Method for directly producing crude copper from copper oxide concentrate

Abstract

The invention belongs to the metal smelting industry, and particularly relates to a method for directly producing crude copper from copper oxide concentrate. The copper oxide concentrate is quantitatively and continuously added into a converting furnace with a spray gun in proportion to be subjected to converting together with copper matte, crude copper, converting slag and flue gas are generated, the produced crude copper is further refined, the produced converting slag is returned to a smelting and batching system, the flue gas is subjected to dust collection, then smoke dust is returned for treatment, and the flue gas is used for preparing acid. The production method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low investment, low energy consumption, low cost, good environmental friendliness, high automation degree and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the metal smelting industry, and in particular relates to a method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate. Background Art

[0002] The copper ore in nature is mainly copper sulfide ore and copper oxide ore. After flotation, it becomes copper sulfide concentrate and copper oxide concentrate. Copper sulfide concentrate is basically treated by pyrometallurgy, while most of copper oxide concentrate is treated by hydrometallurgy. Common copper oxide minerals are malachite CuCO3·Cu(OH)2 and azurite 2CuCO3·Cu(OH)2, followed by cuprite Cu2O. The main components of copper oxide concentrate are Cu: 10-50%, Fe: 0.5-10%, S: 0.1-6, SiO2: 20-50%. Copper oxide concentrate is usually treated by sulfuric acid leaching. For some low-grade copper sulfide concentrate, bacterial leaching or heap leaching is also used.

[0003] In the process of treating copper oxide by the existing wet process of copper oxide concentrate, the production cost is high and a large amount of wastewater is generated, which brings great challenges to achieving zero discharge of industrial wastewater; the existing copper oxide concentrate can also be treated by pyrometallurgical process. Although the carbon reduction method in the pyrometallurgical process is simple and can directly produce crude copper, it not only requires a large amount of heat to melt the copper oxide ore and maintain a high temperature of more than 1200°C, but also consumes a large amount of coke, which is costly. The invention patent application with application publication number CN117701901A discloses a method for self-heating smelting of copper oxide ore matte, which uses copper oxide ore added with sulfide ore as the furnace mineral, blows in industrial pure oxygen, and uses the heat released by the oxidation reaction of the sulfide ore as the heat source to complete the self-heating smelting of copper oxide ore matte. By controlling the sulfur content of the ore entering the furnace, the concentration of the industrial pure oxygen blown in, and the water content of the ore entering the furnace, the self-heating smelting of the copper oxide ore matte is realized. This method realizes the self-heating smelting of copper oxide ore matte and produces copper matte, but the process is relatively long. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention solves the problem of long pyrometallurgical process flow of existing copper oxide concentrate and provides a production method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate. The production method of the present invention has the advantages of convenient operation, low investment, low energy consumption and low cost.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The invention discloses a method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate, comprising the following steps: The copper oxide concentrate is continuously added in a proportional and quantitative manner into a blowing furnace equipped with a spray gun for blowing together with copper matte to generate crude copper, blowing slag and flue gas. The crude copper is further refined, and the blowing slag is returned to the smelting batching system. The flue gas is returned for treatment after dust collection, and the flue gas is used to make acid.

[0006] In specific implementation, a batching belt can be added to the existing copper smelting furnace using copper matte to continuously add copper oxide concentrate to the smelting furnace with a spray gun in a proportional and quantitative manner, and smelt together with the copper matte added in normal copper smelting production. That is, copper oxide concentrate is added to the smelting furnace using copper matte to produce crude copper; when adding copper oxide concentrate, quartz is no longer added.

