Sand-gravel-cobble body anti-cracking protection equipment and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dam protection related to hydraulic engineering, and discloses sand-gravel-cobble body anti-cracking protection equipment and a method thereof.The sand-gravel-cobble body anti-cracking protection equipment comprises a sand-gravel-cobble dam body, a foundation layer is arranged at the lower end of the sand-gravel-cobble dam body, and a concrete base layer is laid on the upstream face of the sand-gravel-cobble dam body; a composite geomembrane is laid on the inclined face of the concrete base layer, a metal net is laid on the inclined face of the composite geomembrane, a concrete guniting layer is laid on the inclined face of the metal net, and an anti-cracking protection assembly is arranged on the inclined face of the concrete guniting layer. According to the anti-cracking protection device, the internal space of the extruded third hollow elastic piece and the extruded second hollow elastic piece is continuously close to the volume of a solution, so that the buffering effect of the second hollow elastic piece and the third hollow elastic piece is improved, and the buffering effect of the anti-cracking protection assembly is adjusted according to the impact force of water flow on the protection plate; and the anti-cracking protection effect on the sand-gravel-cobble dam main body is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field related to dam protection of water conservancy projects, and more specifically, particularly relates to a sand and gravel body anti-cracking protection device and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A hydraulic dam is a common water retaining structure used to intercept water flow in rivers and canals to raise water levels or regulate flow. It can intercept upstream floods during flood seasons to prevent downstream areas from being affected by floods, and can also use the water stored in the dam to release water to the downstream to alleviate drought during drought seasons. Therefore, the dam plays a very important role in protecting humans from natural floods and droughts. Among them, crack prevention of gravel dams is an important engineering issue, involving the stability, safety and durability of the dam. However, the existing gravel dam crack prevention protection equipment has the following defects: 1. In the prior art, the traditional gravel dam body generally sets a reinforcement structure on the back of the water-facing surface to improve the impact resistance of the gravel dam body. However, this method relies on the strength of the gravel dam body itself to resist the impact of water flow. The impact force on the water-facing side is relatively large, especially when the water flow is large, which easily causes the upper weak position of the gravel dam body to be damaged and ruptured; 2. In the prior art, the anti-crack protection equipment for gravel and gravel bodies has an insignificant buffering effect on water flow, and cannot guarantee the stability of protection. In addition, the water flow impact force on the water-facing surface of the gravel and gravel dam is generally relatively large. Especially when the water flow is large, the rapid water flow will bring a strong impact force to the gravel and gravel dam body, which is very likely to cause damage and rupture of the gravel and gravel dam body. 3. In the prior art, the anti-crack protection equipment for the gravel and pebble body cannot adjust the buffering effect according to the impact force of the water flow when buffering the water flow, which makes it difficult for the anti-crack protection component to fully buffer the water flow. The rapid water flow will bring a strong impact force to the gravel and pebble dam body, which can easily cause damage and rupture of the gravel and pebble dam body.

[0003] Therefore, in view of this, the existing structure and defects are studied and improved, and a sand and gravel body anti-cracking protection device and method are provided, in order to achieve a more practical and valuable purpose. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a sand-pebble-gravel body anti-cracking protection device and a method thereof, which are used to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

[0005] The purpose and effect of the sand and gravel body crack prevention protection device and method of the present invention are achieved by the following specific technical means: A sand and gravel body anti-cracking protection device and method thereof, comprising a sand and gravel dam body, a ground base being provided at the lower end of the sand and gravel dam body, a concrete base being paved on the water-facing surface of the sand and gravel dam body, a composite geomembrane being paved on the inclined surface of the concrete base, a metal mesh being paved on the inclined surface of the composite geomembrane, a concrete shotcrete layer being paved on the inclined surface of the metal mesh, an anti-cracking protection component being provided on the inclined surface of the concrete shotcrete layer; the anti-cracking protection component comprising a protective plate, a plurality of buffer components being provided between the protective plate and the concrete shotcrete layer, a first hollow elastic member being connected between two adjacent buffer components, a second hollow elastic member being connected between each of the first hollow elastic members and the protective plate, and each of the first hollow elastic members A third hollow elastic member is provided in the middle of the interior, two V-shaped elastic members are respectively connected to the two sides of the interior of the first hollow elastic member on both sides of each of the third hollow elastic members, and the interior of each of the third hollow elastic members is interconnected with the interior of the second hollow elastic member and is provided with a connecting channel; the buffer assembly comprises a first fixed frame, the first fixed frame is fixed to the lower side of the protective plate, a first slide plate is slidably provided inside the first fixed frame, a first spring is connected between one end of the first slide plate and the interior of the first fixed frame, two guide blocks are respectively fixedly provided on both sides of the first fixed frame, and a plurality of pairs of movable plates are slidably provided on the concrete spraying layer, and one end of each pair of movable plates is respectively in contact with one side inclined surface of the two guide blocks.

