Intelligent adjusting system of engineering ore body roadway anchor rod supporting system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent adjusting system of an engineering ore body roadway anchor rod supporting system. The intelligent adjusting system comprises an anchor rod stress monitoring device, a real-time data receiving and processing unit and an adjusting device, wherein the anchor rod stress monitoring device is installed on the outer side of a rock mass and a reinforcing mesh; the real-time data analyzing and processing unit comprises a protection box (38) fixed to the transverse lever handle, a clutch switch (20) arranged outside the protection box, a relay transmission (21) arranged in the protection box, a motor rotation controller (36) and a microcomputer (37). The clutch switch, the relay transmission, the motor rotation controller and the microcomputer are intelligently interconnected through wireless signals. The underground anchor rod or anchor cable can provide the needed pre-tightening force in real time, the safety of roadway anchor rod supporting is guaranteed, underground manual labor force is liberated, and the underground working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of pre-tightening force adjustment of anchor support in mine tunnels, and in particular relates to an intelligent adjustment system for an anchor support system in an engineering ore body tunnel. Background Art

[0002] The tunnel surrounding rock control mainly relies on anchor rods and anchor cable support to protect the safety and stability of underground tunnels. However, during coal mining, the anchored rock mass deforms, moves, or even breaks, causing the anchor rod to bear multiple tensile and shear stresses, changing the contact state between the tray and the nut, causing the anchor rod nut to loosen, the anchor rod preload to decrease, and even the anchor rod anchor failure.

[0003] In order to prevent the above situation from happening, the method currently adopted is that the staff judges the stress state and preload force of the underground anchor rod based on their personal practical experience, that is, manual monitoring and adjustment of the anchor rod preload force are carried out. However, this method requires manual underground monitoring, which is inefficient and cannot monitor the stress state and force size of the anchor rod in real time and accurately adjust the anchor rod preload force. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent adjustment system for an engineering ore body tunnel anchor support system which can monitor the change of anchor preload in real time and adjust accurately and automatically.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An intelligent adjustment system for an engineering ore body tunnel anchor support system, characterized in that it comprises an anchor stress monitoring device installed on the outside of the rock mass and the steel mesh, a real-time data receiving and processing unit, and an adjustment device; The anchor stress monitoring device comprises a metal elastic body sleeved on the anchor and located between the tray and the anchor nut, a resistance strain gauge, a resistance strain sensor, and a data line arranged at both ends of the metal elastic body and close to the tray and the anchor nut respectively; the resistance strain gauge and the resistance strain sensor are connected via the data line; The adjusting device comprises an inner ring bearing and an outer ring bearing which are arranged cocentrically with the anchor nut and fixed on the surface of the mine rock mass, a cable column with three grooves nested between the inner ring bearing and the outer ring bearing, the three grooves are all arranged higher than the tail end of the anchor and three cables are respectively fixed in the grooves of the cable column, three electric winches and a mining wrench which are evenly distributed on the outside of the outer ring bearing and are installed around the surrounding rock tunnel with the anchor as the center of gravity; the circular hole at the other end of the movable gate of the mining wrench clamping the anchor nut is sleeved with the cable column; the electric winch comprises a fixed base, a horizontal bar handle installed on the fixed base, a cable drum wheel installed on the horizontal bar handle, and a motor connected to the cable drum wheel; the other ends of the three cables are respectively wound around the three cable drum wheels and tightened; The real-time data analysis and processing unit includes a protection box fixed on the horizontal bar handle, a clutch switch arranged outside the protection box, a relay transmission, a motor rotation controller, and a microcomputer arranged inside the protection box. The clutch switch, relay transmission, motor rotation controller, and microcomputer are all intelligently interconnected through wireless signals.

[0006] Furthermore, the noose column includes an outer side of a metal spring body, an inner side of a metal spring body, and a steel ball roller sandwiched between the outer side of the metal spring body and the inner side of the metal spring body.

[0007] Furthermore, the diameter of the inner ring bearing is 0.3m, the diameter of the outer ring bearing is 0.35m, and the rope is 4mm×6m.

