Rhombic prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure and construction method of rhombic prefabricated frame beam

Abstract

The invention discloses a rhombic prefabricated frame beam with an enclosure structure and a construction method thereof, the frame beam is formed by assembling a prefabricated X beam, a prefabricated oblique beam, a T-shaped steel joint and a prefabricated ground beam through pin joint, threaded pins and other connection modes, and stress release, structural flexibility and adaptability to complex geological conditions are considered in design. The prefabricated parts are fixed through pins with threads, and the tail ends of the pins are provided with non-return buckles for preventing looseness. And an inner anchor fixer is arranged in the prefabricated X beam to enhance the prestress of the anchor rod. The sheet-mounted L-shaped water baffles are arranged on the inner sides of the frame beams, so that the drainage effect is improved, and the slope safety is enhanced. During construction, firstly, a light formwork is installed in a side slope foundation trench, after the slope surface is leveled, the prefabricated parts are hoisted, and firstly, the prefabricated ground beams are installed, the sheet-mounted L-shaped water baffles are arranged, and then the prefabricated X beams, the prefabricated oblique beams and the T-shaped steel joints are installed in sequence. According to the method, the construction efficiency is improved, the process is simplified, and the stability and safety of a slope supporting structure are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of slope protection, and in particular relates to a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with an enclosure structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of expressways, slope support technology plays an important role in ensuring road safety and stability. Expressways cross a variety of terrains with complex geological conditions, which can easily lead to slope instability and threaten driving safety. Reasonable slope support design and construction are crucial, including reinforcement (such as anchor rods, soil nail walls), protection (such as vegetation slope protection, concrete slope protection) and drainage (such as ditches, intercepting ditches). Choose appropriate technology according to different geological conditions, such as using deep mixing piles in soft soil areas, using prestressed anchor cables or shotcrete for rock slopes, and using ecological slope protection technology in ecologically sensitive areas. Slope support not only affects the quality of the project, but also affects operational safety and economy. With technological advances, it will provide stronger support for expressway construction.

[0003] Some existing traditional methods and technologies still have many shortcomings. At present, many slope support projects do not widely use prefabricated components, which means that most of the work needs to be completed on site, which makes the construction and production process extremely vulnerable to environmental factors such as rainfall and sunshine, thereby extending the construction period. At the same time, due to the on-site pouring of concrete, its strength is often difficult to be fully guaranteed, and the complex construction environment increases the operation risk and reduces the construction safety factor. In addition, problems such as dust and noise generated by on-site construction have an adverse impact on the surrounding environment and are not conducive to environmental protection. On the other hand, the cost of traditional support methods is relatively high, especially in terms of material procurement and manpower investment. Finally, the existing support frames are mostly rigid structures. When encountering the torsion effect of the soil, it is easy to cause damage to the frame structure, reducing the durability and reliability of the overall system. These problems show that further optimizing slope support technology and improving its efficiency and environmental performance are still one of the directions for future development. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with a protective structure, which can solve the problems of extended construction period, unreliable concrete strength, poor construction safety, environmental pollution and high cost in traditional slope support technology, and improve the durability and reliability of the system.

[0005] The second purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a construction method of a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with an enclosure structure.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with an enclosure structure, which is spliced ​​by prefabricated components, and the prefabricated components include prefabricated X beams and prefabricated inclined beams, T-shaped steel joints and prefabricated ground beams; The prefabricated X-beam comprises four connecting ends evenly distributed around; two adjacent connecting ends are arranged in axisymmetric layout, and two diagonal connecting ends are arranged in center symmetry layout, the four connecting ends are integrally formed, each connecting end is provided with a pin shaft hole, an X-beam anchor hole is provided at the symmetric center of the connecting end, and an internal anchor fixer is provided in the X-beam anchor hole on the top surface of the prefabricated X-beam; The T-shaped steel joint comprises two connecting ends integrally formed along a straight line and axially symmetrically arranged, and threaded steel holes are arranged on both connecting ends; the connecting end of the T-shaped steel joint overlaps with the connecting end of the prefabricated X-beam, and the threaded steel holes are distributed correspondingly to the pin holes on the prefabricated X-beam; The prefabricated oblique beam comprises a connecting portion, the two connecting portions are centrally symmetrical, and pin holes are arranged on the two connecting portions. The connecting portion of the prefabricated oblique beam overlaps with the connecting end of the T-shaped steel joint, and the pin holes on the prefabricated oblique beam are distributed correspondingly to the threaded steel holes; The prefabricated ground beams include prefabricated inverted T beams and prefabricated T beams; The prefabricated ground beam is arranged at the bottom of the slope soil body, and the prefabricated X-beam, prefabricated inclined beam and T-shaped steel joint are arranged on the slope surface of the slope soil body.

