Compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system for underground chamber

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system. The system comprises an underground salt cavern; the upper reservoir is located on the ground surface, and a water conveying pipeline is communicated between the upper reservoir and the underground salt cavern; the pumped storage unit is arranged in the middle of the water conveying pipeline; the air compression system can be used for compressing air in the underground salt cavern; and the spraying system is arranged at the top of the underground salt cavern. A hydraulic machine is adopted for energy conversion, the conversion efficiency of the hydraulic machine is superior to that of a thermodynamic system, the system efficiency of the system is higher than that of a compressed air system and close to that of a pure pumping and storage system, the advantages of high pumping and storage conversion efficiency and large energy storage capacity of the compressed air system are integrated, and the long-time energy storage system can be popularized on a large scale.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, belonging to the technical field of energy storage. Background Art

[0002] Artificial caves built in underground rock formations using water-soluble mining methods are called "salt caves". Because rock salt has extremely low permeability, good creep characteristics and damage recovery functions, and the salt cavity is buried deep underground, it can self-recrystallize and heal under the condition of local stratum cracks, and underground salt caves become a good sealed storage medium. The development and utilization of underground salt caverns in my country is generally in the exploratory stage, because its average burial depth is more than 500-2000 meters. According to technical conditions, the volume can reach hundreds of thousands of cubic meters. Depending on the depth, a large amount of gas can be stored at a pressure of up to 20 MPa. my country's salt cavern resources are mainly rich, with about 1.3x10 8 m 3 Most of them have good sealing after cavity creation, but currently only 0.2% of the total salt caverns have been utilized, and the vast majority are idle.

[0003] The comprehensive efficiency of traditional pumped storage power stations is about 75%. In 2017, the average annual comprehensive efficiency of more than 20 pumped storage power stations in China was 78.63%, and the project investment cost was about 5,000 to 6,000 yuan per kilowatt. The theoretical limit efficiency of compressed air energy storage technology is about 75%. The initial investment of compressed air energy storage power stations using metal containers exceeds 10,000 yuan per kilowatt, and the initial investment of compressed air energy storage power stations using salt caverns or artificial chambers is about 60 to 70 million yuan per kilowatt. The non-regenerative compressed air energy storage system has a system electric-to-electric efficiency of about 72.1% and a construction cost of about 6,000 yuan per kilowatt.

[0004] In summary, the traditional pumped storage system is limited by geological site selection and has a high investment cost, while the compressed air energy storage system adopts thermodynamic conversion and its system efficiency is low. Therefore, we propose an underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system. The present invention adopts a compressed air and pumping coupling system to fully utilize the underground abandoned space, reduce investment costs, and ensure system conversion efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: an underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, comprising: underground salt caverns. Since rock salt has extremely low permeability, good creep characteristics and damage recovery function, and the salt cavity is buried deep underground, it can self-recrystallize and heal under the condition of local stratum cracks. The underground salt cavern can be used as a sealed storage medium, and artificial chambers with good sealing conditions, abandoned mines, etc. can also be used;

[0007] An upper reservoir, the upper reservoir is located on the surface, and can be excavated or formed as an above-ground pool. A water pipeline is connected between the upper reservoir and the underground salt cavern, and the water pipeline connects the upper reservoir and the underground salt cavern;

[0008] A pumped storage unit is placed in the middle of the water pipeline. The pumped storage unit can provide power for the water flow in the water pipeline and can also convert the potential energy of the water flow in the water pipeline into electrical energy.

[0009] An air compression system, wherein the air compression system can compress the air in the underground salt cavern;

[0010] A spray system is placed on top of the underground salt cavern to enhance heat transfer between the high pressure gas and water in the tank to achieve isothermal compression / expansion.

[0011] The aforementioned underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, the water supply pipeline includes a water diversion pipeline and a tailwater pipeline, the two ends of the water diversion pipeline are respectively connected to the upper reservoir and the pumped storage unit, and the two ends of the tailwater pipeline are respectively connected to the pumped storage unit and the underground salt cavern. The water supply pipeline is usually made of steel pipes or concrete pipes. The pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and durability of the material should be considered when selecting the material. The length and bending of the pipeline should be minimized during layout to reduce hydraulic losses.

