River or reservoir ecological dredging device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a river or reservoir ecological desilting device and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of river desilting, the river or reservoir ecological desilting device comprises a ship body and a ship cavity, a horizontal top plate is arranged on the upper side of the ship body, and a mounting plate parallel to the top plate is fixed to the left side of the ship body; supporting rods are vertically fixed between the top plate and the opposite sides of the ship body and the mounting plate; wherein the top plate and the mounting plate are provided with a dredging mechanism for cleaning sludge. According to the ecological dredging device for the river or the reservoir and the using method of the ecological dredging device, crushing of hard sludge with different depths can be achieved through the crushing assembly in the dredging mechanism, follow-up sludge collection and treatment are facilitated, the sludge with different depths is extracted through the collection assembly under cooperation with the crushing assembly, water in the extracted sludge can be separated, and the water content in the sludge can be effectively reduced. The separated water can be sprayed out at high pressure by utilizing a pressurizing spray head, and is matched with a crushing piece to realize dispersion treatment on the sludge, so that subsequent extraction and treatment are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of river dredging, and in particular to a river or reservoir ecological dredging device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Ecological dredging of rivers or reservoirs refers to the removal of silt accumulated at the bottom of the riverbed or reservoir through scientific methods and technical means to restore and improve the ecological environment of the water body. This process not only helps to improve the transparency and water quality of the water body and reduce the accumulation of harmful substances, but also promotes the diversity of aquatic organisms and maintains the health and balance of the water ecosystem. Ecological dredging emphasizes minimizing the impact on aquatic organisms and the surrounding environment during the dredging process to achieve sustainable water resources management.

[0003] Chinese Patent CN113123397B, Authorization Announcement Date: December 2, 2022, Applicant: Shanghai Maritime University, This patent discloses a sustainable and intelligent dredging ship for inland rivers, which is characterized in that the dredging ship is used for inland river dredging, and the dredging ship includes: a hull with a silo; a rake head for mechanical loosening; a mud pump installed in the silo; a rake arm, one end of which is connected to the suction port of the mud pump, and the other end is connected to the rake head; a sludge tank washer, located in the silo, used to prevent the sucked sludge from depositing at the bottom of the silo, and the invention is equipped with a target head excavator. A large self-propelled, bunker-type dredger with a hydraulic mud suction device, when dredging, lowers the target suction pipe to the river bottom, uses the vacuum effect of the mud pump to absorb mud from the river bottom into the mud bin of the dredger through the target head and the rake arm. After the mud bin is full, the target is lifted and sailed to the mud dumping area, and the mud door is opened to unload the mud, or the dredged mud is directly discharged from the ship. The above application uses the combination of the rake head and the rake arm to achieve the dredging of the silt at the bottom of the river, which is relatively bulky and cannot flexibly realize the rapid treatment of silt at different depths. Moreover, like most of the existing dredging ships, after the silt is extracted, the silt contains a large amount of water and cannot be applied and treated in time, so it has certain limitations. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a river or reservoir ecological dredging device and a method of using the same, which has the advantages of high flexibility and solves the problem that the rapid treatment of sludge at different depths cannot be flexibly achieved, and similar to most existing dredging ships, after the sludge is extracted, a large amount of water is contained in the sludge and cannot be applied and treated in time.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a river or reservoir ecological dredging device, comprising a hull and a boat cavity, wherein the boat cavity is opened on the upper surface of the hull, a horizontal top plate is arranged on the upper side of the hull, a mounting plate arranged parallel to the top plate is fixed on the left side of the hull, and a support rod is vertically fixed between the top plate and the side opposite to the hull and the mounting plate;

[0006] Among them, a dredging mechanism for cleaning silt is arranged on the top plate and the mounting plate, and a collecting mechanism for collecting river garbage is arranged on the upper surface of the hull and near its right side;

[0007] The desilting mechanism includes a crushing assembly and a collecting assembly, and the crushing assembly includes a motor A, a gear set, a positioning rod, a sliding plate, an electric push rod, a base plate and a crushing sheet;

[0008] Among them, motor A is fixed on the upper surface of the top plate, the positioning rod is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the top plate through a bearing, and the output shaft of motor A is connected to the positioning rod through a gear set, the sliding plate is fixed to the outside of the positioning rod, and the positioning rod is slidably connected between the sliding plate and the sliding rod, the electric push rod is fixed to the upper surface of the mounting plate, and one end of the output shaft passes through and extends to the lower side of the mounting plate and is fixed vertically to the base plate, and the crushing piece is fixed to the outside of the sliding rod and close to its bottom end.