[0007] Furthermore, an adjustable connection point is provided at one end of the connection between the two connection parts of the prefabricated inclined beam, and a perforated steel plate is provided at the other end; the adjustable connection point extends into the perforated steel plate to realize pin connection between the two connection parts of the prefabricated inclined beam.

[0008] Furthermore, the prefabricated X-beam, prefabricated oblique beam and T-steel joint are connected by a threaded pin passing through a pin shaft hole and screwing into a threaded steel hole; a through hole is provided at the threaded end of the threaded pin, and a check buckle is provided in the through hole; a tolerance gap is provided at the overlap between the prefabricated oblique beam and the prefabricated X-beam and the T-steel joint, and a retractable rubber pad is provided in the gap.

[0009] Furthermore, the width of the prefabricated T-beam is greater than the width of the prefabricated X-beam and a limiting groove with the same shape as the prefabricated X-beam is opened in the center. After the prefabricated X-beam is embedded in the limiting groove, the lap surface of the connection end of the prefabricated X-beam completely extends out of the prefabricated T-beam; anchor holes are arranged at the positions corresponding to the anchor holes of the prefabricated T-beam and the X-beam; The width of the prefabricated inverted T-beam is the same as that of the prefabricated T-beam, and both ends of the prefabricated inverted T-beam and the prefabricated T-beam are provided with connecting parts that overlap each other; the connecting parts of the prefabricated inverted T-beam and the prefabricated T-beam are provided with pin shaft holes; the prefabricated inverted T-beam and the prefabricated T-beam are fixedly connected by a pin shaft fixer inserted into the pin shaft hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the pin fixer includes a screw rod, and adjustable fixing holes are respectively provided in the horizontal and vertical directions on the side walls of the screw rod near the two ends; the pin fixer also includes two steel cap covers, the steel cap covers are square, and each side is provided with an opening, the screw rod passes through the steel cap covers and nuts are arranged at both ends; the steel cap covers are fixed between the screw rod by vertical pins and horizontal pins passing through the adjustable fixing holes; nuts are arranged on the parts of the vertical pins and horizontal pins extending out of the steel cap covers to limit the vertical pins and horizontal pins.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a slope anchor rod, one end of which extends into the interior of the slope soil, and the other end passes through the inner anchor fixture and is provided with an anchor rod end head; The inner anchor fixer comprises a truncated cone steel barrel, the top of which is a smaller end, the bottom of which is a larger end, and a skirting steel plate is arranged around the bottom. The smaller end of the truncated cone steel barrel is smaller than the end of the anchor rod.

[0012] Furthermore, a rectangular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the truncated cone steel barrel at the contact point with the slope anchor rod, and an inverted triangular thorn is arranged at the corresponding position of the slope anchor rod and the rectangular groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the combination of the prefabricated X-beams, prefabricated inclined beams and T-shaped steel joints constitutes a diamond frame, and the combination of the prefabricated X-beams, prefabricated ground beams and prefabricated inclined beams constitutes a triangular frame; sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plates are arranged in the right-angle areas between the diamond frame and the triangular frame, and the sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plates include a plurality of rigid L-shaped water retaining plates, and the rigid L-shaped water retaining plates are connected by flexible L-shaped water retaining plates, and the flexible L-shaped water retaining plates are arranged at the overlapping surfaces at both ends of the T-shaped steel joints.

[0014] A construction method for a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with a protective structure specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Precasting a prefabricated component by pouring at a prefabrication site, wherein the slope anchor rod and the inner anchor fixer are preset in the prefabricated X-beam; S2. Pre-dig a foundation trench on the surface of the slope soil, and use stainless steel square tubes to make a lightweight template and put it into the foundation trench; S3. Install each section of the prefabricated T-beam and prefabricated inverted T-beam in the prefabricated ground beam in the lightweight formwork inside the foundation trench. First, use the steel cap on the pin shaft fixer to limit the connection of the prefabricated ground beam, and then tighten the screw and the nuts on the vertical pin and horizontal pin; S4. Place the prefabricated X beam in the upper limit groove of the installed prefabricated T beam, insert the anchor rod into the slope soil, and pre-tension the anchor rod end so that the inverted triangular thorn and the rectangular groove are engaged together; S5. Install the prefabricated X-beams, prefabricated inclined beams and T-shaped steel joints above the prefabricated ground beams; and place retractable rubber pads when there are gaps between the T-shaped steel joints and the prefabricated inclined beams and prefabricated X-beam joints; complete the assembly of the diamond slope frame beams; S6. Install a sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate in the diamond-shaped frame and the triangular frame of the assembled diamond-shaped slope frame beam, and install a vegetation bag in the diamond-shaped frame and the triangular frame.