[0012] The aforementioned underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, the water diversion pipe and the tailwater pipe are both provided with opening and closing gates, the water diversion pipe has a certain slope to ensure the smooth flow of water, too large a slope will cause energy loss, and the slope change of the water diversion pipe reduces the impact on the water outlet.

[0013] The aforementioned underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, the pumped storage unit includes a water pump turbine, the water pump turbine is connected to a generator and an electric motor, the water pump turbine can provide power for the generator to supply power to an external power grid, the electric motor can provide power for the water pump turbine through the external power grid, and the two ends of the water pump turbine are respectively connected to the water diversion pipe and the tailwater pipe.

[0014] The aforementioned underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system also includes a wind turbine and a photovoltaic generator set arranged on the surface, and both the wind turbine and the photovoltaic generator set are connected to the water pump turbine.

[0015] The aforementioned underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, the air compression system includes a compressor and an air pipeline, the compressor is placed on the surface, the output end of the compressor is connected to one end of the air pipeline, and the other end of the air pipeline is connected to the inner cavity of the underground salt cavern.

[0016] The aforementioned underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, wherein an air valve is provided on the side of the air pipeline close to the underground salt cavern, and a pressure relief valve is provided on the end of the air pipeline away from the underground salt cavern, and the pressure relief valve is connected in parallel with the compressor.

[0017] The aforementioned underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, the spray system includes a spray pipe and a spray device, one end of the spray pipe is connected to the water supply pipe, the other end of the spray pipe extends to the inner cavity of the underground salt cavern and is connected to the spray device, and the spray device is placed on the top of the inner cavity of the underground salt cavern.

[0018] In the aforementioned underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, a spray valve and a check valve are provided on the spray pipe.

[0019] The aforementioned underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, the spraying device includes a water distributor, the water distributor is fishbone-shaped, the middle main pipe of the water distributor is connected to the spray pipe, and the water distributor has spray nozzles evenly distributed at the bottom of the branch pipes distributed on both sides.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The present invention uses hydraulic machinery to convert energy, and its conversion efficiency is better than that of the thermodynamic system. The system efficiency of this system is greater than that of the compressed air system and is close to that of the pure pumped storage system.

[0022] (2) The present invention combines the advantages of high conversion efficiency of pumped-storage hydraulic machinery and large energy storage capacity of compressed air system, and is a long-term energy storage system that can be promoted on a large scale.

[0023] (3) The system of the present invention has fewer restrictions on spatial site selection and can use resources such as underground salt caverns and abandoned mines. It can make full use of existing underground space, improve the utilization rate of underground salt caverns and abandoned mines, and reduce system investment costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water distributor of the present invention.

[0026] Figure numerals: 1-underground salt cavern, 2-upper reservoir, 3-water transmission pipeline, 31-water diversion pipeline, 32-tailwater pipeline, 33-opening and closing gate, 4-pumped storage unit, 41-pump turbine, 42-generator, 43-motor, 5-air compression system, 51-compressor, 52-air pipeline, 53-air valve, 54-pressure relief valve, 6-spraying system, 61-spraying pipeline, 62-spraying device, 63-spraying valve, 64-check valve, 65-water distributor, 66-spraying nozzle, 7-wind turbine, 8-photovoltaic generator.

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Embodiment 1 of the present invention: An underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, comprising: an underground salt cavern 1. Since rock salt has extremely low permeability, good creep characteristics and damage recovery function, and the salt cavity is buried deep underground, it can self-recrystallize and heal under the condition of local stratum cracks. The underground salt cavern 1 can be used as a sealed storage medium, and artificial chambers with good sealing conditions, abandoned mines, etc. can also be used.

[0029] The upper reservoir 2 is located on the surface and is horizontally higher than the underground salt cavern 1. It can be excavated or formed as an above-ground pool. A water pipeline 3 is connected between the upper reservoir 2 and the underground salt cavern 1, and the water pipeline 3 connects the upper reservoir 2 and the underground salt cavern 1.

[0030] The pumped storage unit 4 is placed in the middle of the water pipeline 3. The pumped storage unit 4 can provide power for the water flow in the water pipeline 3, and can also convert the potential energy of the water flow in the water pipeline 3 into electrical energy; the unit type of the pumped storage unit 4 depends on the effective head height difference between the upper reservoir 2 and the underground salt cavern 1 (effective head height difference = actual head height difference + gas pressure equivalent head). When the height difference exceeds 800m, the pumped storage unit 4 can preferably be a three-machine type. When the height difference is less than 800m, the pumped storage unit 4 can preferably be a two-machine type.

