Lossless explosion-proof automatic pressure reduction and exhaust structure and safety battery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery safety structures, in particular to a lossless anti-explosion automatic pressure reduction and exhaust structure and a safety battery, the pressure reduction and exhaust structure comprises an exhaust mechanism and a positive electrode cap, the exhaust mechanism comprises a valve cavity, a pneumatic assembly and a plugging assembly, the pneumatic assembly is arranged in the valve cavity, and the pneumatic assembly is connected with the plugging assembly; an inner hole is formed in the anode main body, one end of the inner hole is communicated with the interior of the battery shell, the other end is communicated with the valve cavity, the plugging assembly is located at a position corresponding to the inner hole, and the anode cap is provided with a through hole; the plugging assembly can compress the pneumatic assembly under the strong pressure in the battery shell to achieve smoothness of the inner hole, and then the pressure in the battery shell is released through the valve cavity and the through hole. According to the safety battery disclosed by the invention, the pressure reduction and exhaust structure can be used for realizing lossless and leakage-free exhaust of air pressure and preventing high-pressure explosion of the battery, so that greater safety problems and environmental pollution problems caused by explosion of the battery are effectively avoided, and the safety and the explosion-proof effect of the battery are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of battery safety structures, in particular to a lossless explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure and a safety battery. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization and development of new energy technologies, battery safety has attracted more and more attention. Batteries are filled with a large amount of chemical substances, which will produce mixed gases during the charging and discharging process. As a result, the gas inside the sealed cavity will accumulate and expand. If the pressure is not released in time, it will seriously affect the battery life, and even cause an explosion in more serious cases.

[0003] At present, most explosion-proof valves on batteries are metal foil type explosion-proof valves, which are made by processing aluminum foil or aluminum sheet into notches of various shapes, and then laser welded to the battery. When the internal pressure of the battery is too high, the explosion-proof valve will crack at the notched position of the aluminum foil or aluminum sheet, and the high-pressure gas inside the battery can break through the crack of the aluminum foil or aluminum sheet in time to achieve rapid pressure relief, so as to ensure the safe operation of the battery, and effectively prevent accidents caused by excessive pressure in the battery.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned metal foil type explosion-proof valves are generally not recoverable due to the scoring and cracking, and cannot be repaired and reused, resulting in a waste of resources. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure and a safety battery, so as to at least solve the problem that the existing metal foil type explosion-proof valve cannot be repaired and reused due to cracking due to scoring, resulting in waste of resources.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems by the following technical means:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure, including an exhaust mechanism arranged in a positive electrode body and a positive electrode cap covered on the positive electrode body, the exhaust mechanism including a valve cavity, a pneumatic component and a sealing component, the pneumatic component is arranged in the valve cavity and a gap is left between the pneumatic component and the valve cavity, the pneumatic component is connected to the sealing component; the positive electrode body has an inner hole, one end of the inner hole is connected to the interior of the battery shell, and the other end is connected to the valve cavity, the sealing component is located at a position corresponding to the inner hole, the sealing component is used to seal the inner hole, the positive electrode cap has a through hole, and the through hole is connected to the valve cavity; the sealing component can detach from the inner hole and compress the pneumatic component under the strong pressure inside the battery shell, thereby forming a pressure relief channel composed of the inner hole, the valve cavity and the through hole.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the pneumatic component includes a first magnet and a second magnet, the first magnet and the second magnet are both located in the valve cavity, and there is a gap between the outer walls of the first magnet and the second magnet and the inner wall of the valve cavity, and the first magnet and the second magnet are installed opposite to each other with the same poles; the sealing component is installed on the second magnet.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the positive electrode cap has at least two through holes, and the positions of the through holes correspond to the gap between the pneumatic component and the valve cavity.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the pneumatic component is a spring, and the blocking component is installed at one end of the spring.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some embodiments, the blocking component blocks the inner hole, and the blocking component is spherical, hemispherical, cylindrical, or T-shaped.

[0012] The non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure of the present invention has a valve cavity inside the positive electrode body, and the pneumatic component is installed inside the valve cavity. The pneumatic component can be extended and retracted, thereby driving the plugging component connected to the pneumatic component to move. The plugging component is installed on the inner hole. When the battery expands at high temperature and is squeezed internally or short-circuited externally, there is a risk of explosion. The pressure inside the battery shell is too high, and the air pressure inside the battery shell acts on the plugging component through the inner hole. The strong air pressure acts on the plugging component to compress the pneumatic component, thereby separating the plugging component from the inner hole. The air pressure inside the battery shell is released from the through hole on the positive electrode cap through the valve cavity, realizing the release of the internal pressure of the battery shell, and avoiding the battery explosion caused by excessive internal pressure of the battery. When the internal pressure of the battery shell is released, the pneumatic component is restored, and the plugging component can be plugged on the inner hole again to seal the inner hole again.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a safe battery, comprising the non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression and exhaust structure described in the first aspect.