[0015] Furthermore, in S5, the second row of prefabricated X-beams are hoisted first, and after installation, the prefabricated inclined beams and T-shaped steel joints between the first and second rows of prefabricated X-beams are installed.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the symmetrical design of the prefabricated components of the present invention avoids the problem of needing to re-bind during the hoisting process, thereby improving the construction efficiency; the present invention does not need to set a lifting ring inside the prefabricated components, and directly hoists through the pin shaft hole, thereby simplifying the process; the arc-shaped overlap surface between the prefabricated components and the T-shaped steel joints and the adjustable connection point in the middle of the prefabricated inclined beams enhance the adaptability and stress release capacity of the structure; the sheet-like L-shaped water retaining plate arranged on the side of the frame beam of the present invention improves the drainage performance and improves the safety of the slope; the end of the anchor rod is connected to the anchor rod end by pre-tensioning the anchor rod end The inverted triangle thorns in the prefabricated X-beam bite to give the anchor rod prestress, saving time and effort; the prefabricated component with steel structure enclosure design simplifies the construction steps and enhances the strength of the component; the use of lightweight models to process the slope foundation groove before lifting improves the quality of preliminary preparation work; the adjustable connection point in the middle of the prefabricated inclined beam releases stress to protect the safety of the structure; the full prefabricated support capacity is not affected by environmental factors, ensuring the strength of the concrete, speeding up the construction speed, and reducing the construction period and cost; the prefabricated T-beam and the prefabricated inverted T-beam are double-protected by the pin fixer, further improving the safety and reliability of the structure. In summary, the present invention not only simplifies the construction process and improves efficiency, but also enhances the overall adaptability and safety of the structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the frame beam supporting the slope in this implementation mode.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the frame beam supporting the slope in this implementation mode.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a diamond-shaped plan view of the frame beams of this embodiment.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the frame beam plate mounted L-shaped water retaining plate in this embodiment.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the composition of the prefabricated frame beam components of this embodiment, (a) is a prefabricated X-beam, and (b) is a prefabricated inclined beam.

[0023] Figure 6 This is the front view of the prefabricated inclined beam in this embodiment.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the overlapped surface of the prefabricated component in this embodiment.

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the pin fixer in this embodiment.

[0026] Fig. 9 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pin fixer according to the present embodiment.

[0027] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the assembly of prefabricated X-beams and ground beams in this embodiment.

[0028] Fig.11 It is a top view of the assembly of prefabricated X-beams and ground beams in this embodiment.

[0029] Fig.12 It is a front view of the assembly of prefabricated X-beams and ground beams in this embodiment.

[0030] Fig.13 It is a left view of the assembly of prefabricated X-beams and ground beams in this embodiment.

[0031] Fig.14 This is a rendering of the assembly of prefabricated X-beams and prefabricated inclined beams in this implementation method.

[0032] Fig.15 It is the front view of the T-shaped steel joint in this embodiment.

[0033] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the inner anchor of the anchor rod end of the prefabricated X-beam in this embodiment.

[0034] Fig.17 This is a rendering of the lightweight model pre-installation in this embodiment.

[0035] Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the buckle pin with a stopper in this embodiment.

[0036] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the lifting of lightweight prefabricated slope components in this implementation method.

[0037] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the lifting of lightweight prefabricated slope components in this implementation method.

[0038] Fig. 20 Schematic diagram of the anchor fixer inside the anchor rod end in this embodiment.

[0039] Fig.21 It is a cross-sectional view of the anchor fixer in the anchor rod end of this embodiment.

[0040] Fig. 22 It is a partial enlarged view of the engagement between the anchor rod and the truncated cone steel drum in this embodiment.

[0041] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the structural construction of the prefabricated inclined beam in this embodiment.