[0007] In the present invention, malachite CuCO3·Cu(OH)2 and azurite 2CuCO3·Cu(OH)2 in the copper oxide mineral decompose into Cu2O, CO2 and 2H2O at high temperature, the decomposed Cu2O reacts with Cu2O in the copper oxide ore cuprite and Cu2S in the copper matte to generate Cu and SO2, the silicon dioxide in the copper oxide concentrate reacts with the ferrous oxide generated by oxidation of ferrous sulfide in the copper matte to produce ferrous silicate, and crude copper, blowing slag and flue gas are produced, the crude copper produced is further refined, the blowing slag produced is returned to the smelting batching system, the flue gas is returned for treatment after dust collection, and the flue gas is used for acid production. The main reactions of the copper oxide concentrate and the copper matte during coordinated blowing in the furnace are as follows: CuCO3·Cu(OH)2=2Cu2O+CO2+H2O 2CuCO3·Cu(OH)2=3Cu2O+2CO2+H2O 2Cu2S+3O2=2Cu2O+2SO2 Cu2S+2Cu2O=6Cu+CO2 2FeS+3O2=2FeO+2SO2 2FeO+SiO2=2FeO·SiO2 In a further embodiment, the copper oxide content in the continuously added copper oxide concentrate is equal to the copper sulfide content in the copper matte entering the converting furnace per hour = 0.1 to 2. The addition rate of the continuously added copper oxide concentrate is 1.3 to 13.5 t / h.

[0008] In a further embodiment, the converting furnace with a lance is a bottom-blowing converting furnace, a side-blowing converting furnace, or a multi-lance top-blowing converting furnace.

[0009] In a further embodiment, the copper matte can be hot copper matte or cold copper matte. The copper matte is quantitative (that is, the amount of copper oxide concentrate that can be added is calculated based on the amount of copper matte added, and the oxygen-to-material ratio is calculated). The copper matte can be added continuously or intermittently.

[0010] In a further embodiment, the blowing slag making utilizes silicon dioxide in the copper oxide concentrate, and auxiliary materials such as quartz or stone are no longer added during the blowing process.

[0011] In a further embodiment, during the blowing process, the oxygen concentration of the spray gun is 30-50% to ensure the thermal balance of the blowing furnace; the oxygen-to-material ratio is: 120-155Nm 3 / t. The heat required for blowing in the present invention is provided by the heat released by the oxidation reaction of copper matte and the mutual reaction of copper matte and copper oxide, and the temperature during blowing reaches 1180-1300°C.

[0012] The positive beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The technical solution of the present invention utilizes cuprous oxide in copper oxide concentrate to directly react with cuprous sulfide, thereby reducing the oxygen used to oxidize cuprous sulfide to generate cuprous oxide and saving costs.

[0013] 2. The technical solution of the present invention utilizes the high silicon dioxide content in the copper oxide concentrate, and no quartz or stone is added for slag making during the blowing process, thereby saving costs.

[0014] 3. The technical solution of the present invention ensures the thermal balance of the furnace by controlling the oxygen concentration of the spray gun, thereby saving fuel and reducing costs and energy consumption.

[0015] 4. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the addition of copper oxide concentrate can be directly added to the existing copper smelting production, which basically eliminates the processing cost of copper oxide concentrate and increases the copper output, thereby indirectly saving the production cost of copper produced normally and reducing the energy consumption of copper produced normally. At the same time, the existing equipment can be directly used for production, saving investment.

[0016] 6. The technical solution of the present invention has quantitative and continuous material feeding, stable production, good environmental protection conditions and high degree of automation.

[0017] 7. The present invention adopts pyrometallurgical equipment for treatment, and no waste water is generated.

[0018] In summary, the present invention has significant economic and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Flow chart for direct production of blister copper from copper oxide concentrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate of the present invention comprises the following two methods: A: Add the copper oxide concentrate and copper matte to a blowing furnace with a spray gun for direct blowing to generate crude copper, blowing slag and flue gas. The crude copper is further refined, and the blowing slag is returned to the smelting batching system. The flue gas is returned for treatment after dust collection, and the flue gas is used for acid production. The copper oxide concentrate contains 20% copper and 30% silicon. The copper oxide concentrate is continuously added at a rate of 3t / h. The copper matte contains 70% copper and is continuously added at a rate of 25t / h. The oxygen concentration of the spray gun is 33%, and the oxygen-to-material ratio is 145Nm 3 / t.

[0022] B: Add copper oxide concentrate to the existing copper smelting furnace using copper matte for production. When copper matte is used for copper smelting, the copper matte used contains 70% copper, the copper matte is added at a rate of 25t / h continuously, and 4% quartz, 28% oxygen concentration of the spray gun, and 165Nm 3 / t.