[0009] Furthermore, the number of the sliding plates is two and they are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the positioning rod. The sliding rod is a two-section round rod structure, which is respectively arranged as a hollow section and a solid section. Two sliding grooves are opened on the inner wall of the sliding rod of the hollow section, and the sliding grooves are slidably connected to the sliding plates.

[0010] Furthermore, the center of the upper surface of the substrate is missing to form an opening with a circular cross-section, and one end of the sliding rod passes through the mounting plate and the substrate in sequence and extends to the lower side of the substrate, and is rotatably connected to the opening through the bearing.

[0011] Furthermore, the collecting component includes a sewage pump fixed on the upper surface of the hull, a fixed pumping pipe connected to the water inlet end of the sewage pump, a fixed pumping head connected to one end of the pumping pipe away from the sewage pump, a fixed sewage pipe connected to the other end of the sewage pump, two separation plates fixed to the bottom wall of the ship cavity, a vertical partition at the center of the bottom wall of the ship cavity, a booster water pump fixed on the lower surface of the top plate, a booster pipe and a connecting pipe connected to the water inlet and outlet of the booster water pump respectively, the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to a fixed connecting platform, a filter box fixed between the connecting platform and the opposite side of the base plate, and a plurality of booster spray heads connected to the lower surface of the connecting platform.

[0012] Furthermore, the filter box is shaped like a cylinder with a hollow interior and a missing upper surface, and the front and back sides are partially missing to form a water inlet, and filter nets are fixed inside the two water inlets. The cross-section of the connecting platform is shaped like a truncated cone, and a water flow channel is opened inside for water circulation and connected to the booster sprinkler head.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the sewage pipe away from the sewage pump is located in the ship cavity and at the same time on the left side of the left separation plate, and one end of the boosting pipe away from the boosting water pump is located between the right separation plate and the partition.

[0014] Furthermore, the collecting mechanism includes a driving box fixed to the upper surface of the hull, a motor B is fixed to the front of the driving box, a driving rod is fixed to the outer side of the output shaft of the motor B, the rear end of the driving rod rotates with the inner back wall of the driving box through a bearing, two sliders are threadedly connected to the outer side of the driving rod, connecting rods are vertically fixed to the right sides of the two sliders, a baffle a is fixed to the right side of the hull, and baffles b slidably connected to the baffle a are fixed to the right sides of the two connecting rods.

[0015] Furthermore, the collecting mechanism also includes a limiting rod fixed to the left side of the slider, a slide plate slidably connected to the limiting rod is fixed to the left inner wall of the driving box, and the longitudinal section of the retaining frame b is L-shaped.

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of water-permeable holes are provided on the retaining frame a and the retaining frame b, and the two retaining frames b and the retaining frame a slide linearly with each other and do not separate from each other.

[0017] The present application further proposes a method for using a river or reservoir ecological dredging device, including the river or reservoir ecological dredging device, comprising the following steps:

[0018] When the electric push rod is running, the output shaft of S1 moves the base plate downward, so that the booster spray head and the crushing piece can reach the designated desilting location to adjust the desilting height.

[0019] S2 is operated by motor A, and its output shaft rotates through the gear set to rotate the positioning rod, and the crushing piece crushes the sludge;

[0020] S3 operates the sewage pump to extract the sludge water through the pumping head, and the sludge water will reach the ship cavity through the pumping pipe and the sewage pipe;

[0021] After passing through two separation plates, the S4 sludge water is pumped out through multiple booster spray heads. At this time, the rotating crushing pieces and booster spray heads are used to crush and disperse the harder sludge.

[0022] When the motor B is running, the output shaft of S5 will rotate with the driving rod, causing the two sliders on its outer side to move in opposite directions.