[0042] In the figure, 1, slope anchor rod; 2, prefabricated ground beam; 3, X-beam anchor rod hole; 4, prefabricated inclined beam; 5, prefabricated X-beam; 6, pin fixer; 61, screw rod; 62, nut; 63, vertical pin; 64, horizontal pin; 65, steel cap; 66, adjustable fixing hole; 7, pin hole; 8, side ditch; 9, intercepting ditch; 10, sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate; 101, hard L-shaped water retaining plate; 102, flexible L-shaped water retaining plate; 103, fixing pin; 11, concrete; 12, diamond frame; 13, Retractable rubber pad; 14. Rebar; 15. Internal anchor fixer; 151. Skirting steel plate; 152. Anchor rod end; 153. Round table steel barrel; 154. Inverted triangular thorn; 155. Rectangular groove; 16. T-shaped steel joint; 17. Threaded steel hole; 18. Vegetation bag; 19. Check buckle; 20. Threaded pin; 21. Prefabricated inverted T beam; 22. Prefabricated T beam; 23. Slope soil; 24. Retractable slide rail; 25. Movable pulley; 26. Perforated steel plate; 27. Adjustable connection point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment provides a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with a protective structure, which is spliced ​​by prefabricated components, and the prefabricated components specifically include prefabricated X beams 5 and prefabricated inclined beams 4, T-shaped steel joints 16 and prefabricated ground beams 2; in some possible embodiments, the prefabricated X beam 5 structure is as follows Figure 5 (a), an X-beam anchor hole 3 is set in the center, and four connecting ends are evenly distributed around the X-beam anchor hole 3; two adjacent connecting ends are axially symmetrical, and two diagonal connecting ends are centrally symmetrical; a pin hole 7 is set on each connecting part; Figure 5(b), the two ends of the prefabricated inclined beam 4 are connected parts that are symmetrically arranged in the center, and the two connecting parts are connected by an adjustable connecting point 27; in this way, the stress of the frame structure is released; in some specific embodiments, the connection of the two connecting parts of the prefabricated inclined beam 4 is a perforated steel plate 26 on one side and an adjustable connecting point 27 on the other side, and the adjustable connecting point 27 passes through the perforated steel plate 26 to achieve the connection of the two connecting parts of the prefabricated inclined beam 4; a pin shaft hole 7 is also provided on the connecting part of the prefabricated inclined beam 4. In some possible embodiments, such as Fig.23 The adjustable connection point 27 is specifically a pin fixed on one of the connection parts of the prefabricated inclined beam 4. By controlling the length of the perforated steel plate 26, the angle and length of the two connection parts of the prefabricated inclined beam 4 can be fine-tuned, so that the frame structure can adapt to the mutual displacement of the slope soil 23 and avoid damage to the frame structure due to the torsion effect.

[0045] like Fig.14 , 15 The two ends of the T-shaped steel joint 16 are symmetrical connecting ends, and threaded steel holes 17 are provided on the connecting ends.

[0046] like Figure 6 As shown, in some specific embodiments, there is a certain gap at the overlap between the prefabricated inclined beam 4 and the prefabricated X beam 5 and the T-shaped steel joint 16. The purpose of this gap design is to allow the components to rotate to a certain extent on the slope soil 23 during the installation process to adapt to the deformation requirements of the slope soil 23 and release some stress at the same time. In order to prevent the components from being squeezed and misaligned when overlapping each other, a retractable rubber pad 13 is placed in the gap; it not only ensures the flexibility of the structure, but also improves the adaptability of the overall structure to complex geological conditions.

[0047] In some possible embodiments, the prefabricated X-beam 5, the prefabricated inclined beam 4, and the T-shaped steel joint 16 are connected by a threaded pin 20. Specifically, the threaded pin 20 passes through the pin shaft hole 7 of the prefabricated X-beam 5 or the prefabricated inclined beam 4 and is screwed into the threaded steel hole 17 of the T-shaped steel joint 16 to achieve fixation between the prefabricated X-beam 5, the prefabricated inclined beam 4, and the T-shaped steel joint 16.

[0048] like Fig.18 In some possible implementations, a through hole is provided at the threaded end of the threaded pin 20, and a check buckle 19 is provided in the through hole to prevent the threaded pin 20 from loosening over time.

[0049] like Figures 10-12 In some specific embodiments, the prefabricated ground beam 2 includes a prefabricated inverted T beam 21 and a prefabricated T beam 22; Figures 10 to 13A limiting groove having the same shape as the prefabricated X-beam 5 is opened in the center of the prefabricated T-beam 22. After the prefabricated X-beam 5 is embedded in the limiting groove, the four connecting parts of the prefabricated X-beam 5 extend out of the prefabricated T-beam 22.

[0050] In some specific implementations, anchor holes are further provided on the prefabricated T-beam 22 , and the anchor holes are provided corresponding to the X-beam anchor holes 3 .

[0051] In some possible embodiments, the width of the prefabricated inverted T-beam 21 is the same as that of the prefabricated T-beam 22, and both ends of the prefabricated inverted T-beam 21 and the prefabricated T-beam 22 are provided with connecting parts that overlap each other; the connecting parts of the prefabricated inverted T-beam 21 and the prefabricated T-beam 22 are provided with pin shaft holes 7; the prefabricated inverted T-beam 21 and the prefabricated T-beam 22 are fixedly connected by a pin shaft fixer 6 inserted into the pin shaft hole 7.

[0052] like Figures 8 and 9 In some possible implementations, the pin fixer 6 includes a screw rod 61, and adjustable fixing holes 66 are respectively arranged on the side walls of the screw rod 61 near both ends in the horizontal and vertical directions; the pin fixer 6 also includes two steel caps 65, the steel caps 65 are square, and each side is provided with an opening, the screw rod 61 passes through the steel caps 65 and nuts 62 are arranged at both ends; the steel caps 65 are fixed to the screw rod 61 by vertical pins 63 and horizontal pins 64 passing through the adjustable fixing holes 66; the vertical pins 63 and horizontal pins 64 are provided with nuts 62 on the parts extending out of the steel caps 65 to limit the vertical pins 63 and horizontal pins 64. The pin fixer 6 limits the steel caps 65 through the adjustable fixing holes 66 and the vertical pins 63 and horizontal pins 64, and combines the fastening and limiting of the steel caps 65 by the nuts 62 at both ends of the screw rod 61 to achieve double protection.

