponding to the middle support plate 8 are opened near the corners (suitable for the piston rod of the damper 18 to pass through); a middle round hole corresponding to the upper support plate 7 and the middle support plate 8 is also opened on the edge (right side, between the corners), allowing the transmission sleeve 20 to pass through flexibly and rotate freely; the corners are fixed to the two support arms 10 below. The lower ends of the four springs 17 are fixed on the lower support plate 9, and the lower support plate 9 receives the gravity transmitted by the springs 17, and then transmits it to the axle crossbeam 11, the wheel axle 12, and the wheel 26 through the support arms 10.
[0046] I. The upper end of the support arm 10 is fixed to the lower support plate 9, and the lower end is fixed to the axle cross beam 11. The entire support arm 10 plays a role in supporting gravity.
[0047] J. The axle cross beam 11 is fixed integrally with one end of the wheel axle 12, and carries the support arm 10, the damper 18, and the transmission shaft 21. The lower ends of the support arm 10 and the damper 18 are fixed to the axle cross beam 11, and the transmission shaft 21 is spherically hinged to the axle cross beam 11 at the lower end by a ball shell 25.
[0048] K, wheel axle 12, is fixed integrally with axle cross beam 11 in transverse direction, and brake 24 and wheel 26 are mounted on this axle.
[0049] L. The sliding rod 13 is a slender solid rod. The (six) sliding rods 13 are parallel to each other. The lower ends are basically evenly distributed and fixed to the edge of the lower support plate 9 and are perpendicular to the lower support plate 9. The upper ends are free. The sliding rods 13 can pass through the corresponding small holes of the sliding tube 14 and have contact, but can slide relatively freely along the axial direction under the action of lubricating oil. The maximum range of up and down sliding is regulated by the nut 6.
[0050] M. The sliding tubes 14 are (six) hollow circular tubes, which are parallel to each other and fixed on the steering wheel 15 in a basically evenly distributed manner. They are also fixed to the edges of the small holes of the upper support plate 7 and the middle support plate 8, corresponding to the sliding rod 13, just covering the sliding rod 13, controlling the verticality of the rod without tilting, thereby controlling the verticality of the wheel 26 without tilting, so that the central vertical axis of the entire rotating assembly is consistent with the fixed shaft column tube 1.
[0051] N. The steering wheel 15 is cylindrical, with the same diameter as the upper support plate 7 and the middle support plate 8. It is sleeved on the outer circumference between the upper support plate 7 and the middle support plate 8, and is fixed to the edges of the upper support plate 7 and the middle support plate 8 from top to bottom. It has four parts, namely, gear teeth 15a, chain teeth 15b, ring 15c, and latch 15d, and is fixed with a sliding tube 14. The gear teeth 15a are the steering wheel interface, which meshes with a series of transmission gears and finally links with the steering wheel (a series of transmission gears and the steering wheel are omitted in the figure), so that the steering wheel controls the rotation of the steering wheel 15, and then controls the rotation of the entire rotating assembly through the action of the sliding rod 13 and the sliding tube 14, so as to achieve the effect of controlling the steering of the wheel 26. In addition, the sliding rod 13 can slide relatively axially in the sliding tube 14, so that the lower part of the rotating assembly (wheel 26) can both rotate and move up and down, solving the problems of steering and shock absorption; the chain teeth 15b are the steering chain 1 6 interface, the sprockets 15b of the left and right steering wheels 15 on the same axis are meshed with a closed steering chain 16 at the same time, so that the two rotating bodies and the wheels 26 are turned synchronously; the lower part of the ring 15c has a smooth outer periphery, which is conducive to the rotation of the lower part of the ring 15c of the steering wheel 15 in the circular frame of the anti-tilt plate 2 to reduce friction; the locking protrusion 15d is located at the upper part of the ring 15c, which is a protruding point on the upper part of the ring 15c and can be blocked by two sets of stoppers provided on the anti-tilt plate 2, thereby limiting the steering wheel 15 from turning within a large angle (±90 degrees) and a small angle (±36 degrees).
