Vibration head type power guiding shoe

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of well cementation tools, and particularly relates to a vibration head type power guiding shoe which comprises a power assembly, a swing joint assembly and a vibration head assembly. According to the vibration head type power guiding shoe, liquid energy is converted into rotation and vibration force through flowing of internal drilling fluid, and the sleeve shoe head rotates and vibrates in a limited interval through the swing joint assembly and the vibration head assembly. Therefore, the reaming function is achieved, casing running operation and well wall finishing are better completed, and good preparation conditions are provided for well cementation operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum equipment, and in particular relates to a vibrating head type power guide shoe used for casing running and finishing a smooth wellbore. Background Art

[0002] At present, the drilling and completion industry is facing the problems of deeper and deeper wells, greater development difficulty, more and more extended-reach wells, more and more marginal oil fields, and more and more complex wellbore trajectories. These situations make casing installation more and more difficult and risky. Once the casing is not properly installed, it will bring great trouble to future operations and even fail.

[0003] Casing operation is a key link in the cementing process and one of the most problematic links in the entire drilling process. As most oil and gas field developments have entered the middle and late stages, oil and gas resource exploration and development are advancing into complex fields such as unconventional, deep layers, and deep waters, which poses a great challenge to the smooth lowering of the casing string. Casing lowering encounters resistance, which will extend the casing lowering operation time and even cause the casing to be pulled out of the well or unable to be lowered to the predetermined depth. This not only affects the normal progress of the drilling operation, but can also lead to the scrapping of the entire well in severe cases. During the casing lowering process, the casing relies on its own gravity to be lowered along the wellbore. Affected by factors such as the wellbore trajectory, well wall stability, drilling fluid properties, casing string stiffness, and centralizers, casing stuck accidents often occur.

[0004] Based on the above reasons, it is of great significance to develop a vibrating head type power guide shoe for application in the field of petroleum equipment. The vibrating head type power guide shoe uses high-pressure drilling fluid to generate power to drive the guide shoe head to rotate, and the rotation is accompanied by high-frequency vibration; when the casing lowering operation encounters resistance, it moves up and down several times to allow the guide pipe to pass. If it still cannot pass, the casing is lifted to a free state, the pump circulation is started on the ground, and the turbine drives the front guide shoe to rotate and cut the eye, pass the resistance point, and lower it to the bottom. During the entire lowering process, the casing string or tail pipe string does not rotate, thereby effectively avoiding damage to the casing and casing accessories. The relatively independent high-frequency vibration of the guide shoe effectively stirs the cuttings, and scrapes the well wall more finely to form a better quality wellbore. It is of great significance to the existing casing lowering operation and provides a unique design idea. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vibrating head type power guide shoe, in order to explore and solve the difficulties related to the casing operation described in the background technology, and to improve the cleaning and repairing capabilities of the wellbore. The vibrating head type power guide shoe only produces a large vibration displacement in the swing assembly and the vibration assembly, and the other parts and the casing and casing accessories connected above are less affected by the vibration. The cleaning effect of the guide shoe head on the well wall after vibration is greatly improved, and the smooth well wall ensures the smooth passage of the casing, which helps to improve the cementing effect.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a vibrating head type power guide shoe, which is characterized in that: the vibrating head type power guide shoe is located under the casing column and is connected to the casing column, including a power assembly, a swing joint assembly, and a vibrating head assembly: the power assembly includes an upper joint, a filter cartridge, an anti-drop pressure head, a flow pressure plate, a stator upper pressure ring, a turbine stator, a turbine rotor, a rotor lower pressure ring, a stator lower pressure ring, a turbine casing, a series bearing, a lower plug, a turbine core shaft, a rotor upper pressure ring, a limit bearing A, and a limit bearing B; the turbine stator and rotor provide power for rotating scraping for the lower structure.