[0006] Two first T-shaped blocks are fixedly provided at the other end of each pair of the movable plates, each pair of the first T-shaped blocks slides horizontally on the concrete spraying layer, and a second spring is connected to one side of each pair of the first T-shaped blocks close to each other.

[0007] According to a further technical solution, the other end of the first sliding plate is fixedly connected to the inclined surface of the concrete spraying layer, and an elastic block is connected between the lower end of the protective plate and the lower end of the concrete spraying layer, wherein the elastic block is used to buffer the lower part of the protective plate.

[0008] A further technical solution is that a plurality of second T-shaped blocks are fixedly provided at the lower end of the protective plate, a plurality of slide grooves are provided inside the base layer, each of the second T-shaped blocks slides horizontally inside the slide groove, two first rubber blocks are fixedly provided at both sides of the lower end of each second T-shaped block, two second rubber blocks are provided at both sides inside the slide groove, and the sides of the two second rubber blocks that are close to each other are in contact with the inclined surfaces of the sides of the two first rubber blocks that are away from each other.

[0009] According to a further technical solution, two third slide plates are slidably disposed on both sides of the interior of each slide groove, and the two third slide plates are fixedly connected to the two second rubber blocks respectively.

[0010] In a further technical solution, two fourth hollow elastic members are connected between the two third slide plates and the two sides of the slide groove, and each of the fourth hollow elastic members is interconnected with the interior of the first hollow elastic member. The interior of the first hollow elastic member is interconnected with the interior of the fourth hollow elastic member through a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe passes through the interior of the elastic block.

[0011] According to a further technical solution, two second fixed frames are fixedly provided on the lower sides of both ends of the protective plate, two second slide plates are slidably provided inside the two second fixed frames, and two third springs are provided at one ends of the two second slide plates connected to the inside of the two second fixed frames.

[0012] According to a further technical solution, a plurality of water retaining strips are arranged on the lower inclined surface of the protective plate, and a plurality of water guiding blocks are arranged obliquely on the upper inclined surface of the protective plate.

[0013] According to a further technical solution, a wave-proof guard plate is fixedly provided on the upper end of the concrete shotcrete layer.

[0014] A method for preventing cracking of a sand and gravel body comprises the following steps: S: Surface cleaning: the surface of the sand and gravel dam needs to be cleaned to remove impurities and loose particles on the surface to ensure that the surface is flat and clean; S: Construction of protective layer: Construction of protective layer on the surface of the gravel dam; the protective layer can be made of concrete, asphalt and other materials. During construction, the thickness and uniformity of the protective layer should be ensured to achieve good durability and crack resistance; S: Installation of anti-crack protection components: anti-crack protection components are installed on the surface of the protective layer; the installation position and quantity of anti-crack protection components should be determined according to actual conditions to ensure that they can effectively enhance the wear resistance and impact resistance of the sand, gravel and stone dam body; S: Maintenance and inspection. After the anti-crack protection components are installed, maintenance work is required to ensure the strength and stability of the protective layer. At the same time, the sand and gravel dam body should be inspected and maintained regularly to promptly detect and deal with potential cracks and damage.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The sand, gravel and rock body crack prevention protection device and method of the present invention improve the overall anti-seepage performance of the sand, gravel and rock dam body through the setting of concrete base and composite geomembrane, and the assembly connection operation is simple and the construction is convenient. Then, through the setting of metal mesh and concrete spraying layer, the metal mesh is fixed on the concrete base by fastening bolts, so that the metal mesh and the composite geomembrane are mutually attached; then, concrete spraying is performed, and then a concrete spraying layer is formed on the outside of the metal mesh, further improving the anti-cracking and anti-seepage performance of the sand, gravel and rock dam body. Finally, through the setting of protective plates, water retaining strips and water guide blocks, when the water flow contacts the protective plates, the flow first impacts several water retaining strips, and the water flow is buffered and blocked by the several water retaining strips. At the same time, when the upper water body impacts several water guide blocks, the several water guide blocks divert the water body, so that the water flow is diverted along the two sides of the several water guide blocks, thereby effectively reducing the direct impact force of the water flow on the sand, gravel and rock dam body, and improving the impact resistance of the sand, gravel and rock dam body.