[0031] An air compression system 5, the air compression system 5 can compress the air in the underground salt cavern 1, and fill the underground salt cavern 1 with external air;

[0032] The spray system 6 is placed on the top of the underground salt cavern 1 to enhance the heat transfer between the high-pressure gas and water in the tank to achieve isothermal compression / expansion.

[0033] Embodiment 2 of the present invention: An underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, comprising: an underground salt cavern 1. Since rock salt has extremely low permeability, good creep characteristics and damage recovery function, and the salt cavity is buried deep underground, it can self-recrystallize and heal under the condition of local stratum cracks. The underground salt cavern 1 can be used as a sealed storage medium, and artificial chambers with good sealing conditions, abandoned mines, etc. can also be used.

[0034] The upper reservoir 2 is located on the surface and is horizontally higher than the underground salt cavern 1. It can be excavated or formed as an above-ground pool. A water pipeline 3 is connected between the upper reservoir 2 and the underground salt cavern 1, and the water pipeline 3 connects the upper reservoir 2 and the underground salt cavern 1.

[0035] The pumped storage unit 4 is placed in the middle of the water pipeline 3. The pumped storage unit 4 can provide power for the water flow in the water pipeline 3, and can also convert the potential energy of the water flow in the water pipeline 3 into electrical energy; the unit type of the pumped storage unit 4 depends on the effective head height difference between the upper reservoir 2 and the underground salt cavern 1 (effective head height difference = actual head height difference + gas pressure equivalent head). When the height difference exceeds 800m, the pumped storage unit 4 can preferably be a three-machine type. When the height difference is less than 800m, the pumped storage unit 4 can preferably be a two-machine type.

[0036] Among them, the water supply pipeline 3 includes a water diversion pipeline 31 and a tailwater pipeline 32. The two ends of the water diversion pipeline 31 are respectively connected to the upper reservoir 2 and the pumped storage unit 4, and the two ends of the tailwater pipeline 32 are respectively connected to the pumped storage unit 4 and the underground salt cavern 1. The water supply pipeline 3 usually uses steel pipes or concrete pipes. The pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and durability should be considered when selecting materials. The length and bending of the pipeline should be minimized during layout to reduce hydraulic loss. Opening and closing gates 33 are provided on the water diversion pipeline 31 and the tailwater pipeline 32. The water diversion pipeline 31 has a certain slope to ensure that water can flow smoothly. Too large a slope will cause energy loss. The slope change of the water diversion pipeline 31 reduces the impact on the water outlet.

[0037] An air compression system 5, the air compression system 5 can compress the air in the underground salt cavern 1, and fill the underground salt cavern 1 with external air;

[0038] The spray system 6 is placed on the top of the underground salt cavern 1 to enhance the heat transfer between the high-pressure gas and water in the tank to achieve isothermal compression / expansion.

[0039] Embodiment 3 of the present invention: An underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, comprising: an underground salt cavern 1. Since rock salt has extremely low permeability, good creep characteristics and damage recovery function, and the salt cavity is buried deep underground, it can self-recrystallize and heal under the condition of local stratum cracks. The underground salt cavern 1 can be used as a sealed storage medium, and artificial chambers with good sealing conditions, abandoned mines, etc. can also be used.

[0040] The upper reservoir 2 is located on the surface and is horizontally higher than the underground salt cavern 1. It can be excavated or formed as an above-ground pool. A water pipeline 3 is connected between the upper reservoir 2 and the underground salt cavern 1, and the water pipeline 3 connects the upper reservoir 2 and the underground salt cavern 1.

[0041] The pumped storage unit 4 is placed in the middle of the water pipeline 3. The pumped storage unit 4 can provide power for the water flow in the water pipeline 3, and can also convert the potential energy of the water flow in the water pipeline 3 into electrical energy; the pumped storage unit 4 includes a pump turbine 41, and the pump turbine 41 is connected to a generator 42 and an electric motor 43. The pump turbine 41 can provide power for the generator 42 to supply power to the external power grid, and the electric motor 43 can provide power for the pump turbine 41 through the external power grid. The two ends of the pump turbine 41 are respectively connected to the water diversion pipeline 31 and the tailwater pipeline 32.