[0007] The swing joint assembly includes a hinge cover, a torsion hinge head, and a hinge joint; the connecting part of the hinge joint and the torsion hinge head is an inner arc surface, and the two are tightly fitted; the inner bottom surface of the hinge cover is a circle of grooves uniformly distributed in the circumference, and the space between the groove and the hinge joint changes accordingly by adjusting the degree of screwing in of the hinge cover and the hinge joint, thereby affecting the vibration displacement of the lower guide shoe head to cope with complex naked eye conditions; The vibrating head assembly includes a vibrating body shell, a concentrator, a vibrating lower joint, a guide shoe head, a guide shoe connecting head, a limit bearing C, an eccentric power rod, a limit bearing D, and a vibrating upper joint; the eccentric power rod rotates under the action of high-pressure drilling fluid and generates violent vibrations in an eccentric dynamic unbalanced state; the guide shoe head scrapes and cuts the well wall in multiple dimensions under the combined action of rotation and vibration; The lower vibrating head assembly generates high-frequency vibration under the action of drilling fluid. Due to the degree of freedom of the swing joint, the guide shoe generates high-frequency vibration, and the casing string and casing accessories connected to the upper part are less affected by the vibration. While the guide shoe finely scrapes the well wall, it stirs the accumulated cuttings bed, achieving a more ideal wellbore dressing effect and creating good prerequisites for subsequent operations.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Compared with the traditional guide shoe, the present invention provides power to the guide shoe head while having an adjustable vibration displacement. (2) Compared with the screw, the circulating pressure is smaller, and the power can ensure effective eye-reaming, and the counter-torque is small. (3) The vibrating guide shoe head greatly improves the eye-clearing efficiency and eye-clearing quality, effectively prevents the formation of cuttings bed, eliminates "dog legs", and smoothes the well wall to ensure the smooth lowering of the casing while having minimal impact on the casing itself. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration head type power guide shoe of the present invention; Figure 1The names of the parts are: 1-upper joint, 2-filter cylinder, 3-anti-drop pressure head, 4-flow pressure plate, 5-turbine housing, 6-turbine stator, 7-turbine rotor, 8-rotor lower pressure ring, 9-stator lower pressure ring, 10-series bearing, 11-turbine core shaft, 12-stator upper pressure ring, 13-rotor upper pressure ring, 14-limit bearing B, 15-limit bearing A, 16-lower plug, 17-live hinge joint, 18-torsion live hinge head, 19-live hinge pressure cover, 20-vibration body housing, 21-vibration upper joint; 22-flow focusing cylinder, 23-rotating bearing A, 24-eccentric power rod, 25-rotating bearing B, 26-vibration lower joint, 27-guide shoe connector, 28-guide shoe head, 29-cutting tooth; Figure 2 This is the AA cross-sectional view of the vibration head type power guide shoe of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a BB cross-sectional view of the vibration head type power guide shoe of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a CC cross-sectional view of the vibration head type power guide shoe of the present invention; Figure 5 It is the 18-torsion movable hinge head of the vibration head type power guide shoe of the present invention; Figure 6 The 24-eccentric power rod of the vibrating head type power guide shoe of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings.

[0011] In order to make the characteristics, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0012] See also Figure 1The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is as follows: the upper joint 1 is connected to the upper casing string. When the auxiliary casing operation encounters obstacles, it moves up and down several times to guide the casing to pass through; if it still cannot pass through, the casing is lifted to a free state, the pump is turned on according to the recommended displacement, and the casing is slowly lowered to control and try to pass through; the drilling fluid flows in from the upper joint 1, is filtered through the filter cartridge 2, and then flows into the turbine group through the flow pressure plate 4, and then flows into the flow channel of the turbine core shaft 11 from the opening on the rotor lower pressure ring 8 and the turbine core shaft 11. Under the drive of the turbine, the turbine core shaft 11 starts to rotate, and the turbine core shaft 11 and the movable hinge are connected. The head 17 is a threaded connection, and the hinge joint 17 rotates with the turbine core shaft 11; at this time, the small ball hinge head on the torsion hinge head 18 plays a role similar to a spline, transmitting the torque to the lower parts; the drilling fluid enters the cavity of the vibrating body housing 20 from the diversion port on the vibrating upper joint 21, providing a power source for the rotation of the eccentric power rod 24, and the two ends of the eccentric power rod 24 are connected to other parts by bearings to ensure its free rotation; finally, the drilling fluid flows through the flow channel of the guide shoe connector 27, flows out from the water eye of the guide shoe head 28, and impacts the rock cuttings.

[0013] See also Figure 2 There are three circumferentially evenly distributed arc-shaped groove structures on the flow pressure plate, which ensures that sufficient drilling fluid enters the power part while leaving enough installation space for the rotating bearing A23 and the rotating bearing B25 to meet the rotation requirements of the turbine core shaft 11.

[0014] See also Figure 3 , there are 8 small ball joints evenly distributed on the main spherical surface of the torsion movable joint 18, and these 8 small ball joints are placed in the space formed by the movable joint cover 19 and the movable joint 17. While transmitting torque, they also have a certain degree of freedom to ensure the vibration displacement range of the lower guide shoe head; See also Figure 4 The eccentric power rod 24 generates power by drilling fluid, and has a waist-shaped slot through hole. The whole structure is eccentric. Under the action of drilling fluid, the eccentric power rod starts to rotate and generates high-frequency vibration. The vibrating body assembly composed of the parts below is connected to the torsion hinge head 18 to generate high-frequency micro-swing, which has the effect of efficiently cleaning the well wall. See also Figure 5 The vibration lower joint 26 is connected to the lead shoe connector 27 through a spline, and the spline step of the vibration lower joint 26 implements axial limit on the vibration part. The lead shoe connector 27 also has a flow arrangement similar to the flow pressure plate 4; In a specific implementation example, the upper part of the vibrating head power guide shoe is connected to the casing string. When encountering a candied haws wellbore, there is an obstruction below the casing. The ground personnel start the pump, and the drilling fluid drives the vibrating head power guide shoe to start working. The guide shoe head rotates and is accompanied by high-frequency vibration to prevent the accumulation and compaction of rock cuttings at the bottom of the well, and to grind and crush large-size rock cuttings, greatly improving the speed of casing lowering and the quality of the well wall.

