Integrated automatic vertical warehouse with high space utilization rate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of warehousing, and discloses a high-space-utilization-rate integrated automatic vertical warehouse which comprises a bottom plate, and a full material storing and taking mechanism, an empty material storing and taking mechanism and a taking, placing and transplanting mechanism are arranged on the upper end face of the bottom plate. The full material storing and taking mechanism comprises a first stacking space and taking and limiting assemblies, wherein the first stacking space is defined by stand columns, full material trays can be vertically stacked in the first stacking space, and the taking and limiting assemblies are arranged on the portions, on the two sides of the first stacking space, of the bottom plate and can take down the bottommost trays one by one and limit descending of the last but one tray. The empty material storing and taking mechanism comprises a second stacking space which is defined by stand columns and can be used for vertically stacking the empty material trays, and telescopic bearing parts which are arranged on the bottom plate on the two sides of the second stacking space in a telescopic mode and bear the bottom of the tray at the lowermost end. And the taking and placing transplanting mechanism comprises a vehicle frame moving on the bottom plate in a reciprocating mode, a supporting plate vertically ascending and descending on the vehicle frame and used for bearing or delivering the trays and a driving mechanism driving the vehicle frame to move. The three-dimensional warehouse is high in automation degree, the taking and placing efficiency is remarkably improved, and safety and rapidness are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of storage technology, and in particular to an integrated automatic vertical warehouse with high space utilization. Background Art

[0002] After the mass production of parts of the same model, in order to avoid collisions during placement and transportation, pallets are generally used for placement. This pallet has several independent placement slots inside, each of which can hold a part. After the pallet is full of parts, the staff will transport it to the vertical warehouse for storage.

[0003] The existing vertical warehouse structure can refer to a three-dimensional shelf disclosed in Chinese patent publication number CN208007825U, which includes a frame formed by columns and beams, and pallets for placing pallets are arranged at longitudinal intervals between the columns.

[0004] In order to store as many pallets as possible, the shelves are generally of a certain height. When the pallets are fully loaded with products, they have a certain weight. Workers need to manually place or take the pallets on the shelves, which results in low efficiency, safety hazards, and difficulty in placing and taking. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problems of low efficiency, laboriousness and potential safety hazards in existing vertical warehouses, which require operators to manually pick up and place pallets. The present invention provides an integrated automatic vertical warehouse with high space utilization, which has significantly improved picking and placing efficiency and does not require manual picking and placing.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model discloses an integrated automatic vertical warehouse with high space utilization rate, comprising a bottom plate, on the upper surface of which a full material storage and retrieval mechanism, an empty material storage and retrieval mechanism and a fetching and placing and transferring mechanism are arranged, the bottom plate has a plurality of vertical columns, the full material storage and retrieval mechanism comprises a first stacking space surrounded by the columns and capable of vertically stacking full material pallets, and a fetching and limiting assembly arranged on both sides of the first stacking space on the bottom plate, which can remove the bottommost pallet one by one and limit the second-to-last pallet to descend, the empty material storage and retrieval mechanism comprises a second stacking space surrounded by the columns and capable of vertically stacking empty material pallets, and a telescopic supporting part telescopically arranged on both sides of the second stacking space on the bottom plate and supported on the bottom of the lowest pallet, the fetching and placing and transferring mechanism comprises a frame which reciprocates on the bottom plate, a support plate which is vertically lifted and lowered on the frame and is used for receiving or delivering pallets, and a driving mechanism which drives the frame to move, the frame is driven by the driving mechanism to move to a parking position in the first stacking space or in the second stacking space or outside the first stacking space and the second stacking space.

[0008] By adopting the above scheme, the picking and placing transporting mechanism slides on the bottom plate and can be moved to the position just below the first stacking space or the entire lower part of the second stacking space or the parking position. When the picking and placing transporting mechanism moves to the parking position, the operator can take the full pallet on the picking and placing transporting mechanism or place the empty pallet on the picking and placing transporting mechanism; when the picking and placing transporting mechanism moves to the first stacking space, the full pallet can be lifted and stacked from bottom to top on the first stacking space, and limited by the picking limit assembly; it can also be lifted and taken to take the bottom pallet released by the picking limit assembly, then descended and moved to the parking position; when the picking and placing transporting mechanism moves to the second stacking space, the empty pallet can be lifted and stacked from bottom to top on the second stacking space, and limited by the telescopic supporting part; it can also be lifted and taken to take all the empty pallets released by the telescopic supporting part, then descended and moved to the parking position. The vertical warehouse has a high degree of automation, significantly improved picking and placing efficiency, and is safe and fast.