[0042] Among them, the water supply pipeline 3 includes a water diversion pipeline 31 and a tailwater pipeline 32. The two ends of the water diversion pipeline 31 are respectively connected to the upper reservoir 2 and the pumped storage unit 4, and the two ends of the tailwater pipeline 32 are respectively connected to the pumped storage unit 4 and the underground salt cavern 1. The water supply pipeline 3 usually uses steel pipes or concrete pipes. The pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and durability should be considered when selecting materials. The length and bending of the pipeline should be minimized during layout to reduce hydraulic loss. Opening and closing gates 33 are provided on the water diversion pipeline 31 and the tailwater pipeline 32. The water diversion pipeline 31 has a certain slope to ensure that water can flow smoothly. Too large a slope will cause energy loss. The slope change of the water diversion pipeline 31 reduces the impact on the water outlet.

[0043] An air compression system 5, the air compression system 5 can compress the air in the underground salt cavern 1, and fill the underground salt cavern 1 with external air;

[0044] The spray system 6 is placed on the top of the underground salt cavern 1 to enhance the heat transfer between the high-pressure gas and water in the tank to achieve isothermal compression / expansion.

[0045] Embodiment 4 of the present invention: An underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, comprising: an underground salt cavern 1. Since rock salt has extremely low permeability, good creep characteristics and damage recovery function, and the salt cavity is buried deep underground, it can self-recrystallize and heal under the condition of local stratum cracks. The underground salt cavern 1 can be used as a sealed storage medium, and artificial chambers with good sealing conditions, abandoned mines, etc. can also be used.

[0046] The upper reservoir 2 is located on the surface and is horizontally higher than the underground salt cavern 1. It can be excavated or formed as an above-ground pool. A water pipeline 3 is connected between the upper reservoir 2 and the underground salt cavern 1, and the water pipeline 3 connects the upper reservoir 2 and the underground salt cavern 1.

[0047] The pumped storage unit 4 is placed in the middle of the water pipeline 3. The pumped storage unit 4 can provide power for the water flow in the water pipeline 3, and can also convert the potential energy of the water flow in the water pipeline 3 into electrical energy; the pumped storage unit 4 includes a pump turbine 41, and the pump turbine 41 is connected to a generator 42 and an electric motor 43. The pump turbine 41 can provide power for the generator 42 to supply power to the external power grid, and the electric motor 43 can provide power for the pump turbine 41 through the external power grid. The two ends of the pump turbine 41 are respectively connected to the water diversion pipeline 31 and the tailwater pipeline 32.

[0048] Among them, the water supply pipeline 3 includes a water diversion pipeline 31 and a tailwater pipeline 32. The two ends of the water diversion pipeline 31 are respectively connected to the upper reservoir 2 and the pumped storage unit 4, and the two ends of the tailwater pipeline 32 are respectively connected to the pumped storage unit 4 and the underground salt cavern 1. The water supply pipeline 3 usually uses steel pipes or concrete pipes. The pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and durability should be considered when selecting materials. The length and bending of the pipeline should be minimized during layout to reduce hydraulic loss. Opening and closing gates 33 are provided on the water diversion pipeline 31 and the tailwater pipeline 32. The water diversion pipeline 31 has a certain slope to ensure that water can flow smoothly. Too large a slope will cause energy loss. The slope change of the water diversion pipeline 31 reduces the impact on the water outlet.

[0049] The air compression system 5 can compress the air in the underground salt cavern 1 and fill the external air into the underground salt cavern 1; the air compression system 5 includes a compressor 51 and an air pipe 52, the compressor 51 is placed on the ground surface, the output end of the compressor 51 is connected to one end of the air pipe 52, the other end of the air pipe 52 is connected to the inner cavity of the underground salt cavern 1, an air valve 53 is arranged on the side of the air pipe 52 close to the underground salt cavern 1, and a pressure relief valve 54 is arranged on the end of the air pipe 52 away from the underground salt cavern 1, and the pressure relief valve 54 is connected in parallel with the compressor 51, and the pressure relief valve 54 can release the gas in the underground salt cavern 1.

[0050] The spray system 6 is placed on the top of the underground salt cavern 1 to enhance the heat transfer between the high-pressure gas and water in the tank to achieve isothermal compression / expansion.