[0053] In this embodiment, the connecting portion of the prefabricated oblique beam 4 and the connecting end section of the prefabricated X beam 5 are as follows: Figure 7 In some specific embodiments, the connection parts of the prefabricated inverted T-beams 21 and 22 have the same structure as the connection parts of the prefabricated inclined beams 4, the connection ends of the prefabricated X-beams 5, and the connection ends of the T-shaped steel joints 16, and the interiors are all cast with concrete 11.

[0054] like Fig.16 In some possible implementations, an internal anchor fixer 15 is provided inside the prefabricated X-beam 5 to fix the slope anchor rod 1 inside the prefabricated X-beam 5, and the anchor is sealed by pouring concrete 11 to ensure the strength of the prefabricated X-beam 5.

[0055] like Figures 20 to 22In this embodiment, one end of the slope anchor rod 1 extends into the slope soil 23, and the other end passes through the inner anchor fixture 15 and is provided with an anchor rod end 152; in some specific embodiments, the inner anchor fixture 15 includes a truncated cone steel barrel 153, the top of the truncated cone steel barrel 153 is a smaller end, and the bottom is a larger end. The smaller end of the truncated cone steel barrel 153 is smaller than the anchor rod end 152, and a skirting steel plate 151 is arranged around the bottom. When the prefabricated X-beam 5 is cast, the skirting steel plate 151 is cast together with the concrete 11 around the inside of the prefabricated X-beam 5, and after hardening, they bite to form a whole; a rectangular groove 155 is arranged on the inner wall. In some possible embodiments, an inverted triangular thorn 154 is arranged at the corresponding position of the slope anchor rod 1 and the rectangular groove 155; by pre-tensioning the anchor rod end 152, the inverted triangular thorn 154 and the rectangular groove 155 are bitten together to make the slope anchor rod 1 have a certain prestress. Compared with the traditional anchor rod external anchor pre-tensioning, this embodiment saves time and effort.

[0056] like Figure 3 In some possible implementations, the prefabricated X beam 5, the prefabricated ground beam 2, the prefabricated inclined beam 4 and the T-shaped steel joint 16 are combined to form a Figure 3 The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam shown; the prefabricated X beam 5, the prefabricated ground beam 2, and the prefabricated inclined beam 4 are in the middle of a triangular frame, and the prefabricated X beam 5 and the prefabricated inclined beam 4 form a diamond-shaped frame 12; in some possible embodiments, the diamond-shaped frame 12 and the right angle area in the triangular frame are arranged as follows Figure 4 The sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate 10 comprises a plurality of rigid L-shaped water retaining plates 101, the rigid L-shaped water retaining plates 101 are connected by flexible L-shaped water retaining plates 102, and the rigid L-shaped water retaining plates 101 are arranged in a diamond-shaped frame 12 and fixed in the slope soil 23 close to the prefabricated components by fixing pins 103.

[0057] In some possible implementations, the sizes of the diamond lattice 12 and the triangular lattice can be determined by selecting appropriate types of prefabricated ground beams 2, prefabricated inclined beams 4, prefabricated X-beams 5 and T-shaped steel joints 16 or selecting an appropriate number of prefabricated inclined beams 4 as needed.

[0058] In some specific embodiments, all prefabricated components are precast in prefabrication molds, such as Fig.16 Before pouring, steel bars 14 are arranged on the inner wall of the prefabricated component frame to ensure the structural stability of the prefabricated component.

[0059] This embodiment also provides a construction method for a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with a protective structure. The specific construction method is as follows: First, before hoisting the prefabricated components, a foundation trench needs to be pre-dug on the surface of the slope soil 23 and a lightweight template is made of stainless steel square tubes, which are then manually installed in place to ensure the accurate placement of the prefabricated components and the T-shaped steel joints 16. Before installation, the contact part between the frame beam and the slope surface should be carefully checked. If there are sharp stones protruding, tools such as pneumatic picks and shovels should be used to level them, and cement mortar should be used to fill the uneven places to prepare for the subsequent hoisting of the prefabricated components. Fig.17 shown.

[0060] The first step is to use a crane at the foot of the slope. The crane includes a retractable slide rail 24 and is suitable for the second level slope and can be moved on the slope platform through a movable pulley 25. Fig.19 First, install the prefabricated T beams 22 and prefabricated inverted T beams 21 in the prefabricated ground beams 2 in the lightweight formwork inside the foundation trench. During installation, ensure that the anchor holes of the prefabricated inverted T beams 21 are aligned with the anchors, and Figure 8 The pin fixer 6 shown in the figure hinges the prefabricated T beam 22 and the prefabricated inverted T beam 21 together. The specific structure of the pin fixer 6 is as follows: Fig. 9 As shown, the first layer of protection is formed by fixing the horizontal pin 64 and the vertical pin 63 in the steel cap 65 on the adjustable fixing hole 66 on the screw rod 61 through nuts, and the second layer of protection is formed by tightening and fixing the end of the screw rod 61 through nuts.