Claims

1. Vibrating head type power guide shoe, characterized by: The upper part of the vibration head type power guide shoe is connected to the centralizer, including the power assembly, the swing joint assembly, and the vibration head assembly: The power assembly comprises an upper joint (1), a filter cartridge (2), an anti-drop pressure head (3), a flow pressure plate (4), a stator upper pressure ring (12), a turbine stator (6), a turbine rotor (7), a rotor lower pressure ring (8), a stator lower pressure ring (9), a turbine housing (5), a series bearing (10), a lower plug (16), a turbine core shaft (11), a rotor upper pressure ring (13), a limit bearing A (14), and a limit bearing B (15); the power assembly transmits power downwards through the turbine core shaft (11); The swing joint assembly comprises a hinge cover (19), a torsion hinge head (18), and a hinge joint (17); the hinge joint (17) is connected to the turbine core shaft (11) through a thread, the hinge joint (17) and the lower plug (16) rotate relative to each other, the torsion hinge head (18) is a spherical structure, a flow channel for liquid circulation is provided in the middle, and 8 small ball heads are evenly distributed around the spherical surface, the hinge cover (19) is connected to the hinge joint (17) through a thread, and an independent small groove corresponding to the small ball heads is provided inside the hinge head (18), and the torsion hinge head (18) is designed with two layers of threads, connected to the vibration body shell (20) through a straight thread, and connected to the vibration upper joint (21) through a tapered thread; The vibrating head assembly comprises a vibrating body housing (20), a flow collecting tube (22), a vibrating lower joint (26), a guide shoe head (28), a guide shoe connecting head (27), a rotating bearing A (23), an eccentric power rod (24), a rotating bearing B (25), a vibrating upper joint (21), and a cutting tooth (29); three water outlets are provided on the vibrating upper joint (21), and most of the liquid in the flow channel flows into the annulus formed by the vibrating body housing (20), the flow collecting tube (22) and the guide shoe connecting head (27) through the three water outlets; the eccentric power rod (24) is in a high pressure The eccentric power rod (24) rotates under the action of the drilling fluid to generate high-frequency vibration; the eccentric power rod (24) is connected to the vibration upper joint (21) and the vibration lower joint (26) through the rotating bearing B (25) and the limit bearing A (23) respectively, so as to be independently rotated; the vibration lower joint (26) is connected to the guide shoe connector (27) through a spline; the vibration body shell (20) and the vibration lower joint (26) are connected through threads; the focusing tube (22) is pressed against the inner cavity wall of the vibration body shell (20); the guide shoe head (28) is connected to the guide shoe connector (27) through threads; The swing joint assembly rotates together with the vibration head assembly, and the torsion movable joint head (18) and the parts below it generate vibrations with a certain displacement amplitude under the vibration of the vibration head assembly.

2. The vibrating head type power guide shoe according to claim 1 is characterized in that The over-current pressure plate (4) is provided with three waist-shaped grooves evenly distributed in the circumferential direction for the circulation of drilling fluid. The filter barrel (2) is provided with evenly distributed small holes around the filter barrel (2) and is pressed against the end surface of the over-current pressure plate (4) through the upper joint (1). The over-current pressure plate (4) presses the turbine stator (6) through the stator upper pressure ring (12) to achieve axial limitation of the turbine stator (6). The rotor upper pressure ring (13) and the rotor lower pressure ring (8) are used to limit the axial position of the rotor. The stator lower pressure ring (9) not only limits the position of the stator but also limits the direct impact of the drilling fluid on the turbine housing (5). The rotor lower pressure ring (8) and the turbine core shaft (11) are provided with matching holes. The turbine housing (5) is connected to the lower plug (12) through threads. A dynamic seal is used between the lower plug (16) and the movable hinge joint (17).

3. The vibration head type power guide shoe according to claim 1 is characterized in that The hinge cover (19) presses the torsion hinge head (18) onto the hinge joint (17) through a thread, and the six independent chamber spaces formed by the hinge cover (19) and the hinge joint (27) can be adjusted to adjust the vibration amplitude of the device.

4. The vibration head type power guide shoe according to claim 1 is characterized in that The eccentric power rod (24) is an eccentric screw structure with a dynamic unbalance characteristic, and rotates independently inside the vibrating body housing (20) under the action of drilling fluid to generate high-frequency vibration; the guide shoe connector (27) and the vibration lower connector (26) are connected to each other through a spline, and the guide shoe connector (27) is also provided with three waist-shaped through holes evenly distributed; the guide shoe head (28) is connected to the guide shoe connector (27) through a thread, and the guide shoe head (28) is provided with three water holes; when the guide shoe head rotates to cut the wellbore, the head maintains high-frequency vibration, the cutting teeth arranged thereon scrape the wellbore wall, and the rock cuttings are stirred at the same time.

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