[0016] The present invention provides a sand and gravel body crack protection device and method. Through the arrangement of the first hollow elastic member and the second hollow elastic member, the protective plate moves to squeeze the first hollow elastic members and the second hollow elastic members. The first hollow elastic members and the second hollow elastic members are squeezed to generate elastic force. Under the elastic force of the first hollow elastic members and the second hollow elastic members, the protective plate is preliminarily buffered. Then, through the arrangement of the first fixed frame, the first slide plate, the first spring, the second fixed frame, the second slide plate, and the third spring, the movement of the protective plate drives the movement of the first fixed frame and the second fixed frame. The movement of the first fixed frame cooperates with the first slide plate to be supported by the concrete spraying layer, thereby compressing the first spring to generate elastic force; and the movement of the second fixed frame cooperates with the second slide plate to be supported by the concrete spraying layer, thereby compressing the third spring to generate elastic force; under the elastic force of the first spring and the third spring, the protective plate is buffered. Finally, through the arrangement of the guide block, the movable plate, the V-shaped elastic member, the third hollow elastic member and the connecting channel, the movement of the protective plate drives the first fixed frames and the pairs of guide blocks to move, and one side of each pair of guide blocks contacts the inclined surface of one end of the corresponding two movable plates, so that each pair of guide blocks moves to make the two relatively movable plates move away from each other; each two movable plates move away from each other to extrude and deform the two first hollow elastic members respectively, and the first hollow elastic member is subjected to the extrusion force which is transmitted to the third hollow elastic member through the V-shaped elastic member, so that the solution in the third hollow elastic member enters the second hollow elastic member through the connecting channel, and the internal space of the third hollow elastic member and the second hollow elastic member after being squeezed continuously approaches the volume of the solution, so as to improve the buffering effect of the second hollow elastic member and the third hollow elastic member, which is beneficial to adjust the buffering effect of the anti-cracking protection component according to the impact force of the water flow on the protective plate, and improve the anti-cracking protection effect on the main body of the gravel dam.

[0017] The present invention provides a sand and gravel body crack prevention protection device and method. Through the arrangement of the second T-block, the slide groove, the first rubber block, and the second rubber block, the movement of the protective plate drives the second T-blocks to slide horizontally in the slide grooves respectively, and the sides of the two second rubber blocks that are close to each other are respectively in contact with the inclined surfaces of the sides of the two first rubber blocks that are away from each other, so that the resistance encountered by the second T-blocks during the movement is continuously increased, which is beneficial to improving the buffering effect of the crack prevention protection component. Then, through the arrangement of the third slide plate and the fourth hollow elastic member, the movement of the protective plate squeezes and deforms the first hollow elastic members, so that the solutions in the first hollow elastic members enter the corresponding fourth hollow elastic members respectively; each pair of fourth hollow elastic members expands and pushes the two third slide plates and the second rubber blocks to approach each other, thereby increasing the friction between the two first rubber blocks and the two second rubber blocks, and increasing the resistance encountered by the second T-blocks, so that the resistance encountered by the second T-blocks can be adjusted according to the impact force of the water flow on the protective plate, further improving the buffering effect of the crack prevention protection component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 It is an isometric structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the local enlarged view at D in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at the middle BB; Figure 6 for Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the local enlarged view at E in the middle; Figure 7 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the anti-crack protection component in the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure at CC in the middle; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the local enlarged view at G in the middle; Fig.10 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the local enlarged view at H in the middle.