[0023] S6 separates the two baffles b through the connecting rod, and the gap between the two baffles b is filled by baffle a, so the collection range is expanded.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The river or reservoir ecological dredging device and its use method can achieve the crushing of harder silt at different depths through the crushing component in the dredging mechanism, so as to facilitate the subsequent collection and treatment of the silt, and the collection component cooperates with the crushing component to extract the silt at different depths. After the extraction, the water in the silt can be separated. The separated water can be sprayed out at high pressure using a booster spray head, and the cooperation with the crushing piece can realize the dispersion treatment of the silt, which is convenient for the subsequent extraction and treatment.

[0026] 2. The river or reservoir ecological dredging device and its use method can collect garbage on the water surface through a collecting mechanism. Compared with the traditional collection method, after the motor B in the collecting mechanism is running, the collection range of the collecting mechanism can be quickly increased. Increasing the water area with more surface garbage can greatly shorten the garbage collection time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing component in the silt removal mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collecting component in the dredging mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1 hull, 2 ship cavity, 3 top plate, 4 mounting plate, 5 support rod, 6 dredging mechanism, 61 crushing assembly, 6101 motor A, 6102 gear set, 6103 positioning rod, 6104 slide, 6105 slide rod, 6106 electric push rod, 6107 base plate, 6108 crushing piece, 62 collecting assembly, 6201 sewage pump, 6202 suction pipe, 6203 suction head, 6204 sewage pipe, 6205 partition, 6206 booster pump, 6207 connecting pipe, 6208 connecting platform, 6209 filter box, 6210 booster spray head, 6211 separation plate, 6212 booster pipe, 7 collecting mechanism, 701 drive box, 702 motor B, 703 drive rod, 704 slider, 705 connecting rod, 706 retaining frame a, 707 retaining frame b, 708 limiting rod, 709 slide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figure 1-4 In this embodiment, a river or reservoir ecological dredging device comprises a hull 1 and a boat cavity 2, the boat cavity 2 is opened on the upper surface of the hull 1, a horizontal top plate 3 is arranged on the upper side of the hull 1, a mounting plate 4 arranged parallel to the top plate 3 is fixed on the left side of the hull 1, and a support rod 5 is vertically fixed between the top plate 3 and the side opposite to the hull 1 and the mounting plate 4;

[0034] Among them, a dredging mechanism 6 for cleaning silt is arranged on the top plate 3 and the mounting plate 4, and a collecting mechanism 7 for collecting garbage on the river surface is arranged on the upper surface of the hull 1 and near its right side;

[0035] The desilting mechanism 6 includes a crushing assembly 61 and a collecting assembly 62. The crushing assembly 61 includes a motor A6101, a gear set 6102, a positioning rod 6103, a slide 6104, a slide rod 6105, an electric push rod 6106, a base plate 6107 and a crushing piece 6108.

[0036] Among them, motor A6101 is fixed on the upper surface of the top plate 3, the positioning rod 6103 is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the top plate 3 through a bearing, and the output shaft of motor A6101 and the positioning rod 6103 are connected through a gear set 6102, the slide 6104 is fixed on the outer side of the positioning rod 6103, and the positioning rod 6103 is slidably connected between the slide 6104 and the slide rod 6105, the electric push rod 6106 is fixed to the upper surface of the mounting plate 4, and one end of the output shaft passes through and extends to the lower side of the mounting plate 4 and is vertically fixed to the base plate 6107, and the crushing piece 6108 is fixed on the outer side of the slide rod 6105 and close to its bottom end.

[0037] It should be noted that the motor A6101 drives the positioning rod 6103 to rotate through the gear set 6102. The sliding connection between the slide 6104 and the slide rod 6105 ensures the smooth movement of the crushing piece 6108. The electric push rod 6106 is fixed by the mounting plate 4 and drives the base plate 6107 to move up and down, thereby realizing the precise crushing of silt at different depths. The whole structure is reasonably designed and operates stably, which improves the dredging efficiency and effect.