[0061] The second step is to place the prefabricated X beam 5 at the reserved position on the installed prefabricated T beam 22, and seal the anchor at the end of the anchor rod as shown in the figure. Fig.16 As shown. The anchor rod is inserted into the slope soil 23 and the inverted triangle thorn 154 is engaged with the rectangular groove 155 by pre-tensioning the anchor rod end 152, giving the anchor rod a certain prestress. This method is more time-saving and labor-saving than the traditional anchor rod external anchor pre-tensioning. In this embodiment, the anchor rod end 152 is set as an inner anchor in the prefabricated X-beam 5, wherein the truncated steel barrel 153 and the slope anchor rod 1 are embedded and integrally cast when the prefabricated component is made.

[0062] The third step is to continue to install the prefabricated X-beams 5, prefabricated diagonal beams 4 and T-shaped steel joints 16 above the prefabricated ground beams 2 after completing the installation of the ground beams and prefabricated X-beams 5 at the foot of the slope. In view of the fact that the slope protection of this embodiment adopts a diamond design, which is different from the traditional rectangular structure, its installation process requires special attention to ensure construction accuracy. Following the installation steps of this embodiment can effectively position the frame beams, which not only simplifies the operation process of the construction personnel, but also avoids the secondary lifting adjustment caused by position errors, thereby achieving the effect of saving time and labor. First, hoist the second row of prefabricated X-beams 5. After the installation is completed, install the prefabricated diagonal beams 4 and T-shaped steel joints 16 between the first and second rows of prefabricated X-beams 5. When there is a gap between the overlap of the prefabricated diagonal beams 4 and the prefabricated X-beams 5 and the T-shaped steel joints 16, a retractable rubber pad 13 needs to be placed to avoid extrusion and misalignment during overlap, such as Figure 6 Then, through the threaded pin 20 (as shown Fig.18 As shown in FIG. 1 ), the prefabricated diagonal beam 4 is passed through the threaded hole of the prefabricated component and the T-shaped steel joint 16 and tightened, and the anti-return buckle 19 is inserted to prevent the threaded pin 20 from loosening over time. The prefabricated diagonal beam 4 connects the left and right parts together through the adjustable connection point 27 to relieve the stress of the frame structure at this point. Fig.15 It is a front view of the T-shaped steel joint 16.

[0063] Finally, follow Fig.14 The diamond-shaped slope frame beams are arranged and installed in the form of a 23-axis arrangement, so that the overall frame structure can adapt to larger expansion and contraction deformation of the slope soil 23, while effectively avoiding fracture and damage and releasing the stress of the prefabricated components.

[0064] Step 4: After arranging the prefabricated frame beams on the slope (such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure), the inner side of the assembled diamond-shaped prefabricated frame structure is arranged as follows Figure 4 The sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate 10 shown. The structure consists of a hard L-shaped water retaining plate 101, a flexible L-shaped water retaining plate 102 and a fixing pin 103. The flexible L-shaped water retaining plate 102 is arranged at the overlap surface of the prefabricated component and the T-shaped steel joint 16, which can avoid the gap change between the prefabricated component and the T-shaped steel joint 16 due to compression or extension. The height of the flexible L-shaped water retaining plate 102 and the hard L-shaped water retaining plate 101 is higher than the cross-sectional height of the frame beam (generally 3-5 cm higher than the cross-sectional height of the frame beam). When the rainy season comes, the water on the slope soil 23 can be smoothly discharged through the drainage channel formed by these water retaining plates, avoiding the scouring and penetration of the slope soil 23 by rainwater, and enhancing the safety of the slope soil 23. Figure 2 The side ditch 8 is used to collect and drain the water on the slope, while the intercepting ditch 9 is used to drain the water flowing from the top of the slope, thereby reducing the drainage burden of the side ditch 8.

[0065] like Figure 1In some possible implementations, after the prefabricated frame beams of the slope are arranged, vegetation bags 18 are arranged in the formed diamond-shaped grids 12 and triangular grids.