[0009] Preferably, the taking limit assembly includes a first fixed frame fixed to the bottom plate, a fixed pressing assembly fixed to the first fixed frame and capable of horizontal extension and retraction and pressing against the side wall of a tray at a corresponding height after being extended, and a lifting seat vertically guided and lifted on the first fixed frame, the lifting seat being provided with a movable pressing assembly capable of horizontal extension and retraction and pressing against the side wall of the lowermost tray after being extended, and the movable pressing assembly being provided with a first supporting member capable of abutting against the bottom of the lowermost tray or detaching from the tray.

[0010] By adopting the above scheme, the first supporting member rises and falls synchronously with the mobile pressing assembly. Each time it rises to the same height, it can ensure that the fixed pressing assembly presses the second to last full pallet when it is extended, and the mobile pressing assembly combined with the first supporting member can press and support the bottom full pallet to descend and release it stably onto the lifted pick-up and transplanting mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the movable pressing assembly includes a first pressing plate, a first driving cylinder for driving the first pressing plate to extend and retract, and a first buffer matching assembly for driving the first pressing plate to elastically press against the side wall of the tray.

[0012] With the above solution, the first driving cylinder drives the first abutment plate to extend and retract, thereby realizing the advancement or retreat of the first support member. The first buffer matching assembly can realize the elastic pressing of the first abutment plate against the side of the pallet, thereby reducing the wear of the pallet caused by hard extrusion.

[0013] Preferably, the first buffer mating assembly includes a first mounting plate vertically fixed at the end of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder, a first guide column protruding parallel to the side of the first abutment plate facing the first mounting plate and engaging with the first mounting plate for guiding and plugging, and a first limit block arranged at an end of the first guide column away from the first abutment plate to limit the first guide column from being separated from the first mounting plate; a first elastic buffer component is sleeved on the first guide column at both ends which elastically abut against the first abutment plate and the first mounting plate respectively.

[0014] By adopting the above solution, after the first guide post cooperates with the first mounting plate, the first limit block limits the first guide post to separate from the first mounting plate, and the first elastic buffer provides the first elastic buffer force against the plate through its elastic deformation ability.

[0015] Preferably, a groove is recessed downward on the upper end surface of the first abutment plate, and the first support member includes a counterweight block rotatably arranged in the groove and a support block vertically protruding from one side of the counterweight block and extending outside the first abutment plate. The support block can be flipped up to allow the tray to pass through from bottom to top or flipped down to fit with the bottom of the groove. The counterweight block drives the support block to be in a state where the bottom is in fit with the bottom of the groove under normal circumstances.

[0016] With the above scheme, the first supporting member is composed of a counterweight and a supporting block. The counterweight drives the supporting block to be in a horizontal state under normal circumstances. The advantage is that when the pallet is placed in the first stacking space by the picking and placing mechanism, the pallet rises and squeezes the first supporting member. The first supporting member is squeezed and flipped up to allow the pallet to pass through. After the pallet passes through, the supporting block automatically flips down under the action of the counterweight and supports the lower end of the pallet at the lowest end. This design can significantly reduce the working frequency of the first driving cylinder; when the pallet needs to be released, the first driving cylinder starts working to achieve the retraction of the first supporting member.

[0017] Preferably, the fixed pressing assembly includes a second pressing plate, a second driving cylinder for driving the second pressing plate to extend and retract, and a second buffer matching assembly for driving the second pressing plate to elastically press against the side wall of the tray.