[0021] Description of reference numerals: The gravel dam body 10, the concrete base 11, the composite geomembrane 12, the metal mesh 13, the concrete spraying layer 14, the wave-proof guard plate 15, the protective plate 16, the water retaining strip 17, the water guide block 18, the first fixed frame 19, the first slide plate 20, the first spring 21, the elastic block 22, the guide block 23, the movable plate 24, the first T-block 25, the second spring 26, the first hollow elastic member 27, the second hollow elastic member 28, the third hollow elastic member 29, the connecting channel 30, the V-shaped elastic member 31, the second fixed frame 32, the second slide plate 33, the third spring 34, the base layer 35, the second T-block 36, the first rubber block 37, the second rubber block 38, the third slide plate 39, the fourth hollow elastic member 40, and the slide 41. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] As attached Figure 1 To Attachment Fig.10 As shown: The invention provides a sand-pebble-gravel body anti-cracking protection device and a method thereof.

[0026] Refer to the attached Figure 1 To Attachment Fig.10 , including a gravel dam body 10, a foundation layer 35 is provided at the lower end of the gravel dam body 10, a concrete base layer 11 is laid on the water-facing surface of the gravel dam body 10, a composite geomembrane 12 is laid on the slope of the concrete base layer 11, a metal mesh 13 is laid on the slope of the composite geomembrane 12, a concrete shotcrete layer 14 is laid on the slope of the metal mesh 13, and an anti-cracking protection component is provided on the slope of the concrete shotcrete layer 14; the anti-cracking protection component includes a protective plate 16, a plurality of buffer components are provided between the protective plate 16 and the concrete shotcrete layer 14, a first hollow elastic member 27 is connected between two adjacent buffer components, a second hollow elastic member 28 is connected between each first hollow elastic member 27 and the protective plate 16, and a second hollow elastic member 28 is provided in the middle of each first hollow elastic member 27 A third hollow elastic member 29, two V-shaped elastic members 31 are respectively connected between the two sides of each third hollow elastic member 29 and the inner sides of the first hollow elastic member 27, and a connecting channel 30 is provided between the inner part of each third hollow elastic member 29 and the inner part of the second hollow elastic member 28; the buffer assembly includes a first fixed frame 19, the first fixed frame 19 is fixed to the lower side of the protective plate 16, a first slide plate 20 is slidably provided inside the first fixed frame 19, a first spring 21 is connected between one end of the first slide plate 20 and the inner part of the first fixed frame 19, two guide blocks 23 are respectively fixed on both sides of the first fixed frame 19, and a plurality of pairs of movable plates 24 are slidably provided on the concrete spraying layer 14, and one end of each pair of movable plates 24 is respectively in contact with the inclined surfaces of one side of the two guide blocks 23.

[0027] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 8 To Attachment Fig.10 Two first T-blocks 25 are fixedly provided at the other end of each pair of movable plates 24 , and each pair of first T-blocks 25 slides horizontally on the concrete spraying layer 14 . A second spring 26 is connected to one side of each pair of first T-blocks 25 close to each other.

[0028] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 8 To Attachment Fig.10 The other end of the first slide plate 20 is fixedly connected to the inclined surface of the concrete spraying layer 14 , and an elastic block 22 is connected between the lower end of the protective plate 16 and the lower end of the concrete spraying layer 14 .

[0029] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 5 To Attachment Figure 6A plurality of second T-blocks 36 are fixedly provided at the lower end of the protective plate 16, a plurality of slide grooves 41 are provided inside the base layer 35, each second T-block 36 slides horizontally inside the slide groove 41, two first rubber blocks 37 are fixedly provided at both sides of the lower end of each second T-block 36, two second rubber blocks 38 are provided at both sides inside the slide groove 41, and the sides of the two second rubber blocks 38 that are close to each other are in contact with the inclined surfaces of the sides of the two first rubber blocks 37 that are away from each other.

[0030] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 5 To Attachment Figure 6 Two third slide plates 39 are slidably disposed on both sides of each slide groove 41 , and the two third slide plates 39 are fixedly connected to the two second rubber blocks 38 .

[0031] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 5 To Attachment Fig.10 Two fourth hollow elastic members 40 are respectively connected between the two third slide plates 39 and the two sides of the slide groove 41 , and each fourth hollow elastic member 40 is interconnected with the interior of the first hollow elastic member 27 .