[0066] The prefabricated components of this embodiment are symmetrical and do not need to be re-tied and re-lifted due to flipping during the lifting process, which improves the construction efficiency. Secondly, the traditional lifting method requires pre-embedded lifting rings inside the prefabricated components and lifting through the lifting rings, while the prefabricated components of this patent do not need to be provided with lifting rings inside, and can be directly lifted and tied through the pin shaft holes 7 on the prefabricated components, simplifying the construction process. Third, the lap surface between the prefabricated component and the T-shaped steel joint 16 is an arc-shaped design, which is conducive to the mutual rotation of the two. The middle of the prefabricated inclined beam 4 is connected to each other through an adjustable connection point 27, which can release the stress of the frame beam and better protect the prefabricated component. In addition, a sheet-like L-shaped water retaining plate is set on the side of the frame beam, so that rainwater can be smoothly discharged through the drainage channel composed of the sheet-like L-shaped water retaining plate on the upper surface of the frame beam, thereby enhancing the slope drainage effect. The end of the anchor rod is pre-tensioned in the prefabricated X-beam 5 by pre-tensioning the anchor rod end 152, so that the inverted triangle thorn 154 is engaged with the rectangle, giving the anchor rod a certain prestress. Compared with the traditional method, this method is more time-saving and labor-saving by pre-tensioning and then pouring the anchor pier outside the frame beam. The prefabricated component is a component with a steel structure enclosure, and the steel structure enclosure can be directly used as a template, which not only saves time and improves efficiency, but also enhances the ability of the prefabricated component to withstand tension and torsion. Before hoisting the prefabricated component, a lightweight model is first placed in the slope base trench. The places where sharp stones protrude can be smoothed with tools such as pneumatic picks and shovels, and the uneven places can be filled with cement mortar to prepare for subsequent installation. The adjustable connection point 27 set in the middle of the prefabricated inclined beam 4 can release the stress of the prefabricated inclined beam 4 and better protect the safety of the structure. This embodiment can realize the full prefabrication support of the slope. The prefabricated components are constructed on the flat ground in the prefabrication plant, which is not affected by environmental factors such as rainfall and sunshine. The strength of the concrete 11 is guaranteed, the construction is safe, and the environment is clean. Prefabricated components can be assembled quickly, requiring less construction machinery and personnel, thus shortening the construction period, reducing the construction difficulty, saving construction costs, and being able to support slopes in a timely manner.

[0067] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with a protective structure, characterized in that: The prefabricated components are assembled together, wherein the prefabricated components include prefabricated X-beams (5), prefabricated inclined beams (4), T-shaped steel joints (16) and prefabricated ground beams (2); The prefabricated X-beam (5) comprises four connection ends evenly distributed around; two adjacent connection ends are arranged in an axisymmetric manner, and two diagonal connection ends are arranged in a center-symmetrical manner; the four connection ends are integrally formed, each connection end is provided with a pin hole (7), an X-beam anchor hole (3) is provided at the symmetric center of the connection end, and an internal anchor fixer (15) is provided in the X-beam anchor hole (3) on the top surface of the prefabricated X-beam (5); The T-shaped steel joint (16) comprises two connecting ends which are integrally formed along a straight line and are axially symmetrically arranged, and both connecting ends are provided with threaded steel holes (17); the connecting end of the T-shaped steel joint (16) overlaps with the connecting end of the prefabricated X-beam (5), and the threaded steel holes (17) are distributed correspondingly to the pin holes (7) on the prefabricated X-beam (5); The prefabricated inclined beam (4) comprises a connection portion, the two connection portions are centrally symmetrical, and pin holes (7) are provided on the two connection portions. The connection portion of the prefabricated inclined beam (4) overlaps with the connection end of the T-shaped steel joint (16), and the pin holes (7) on the prefabricated inclined beam (4) are distributed correspondingly to the threaded steel holes (17); The prefabricated ground beam (2) comprises a prefabricated inverted T beam (21) and a prefabricated T beam (22); the prefabricated inverted T beam (21) and the prefabricated T beam (22) are fixedly connected by a pin fixer (6) inserted into a pin hole (7); The pin fixer (6) comprises a screw rod (61), and the side walls of the screw rod (61) near both ends are provided with adjustable fixing holes (66) in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction respectively; the pin fixer (6) also comprises a steel cap (65), a vertical pin (63) and a transverse pin (64); The prefabricated ground beam (2) is arranged at the bottom of the slope soil body (23), and the prefabricated X-beam (5), the prefabricated inclined beam (4), and the T-shaped steel joint (16) are arranged on the slope surface of the slope soil body (23); The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam further comprises a slope anchor rod (1) and a sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate (10).

2. The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustable connection point (27) is provided at one end of the connection between the two connection parts of the prefabricated inclined beam (4), and a perforated steel plate (26) is provided at the other end; the adjustable connection point (27) extends into the perforated steel plate (26) to realize pin connection between the two connection parts of the prefabricated inclined beam (4).

3. The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated X-beam (5), the prefabricated diagonal beam (4), and the T-shaped steel joint (16) are connected by a threaded pin (20) passing through a pin shaft hole (7) and screwing into a threaded steel hole (17); a through hole is provided at the threaded end of the threaded pin (20), and a check buckle (19) is provided in the through hole; a tolerance gap is provided at the overlap between the prefabricated diagonal beam (4) and the prefabricated X-beam (5) and the T-shaped steel joint (16), and a retractable rubber pad (13) is provided in the gap.