[0038] In the present application, there are two slides 6104 and they are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the positioning rod 6103. The slide rod 6105 is a two-section round rod structure, which is respectively arranged as a hollow section and a solid section. Two slide grooves are provided on the inner wall of the hollow section slide rod 6105, and the slide grooves are slidingly connected to the slide 6104. The center of the upper surface of the base plate 6107 is missing to form an opening with a circular cross-section. One end of the slide rod 6105 successively penetrates the mounting plate 4 and the base plate 6107 and extends to the lower side of the base plate 6107, and is rotatably connected to the opening through the bearing.

[0039] It should be noted that the slide 6104 is symmetrically distributed on the outside of the positioning rod 6103, and is slidably connected to the inner wall groove of the hollow section of the slide rod 6105 to ensure smooth movement; the two-section design of the slide rod 6105 (hollow section and solid section) combined with the circular opening in the center of the base plate 6107 and the bearing connection provides a stable and flexible movement mechanism, thereby enhancing the reliability and operating accuracy of the device.

[0040] In the present application, the collecting assembly 62 includes a sewage pump 6201 fixed on the upper surface of the hull 1, a fixed water pumping pipe 6202 connected to the water inlet end of the sewage pump 6201, a fixed water pumping head 6203 connected to the end of the water pumping pipe 6202 away from the sewage pump 6201, a fixed sewage pipe 6204 connected to the other end of the sewage pump 6201, two separation plates 6211 fixed to the bottom wall of the ship cavity 2, a vertical partition 6205 at the center of the bottom wall of the ship cavity 2, and an increase in the surface of the top plate 3. The water inlet and outlet ends of the water pressure pump 6206 and the booster pump 6206 are respectively connected to the fixed booster pipe 6212 and the connecting pipe 6207. The other end of the connecting pipe 6207 is connected to the fixed connecting platform 6208, the filter box 6209 fixed between the connecting platform 6208 and the opposite side of the base plate 6107, and the multiple booster spray heads 6210 fixed on the lower surface of the connecting platform 6208. The booster spray head 6210 is a spray accessory for increasing water pressure and belongs to the scope of the prior art.

[0041] It should be noted that the collecting component 62 can efficiently extract silt water through the sewage pump 6201, the suction pipe 6202 and the suction head 6203. The sewage pipe 6204 and the separation plate 6211 and the partition 6205 in the ship cavity 2 ensure the initial separation of the silt water. The booster pump 6206 and the booster pipe 6212 provide high-pressure water flow, and the water is sent to the booster spray head 6210 through the connecting pipe 6207 and the connecting platform 6208 to further break up and disperse the silt. The filter box 6209 ensures the filtering effect. The whole system is reasonably designed, efficient and reliable, which improves the efficiency and effect of dredging operations.

[0042] In the present application, the filter box 6209 is shaped like a cylinder with a hollow interior and a missing upper surface, and the front and back sides are partially missing to form a water inlet, and filter screens are fixed inside the two water inlets. The cross-section of the connecting platform 6208 is truncated, and a water flow channel for water circulation and connected to the booster spray head 6210 is opened inside. The end of the sewage pipe 6204 away from the sewage pump 6201 is located in the ship cavity 2 and at the same time on the left side of the left separation plate 6211, and the end of the booster pipe 6212 away from the booster water pump 6206 is located between the right separation plate 6211 and the partition 6205.

[0043] It should be noted that the filter box 6209 is designed as a cylinder with a hollow interior and a missing upper surface. Water inlets with filter screens are provided on the front and back to ensure effective filtering of impurities in the sludge. The truncated cone design of the connecting platform 6208 and the internal water flow channel ensure smooth water flow, and the booster spray head 6210 can spray water efficiently. The reasonable layout of the sewage pipe 6204 and the booster pipe 6212 ensures that the separation and treatment process of the sludge water is efficient and smooth, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the dredging device.

[0044] In the present application, the collecting mechanism 7 includes a driving box 701 fixed to the upper surface of the hull 1, a motor B702 is fixed to the front of the driving box 701, a driving rod 703 is fixed to the outer side of the output shaft of the motor B702, the rear end of the driving rod 703 rotates with the inner back wall of the driving box 701 through a bearing, two sliders 704 are threadedly connected to the outer side of the driving rod 703, connecting rods 705 are vertically fixed to the right sides of the two sliders 704, a baffle a706 is fixed to the right side of the hull 1, and baffles b707 slidably connected to the baffle a706 are fixed to the right sides of the two connecting rods 705.