[0014] In combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, the safety battery further includes a battery housing and a battery cell located inside the battery housing, and the decompression venting structure is installed at one end of the battery housing.

[0015] In combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, an insulating sealing ring is installed between one end of the positive electrode cap and the battery housing.

[0016] In combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, an insulating sealing ring is also installed between the positive electrode body and the battery casing.

[0017] In combination with the second aspect, in some embodiments, the positive electrode body is connected to the positive electrode tab bar of the battery cell.

[0018] The safety battery of the present invention utilizes a lossless explosion-proof automatic decompression and exhaust structure to achieve lossless and leakage-free exhaust of gas pressure, thereby preventing high-voltage explosion of the battery, effectively avoiding greater safety problems and environmental pollution problems caused by battery explosion, and effectively improving the safety and explosion-proof effect of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an implementation method of a lossless explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of a lossless explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an implementation method of a safety battery;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a safety battery;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of a safety battery;

[0024] Among them, the positive electrode body 110, the inner hole 111, the positive electrode cap 120, the through hole 121, the valve cavity 131, the sealing assembly 132, the first magnet 133, the second magnet 134, the spring 135, the insulating sealing ring 140, the battery shell 210, the battery cell 220, and the positive electrode ear strip 230. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the following examples, if no specific conditions are specified, the experiments were carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The raw materials, equipment or instruments used, if no manufacturer is specified, are all conventional products that can be purchased on the market.

[0027] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure of this embodiment includes an exhaust mechanism arranged in the positive electrode body 110 and a positive electrode cap 120 covering the positive electrode body 110. The exhaust mechanism includes a valve cavity 131, a pneumatic component and a plugging component 132. The pneumatic component is arranged in the valve cavity 131 and a gap is left between the valve cavity 131. The pneumatic component is connected to the plugging component 132. The positive electrode body 110 has an inner hole 111, and one end of the inner hole 111 is connected to the battery shell 21. 0 is connected to the interior, and the other end is connected to the valve cavity 131. The plugging component 132 is located at a position corresponding to the inner hole 111. The plugging component 132 is used to plug the inner hole 111. The positive cap 120 has a through hole 121, and the through hole 121 is connected to the valve cavity 131; the plugging component 132 can be separated from the inner hole 111 and compress the pneumatic component under the strong pressure inside the battery shell 210, thereby forming a pressure relief channel composed of the inner hole 111, the valve cavity 131 and the through hole 121.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, a valve cavity 131 is opened inside the positive electrode body 110, and a pneumatic component is installed inside the valve cavity 131. The pneumatic component can be extended and retracted, thereby driving the plugging component 132 connected to the pneumatic component to move. The plugging component 132 is installed on the inner hole 111 for plugging. When the battery expands at high temperature and is squeezed internally or short-circuited externally, there is a risk of explosion, and when the pressure inside the battery shell 210 is too high, the air pressure inside the battery shell 210 acts on the plugging component 132 through the inner hole 111. The strong air pressure acts on the plugging component 132 to compress the pneumatic component, thereby separating the plugging component 132 from the inner hole 111. The air pressure inside the battery shell 210 is released from the through hole 121 on the positive electrode cap 120 through the valve cavity 131, thereby releasing the pressure inside the battery shell 210 and avoiding battery explosion caused by excessive internal pressure. When the pressure inside the battery housing is released, the pneumatic assembly is restored, and the plugging assembly can be plugged onto the inner hole 111 to seal the inner hole 111 again, thereby achieving sealing inside the battery housing.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, the pneumatic component includes a first magnet 133 and a second magnet 134. The first magnet 133 and the second magnet 134 are both located in the valve cavity 131, and there is a gap between the outer walls of the first magnet 133 and the second magnet 134 and the inner wall of the valve cavity 131. The first magnet 133 and the second magnet 134 are installed opposite to each other with the same poles; the sealing component 132 is installed on the second magnet 134.

[0031] The first magnet 133 and the second magnet 134 are installed with the same poles opposite to each other, that is, the north pole of the first magnet 133 and the north pole of the second magnet 134 are installed opposite to each other, or the south pole of the first magnet 133 and the south pole of the second magnet 134 are installed opposite to each other, and the repulsive force generated by the same poles of the first magnet 133 and the second magnet 134 pushes the plugging component 132 against the inner hole 111, thereby sealing the inner hole 111. When the battery expands at high temperature and is squeezed internally or short-circuited externally, there is a risk of explosion, and the internal pressure of the battery housing 210 is too large to be greater than the repulsive force between the first magnet 133 and the second magnet 134, the second magnet 134 moves to drive the plugging component 132 to detach from the inner hole 111, thereby releasing the internal pressure of the battery housing 210 through the valve cavity 131 and the through hole 121.