[0008] Furthermore, the data cable is covered with a flexible protective tube.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention can monitor the changes in the support resistance of underground anchor rods and anchor cables in real time, transmit the monitored real-time data to the real-time data receiving and processing unit for stress data processing, analysis, and comparison with the support resistance monitored at different times, and transmit the adjustment size of the preload force to the adjustment device in the form of a wireless signal for automatic adjustment, so that the anchor rod or anchor cable can provide the required preload force in real time, thereby ensuring the safety of tunnel anchor support, liberating underground manual labor, and improving underground work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (two nooses are not shown); Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anchor stress monitoring device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electric winch of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 BB cross-section diagram; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the noose column of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 AA section view; Figure 7 It is the control principle diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] See also Figures 1 to 7 , an intelligent adjustment system for an engineering ore body tunnel anchor support system, comprising an anchor stress monitoring device installed outside the rock mass and the steel mesh 2, a real-time data receiving and processing unit, an adjustment device, and a tray, an anchor nut, a steel mesh and the positions of the three are set according to the existing technology; See also Figure 2 The anchor stress monitoring device includes a metal elastic body 5 sleeved on the anchor 1 and located between the tray 3 and the anchor nut 6. The metal elastic body can increase the contact area with the anchor nut to facilitate the anchor nut to increase the preload. Another function is that the metal elastic body has a certain elasticity, so the resistance strain gauge can more sensitively sense the change of the applied preload through the metal elastic body. The resistance strain gauge 4 is set at both ends of the metal elastic body, close to the tray and the anchor nut respectively. The two ends of the resistance strain gauge are respectively placed with a substrate, a sensitive grid and a covering layer, etc., which can be purchased from Hualanhai foil resistance strain gauge, model FG-B-series resistance strain gauge has better effect, resistance strain sensor 35, data line 8; the resistance strain gauge is connected to the resistance strain sensor through a data line, and a flexible protective tube 7 can be sleeved on the data line; when the anchor resistance changes, the resistance strain sensor 35 receives and processes the data in real time, and converts the real-time resistance change of the anchor 1 into a wireless signal to transmit to the relay transmission 21 to receive the wireless signal and transmit it to the microcomputer 37.

[0012] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3~4The adjusting device includes an inner ring bearing 32 and an outer ring bearing 33 which are arranged coaxially with the anchor nut and fixed on the surface of the ore rock mass, and a noose column 10 with three grooves (respectively groove 11, groove 12, and groove 13) nested between the inner ring bearing and the outer ring bearing, and the three grooves are all arranged higher than the tail end of the anchor rod. The noose column includes an outer side 14 of a metal spring body, an inner side 16 of a metal spring body, and a steel ball 15 sandwiched between the outer side and the inner side of the metal spring body. The steel ball can reduce the friction between the outer side and the inner side of the metal spring body, avoid premature damage of the noose column due to long-term rotation and operation, and extend the service life of the noose column. The three ropes 34 respectively fixed in the grooves of the rope column can be of an inner ring bearing with a diameter of 0.3m and an outer ring bearing with a diameter of 0.35m. The rope is 4mm×6m and is installed around the surrounding rock tunnel. Three electric winches are evenly distributed on the outside of the outer ring bearing with the anchor as the center of gravity. The electric winches are provided with electric winch batteries 39 and mining wrenches 27. When in use, the mining wrench opening adjustment nut 28 is first loosened to clamp the anchor nut and then tightened; the movable gate 25 of the mining wrench clamps the circular hole at the other end of the anchor nut and is sleeved with the sleeve 9 of the rope column sleeve; the electric winch includes a fixed base 23, a horizontal bar handle 18 installed on the fixed base, and an installation A cable drum 19 mounted on the handle of the horizontal bar and a motor 17 connected to the cable drum; the other ends of the three cables are respectively wound around the three cable drums and tightened, and the three electric winches are 0.8m apart from each other, so that the anchor rod 1 is in the "center of gravity" position of the triangle, and holes for installing expansion screws 24 are drilled at the corresponding positions of the three end points. The specifications of the expansion screws 24 are: M10×110mm, and four expansion screws 24 are equipped at the four corners of the lower base of each electric winch. After installation, it can withstand a maximum weight of 40kg. The expansion screws 24 are driven into the corresponding holes and expanded to fix the electric winch at the corresponding positions. The electric winch has a net weight of 8kg and can provide a pulling force of about 3500 pounds. On the rope drum wheels of the first electric winch 29, the second electric winch 30 and the third electric winch 31, the other ends of the three ropes are respectively fixed in the corresponding first rope groove 11, the second rope groove 12 and the third rope groove 13, so that the three ropes are in a tightened state. Figures 5 and 6 As shown; See also Figure 3 and Figure 4The real-time data analysis and processing unit includes a protection box 38 fixed on the handle of the horizontal bar, the protection box is reinforced on the rock mass by screws 22, a clutch switch 20 arranged outside the protection box, a relay transmission 21 arranged inside the protection box, a motor rotation controller 36, and a microcomputer 37. The clutch switch, relay transmission, motor rotation controller and microcomputer are all intelligently interconnected through wireless signals. The resistance strain sensor 35 converts the real-time resistance change of the anchor rod 1 into a wireless signal and transmits it to the relay transmission 21 to receive the wireless signal and transmit it to the microcomputer 37. The microcomputer 37 analyzes the stress condition of the anchor rod 1 by using the mine anchor rod monitoring big data system and sends an adjustment signal of the preload force required for the anchor rod 1 to ensure the stability of the tunnel. The relay transmission 21 and the motor rotation controller 36 control the motor 17 to rotate and drive the rope drum to rotate; Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 7 The automatic adjustment function of the anchor bolt preload force is achieved by the electric winch pulling the mining wrench forward or reverse to drive the anchor bolt nut to rotate 6 times. The microcomputer 37 calculates the preload force required by the anchor rod 1 through data processing, and controls the relay transmission 21 and the motor rotation controller 37 to automatically adjust the anchor rod preload force, such as: the initial position of the nested metal cylinder is '0', the first set of ropes is tightened by the No. 1 electric winch 29, and the nested metal cylinder pulls the mining wrench to '1'; at this time, the No. 1 electric winch 29 stops operating, the second set of ropes is tightened by the No. 2 electric winch 30, and the mining wrench is pulled to '2'; at this time, the No. 2 electric winch 30 stops operating, the No. 3 electric winch 31 tightens the third set of ropes, and the mining wrench is pulled to '3'; at this time, the No. 3 electric winch 31 stops operating, the No. 1 electric winch 29 tightens the first set of ropes, and the mining wrench is pulled from '3' to '0'. At this point, the mining wrench has completed one rotation in the counterclockwise direction, that is, the anchor nut 6 rotates counterclockwise for one circle, so that the anchor nut 6 squeezes the tray 3, and the tray 3 squeezes the steel mesh 2 and the surrounding rock, thereby increasing the preload force of the anchor 1 on the surrounding rock. Similarly, the electric winch motor reverses to make the mining wrench rotate clockwise for one circle, which will reduce the pressure of the anchor nut 6 on the tray 3, thereby reducing the preload force of the anchor 1 on the surrounding rock.