[0018] By adopting the above scheme, the second abutment plate is elastically pressed against the side wall of the second-to-last tray under the action of the second buffer matching assembly to limit the descent of all trays above the second-to-last tray, thereby facilitating the movement of the abutment assembly to pull down and release the lowest tray to the retrieval and transplanting mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, the telescopic supporting part includes a third support plate, a third driving cylinder for driving the third support plate to extend and retract, and a third buffer matching assembly for driving the third support plate to elastically press against the side wall of the tray, and a second support member consistent with the first support member structure is rotatably arranged on the third support plate.

[0020] With the above solution, the telescopic supporting part does not need to release the pallet individually, so the empty pallet can be released directly by contraction of the third abutment plate and the second supporting member; the performance of the second supporting member itself can be directly used to achieve rapid stacking of empty pallets.

[0021] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel rotating at both ends of the base plate, a driving motor driving the driving wheel to rotate, and a synchronous belt tensioned and wound around the driving wheel and the driven wheel. Sliders are arranged in parallel on both sides of the lower end of the frame, and a guide rail is fixed at the upper end of the base plate for the slider to guide and slide thereon, and the slider is fixed on the synchronous belt.

[0022] By adopting the above scheme, the frame and the bottom plate are guided and slidably matched through the guide rails and the sliders, and the driving motor drives the driving wheel to rotate, driving the synchronous belt and the driven wheel to rotate, thereby realizing the reciprocating movement of the frame on the bottom plate.

[0023] Preferably, a pressing mechanism for limiting the displacement of the pallet is provided on the pallet, the pressing mechanism comprising an assembly seat fixed in an offset manner on both sides of the pallet, a pressure plate rotatably arranged on the assembly seat, and a driving component for driving the pressure plate to rotate forward and reverse to press or move away from the pallet above the pallet.

[0024] With the above solution, the pallet is placed on the pallet. As the frame moves, the pallet may be at risk of shifting. The offset pressure plate presses the pallet against the pallet, so that the pallet can be transported stably.

[0025] Preferably, the driving component is a fourth driving cylinder, the cylinder body of the fourth driving cylinder is hinged to the lower end surface of the support plate at one end away from its piston rod and a screw is fixed to the end of its piston rod, the end of the pressure plate away from its lower pressing end is vertically folded downward to have a matching plate, the pressure plate is hinged to the assembly seat through the matching plate, the matching plate is provided with a clearance groove for the screw to pass through and for the screw to slide when the cylinder body of the fourth driving cylinder is flipped, limiting nuts are provided on both sides of the clearance groove on the screw, and a matching gap is provided between the limiting nuts for the screw to flip a certain angle relative to the matching plate.

[0026] By adopting the above scheme, as the fourth driving cylinder is extended and flipped, the pressure plate is flipped, and the matching clearance between the positioning groove and the limit nut can change the matching angle between the screw and the matching plate, providing room for the angle change of the cylinder body.

[0027] The present invention has significant technical effects due to the adoption of the above technical scheme: the vertical warehouse is composed of a full material storage and retrieval mechanism, an empty material storage and retrieval mechanism and a pick-up and placement transfer mechanism. The pick-up and placement transfer mechanism slides on the bottom plate and can be moved to the position directly below the first stacking space or the entire lower part of the second stacking space or a parking position. When the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism moves to the parking position, the operator can take the full material pallet on the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism or place the empty material pallet on the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism; when the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism moves to the first stacking space, the full material pallet can be lifted and placed automatically. It can be stacked upward from bottom to top on the first stacking space and limited by the pick-up limit assembly; it can also be lifted up to pick up the bottom pallet released by the pick-up limit assembly, and then descend and move to the parking position; when the pick-up and placement transplanting mechanism moves to the second stacking space, it can be lifted up to stack the empty material pallets from bottom to top on the second stacking space and limited by the telescopic supporting part; it can also be lifted up to pick up all the empty material pallets released by the telescopic supporting part, and then descend and move to the parking position. The vertical warehouse has a high degree of automation, significantly improves the picking and placing efficiency, and is safe and fast. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is an axonometric diagram of an integrated automatic vertical warehouse with high space utilization in this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a main view of an integrated automatic vertical warehouse with high space utilization in this embodiment;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified image of A;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of B;

[0032] Figure 5 This is an axonometric view of an integrated automatic vertical warehouse with high space utilization rate in this embodiment when no pallets are placed;

[0033] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of C;

[0034] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 The enlarged view of D;

[0035] Figure 8-Figure 9 is an axonometric view of the pick-up limit assembly of this embodiment;

[0036] Fig.10 is an axonometric view of the pick-and-place transplanting mechanism of this embodiment;

[0037] Fig.11 is an axonometric view of the pressing mechanism of this embodiment;

[0038] Fig.12 It is an axonometric view of the first bracket of this embodiment.