[0045] It should be noted that the collecting mechanism 7 is fixed to the hull 1 through the driving box 701 and the motor B702. The motor B702 drives the driving rod 703 to rotate, driving the two sliders 704 to move opposite to each other, and then the connecting rod 705 makes the baffle frame b707 and the baffle frame a706 slidingly connected to achieve the expansion of the baffle frame b707, effectively increasing the collection range of surface garbage and improving the efficiency and flexibility of dredging operations.

[0046] In the present application, the collecting mechanism 7 also includes a limiting rod 708 fixed to the left side of the slider 704, and a slide plate 709 slidably connected to the limiting rod 708 is fixed to the left inner wall of the driving box 701. The longitudinal section of the retaining frame b707 is L-shaped, and multiple water-permeable holes are provided on the retaining frames a706 and b707. The two retaining frames b707 slide linearly with the retaining frame a706 and do not detach from each other.

[0047] It should be noted that the collecting mechanism 7 ensures the stable movement of the slider 704 by limiting the sliding connection between the rod 708 and the slide 709. The L-shaped baffle b707 and the baffle a706 and baffle b707 with water-permeable holes not only increase the stability of the structure, but also improve the water permeability and collection efficiency. At the same time, the linear sliding design between the two baffles b707 and the baffle a706 ensures the flexible expansion of the collection range and improves the efficiency and effect of the dredging operation.

[0048] The present application further proposes a method for using a river or reservoir ecological dredging device, including a river or reservoir ecological dredging device, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1 When the electric push rod 6106 is in operation, its output shaft moves downward with the base plate 6107, so that the booster spray head 6210 and the crushing piece 6108 reach the designated desilting location to adjust the desilting height;

[0050] S2 is operated by the motor A6101, and its output shaft rotates through the gear set 6102 and the positioning rod 6103 rotates, and at this time, the crushing piece 6108 crushes the sludge;

[0051] S3 After the sewage pump 6201 is operated, the silt water is extracted through the pumping head 6203, and the silt water will reach the ship cavity 2 through the pumping pipe 6202 and the sewage pipe 6204;

[0052] S4 sludge water passes through two separation plates 6211 and then is operated by a booster water pump 6206, so that the water is sprayed out through multiple booster spray heads 6210. At this time, the rotating crushing pieces 6108 and the booster spray heads 6210 are used to crush and disperse the harder sludge;

[0053] S5 After the operation of the motor B702, its output shaft rotates and drives the driving rod 703 to rotate, so that the two sliders 704 on the outside move in opposite directions;

[0054] S6 separates the two baffles b707 through the connecting rod 705, and the gap between the two baffles b707 is filled by the baffle a706, so the collection range is expanded.

[0055] It should be noted that the dredging height is adjusted by the electric push rod 6106, the motor A6101 drives the crushing piece 6108 to crush the sludge, the sewage pump 6201 extracts the sludge water, the booster water pump 6206 and the booster sprinkler head 6210 further crush and disperse the sludge, and the motor B702 drives the baffle b707 to expand the collection range, thereby realizing efficient, precise and comprehensive dredging operations and improving the dredging efficiency and effect.