[0052] O. The steering chain 16 is a closed chain that meshes with the sprocket teeth 15b of the left and right steering wheels 15 to achieve synchronous steering of the two rotating bodies and the wheels 26. The steering chain 16 also eliminates the reaction forces in opposite directions that may be generated when the left and right motors 19 or the linkage wheels 28 rotate.
[0053] P. The anti-tilt plate 2 is a flat plate at the same level as the lower part of the circular ring 15c of the steering wheel 15, fixed to the vehicle frame, with a circular frame in the center, the diameter of which is slightly larger than the diameter of the lower part of the circular ring 15c of the steering wheel 15, just covering the lower part of the circular ring 15c. In addition to allowing the lower part of the circular ring 15c of the steering wheel 15 to rotate in the circular frame, it mainly limits the deviation of the steering wheel 15, so that the entire rotating assembly does not tilt, and ensures that the central vertical axis of the rotating assembly is consistent with the central vertical axis of the fixed shaft column tube 1. There are two groups of buckles on the anti-tilt plate 2 near the frame edge, one group is a fixed buckle 2a, and the other group is a controlled movable buckle 2b, each group has two buckles, and the movable buckle 2b has two states: locked and opened. When the rotating assembly and the wheel are turning, the latch 15d on the steering wheel 15 can be blocked by the two sets of buckles on the anti-tilt plate, which respectively limit the rotating assembly and the wheel 26 to turn within ±90 degrees (fixed buckle 2a) and ±36 degrees (movable buckle 2b). When the movable buckle 2b is in the locked state, the rotating assembly and the wheel 26 turn within ±36 degrees (normal driving mode). When the movable buckle 2b is in the open state, the rotating assembly and the wheel 26 can turn within ±90 degrees allowed by the fixed buckle 2a (U-turn side parking mode).
[0054] Q. Springs 17, there are four of them, which not only make full use of the space, but also expand the pressure area and enhance the balance. They are connected between the upper and lower parts of the rotating body, play a role in the vehicle's anti-vibration, the upper end is fixed to the upper support plate 7, the middle part passes through the circular hole reserved in the middle support plate 8, and there is a certain gap with the edge of the hole of the middle support plate 8, and the lower end is fixed to the lower support plate 9.
[0055] R. Damper 18 is connected between the upper and lower parts of the rotating assembly to eliminate vehicle shocks. The lower end is fixed to the axle crossbeam 11. The piston rod of the damper 18 passes through the circular holes reserved in the lower support plate 9 and the middle support plate 8 with a certain gap. The upper end of the piston rod is fixed to the upper support plate 7.
[0056] S. Motor 19 is the power source of wheel 26. Sufficient space is reserved on the upper support plate 7 for motor 19 (called wheel motor, different from wheel-side motor). The body of motor 19 is fixed to the upper support plate 7, and the motor output shaft (spline shaft) extends into the transmission sleeve 20 for meshing, driving the transmission sleeve 20 to rotate.
[0057] T, transmission sleeve 20, the inside of the tube is a spline, the transmission sleeve 20 passes through the reserved circular holes of the upper support plate 7, the middle support plate 8, and the lower support plate 9 respectively, and is fixed to the upper support plate 7 and the middle support plate 8 through bearings, and has a certain gap with the hole edge of the lower support plate 9, and can rotate freely. The transmission sleeve 20 transmits the rotational power to the transmission shaft 21 through the meshing action of the splines inside.
[0058] U. The transmission shaft 21 has a free upper end and extends into the transmission sleeve 20. In addition to rotating together with the transmission sleeve 20 through the spline engagement, it can also slide relatively in the axial direction. The sliding amplitude is consistent with the spring amplitude, but it is always partially connected with the transmission sleeve 20, providing a basis for the shock absorption design of the vehicle; the lower end of the transmission shaft 21 is spherical and is spherically hinged on the shaft crossbeam 11 by a spherical shell 25. The ball end of the transmission shaft 21 can rotate freely in the spherical shell 25, and an angular tooth 22 is also fixed to the lower middle part of the shaft.