[0039] The parts indicated by the numbers in the above figures are as follows: 1. bottom plate; 2. column; 3. first fixing frame; 4. second fixing frame; 5. guide rail; 6. slider; 7. magnetic member; 8. Hall switch; 9. driving wheel; 10. driven wheel; 11. driving motor; 12. synchronous belt; 13. frame; 14. support plate; 15. fourth driving cylinder; 16. screw rod; 17. pressure plate; 18. assembly seat; 19. matching plate; 191. clearance groove; 20. limiting nut; 21. tray; 22. lifting seat; 23. first lifting cylinder; 24. The first driving cylinder; 25. The first mounting plate; 26. The first abutment plate; 261. The groove; 27. The first supporting member; 271. The counterweight block; 272. The supporting block; 28. The first guide column; 29. ​​The first limiting block; 30. The first elastic buffer member; 31. The second abutment plate; 32. The second driving cylinder; 33. The second mounting plate; 34. The second elastic buffer member; 35. The third abutment plate; 36. The second supporting member; 37. The third mounting plate; 38. The third driving cylinder; 39. The third elastic buffer member; 40. The second lifting cylinder; 41. The guide rod; 42. The guide sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] An integrated automatic vertical warehouse with high space utilization, refer to Figure 1-12 As shown, it includes a base plate 1 and a plurality of columns 2 vertically fixed on the base plate 1. At least one full material storage and retrieval mechanism, at least one empty material storage and retrieval mechanism and a pick-up and transfer mechanism are arranged on the upper end surface of the base plate 1. In this embodiment, there is one full material storage and retrieval mechanism and one empty material storage and retrieval mechanism respectively. The pick-up and transfer mechanism slides on the base plate 1 and can be moved to the bottom of the full material storage and retrieval mechanism or to the bottom of the empty material storage and retrieval mechanism or to a parking position outside the two.

[0042] The full material storage and retrieval mechanism includes a first stacking space surrounded by columns 2 and on which full material pallets 21 (pallets 21 filled with products) can be vertically stacked, and a taking limit assembly symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first stacking space on the base plate 1, and the taking limit assembly includes a first fixed frame 3 vertically fixed on the base plate 1, a lifting seat 22 is vertically guided and lifted on the first fixed frame 3, a first lifting cylinder 23 is vertically fixed on the base plate 1, the piston rod of the first lifting cylinder 23 is vertically arranged upward and the end is fixed to the bottom of the lifting seat 22, a movable pressing assembly is arranged on the lifting seat 22 for pressing and supporting the bottommost pallet 21, and a fixed pressing assembly is arranged on the top of the first fixed frame 3 for pressing the second-to-last pallet 21 and limiting its descent.

[0043] Combination Figure 5-Figure 6 as well as Figure 8-Figure 9As shown, the movable pressing assembly includes a first pressing plate 26, a first driving cylinder 24 that drives the first pressing plate 26 to extend and retract, and a first buffer matching assembly that drives the first pressing plate 26 to elastically press against the side wall of the tray 21. The upper end surface of the first pressing plate 26 is recessed with two grooves 261 at parallel intervals, and a first supporting member 27 is arranged in the groove 261. The first supporting member 27 includes a counterweight block 271 that is rotatably arranged in the groove 261 and a supporting block 272 that is vertically protruded at one end of the counterweight block 271 away from the first driving cylinder 24. The supporting block 272 can be flipped up to allow the tray 21 to pass through from bottom to top or flipped down to fit with the bottom of the groove 261. The counterweight block 271 drives the supporting block 272 to be at the bottom and fit with the bottom of the groove 261 in normal state. In the closed state, the cylinder body of the first driving cylinder 24 is fixed on the lifting seat 22 and the end of its piston rod is vertically fixed with a first mounting plate 25, the first mounting plate 25 is located between the first abutment plate 26 and the piston rod, the first buffer matching assembly includes a first guide column 28 symmetrically protruded on the first abutment plate 26 with the piston rod as the center, a first guide hole correspondingly arranged on the first mounting plate 25 for the first guide column 28 to pass through, and a first limit block 29 set at one end of the first guide column 28 away from the first abutment plate 26 to limit its separation from the first mounting plate 25, and a first elastic buffer 30 at both ends of which are elastically abutted against the first abutment plate 26 and the first mounting plate 25 respectively, and the first elastic buffer 30 is a spring.