[0032] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 8 To Attachment Fig. 9 Two second fixed frames 32 are fixedly provided at the lower sides of both ends of the protective plate 16, and two second slide plates 33 are slidably provided inside the two second fixed frames 32. One end of the two second slide plates 33 is connected to the inside of the two second fixed frames 32 and two third springs 34 are provided.

[0033] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 1 A plurality of water retaining strips 17 are arranged on the lower inclined surface of the protective plate 16, and a plurality of water guide blocks 18 are arranged obliquely on the upper inclined surface of the protective plate 16.

[0034] Preferably, see Attachment Figure 1 A wave-proof guard plate 15 is fixedly provided on the upper end of the concrete shotcrete layer 14 .

[0035] Preferably, a method for preventing cracking of a sand and gravel body comprises the following steps: S1: Surface cleaning: The surface of the sand and gravel dam needs to be cleaned to remove impurities and loose particles on the surface to ensure that the surface is flat and clean; S2: Construction of protective layer: Construction of protective layer on the surface of the gravel dam; the protective layer can be made of concrete, asphalt and other materials. During construction, the thickness and uniformity of the protective layer should be ensured to achieve good durability and crack resistance; S3: Installation of anti-crack protection components: Install anti-crack protection components on the surface of the protective layer; the installation position and quantity of anti-crack protection components should be determined according to actual conditions to ensure that they can effectively enhance the wear resistance and impact resistance of the sand and gravel dam body; S4: Maintenance and inspection. After the anti-crack protection components are installed, maintenance work is required to ensure the strength and stability of the protective layer. At the same time, the sand and gravel dam body should be inspected and maintained regularly to promptly detect and deal with potential cracks and damage.

[0036] Specific use of the present invention: During installation, a concrete base 11 is laid on the water-facing surface of the gravel dam body 10, and a composite geomembrane 12 is laid on the slope of the concrete base 11. The overall anti-seepage performance of the gravel dam body 10 is improved by setting the concrete base 11 and the composite geomembrane 12. The assembly and connection operation is simple and the construction is convenient. The metal mesh 13 is fixed to the concrete base 11 by fastening bolts, so that the metal mesh 13 and the composite geomembrane 12 fit each other; then, concrete spraying is performed, and then a concrete spraying layer 14 is formed on the outside of the metal mesh 13, further improving the anti-cracking and anti-seepage performance of the gravel dam body 10. Finally, an anti-cracking protection component is installed on the slope of the concrete spraying layer 14.

[0037] When encountering water flow impact, the water flow contacts the protection plate 16, and the water flow first impacts the plurality of water retaining strips 17, and the water flow is buffered and blocked by the plurality of water retaining strips 17. At the same time, when the upper water body impacts the plurality of water guide blocks 18, the plurality of water guide blocks 18 divert the water body, so that the water flow is diverted along the two sides of the plurality of water guide blocks 18, thereby effectively reducing the direct impact force of the water flow on the sand and gravel dam body 10 and improving the impact resistance of the sand and gravel dam body 10. The wave-proof guard plate 15 guides the water flow to prevent a large amount of water flow from crossing the sand and gravel dam body 10.