[0032] In this embodiment, the positive electrode cap 120 has at least two through holes 121 , and the positions of the through holes 121 correspond to the gap between the pneumatic component and the valve chamber 131 , so as to effectively and quickly release the internal pressure of the battery housing 210 .

[0033] Please refer to Figure 2 In this embodiment, the pneumatic component is a spring 135, and the plugging component 132 is installed at one end of the spring 135. The deformation recovery force of the spring 135 acts on the plugging component 132, so that the plugging component 132 abuts against the inner hole 111, thereby achieving the plugging and sealing of the inner hole 111. When the battery expands at high temperature and is squeezed internally or short-circuited externally, there is a risk of explosion, and the pressure inside the battery housing 210 is too large to be greater than the deformation recovery force of the spring 135, the pressure inside the battery housing 210 acts on the plugging component 132, so that the plugging component 132 compresses the spring 135, and then the plugging component 132 is separated from the inner hole 111, so that the pressure inside the battery housing 210 is released through the valve cavity 131 and the through hole 121.

[0034] In this embodiment, the blocking component 132 blocks the inner hole 111 , and the blocking component 132 is spherical, hemispherical, cylindrical, or T-shaped. It can also be other shapes that can completely block the inner hole 111 .

[0035] Please refer to Figure 3-Figure 5 The present invention also provides a safety battery, which includes the above-mentioned lossless explosion-proof automatic decompression and exhaust structure. Figure 3 The battery has a non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure with a pneumatic assembly including a first magnet 133 and a second magnet 134. Figure 4 The pneumatic component is a battery with a non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure with a spring 135.

[0036] In this embodiment, the safety battery also includes a battery shell 210 and a battery cell 220 located inside the battery shell 210 . The non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure is installed at one end of the battery shell 210 , and the explosion-proof structure does not contact the battery cell 220 .

[0037] In this embodiment, an insulating sealing ring 140 is installed between one end of the positive electrode cap 120 and the battery housing 210, and the positive electrode cap 120 is installed on the battery housing 210 through the insulating sealing ring 140. At the same time, the positive electrode cap 120 and the battery housing 210 are insulated and isolated by the insulating sealing ring 140.

[0038] In this embodiment, an insulating seal ring 140 is also installed between the positive electrode body 110 and the battery housing 210, and the positive electrode body 110 and the battery housing 210 are insulated and isolated by the insulating seal ring 140. The positive electrode body 110 is connected to the positive electrode tab bar 230 of the battery cell 220.

[0039] The safety battery of the present invention utilizes a lossless explosion-proof automatic decompression and exhaust structure to achieve lossless and leakage-free exhaust of gas pressure, thereby preventing high-voltage explosion of the battery, effectively avoiding greater safety problems and environmental pollution problems caused by battery explosion, and effectively improving the safety and explosion-proof effect of the battery.

[0040] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. Non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure, characterized in that: It includes an exhaust mechanism arranged in the positive electrode body and a positive electrode cap covering the positive electrode body, the exhaust mechanism includes a valve cavity, a pneumatic component and a sealing component, the pneumatic component is arranged in the valve cavity with a gap between the pneumatic component and the valve cavity, and the pneumatic component is connected to the sealing component; the positive electrode body has an inner hole, one end of the inner hole is connected to the interior of the battery shell, and the other end is connected to the valve cavity, the sealing component is located at a position corresponding to the inner hole, the sealing component is used to seal the inner hole, the positive electrode cap has a through hole, and the through hole is connected to the valve cavity; the sealing component can be separated from the inner hole and compress the pneumatic component under the strong pressure inside the battery shell, thereby forming a pressure relief channel composed of the inner hole, the valve cavity and the through hole.

2. The non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pneumatic component includes a first magnet and a second magnet, both of which are located in the valve cavity, and there is a gap between the outer walls of the first magnet and the second magnet and the inner wall of the valve cavity, and the first magnet and the second magnet are installed opposite to each other with the same poles; the sealing component is installed on the second magnet.

3. The non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The positive electrode cap has at least two through holes, and the positions of the through holes correspond to the gap between the pneumatic component and the valve cavity.

4. The non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pneumatic component is a spring, and the blocking component is installed at one end of the spring.

5. The non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blocking component blocks the inner hole, and the blocking component is spherical, hemispherical, cylindrical or T-shaped.

6. Safety battery, characterized in that, It comprises the non-destructive explosion-proof automatic decompression exhaust structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. The safety battery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The safety battery further comprises a battery housing and a battery cell located inside the battery housing, and the decompression exhaust structure is installed at one end of the battery housing.

8. The safety battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: An insulating sealing ring is installed between one end of the positive electrode cap and the battery housing.

9. The safety battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: An insulating sealing ring is also installed between the positive electrode body and the battery shell.

10. The safety battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positive electrode body is connected to the positive electrode ear bar of the battery cell.

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