[0044] The fixed pressing assembly includes a second pressing plate 31, a second driving cylinder 32 for driving the second pressing plate 31 to extend and retract, and a second buffer matching assembly for driving the second pressing plate 31 to elastically press against the side wall of the penultimate tray 21. The cylinder body of the second driving cylinder 32 is fixed on the top of the first fixed frame 3, and a second mounting plate 33 is vertically fixed to the end of its piston rod. The structure of the second buffer matching assembly is consistent with the first buffer matching assembly, including a second guide column and a second limit block protruding from the second pressing plate 31 and guiding and plugging with the second mounting plate 33, and a second elastic buffer member 34 is sleeved on the second guide column, and its two ends are respectively elastically abutted against the second pressing plate 31 and the second mounting plate 33.

[0045] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the empty material storage and retrieval mechanism includes a second stacking space surrounded by columns 2 and capable of vertically stacking empty material pallets 21 (pallets 21 without products), a second fixing frame 4 vertically fixed on the bottom plate 1 on both sides of the second stacking space, and a telescopic supporting portion arranged on the second fixing frame 4 and used for supporting or releasing the pallet 21.

[0046] The telescopic supporting part includes a third support plate 35, a third driving cylinder 38 for driving the third support plate 35 to extend and retract, and a third buffer matching assembly for driving the third support plate 35 to elastically press against the side wall of the tray 21. A second bracket 36 having the same structure as the first bracket 27 is rotatably arranged on the third support plate 35. Under normal conditions, the bracket block 272 of the second bracket 36 is in a horizontal state and supported on the lower end surface of the bottom tray 21. The cylinder body of the third driving cylinder 38 is fixed to the top of the second fixed frame 4 and the third mounting plate 37 is vertically fixed to the end of its piston rod. The third buffer matching assembly has the same structure as the first buffer matching assembly. A third guide column and a third limit block for guiding and plugging with the third mounting plate 37 are convexly provided on the third support plate 35, and a third elastic buffer 39 is sleeved on the third guide column, whose two ends are respectively elastically abutted against the third support plate 35 and the third mounting plate 37.

[0047] Reference Figure 10-11 As shown, the pick-up and placement and transplanting mechanism includes a frame 13 that reciprocates on the abutment plate, a support plate 14 that is vertically lifted and lowered on the frame 13 for receiving or delivering the pallet 21, and a driving mechanism that drives the frame 13 to move, the driving mechanism includes a driving wheel 9 and a driven wheel 10 that rotate on both ends of the base plate 1, the driven wheel 10 rotates on the bearing seat, a driving motor 11 that drives the driving wheel 9 to rotate is fixed on the base plate 1, a synchronous belt 12 is tensioned and wound around the driving wheel 9 and the driven wheel 10, sliders 6 are arranged in parallel on both sides of the lower end of the frame 13, and guide rails 5 that can be guided and slid on the base plate 1 are convexly provided in parallel, and the slider 6 is fixed on the synchronous belt 12. When the driving motor 11 rotates forwards and reversely, it can drive the slider 6 to reciprocate along the guide rail 5, thereby realizing the reciprocating movement of the frame 13.