[0059] V, angle teeth 22 are conical teeth, fixed to the lower middle part of the transmission shaft 21, meshing with the basin teeth 23, and transmitting the rotational power on the transmission shaft 21 to the basin teeth 23.
[0060] W, the basin tooth 23 is basin-shaped with a hollow bottom. The bottom is fixed to the brake drum of the brake 24 or directly to the wheel hub of the wheel 26. The basin tooth 23 is meshed with the angle tooth 22 to receive the power transmitted by the angle tooth 22. Through the relationship between the basin and angle teeth, the power completes a 90-degree turn here, and the vertical transmission becomes a horizontal transmission and is transmitted to the wheel 26, so that the wheel 26 rotates and the vehicle moves.
[0061] 2. Internal combustion engine mode:
[0062] The power is an internal combustion engine. Compared with the on-wheel motor mode, the motor 19 is removed and a gearbox, a differential, a differential output rod 27, a linkage wheel 28, a gear 29, etc. are installed. The rest is the same as the on-wheel motor mode.
[0063] X. The differential output rod 27 is fixed to the vehicle body frame through bearings and can rotate freely. The angular teeth at the far end mesh with the basin teeth of the linkage wheel 28 to transmit power to the linkage wheel 28.
[0064] Y, linkage wheel 28, sleeved on the outer rotating tube 3 on the upper support plate 7, can rotate relatively freely, the upper end is the basin tooth, meshing with the angular teeth of the differential output rod 27, and changing the direction of the force from horizontal transmission to vertical transmission, the lower end is the wheel tooth, meshing with the gear 29, transmitting the power to the gear 29.
[0065] Z, gear 29, is fixed to the upper end of the transmission sleeve 20, meshes with the gear teeth of the linkage wheel 28, and transmits the power received from the linkage wheel 28 to the transmission sleeve 20.
[0066] So far, the remaining structure and steps are consistent with the wheel motor mode. It should be noted that the upper ends of the sliding rod 13 and the sliding tube 14 should not be too high to avoid contact with the differential output rod 27 during steering.
[0067] It is recommended that the fixed axle column tube 1, the anti-tilt plate 2 and the vehicle body frame be integrally processed and formed, the round shaft 5, the lower support plate 9, the support arm 10, the axle crossbeam 11, the wheel axle 12, and the sliding rod 13 be integrally processed and formed, and the inner rotating tube 4, the outer rotating tube 3, the upper support plate 7, the middle support plate 8, the steering wheel 15, and the sliding tube 14 are also integrally processed and formed to enhance the stability of the entire structure.
[0068] The vehicle designed and manufactured according to the method of realizing wheel steering of ±90 degrees, if the device realizing wheel steering of ±90 degrees is only installed on the front two wheels of the vehicle, the vehicle can almost achieve the effect of turning around on the spot, and it is also very convenient to park sideways. If the device is installed on all four wheels at the same time (the vehicle needs to have two sets of steering systems), the vehicle can realize turning around on the spot and driving sideways, which is very convenient for turning around and parking sideways.
[0069] The vehicle is designed and manufactured based on the method of achieving wheel steering of ±90 degrees. It has no differential or cross bridge in the chassis, which reduces the cross-body mass and indirectly improves the chassis, thereby enhancing the vehicle's comfort and passability.
[0070] Judging from the structure of the device that can achieve wheel steering of ±90 degrees, it is more suitable for installation in electric vehicles and promote the development of electric vehicles.