[0023] The copper matte is continuously hot and enters the bottom blowing furnace for normal blowing production. The production of copper oxide concentrate is increased, and quartz is no longer added. Copper oxide concentrate containing 20% ​​copper and 30% silicon is continuously added to the added batching belt at a rate of 3t / h. The oxygen concentration of the spray gun is adjusted to 33%, and the oxygen-to-material ratio is adjusted to 145Nm 3 / t of copper matte and copper oxide concentrate are processed together to produce blister copper, converting slag and flue gas. The blister copper is further refined, and the converting slag is returned to the smelting batching system. The flue gas is returned for treatment after dust collection, and the flue gas is used to make acid.

[0024] Example 2 The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate of the present invention comprises the following two methods: A: Add the copper oxide concentrate and copper matte to a blowing furnace with a spray gun for direct blowing to generate crude copper, blowing slag and flue gas. The crude copper is further refined, and the blowing slag is returned to the smelting batching system. The flue gas is dusted and then returned for treatment. The flue gas is used for acid production. The copper oxide concentrate contains 30% copper and 50% silicon. The copper oxide concentrate is continuously added at a rate of 1.8t / h. The copper matte contains 70% copper and is continuously added at a rate of 25t / h. The oxygen concentration of the spray gun is 30%, and the oxygen-to-material ratio is 152Nm 3 / t.

[0025] B: Add copper oxide concentrate to the existing copper smelting furnace using copper matte for production. When copper matte is used for copper smelting, the copper matte used contains 70% copper, the copper matte is added at a rate of 25t / h continuously, and 4% quartz, 28% oxygen concentration of the spray gun, and 165Nm 3 / t.

[0026] The copper matte is continuously hot and enters the bottom blowing furnace for normal blowing production. The production of copper oxide concentrate is increased, and quartz is no longer added. Copper oxide concentrate containing 30% copper and 50% silicon is continuously added to the added batching belt at a rate of 1.8 t / h. The oxygen concentration of the spray gun is adjusted to 30%, and the oxygen-to-material ratio is adjusted to 152 Nm 3 / t of copper matte and copper oxide concentrate are processed together to produce blister copper, converting slag and flue gas. The blister copper is further refined, and the converting slag is returned to the smelting batching system. The flue gas is returned for treatment after dust collection, and the flue gas is used to make acid.

[0027] Example 3 The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate of the present invention comprises the following two methods: A: Add the copper oxide concentrate and copper matte to a blowing furnace with a spray gun for direct blowing to generate crude copper, blowing slag and flue gas. The crude copper is further refined, and the blowing slag is returned to the smelting batching system. The flue gas is dusted and then returned for treatment. The flue gas is used for acid production. The copper oxide concentrate contains 25% copper and 30% silicon. The copper oxide concentrate is continuously added at a rate of 6t / h. The copper matte contains 70% copper and is continuously added at a rate of 50t / h. The oxygen concentration of the spray gun is 35%, and the oxygen-to-material ratio is 140Nm 3 / t.

[0028] B: Add copper oxide concentrate to the existing copper smelting furnace using copper matte for production. When copper matte is used for copper smelting, the copper matte used contains 70% copper, the copper matte is added at a rate of 50t / h continuously, and 4% quartz, 30% oxygen concentration of the spray gun, and 160Nm 3 / t.

[0029] The cold copper matte continuously enters the bottom blowing furnace for normal blowing production. The production of copper oxide concentrate is increased, and quartz is no longer added. Copper oxide concentrate containing 25% copper and 30% silicon is continuously added to the added batching belt at a rate of 6 t / h. The oxygen concentration of the spray gun is adjusted to 35%, and the oxygen-to-material ratio is adjusted to 140 Nm 3 / t of copper matte and copper oxide concentrate are processed together to produce blister copper, converting slag and flue gas. The blister copper is further refined, and the converting slag is returned to the smelting batching system. The flue gas is returned for treatment after dust collection, and the flue gas is used to make acid.

[0030] Example 4 The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate of the present invention comprises the following two methods: A: Add the copper oxide concentrate and copper matte to a blowing furnace with a spray gun for direct blowing to generate crude copper, blowing slag and flue gas. The crude copper is further refined, and the blowing slag is returned to the smelting batching system. The flue gas is dusted and then returned for treatment. The flue gas is used for acid production. The copper oxide concentrate contains 20% copper and 30% silicon. The copper oxide concentrate is continuously added at a rate of 6t / h. The copper matte contains 60% copper and is continuously added at a rate of 25t / h. The oxygen concentration of the spray gun is 40%, and the oxygen-to-material ratio is 127Nm 3 / t.