[0051] Embodiment 5 of the present invention: An underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, comprising: an underground salt cavern 1. Since rock salt has extremely low permeability, good creep characteristics and damage recovery function, and the salt cavity is buried deep underground, it can self-recrystallize and heal under the condition of local stratum cracks. The underground salt cavern 1 can be used as a sealed storage medium, and artificial chambers with good sealing conditions, abandoned mines, etc. can also be used.

[0052] The upper reservoir 2 is located on the surface and is horizontally higher than the underground salt cavern 1. It can be excavated or formed as an above-ground pool. A water pipeline 3 is connected between the upper reservoir 2 and the underground salt cavern 1, and the water pipeline 3 connects the upper reservoir 2 and the underground salt cavern 1.

[0053] The pumped storage unit 4 is placed in the middle of the water pipeline 3. The pumped storage unit 4 can provide power for the water flow in the water pipeline 3, and can also convert the potential energy of the water flow in the water pipeline 3 into electrical energy; the pumped storage unit 4 includes a pump turbine 41, and the pump turbine 41 is connected to a generator 42 and an electric motor 43. The pump turbine 41 can provide power for the generator 42 to supply power to the external power grid, and the electric motor 43 can provide power for the pump turbine 41 through the external power grid. The two ends of the pump turbine 41 are respectively connected to the water diversion pipeline 31 and the tailwater pipeline 32.

[0054] Among them, the water supply pipeline 3 includes a water diversion pipeline 31 and a tailwater pipeline 32. The two ends of the water diversion pipeline 31 are respectively connected to the upper reservoir 2 and the pumped storage unit 4, and the two ends of the tailwater pipeline 32 are respectively connected to the pumped storage unit 4 and the underground salt cavern 1. The water supply pipeline 3 usually uses steel pipes or concrete pipes. The pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and durability should be considered when selecting materials. The length and bending of the pipeline should be minimized during layout to reduce hydraulic loss. Opening and closing gates 33 are provided on the water diversion pipeline 31 and the tailwater pipeline 32. The water diversion pipeline 31 has a certain slope to ensure that water can flow smoothly. Too large a slope will cause energy loss. The slope change of the water diversion pipeline 31 reduces the impact on the water outlet.

[0055] The air compression system 5 can compress the air in the underground salt cavern 1 and fill the external air into the underground salt cavern 1; the air compression system 5 includes a compressor 51 and an air pipe 52, the compressor 51 is placed on the ground surface, the output end of the compressor 51 is connected to one end of the air pipe 52, the other end of the air pipe 52 is connected to the inner cavity of the underground salt cavern 1, an air valve 53 is arranged on the side of the air pipe 52 close to the underground salt cavern 1, and a pressure relief valve 54 is arranged on the end of the air pipe 52 away from the underground salt cavern 1, and the pressure relief valve 54 is connected in parallel with the compressor 51, and the pressure relief valve 54 can release the gas in the underground salt cavern 1.

[0056] Spray system 6, spray system 6 is placed on the top of underground salt cavern 1, used to enhance the heat transfer between high pressure gas and water in the tank to achieve isothermal compression / expansion. Spray system 6 includes spray pipe 61 and spray device 62, one end of spray pipe 61 is connected to water pipe 3, the other end of spray pipe 61 extends to the inner cavity of underground salt cavern 1 and is connected to spray device 62, spray device 62 is placed on the top of the inner cavity of underground salt cavern 1. Spray valve 63 and check valve 64 are arranged on spray pipe 61, check valve 64 prevents gas from entering spray pipe 61, spray device 62 includes water distributor 65, water distributor 65 is fishbone shaped, the main pipe in the middle of water distributor 65 is connected to spray pipe 61, and spray nozzles 66 are evenly distributed at the bottom of branches distributed on both sides of water distributor 65.

[0057] Specifically, it also includes a wind power generator set 7 and a photovoltaic generator set 8 arranged on the ground surface, and both the wind power generator set 7 and the photovoltaic generator set 8 are connected to the water pump turbine 41 .

[0058] Working principle of an embodiment of the present invention: The present invention uses the underground salt cavern 1 as a water-gas co-containment energy storage tank. During use:

[0059] In the initial state, the opening and closing gate 33 is opened at the same time, and the water from the upper reservoir 2 enters the underground salt cavern 1 through its own potential energy. At the same time, the compressor 51 and the air valve 53 are opened to compress the air in the underground salt cavern 1 until the initial gas pressure set by the system is reached. The opening and closing gate 33 is closed, and the system enters the working state, and the compressor 51 stops working.