[0071] The above implementation modes are not limitations of the present invention. Any changes, improvements, additions or substitutions made on the basis of the spirit and principles of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A wheel steering device, comprising a rotating assembly and a fixed shaft column tube, characterized in that: The rotating assembly rotates about a central vertical axis, is sleeved on a fixed shaft column tube, and rotates relative to the fixed shaft column tube; the fixed shaft column tube is fixed on the vehicle frame.
2. A wheel steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly rotates about an axis vertical to the center of the wheel. The rotating assembly is provided with a steering wheel, which is fixed on the rotating assembly as the outer circumference of the rotating assembly. The steering wheel is provided with gear teeth, which are steering interfaces. The steering system controls the steering of the rotating assembly and the wheel through the steering wheel.
3. A wheel steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating combination includes a transmission sleeve, a transmission shaft, an angle tooth, a basin tooth, a support arm, an axle beam, a wheel axle, and a wheel. The transmission sleeve is respectively fixed to the upper support plate and the middle support plate of the rotating combination through bearings, and passes through the circular hole reserved in the lower support plate to rotate freely. The upper end of the transmission shaft extends into the transmission sleeve for meshing, and the lower end is ball-jointed to the axle beam. The support arm is fixed on the axle beam, and the axle beam is fixed transversely to the wheel axle. The wheel is connected to the wheel axle through a bearing, the angle tooth is fixed to the transmission shaft, and the basin tooth is fixed to the wheel, and the angle tooth is meshed with the basin tooth. The vehicle power drives the transmission sleeve and the transmission shaft on the rotating combination, and is vertically transmitted downward to one side of the wheel, and then the meshing of the angle tooth and the basin tooth is transformed into horizontal transmission and transmitted to the wheel, driving the wheel to rotate and travel.
4. A wheel steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly is provided with a shock-absorbing device, which includes a spring and a damper. The spring is arranged between the upper part of the rotating assembly and the lower part of the rotating assembly, with the upper end fixed to the upper support plate, the middle part passes through the circular hole reserved in the middle support plate, has a certain gap with the edge of the hole of the middle support plate, and the lower end is fixed to the lower support plate; the lower end of the damper is fixed to the shaft crossbeam, the piston rod of the damper passes through the circular holes reserved in the lower support plate and the middle support plate, with a certain gap, and the upper end of the piston rod is fixed to the upper support plate.
5. A wheel steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel steering device is also provided with an anti-tilt plate, which is fixed on the frame. A round frame is opened in the center of the anti-tilt plate, which is just put on the steering wheel. The steering wheel can rotate freely. The anti-tilt plate and the fixed shaft column tube together control the verticality of the entire rotating assembly.
6. A wheel steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering wheel is provided with a latching protrusion, and the anti-tilt plate is provided with two groups of buckles related to the latching protrusion, which block the latching protrusion so that the entire rotating assembly can rotate within two angle ranges respectively. One group is a fixed buckle, and the other group is a controlled movable buckle. Through the cooperation of the fixed buckle and the movable buckle, the switching of steering within the normal driving steering range and the range of ±90 degrees can be realized.
7. A wheel steering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering wheel is provided with sprockets, and the two rotating bodies and wheels on the same steering shaft are meshed with the sprockets of the two steering wheels by the steering chain to achieve synchronous steering; or the synchronous steering of the two wheels is completed in the steering system.
8. Use of the wheel steering device according to claim 1 on a vehicle.
9. The use of a wheel steering device in a vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The driving modes can be divided into the following two types: When the motor is used for driving: the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating assembly; the motor output shaft directly drives the transmission sleeve to rotate, thereby driving the wheels to travel; When driven by an internal combustion engine: the differential is located above the frame, the angular teeth of the differential output rod mesh with the linkage wheel basin teeth, the linkage wheel meshes with the gear, the linkage wheel is mounted on the outer rotating tube and can rotate relatively, the gear is fixed on the transmission sleeve, thereby driving the transmission sleeve to rotate and drive the wheels to move.