[0048] The vertical lifting of the support plate 14 is controlled by a guide drive component, which includes a guide sleeve 42 arranged on the frame 13, a guide rod 41 vertically arranged at the lower end of the support plate 14 and interlaced with the guide sleeve 42, and a second lifting cylinder 40 fixed to the frame 13. The cylinder body of the second lifting cylinder 40 is fixed on the frame 13 and its piston rod is vertically upward and its end is fixed to the lower end surface of the support plate 14. Three second lifting cylinders 40 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart.

[0049] A pressing mechanism for limiting the displacement of the pallet 21 is provided on the pallet 14, and the pressing mechanism includes an assembly seat 18 fixed at both sides of the pallet 14, a pressure plate 17 rotatably arranged on the assembly seat 18, and a driving component for driving the pressure plate 17 to rotate forward and reversely to press or move away from the pallet 21 at the upper end of the pallet 14. The driving component is a fourth driving cylinder 15, and the cylinder body of the fourth driving cylinder 15 is hinged at one end away from its piston rod at the lower end of the pallet 14 and a screw 16 is fixed at the end of its piston rod. The end of the pressure plate 17 away from its lower pressing end is vertically folded downward to have a matching plate 19, both ends of the matching plate 19 are provided with rotating shafts that rotate with the assembly seat 18, and the matching plate 19 is provided with a clearance groove 191 for the screw 16 to pass through and for the screw 16 to slide when the cylinder body is turned over. Limiting nuts 20 are provided on both sides of the clearance groove 191 on the screw 16, and there is a matching clearance between the limiting nuts 20 that allows the screw 16 to turn a certain angle relative to the matching plate 19. The matching clearance between the clearance groove 191 and the limiting nut 20 can change the matching angle between the screw 16 and the matching plate 19, thereby providing a movable space for the angle change of the cylinder body.

[0050] A travel switch is provided between the base plate 1 and the slider 6. Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Fig.10 As shown, a magnetic member 7 is fixed on the slider 6, and a Hall switch 8 is fixed on one side of the bottom plate 1 corresponding to the first stacking space, the second stacking space and the parking position. When the magnetic member 7 moves to the sensing point of the Hall switch 8, it moves to the first stacking space or the second stacking space or the parking position accordingly.

[0051] A controller is provided on the base plate 1, and the first driving cylinder 24, the second driving cylinder 32, the third driving cylinder 38, the fourth driving cylinder 15, the first lifting cylinder 23, the second lifting cylinder 40, the driving motor 11 and the three Hall switches 8 are all connected to the controller, and the opening and closing and the sequence of the above-mentioned elements are realized by the logic programming of the controller.

[0052] The specific steps of taking the full tray 21 are as follows:

[0053] Initial state: the picking and placing transplanting mechanism is located at the parking position; the second abutment plate 31 of the fixed abutment assembly is in a retracted state; the first support member 27 of the movable abutment assembly is supported on the bottom of the tray 21 at the lower end.

[0054] The process of taking full trays 21 one by one:

[0055] The controller first controls the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism to move to the first stacking space, and the corresponding Hall switch 8 sends an in-position instruction to the controller, and the controller commands the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism to stop; further, the second lifting cylinder 40 rises and the fourth driving cylinder 15 retracts, and the pressing plate 17 rotates outward away from the supporting plate 14; further; the second driving cylinder 32 extends, and the second abutment plate 31 elastically presses on the side wall of the second-to-last tray 21; further, the first driving cylinder 24 extends, and the first abutment plate 26 presses on the side wall of the lowest single tray 21; further, the first lifting cylinder 23 retracts and carries the lowest tray The tray 21 descends to the specified position (the upper end surface of the support plate 14); further, the first driving cylinder 24 retracts, and the first supporting member 27 retracts to release the tray 21; further, the fourth driving cylinder 15 extends, and the pressure plate 17 flips downward to press the tray 21; further, the second lifting cylinder 40 descends; further, the driving motor 11 rotates, and the pick-up and placement transplanting mechanism moves to the parking position; further, the first lifting cylinder 23 rises and resets, and then the second driving cylinder 32 is commanded to retract, and all the full trays 21 descend by the height of one tray 21 until the bottom tray 21 is supported on the first supporting member 27.