[0038] At the same time, the protective plate 16 is subjected to the impact force of the water flow, so that the protective plate 16 moves. The movement of the protective plate 16 squeezes the first hollow elastic members 27 and the second hollow elastic members 28, and the first hollow elastic members 27 and the second hollow elastic members 28 are squeezed to generate elastic force. Under the elastic force of the first hollow elastic members 27 and the second hollow elastic members 28, the protective plate 16 is initially buffered. Then, the movement of the protective plate 16 drives the first fixed frames 19 and the second fixed frames 32 to move. The first fixed frame 19 moves to cooperate with the first slide plate 20 to be pressed by the concrete spraying layer 14, thereby compressing the first spring 21 to generate elastic force; and the second fixed frame 32 moves to cooperate with the second slide plate 33 to be pressed by the concrete spraying layer 14, thereby compressing the third spring 34 to generate elastic force; under the elastic force of the first springs 21 and the third springs 34, the protective plate 16 is buffered. Then, the movement of the protection plate 16 drives the first fixed frames 19 and the pairs of guide blocks 23 to move, and one side of each pair of guide blocks 23 contacts the inclined surface of one end of the corresponding two movable plates 24, so that each pair of guide blocks 23 moves, so that the two relatively movable plates 24 move away from each other; when the two movable plates 24 move away from each other, the two first hollow elastic members 27 are squeezed and deformed respectively, and the first hollow elastic member 27 is subjected to the squeezing force and transmitted to the third hollow elastic member 29 through the V-shaped elastic member 31, so that the third hollow elastic member 29 is The solution enters the second hollow elastic member 28 through the connecting channel 30, so that there is solution in both the third hollow elastic member 29 and the second hollow elastic member 28, and the internal space after the third hollow elastic member 29 and the second hollow elastic member 28 are squeezed is constantly close to the volume of the solution, so as to improve the buffering effect of the second hollow elastic member 28 and the third hollow elastic member 29, which is conducive to adjusting the buffering effect of the anti-crack protection component according to the impact force of the water flow on the protective plate 16, and improving the anti-crack protection effect of the sand and gravel dam body 10. Among them, the two movable plates 24 move away from each other and drive the two first T-shaped blocks 25 to move away from each other. The two first T-shaped blocks 25 move away from each other to stretch the second spring 26 to generate elastic force. Under the elastic force of the second spring 26, the two first T-shaped blocks 25 move closer to each other. The two first T-shaped blocks 25 move closer to each other and drive the two movable plates 24 to move closer to each other and reset, which is conducive to fully buffering the water flow.

[0039] Finally, the movement of the protective plate 16 drives the second T-blocks 36 to slide horizontally in the slide grooves 41, and the two second rubber blocks 38 approach each other and contact the inclined surfaces of the two first rubber blocks 37 away from each other, so that the resistance of the second T-block 36 during the movement is continuously increased, which is conducive to improving the buffering effect of the anti-crack protection component. The movement of the protective plate 16 squeezes and deforms the first hollow elastic members 27, so that the solutions in the first hollow elastic members 27 enter the corresponding fourth hollow elastic members 40 respectively; each pair of fourth hollow elastic members 40 expands and pushes the two third slide plates 39 and the second rubber blocks 38 to approach each other, thereby increasing the friction between the two first rubber blocks 37 and the two second rubber blocks 38, and increasing the resistance of the second T-block 36, so that the resistance of the second T-block 36 can be adjusted according to the impact force of the water flow on the protective plate 16, further improving the buffering effect of the anti-crack protection component.

[0040] The sand and gravel body crack prevention protection device and method of the present invention improves the overall anti-seepage performance of the sand and gravel dam body 10 by setting a concrete base 11 and a composite geomembrane 12, and the assembly and connection operation is simple and the construction is convenient. Then, by setting a metal mesh 13 and a concrete spraying layer 14, the metal mesh 13 is fixed on the concrete base 11 by fastening bolts, so that the metal mesh 13 and the composite geomembrane 12 are attached to each other; then, concrete spraying is performed, and then a concrete spraying layer 14 is formed on the outside of the metal mesh 13, so as to further improve the anti-cracking and anti-seepage performance of the sand and gravel dam body 10. Finally, through the arrangement of the protective plate 16, the water retaining strips 17 and the water guiding blocks 18, when the water flow contacts the protective plate 16, the flow first impacts the water retaining strips 17, and the water flow is buffered and blocked by the water retaining strips 17. At the same time, when the upper water body impacts the water guiding blocks 18, the water guiding blocks 18 divert the water body, so that the water flow is diverted along the two sides of the water guiding blocks 18, thereby effectively reducing the direct impact force of the water flow on the main body 10 of the gravel dam and improving the impact resistance of the main body 10 of the gravel dam.