[0013] The contents not mentioned above can be realized by referring to the existing technology.

[0014] It should be further noted that the specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not exceed the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent adjustment system for an engineering ore body tunnel bolt support system, characterized in that: It includes an anchor stress monitoring device installed on the outside of the rock mass and the steel mesh (2), a real-time data receiving and processing unit, and an adjusting device; The anchor stress monitoring device comprises a metal elastic body (5) sleeved on the anchor (1) and located between the tray (3) and the anchor nut (6), a resistance strain gauge (4) arranged at both ends of the metal elastic body and respectively close to the tray and the anchor nut, a resistance strain sensor (35), and a data line (8); the resistance strain gauge and the resistance strain sensor are connected via the data line; The adjusting device comprises an inner ring bearing (32) and an outer ring bearing (33) which are arranged and fixed on the surface of the ore body and are coaxial with the anchor nut, a cable column (10) with three grooves nested between the inner ring bearing and the outer ring bearing, wherein the three grooves are arranged higher than the tail end of the anchor; three cables (34) respectively fixed in the cable column grooves, three electric winches installed around the surrounding rock tunnel and evenly distributed on the outer side of the outer ring bearing with the anchor as the center of gravity, and a mining wrench (27); the circular hole of the movable gate (25) of the mining wrench clamping the other end of the anchor nut is sleeved with the cable column; the electric winch comprises a fixed base (23), a horizontal bar handle (18) installed on the fixed base, a cable drum wheel (19) installed on the horizontal bar handle, and a motor (17) connected to the cable drum wheel; the other ends of the three cables are respectively wound around the three cable drum wheels and tightened; The real-time data analysis and processing unit comprises a protection box (38) fixed on the horizontal bar handle, a clutch switch (20) arranged outside the protection box, a relay transmission (21) arranged inside the protection box, a motor rotation controller (36), and a microcomputer (37), wherein the clutch switch, the relay transmission, the motor rotation controller, and the microcomputer are all intelligently interconnected via wireless signals.

2. The intelligent adjustment system of an engineering ore body tunnel bolt support system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The noose column comprises an outer side (14) of a metal spring body, an inner side (16) of a metal spring body, and a steel ball (15) sandwiched between the outer side and the inner side of the metal spring body.

3. The intelligent adjustment system of an engineering ore body tunnel bolt support system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diameter of the inner ring bearing is 0.3m, the diameter of the outer ring bearing is 0.35m, and the rope is 4mm×6m.

4. An intelligent adjustment system for an engineering ore body tunnel bolt support system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The data cable is sheathed with a flexible protective tube (7).

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