[0056] The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows: under the operation of the electric push rod 6106, its output shaft moves downward with the base plate 6107, and at the same time, the slide rod 6105 moves downward and realizes mutual positioning with the positioning rod 6103 through the slide plate 6104. After the slide rod 6105 moves downward, it will penetrate into the water, so that the booster spray head 6210 and the crushing piece 6108 can reach the designated dredging location to realize the adjustment of the dredging height. At this time, through the operation of the motor A6101, its output shaft rotates and rotates with the positioning rod 6103 through the gear set 6102, and further rotates with the positioning rod 6103 through the slide plate 6104. At this time, the crushing piece 6108 crushes the sludge to facilitate subsequent extraction. Since the pumping head 6203 is located in the filter box 6209, the filter box 620 9 is used to filter some garbage impurities in the sludge that needs to be extracted to avoid clogging of the pipeline. At this time, the sewage pump 6201 is operated to make the sludge water be extracted through the pumping head 6203, and the sludge water will pass through the pumping pipe 6202 and the sewage pipe 6204 to reach the ship cavity 2. Under the action of the two separation plates 6211, the water in the sludge water is separated from the sludge. At this time, the sludge water passes through the two separation plates 6211 and the booster water pump 6206, so that the water passes through the booster pipe 6212 and the connecting pipe 6207 to reach the connecting platform 6208, and is sprayed out through multiple booster spray heads 6210. At this time, the rotating crushing piece 6108 and the booster spray head 6210 are used to crush and disperse the harder sludge to facilitate extraction, and the water in the sludge can be used in time.

[0057] During the movement of the hull 1, the two baffles b707 are in contact with the water surface, so the garbage stays on the two baffles b707 during the movement. When there is a lot of garbage, in order to improve the collection effect, the motor B702 is running, and its output shaft rotates to rotate with the driving rod 703, so that the two sliders 704 on the outside move opposite to each other. At the same time, the two baffles b707 are separated by the connecting rod 705, and the gap between the two baffles b707 is filled by the baffle a706, so the collection range is expanded, and the performance is effectively improved when there is a lot of garbage. During the movement of the slider 704, the limiting rod 708 slides inside the slide plate 709 to improve the stability between the two baffles b707. At the same time, the driving rod 703 is threadedly connected to the slider 704, and the threads on the front and rear sides of the central axis of the driving rod 703 are opposite to realize the relative or opposite movement between the two sliders 704.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A river or reservoir ecological dredging device, comprising a hull (1) and a boat cavity (2), wherein the boat cavity (2) is opened on the upper surface of the hull (1), and is characterized in that: A horizontal top plate (3) is arranged on the upper side of the hull (1); a mounting plate (4) arranged parallel to the top plate (3) is fixed on the left side of the hull (1); and a support rod (5) is vertically fixed between the top plate (3) and the side opposite to the hull (1) and the mounting plate (4); Wherein, a dredging mechanism (6) for clearing silt is provided on the top plate (3) and the mounting plate (4), and a collecting mechanism (7) for collecting garbage on the river surface is provided on the upper surface of the hull (1) and near the right side thereof; The desilting mechanism (6) comprises a crushing assembly (61) and a collecting assembly (62); the crushing assembly (61) comprises a motor A (6101), a gear set (6102), a positioning rod (6103), a slide plate (6104), a slide rod (6105), an electric push rod (6106), a base plate (6107) and a crushing plate (6108); The motor A (6101) is fixed to the upper surface of the top plate (3), the positioning rod (6103) is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the top plate (3) via a bearing, and the output shaft of the motor A (6101) is connected to the positioning rod (6103) via a gear set (6102), the slide (6104) is fixed to the outer side of the positioning rod (6103), and the positioning rod (6103) is slidably connected to the slide rod (6105) via the slide (6104), the electric push rod (6106) is fixed to the upper surface of the mounting plate (4), and one end of the output shaft passes through and extends to the lower side of the mounting plate (4) and is vertically fixed to the base plate (6107), and the crushing piece (6108) is fixed to the outer side of the slide rod (6105) and close to its bottom end.

2. A river or reservoir ecological dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the slides (6104) is two and they are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the positioning rod (6103). The slide rod (6105) is a two-section round rod structure, which is respectively arranged as a hollow section and a solid section. The inner wall of the hollow section of the slide rod (6105) is provided with two slide grooves, and the slide grooves are slidably connected to the slides (6104).

3. A river or reservoir ecological dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of the upper surface of the base plate (6107) is missing to form an opening with a circular cross-section. One end of the sliding rod (6105) passes through the mounting plate (4) and the base plate (6107) in sequence and extends to the lower side of the base plate (6107), and is rotatably connected to the opening through a bearing.