[0041] The present invention provides a sand and gravel body anti-cracking protection device and method. Through the arrangement of the first hollow elastic member 27 and the second hollow elastic member 28, the protective plate 16 moves to squeeze the first hollow elastic members 27 and the second hollow elastic members 28. The first hollow elastic members 27 and the second hollow elastic members 28 are squeezed to generate elastic force. Under the action of the elastic force of the first hollow elastic members 27 and the second hollow elastic members 28, the protective plate 16 is initially buffered. Then, through the arrangement of the first fixed frame 19, the first slide plate 20, the first spring 21, the second fixed frame 32, the second slide plate 33, and the third spring 34, the movement of the protective plate 16 drives the first fixed frames 19 and the second fixed frames 32 to move. The first fixed frame 19 moves in coordination with the first slide plate 20 to be supported by the concrete spraying layer 14, thereby compressing the first spring 21 to generate elastic force; and the second fixed frame 32 moves in coordination with the second slide plate 33 to be supported by the concrete spraying layer 14, thereby compressing the third spring 34 to generate elastic force; under the elastic force of the first springs 21 and the third springs 34, the protective plate 16 is buffered. Finally, by setting the guide block 23, the movable plate 24, the V-shaped elastic member 31, the third hollow elastic member 29, and the connecting channel 30, the protective plate 16 moves to drive the first fixed frames 19 and the pairs of guide blocks 23 to move, and one side of each pair of guide blocks 23 contacts the inclined surface of one end of the corresponding two movable plates 24, so that each pair of guide blocks 23 moves to make the two relatively movable plates 24 move away from each other; each two movable plates 24 move away from each other to squeeze and deform the two first hollow elastic members 27 respectively, and the first hollow elastic members 27 are squeezed by the extrusion force through The V-shaped elastic member 31 is transferred to the third hollow elastic member 29, so that the solution in the third hollow elastic member 29 enters the second hollow elastic member 28 through the connecting channel 30, and the internal space after the third hollow elastic member 29 and the second hollow elastic member 28 are squeezed is constantly close to the volume of the solution, so as to improve the buffering effect of the second hollow elastic member 28 and the third hollow elastic member 29, which is beneficial to adjust the buffering effect of the anti-crack protection component according to the impact force of the water flow on the protective plate 16, and improve the anti-crack protection effect on the gravel dam body 10.

[0042] The present invention provides a sand and gravel body anti-cracking protection device and method. Through the arrangement of the second T-block 36, the slide groove 41, the first rubber block 37, and the second rubber block 38, the protection plate 16 moves to drive the plurality of second T-blocks 36 to slide horizontally in the plurality of slide grooves 41 respectively. The sides of the two second rubber blocks 38 that are close to each other are respectively in contact with the inclined surfaces of the sides of the two first rubber blocks 37 that are away from each other, so that the resistance encountered by the second T-block 36 during the movement is continuously increased, which is beneficial to improving the buffering effect of the anti-cracking protection component. By setting the third slide plate 39 and the fourth hollow elastic member 40, the protective plate 16 moves to squeeze and deform the plurality of first hollow elastic members 27, so that the solutions in the plurality of first hollow elastic members 27 enter into the corresponding pairs of fourth hollow elastic members 40 respectively; the expansion of each pair of fourth hollow elastic members 40 pushes the two third slide plates 39 and the second rubber blocks 38 to approach each other, thereby increasing the friction between the two first rubber blocks 37 and the two second rubber blocks 38, and increasing the resistance to the movement of the second T-block 36, so that the resistance to the second T-block 36 can be adjusted according to the impact force of the water flow on the protective plate 16, thereby further improving the buffering effect of the anti-crack protection component.

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A sand and gravel body anti-cracking protection device, characterized by: The invention comprises a gravel dam body (10), wherein a foundation layer (35) is provided at the lower end of the gravel dam body (10), a concrete foundation layer (11) is laid on the water-facing surface of the gravel dam body (10), a composite geomembrane (12) is laid on the inclined surface of the concrete foundation layer (11), a metal mesh (13) is laid on the inclined surface of the composite geomembrane (12), a concrete shotcrete layer (14) is laid on the inclined surface of the metal mesh (13), and an anti-cracking protection component is provided on the inclined surface of the concrete shotcrete layer (14); The anti-cracking protection component comprises a protection plate (16), a plurality of buffer components are arranged between the protection plate (16) and the concrete spraying layer (14), a first hollow elastic component (27) is connected between two adjacent buffer components, a second hollow elastic component (28) is connected between each of the first hollow elastic components (27) and the protection plate (16), a third hollow elastic component (29) is arranged in the middle of each of the first hollow elastic components (27), two V-shaped elastic components (31) are respectively connected between the two sides of each of the third hollow elastic components (29) and the two sides of the interior of the first hollow elastic component (27), and a connecting channel (30) is arranged between the interior of each of the third hollow elastic components (29) and the interior of the second hollow elastic component (28) so as to be in communication with each other; The buffer assembly comprises a first fixed frame (19), the first fixed frame (19) being fixed to the lower side of the protective plate (16), a first slide plate (20) being slidably arranged inside the first fixed frame (19), a first spring (21) being connected between one end of the first slide plate (20) and the inside of the first fixed frame (19), two guide blocks (23) being fixedly arranged on both sides of the first fixed frame (19), a plurality of pairs of movable plates (24) being slidably arranged on the concrete spraying layer (14), one end of each pair of movable plates (24) being in contact with one side inclined surface of the two guide blocks (23) respectively.