4. The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the prefabricated T-beam (22) is greater than that of the prefabricated X-beam (5) and a limiting groove having the same shape as the prefabricated X-beam (5) is provided at the center; after the prefabricated X-beam (5) is inserted into the limiting groove, the lap joint surface of the connection end of the prefabricated X-beam (5) completely extends out of the prefabricated T-beam (22); anchor holes are provided at positions corresponding to the anchor holes (3) of the X-beam of the prefabricated T-beam (22); The width of the prefabricated inverted T-beam (21) is the same as that of the prefabricated T-beam (22); both ends of the prefabricated inverted T-beam (21) and the prefabricated T-beam (22) are provided with connecting portions that overlap and fit with each other; the connecting portions of the prefabricated inverted T-beam (21) and the prefabricated T-beam (22) are provided with pin holes (7); and the prefabricated inverted T-beam (21) and the prefabricated T-beam (22) are fixedly connected by means of a pin fixer (6) inserted into the pin hole (7).

5. The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steel cap cover (65) is square and has an opening on each side. The screw rod (61) passes through the steel cap cover (65) and is provided with nuts (62) at both ends. The steel cap cover (65) is fixed to the screw rod (61) by vertical pins (63) and horizontal pins (64) passing through the adjustable fixing holes (66). Nuts (62) are provided on the parts of the vertical pins (63) and horizontal pins (64) extending out of the steel cap cover (65) to limit the vertical pins (63) and horizontal pins (64).

6. The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the slope anchor rod (1) extends into the interior of the slope soil (23), and the other end passes through the inner anchor fixture (15) and is provided with an anchor rod end (152); The inner anchor fixer (15) comprises a truncated cone steel barrel (153), the top of the truncated cone steel barrel (153) being a smaller end, the bottom being a larger end, and a skirting steel plate (151) being arranged around the bottom, and the smaller end of the truncated cone steel barrel (153) being smaller than the anchor rod end (152); A rectangular groove (155) is provided on the inner wall of the truncated steel barrel (153) at the contact point with the slope anchor rod (1), and an inverted triangular thorn (154) is provided at the corresponding position of the slope anchor rod (1) and the rectangular groove (155).

7. The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combination of the prefabricated X-beams (5), the prefabricated inclined beams (4) and the T-shaped steel joints (16) forms a diamond-shaped frame (12), and the combination of the prefabricated X-beams (5), the prefabricated ground beams (2) and the prefabricated inclined beams (4) forms a triangular frame; the sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plates (10) are arranged at right angles between the diamond-shaped frame (12) and the triangular frame, and the sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plates (10) include a plurality of rigid L-shaped water retaining plates (101), the rigid L-shaped water retaining plates (101) are connected by flexible L-shaped water retaining plates (102), and the flexible L-shaped water retaining plates (102) are arranged at the overlapping surfaces at both ends of the T-shaped steel joints (16).

8. The construction method of a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with a protective structure as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Precasting a prefabricated component by pouring at a prefabrication site, wherein the slope anchor rod (1) and the inner anchor fixer (15) are preset in the prefabricated X-beam (5); S2, pre-digging a foundation trench on the surface of the slope soil (23), using stainless steel square tubes to make a lightweight template and placing it in the foundation trench; S3, installing each section of the prefabricated T-beam (22) and the prefabricated inverted T-beam (21) in the prefabricated ground beam (2) in the lightweight formwork inside the foundation trench, first using the steel cap (65) on the pin shaft fixer (6) to limit the connection of the prefabricated ground beam (2), and then tightening the screw (61) and the nuts on the vertical pin (63) and the horizontal pin (64); S4, placing the prefabricated X beam (5) in the upper limit groove of the installed prefabricated T beam (22), inserting the anchor rod into the slope soil (23), and pre-tensioning the anchor rod end (152) so that the inverted triangular thorn (154) and the rectangular groove (155) are engaged together; S5, installing the prefabricated X-beam (5), prefabricated inclined beam (4) and T-shaped steel joint (16) above the prefabricated ground beam (2); and placing a retractable rubber pad (13) when there is a gap between the T-shaped steel joint (16) and the joints of the prefabricated inclined beam (4) and the prefabricated X-beam (5); completing the assembly of the diamond slope frame beam; S6. A sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate (10) is arranged in the diamond-shaped frame (12) and the triangular frame of the assembled diamond-shaped slope frame beam, and a vegetation bag (18) is arranged in the diamond-shaped frame (12) and the triangular frame.

9. The construction method of a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with a protective structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: In S5, the second row of prefabricated X-beams (5) are first hoisted, and after installation is completed, the prefabricated inclined beams (4) and T-shaped steel joints (16) between the first and second rows of prefabricated X-beams (5) are installed.

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