[0056] The process of storing the full trays 21 one by one:

[0057] The controller first controls the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism to move to the first stacking space, and the corresponding Hall switch 8 sends an in-position instruction to the controller, and the controller commands the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism to stop; further, the second lifting cylinder 40 rises, and the pallet 14 carrying the full tray 21 rises and passes through the first support 27, and the support block 272 of the first support 27 first flips up to make way and then flips down to reset and support the bottom of the full tray 21; further, the fourth drive cylinder 15 retracts, and the pressure plate 17 flips outward away from the pallet 14; further, the second lifting cylinder 40 descends, and the pallet 14 descends; further, the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism moves to the parking position.

[0058] Empty pallets 21 are stored one by one or in batches:

[0059] The controller first controls the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism to move to the second stacking space, and the corresponding Hall switch 8 sends an in-position instruction to the controller, and the controller commands the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism to stop; further, the second lifting cylinder 40 rises, and the pallet 14 carrying the empty material tray 21 rises and passes through the second support 36, and the support block 272 of the second support 36 first flips up to make way and then flips down to reset and support the bottom of the empty material tray 21; further, the fourth driving cylinder 15 retracts, and the pressure plate 17 flips outward away from the pallet 14; further, the second lifting cylinder 40 descends, and the pallet 14 descends; further, the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism moves to the parking position.

[0060] Empty tray 21 batch picking process:

[0061] The controller first controls the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism to move to the second stacking space, and the corresponding Hall switch 8 sends an in-position instruction to the controller, and the controller commands the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism to stop; further, the second lifting cylinder 40 rises, the fourth drive cylinder 15 retracts, and the pressure plate 17 turns outward away from the support plate 14; further, the third drive cylinder 38 retracts, the second support 36 retracts, and all empty pallets 21 in the second stacking space are released on the support plate 14; further, the pick-up and placement transfer mechanism moves to the parking position.

[0062] The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated automatic vertical warehouse with high space utilization, comprising a bottom plate (1), characterized in that: A full material storage and retrieval mechanism, an empty material storage and retrieval mechanism, and a pick-up and transfer mechanism are arranged on the upper end surface of the bottom plate (1); a plurality of columns (2) are arranged vertically on the bottom plate (1); the full material storage and retrieval mechanism comprises a first stacking space surrounded by the columns (2) and capable of vertically stacking full material trays (21); and a pick-up and limit assembly arranged on both sides of the first stacking space on the bottom plate (1) and capable of removing the bottommost trays (21) one by one and limiting the downward movement of the second-to-last tray (21); and the empty material storage and retrieval mechanism comprises a first stacking space surrounded by the columns (2) and capable of vertically stacking empty material trays (21). The invention relates to a second stacking space and a telescopic supporting part which is telescopically arranged on both sides of the second stacking space on the bottom plate (1) and supported on the bottom of the lowest tray (21); the loading and unloading mechanism comprises a frame (13) which moves back and forth on the bottom plate (1), a support plate (14) which is vertically lifted on the frame (13) and used for receiving or delivering the tray (21), and a driving mechanism which drives the frame (13) to move; the frame (13) is driven by the driving mechanism to move to a parking position in the first stacking space or in the second stacking space or outside the first stacking space and the second stacking space.

2. According to claim 1, the integrated automatic vertical warehouse with high space utilization is characterized by: The pick-up limit assembly comprises a first fixed frame (3) fixed on the bottom plate (1), a fixed pressing assembly fixed on the first fixed frame (3) and capable of horizontal extension and pressing against the side wall of a tray (21) at a corresponding height after being extended, and a lifting seat (22) vertically guided and lifted on the first fixed frame (3), the lifting seat (22) being provided with a movable pressing assembly capable of horizontal extension and pressing against the side wall of the lowermost tray (21) after being extended, and the movable pressing assembly being provided with a first supporting member (27) capable of abutting against the bottom of the lowermost tray (21) or being separated from the tray (21).

3. The high space utilization integrated automatic vertical warehouse according to claim 2 is characterized by: The movable pressing assembly comprises a first pressing plate (26), a first driving cylinder (24) for driving the first pressing plate (26) to extend and retract, and a first buffer matching assembly for driving the first pressing plate (26) to elastically press against the side wall of the tray (21).