2. The sand and gravel body anti-cracking protection device according to claim 1 is characterized by: Two first T-shaped blocks (25) are fixedly provided at the other end of each pair of the movable plates (24), and each pair of the first T-shaped blocks (25) slides horizontally on the concrete spraying layer (14). A second spring (26) is connected to one side of each pair of the first T-shaped blocks (25) that is close to each other.

3. The sand and gravel body crack prevention protection device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The other end of the first slide plate (20) is fixedly connected to the inclined surface of the concrete spraying layer (14), and an elastic block (22) is connected between the lower end of the protective plate (16) and the lower end of the concrete spraying layer (14).

4. The sand and gravel body crack prevention protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of second T-shaped blocks (36) are fixedly provided at the lower end of the protective plate (16), a plurality of slide grooves (41) are provided inside the base layer (35), each of the second T-shaped blocks (36) slides horizontally inside the slide groove (41), two first rubber blocks (37) are fixedly provided at both sides of the lower end of each second T-shaped block (36), two second rubber blocks (38) are provided at both sides inside the slide groove (41), and the sides of the two second rubber blocks (38) that are close to each other are in contact with the inclined surfaces of the sides of the two first rubber blocks (37) that are away from each other.

5. The sand and gravel body crack prevention protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two third slide plates (39) are slidably disposed on both sides of the interior of each slide groove (41), and the two third slide plates (39) are fixedly connected to the two second rubber blocks (38) respectively.

6. The sand and gravel body crack prevention protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two fourth hollow elastic members (40) are respectively connected between the two third slide plates (39) and the two sides of the slide groove (41), and each of the fourth hollow elastic members (40) is interconnected with the interior of the first hollow elastic member (27).

7. The device and method for preventing cracking of sand and gravel bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two second fixed frames (32) are fixedly provided at the lower sides of both ends of the protective plate (16), two second slide plates (33) are slidably provided inside the two second fixed frames (32), and two third springs (34) are provided at one end of the two second slide plates (33) which are connected to the inside of the two second fixed frames (32).

8. The sand and gravel body crack prevention and protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of water retaining strips (17) are arranged on the lower inclined surface of the protection plate (16), and a plurality of water guide blocks (18) are arranged obliquely on the upper inclined surface of the protection plate (16).

9. The sand and gravel body crack prevention and protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wave-proof guard plate (15) is fixedly provided on the upper end of the concrete shotcrete layer (14).

10. A method for preventing cracking of a sand and gravel body, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Surface cleaning: The surface of the sand and gravel dam needs to be cleaned to remove impurities and loose particles on the surface to ensure that the surface is flat and clean; S2: Construction of protective layer: Construction of protective layer on the surface of the gravel dam; the protective layer can be made of concrete, asphalt and other materials. During construction, the thickness and uniformity of the protective layer should be ensured to achieve good durability and crack resistance; S3: Installation of anti-crack protection components: Install anti-crack protection components on the surface of the protective layer; the installation position and quantity of anti-crack protection components should be determined according to actual conditions to ensure that they can effectively enhance the wear resistance and impact resistance of the sand and gravel dam body; S4: Maintenance and inspection. After the anti-crack protection components are installed, maintenance work is required to ensure the strength and stability of the protective layer. At the same time, the sand and gravel dam body should be inspected and maintained regularly to promptly detect and deal with potential cracks and damage.

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