4. The river or reservoir ecological dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting assembly (62) comprises a sewage pump (6201) fixed to the upper surface of the hull (1), a water inlet end of the sewage pump (6201) connected to a fixed water pumping pipe (6202), an end of the water pumping pipe (6202) away from the sewage pump (6201) connected to a fixed water pumping head (6203), the other end of the sewage pump (6201) connected to a fixed sewage pipe (6204), two separation plates (6211) fixed to the inner bottom wall of the ship cavity (2), and a vertical partition plate at the center of the inner bottom wall of the ship cavity (2). (6205), a booster water pump (6206) fixed on the lower surface of the top plate (3), a water inlet end and a water outlet end of the booster water pump (6206) respectively connected to a fixed booster pipe (6212) and a connecting pipe (6207), the other end of the connecting pipe (6207) connected to a fixed connecting platform (6208), a filter box (6209) fixed between the connecting platform (6208) and the opposite side of the base plate (6107), and a plurality of booster spray heads (6210) connected to and fixed on the lower surface of the connecting platform (6208).

5. A river or reservoir ecological dredging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filter box (6209) is in the shape of a cylinder with a hollow interior and a missing upper surface, and the front and back sides are partially missing to form a water inlet, and filter screens are fixed inside the two water inlets. The cross-section of the connecting platform (6208) is in the shape of a truncated cone, and a water flow channel is provided inside for water flow and connected to the booster spray head (6210).

6. A river or reservoir ecological dredging device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the sewage pipe (6204) away from the sewage pump (6201) is located in the ship cavity (2) and is also located on the left side of the separation plate (6211) on the left side, and the end of the boosting pipe (6212) away from the boosting water pump (6206) is located between the separation plate (6211) and the partition (6205) on the right side.

7. The river or reservoir ecological dredging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism (7) comprises a driving box (701) fixed to the upper surface of the hull (1), a motor B (702) being fixed on the front of the driving box (701), a driving rod (703) being fixed on the outer side of the output shaft of the motor B (702), a rear end of the driving rod (703) being rotated with the inner back wall of the driving box (701) via a bearing, two sliders (704) being threadedly connected to the outer side of the driving rod (703), connecting rods (705) being vertically fixed on the right sides of the two sliders (704), a retaining frame a (706) being fixed on the right side of the hull (1), and retaining frames b (707) being slidably connected to the retaining frame a (706) being fixed on the right sides of the two connecting rods (705).

8. A river or reservoir ecological dredging device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism (7) further comprises a limiting rod (708) fixed to the left side of the sliding block (704); a sliding plate (709) slidably connected to the limiting rod (708) is fixed to the left inner wall of the driving box (701); and the longitudinal section of the retaining frame b (707) is L-shaped.

9. The river or reservoir ecological dredging device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The retaining frame a (706) and the retaining frame b (707) are both provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes, and the two retaining frames b (707) slide linearly with the retaining frame a (706) and do not separate from each other.

10. A method for using a river or reservoir ecological silt removal device, comprising a river or reservoir ecological silt removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When the electric push rod (6106) is in operation, the output shaft of S1 moves downward with the base plate (6107), so that the booster spray head (6210) and the crushing piece (6108) reach the designated desilting location to adjust the desilting height; When the motor A (6101) of S2 is running, the output shaft thereof rotates through the gear set (6102) and the positioning rod (6103) rotates, and at this time, the crushing piece (6108) crushes the sludge; S3 operates the sewage pump (6201) to extract the sludge water through the pumping head (6203), and the sludge water passes through the pumping pipe (6202) and the sewage pipe (6204) to reach the ship cavity (2); After the S4 sludge water passes through two separation plates (6211), it is operated by a booster water pump (6206) so that the water is sprayed out through a plurality of booster spray heads (6210). At this time, the rotating crushing pieces (6108) and the booster spray heads (6210) are used to crush and disperse the harder sludge; S5 After the operation of motor B (702), the output shaft thereof rotates and drives the driving rod (703) to rotate, so that the two sliders (704) on the outer side move in opposite directions; S6 separates the two baffles b (707) through the connecting rod (705), and the gap between the two baffles b (707) is filled by baffle a (706), so the collection range is expanded.

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