[0060] In the energy storage (charging) stage, the motor 43 drives the pump part of the water pump turbine 41 to work, and sends the water in the underground salt cavern 1 to the upper reservoir 2. At the same time, the high-pressure air in the underground salt cavern 1 expands and does work, and the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules is converted into the potential energy of water. The electric energy of the motor 43 can utilize the power generation function of the wind turbine 7 and the photovoltaic generator 8 around the reservoir.

[0061] In the energy release (discharge) stage, the water in the upper reservoir 2 passes through the water diversion pipe 31, and uses the potential energy of the water to drive the turbine of the water pump turbine 41 to generate electricity. The water enters the underground salt cavern 1 to compress the air.

[0062] Among them, the spray system 6 is used to enhance the heat transfer between the high-pressure gas and water in the underground salt cavern 1 to achieve isothermal compression / expansion. The compressor 51 only compresses the air to the initial pressure in the initial state, and the charging and discharging working state is not started; in order to optimize the system conversion efficiency and investment cost, it can be achieved by adjusting and controlling the initial water-gas ratio, gas initial pressure, and storage pressure of the underground salt cavern 1.

Claims

1. An underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system, characterized in that: include: Underground salt caverns (1); An upper reservoir (2), the upper reservoir (2) being located on the surface, and a water pipeline (3) being connected between the upper reservoir (2) and the underground salt cavern (1); A pumped storage unit (4), wherein the pumped storage unit (4) is placed in the middle of the water pipeline (3), and the pumped storage unit (4) can provide power for the water flow in the water pipeline (3), and can also convert the potential energy of the water flow in the water pipeline (3) into electrical energy; An air compression system (5), wherein the air compression system (5) can compress the air in the underground salt cavern (1); A spray system (6) is placed on the top of the underground salt cavern (1).

2. The underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water delivery pipeline (3) comprises a water diversion pipeline (31) and a tailwater pipeline (32), wherein two ends of the water diversion pipeline (31) are respectively connected to an upper reservoir (2) and a pumped storage unit (4), and two ends of the tailwater pipeline (32) are respectively connected to a pumped storage unit (4) and an underground salt cavern (1).

3. The underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water diversion pipeline (31) and the tailwater pipeline (32) are both provided with opening and closing gates (33).

4. The underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pumped storage unit (4) comprises a water pump turbine (41), the water pump turbine (41) being connected to a generator (42) and an electric motor (43), the water pump turbine (41) being capable of providing power to the generator (42) to supply power to an external power grid, the electric motor (43) being capable of providing power to the water pump turbine (41) through power supplied from the external power grid, and the two ends of the water pump turbine (41) being respectively connected to a water diversion pipeline (31) and a tailwater pipeline (32).

5. The underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a wind power generator set (7) and a photovoltaic generator set (8) arranged on the ground surface, wherein the wind power generator set (7) and the photovoltaic generator set (8) are both connected to the water pump turbine (41).

6. An underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The air compression system (5) comprises a compressor (51) and an air pipeline (52), wherein the compressor (51) is placed on the ground surface, the output end of the compressor (51) is connected to one end of the air pipeline (52), and the other end of the air pipeline (52) is connected to the inner cavity of the underground salt cavern (1).

7. The underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that: An air valve (53) is provided on the side of the air pipeline (52) close to the underground salt cavern (1), and a pressure relief valve (54) is provided on the end of the air pipeline (52) away from the underground salt cavern (1), and the pressure relief valve (54) is connected in parallel with the compressor (51).

8. An underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The spray system (6) comprises a spray pipe (61) and a spray device (62), one end of the spray pipe (61) is connected to the water supply pipe (3), the other end of the spray pipe (61) extends to the inner cavity of the underground salt cavern (1) and is connected to the spray device (62), and the spray device (62) is placed at the top of the inner cavity of the underground salt cavern (1).

9. The underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spray pipe (61) is provided with a spray valve (63) and a check valve (64).

10. An underground chamber compressed air and pumped storage hybrid energy storage system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The spray device (62) comprises a water distributor (65) which is in a fishbone shape. The main pipe in the middle of the water distributor (65) is connected to the spray pipe (61). The bottom of the branch pipes distributed on both sides of the water distributor (65) are evenly distributed with spray nozzles (66).

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