[0031] B: Add copper oxide concentrate to the existing copper smelting furnace using copper matte for production. When copper matte is used for copper smelting, the copper matte used contains 60% copper, the copper matte is added at a rate of 25t / h continuously, and 8% quartz, 35% oxygen concentration of the spray gun, and 162Nm 3 / t.

[0032] The hot copper matte is continuously fed into the side-blown converting furnace for normal converting production. The production of copper oxide concentrate is increased, and quartz is no longer added. Copper oxide concentrate containing 20% ​​copper and 30% silicon is continuously added to the added batching belt at a rate of 6 t / h. The oxygen concentration of the spray gun is adjusted to 40%, and the oxygen-to-material ratio is adjusted to 127 Nm 3 / t of copper matte and copper oxide concentrate are processed together to produce blister copper, converting slag and flue gas. The blister copper is further refined, and the converting slag is returned to the smelting batching system. The flue gas is returned for treatment after dust collection, and the flue gas is used to make acid.

[0033] Example 5 The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate of the present invention comprises the following two methods: A: Add the copper oxide concentrate and copper matte to a blowing furnace with a spray gun for direct blowing to generate crude copper, blowing slag and flue gas. The crude copper is further refined, and the blowing slag is returned to the smelting batching system. The flue gas is dusted and then returned for treatment. The flue gas is used for acid production. The copper oxide concentrate contains 30% copper and 30% silicon. The copper oxide concentrate is continuously added at a rate of 2.4t / h. The copper matte contains 72% copper. The copper matte is continuously added at a rate of 20t / h. The oxygen concentration of the spray gun is 36%, and the oxygen-to-material ratio is 145Nm 3 / t.

[0034] B: Add copper oxide concentrate to the existing copper smelting furnace using copper matte for production. When copper matte is used for copper smelting, the copper matte used contains 72% copper, the copper matte is added at a rate of 20t / h continuously, and 2% quartz, 32% oxygen concentration of the spray gun, and 165Nm 3 / t.

[0035] The hot copper matte is continuously fed into the multi-gun top-blowing furnace for normal blowing production. The production of copper oxide concentrate is increased, and quartz is no longer added. Copper oxide concentrate containing 30% copper and 30% silicon is continuously added to the added batching belt at a rate of 2.4 t / h. The oxygen concentration of the spray gun is adjusted to 36%, and the oxygen-to-material ratio is adjusted to 145 Nm 3 / t of copper matte and copper oxide concentrate are processed together to produce blister copper, converting slag and flue gas. The blister copper is further refined, and the converting slag is returned to the smelting batching system. The flue gas is returned for treatment after dust collection, and the flue gas is used to make acid.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The copper oxide concentrate is continuously added into a blowing furnace with a lance and blown together with copper matte to produce blister copper, blowing slag and flue gas. The blister copper is further refined and the blowing slag is returned to the smelting batching system. The flue gas is returned for treatment after dust collection and acid is produced by the flue gas.

2. The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper oxide content in the continuously added copper oxide concentrate is: the copper sulfide content in the copper matte entering the converting furnace every hour = 0.1~2.

3. The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The addition rate of the continuously added copper oxide concentrate is 1.3 to 13.5 t / h.

4. The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The converting furnace with a spray gun is a bottom blowing converting furnace, a side blowing converting furnace or a multi-gun top blowing converting furnace.

5. The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper matte is hot copper matte or cold copper matte.

6. The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper matte is added continuously or intermittently.

7. The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the blowing process, the oxygen concentration of the spray gun is 30-50% to ensure the thermal balance of the blowing furnace.

8. The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate according to claim 7, characterized in that: Oxygen-to-material ratio: 120~155Nm 3 / t.

9. The method for directly producing blister copper from copper oxide concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a converting furnace using copper matte to smelt copper, copper oxide concentrate is added to produce blister copper; when the copper oxide concentrate is added, quartz is no longer added.

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