4. The high space utilization integrated automatic vertical warehouse according to claim 3 is characterized by: The first buffer matching component comprises a first mounting plate (25) vertically fixed to the end of the piston rod of the first driving cylinder (24), a first guide column (28) protruding parallel to the first abutment plate (26) on one side facing the first mounting plate (25) and guidingly plugged with the first mounting plate (25), and a first limiting block (29) arranged at one end of the first guide column (28) away from the first abutment plate (26) to limit the first guide column (28) from being separated from the first mounting plate (25), and a first elastic buffer component (30) is sleeved on the first guide column (28) at both ends of which are elastically abutted against the first abutment plate (26) and the first mounting plate (25) respectively.

5. The high space utilization integrated automatic vertical warehouse according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A groove (261) is recessed downward on the upper end surface of the first abutment plate (26). The first support member (27) comprises a counterweight block (271) rotatably arranged in the groove (261) and a support block (272) vertically protruding from one side of the counterweight block (271) and extending outside the first abutment plate (26). The support block (272) can be turned up to allow the tray (21) to pass through from bottom to top or turned down to fit with the bottom of the groove (261). The counterweight block (271) drives the support block (272) to be in a state where the bottom is in contact with the bottom of the groove (261) in a normal state.

6. The high space utilization integrated automatic vertical warehouse according to claim 3 is characterized by: The fixed pressing assembly comprises a second pressing plate (31), a second driving cylinder (32) for driving the second pressing plate (31) to extend and retract, and a second buffer matching assembly for driving the second pressing plate (31) to elastically press against the side wall of the tray (21).

7. The high space utilization integrated automatic vertical warehouse according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic supporting portion comprises a third abutment plate (35), a third driving cylinder (38) for driving the third abutment plate (35) to be telescopic, and a third buffer matching assembly for driving the third abutment plate (35) to be elastically pressed against the side wall of the tray (21); a second support member (36) having the same structure as the first support member (27) is rotatably arranged on the third abutment plate (35).

8. The high space utilization integrated automatic vertical warehouse according to claim 1 is characterized by: The driving mechanism comprises a driving wheel (9) and a driven wheel (10) rotating at two ends of a base plate (1), a driving motor (11) driving the driving wheel (9) to rotate, and a synchronous belt (12) tensioned and wound around the driving wheel (9) and the driven wheel (10); sliders (6) are arranged in parallel on both sides of the lower end of a frame (13); a guide rail (5) for guiding the slider (6) to slide thereon is fixed at the upper end of the base plate (1); and the slider (6) is fixed on the synchronous belt (12).

9. The high space utilization integrated automatic vertical warehouse according to claim 8, characterized in that: A pressing mechanism for limiting the displacement of a tray (21) is arranged on the support plate (14), and the pressing mechanism comprises an assembly seat (18) fixed at two sides of the support plate (14) in an offset manner, a pressing plate (17) rotatably arranged on the assembly seat (18), and a driving component for driving the pressing plate (17) to rotate forward and reversely to press or move away from the tray (21) above the support plate (14).

10. The high space utilization integrated automatic vertical warehouse according to claim 9, characterized in that: The driving component is a fourth driving cylinder (15). The cylinder body of the fourth driving cylinder (15) is hinged to the lower end surface of the support plate (14) at one end away from the piston rod thereof and a screw rod (16) is fixed to the end of the piston rod. The end of the pressure plate (17) away from the lower pressing end thereof is vertically folded downward to form a matching plate (19). The pressure plate (17) is hinged to the assembly seat (18) through the matching plate (19). The matching plate (19) is provided with a clearance groove (191) for the screw rod (16) to pass through and for the screw rod (16) to slide when the cylinder body of the fourth driving cylinder (15) is turned over. Limiting nuts (20) are provided on both sides of the clearance groove (191) on the screw rod (16). A matching clearance exists between the limiting nuts (20) so that the screw rod (16) can be turned over at a certain angle relative to the matching plate (19).

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