A low temperature freeze vacuum dryer

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature freezing vacuum drying machine, which belongs to the technical field of freeze drying processing, and comprises: a freeze drying box, a box seat system, a vacuum pump and a plate laying rack; the freeze drying box is vertically arranged above the box seat system, and a vacuum pump is installed on one side of the box seat system; four symmetrically distributed drying chambers are arranged in the freeze drying box, and a plate laying rack is installed at the center of each drying chamber, and a vacuum pipe is vertically fixed at a lower position on one side of the drying chamber, and one end of the vacuum pipe is connected with the vacuum pump; mounting plates are coaxially arranged at the upper and lower parts of the freeze drying box, and a refrigeration circulation system and a heating circulation system are arranged on the mounting plates; outer ring frames are also fixed at the upper and lower parts of the freeze drying box; the invention can alternately cool and freeze or heat and sublimate each drying chamber, thereby realizing multiple alternating cycles of freezing and sublimation, and the drying effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of freeze drying processing, in particular to a low-temperature freeze vacuum dryer. Background Art

[0002] A dryer is a mechanical device that uses heat energy to reduce the moisture content of materials and is used to dry objects. A vacuum freeze dryer combines low-temperature freezing, a vacuum environment, and drying technology to efficiently and gently remove moisture from materials. It is particularly suitable for heat-sensitive materials. Vacuum freeze drying in the prior art involves cooling the material to below freezing point, and then heating it in a vacuum environment to allow the ice in the material to sublime directly into water vapor, thereby achieving the purpose of drying. However, within only one freeze drying cycle, on the one hand, continuous heating during the drying process will lead to accumulation of thermal stress, especially for heat-sensitive materials, where long-term high temperatures will lead to loss of activity or structural damage. On the other hand, for some materials containing components that are not easy to sublime, it will cause uneven drying.

[0003] In addition, some equipment lacks the ability to turn the materials over when drying, which results in the inability to completely remove moisture from the materials.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a low-temperature freezing vacuum drying machine to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-temperature freeze vacuum dryer, comprising: a freeze drying box, a box seat system, a vacuum pump and a plate laying rack; the freeze drying box is vertically arranged above the box seat system, and a vacuum pump is installed on one side of the box seat system; four symmetrically distributed drying chambers are arranged in the freeze drying box, and a plate laying rack is installed in the center of each drying chamber, and a vacuum pipe is vertically fixed at a lower position on one side of the drying chamber, and one end of the vacuum pipe is connected to the vacuum pump;

[0006] The freeze drying box is coaxially provided with mounting plates at the upper and lower parts thereof, and a refrigeration cycle system and a heating cycle system are provided on the mounting plates, and the refrigeration cycle system and the heating cycle system are cross-distributed and are not connected to each other;

[0007] The freeze drying box is also fixed with an outer ring frame at the upper and lower parts, the mounting plate is sealingly rotatably connected in the corresponding outer ring frame, the middle part of the freeze drying box is vertically rotatably connected with a connecting rod, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the mounting plate;

[0008] The freeze drying box is provided with a motor drive unit, and the output end of the motor drive unit drives the mounting plate below to rotate forward and reversely through gear meshing; the refrigeration cycle system and the heating cycle system alternately cool and freeze or heat and sublimate each drying chamber as the steering adjustment of the mounting plate is carried out, so that the materials on the plate rack can remove their internal moisture in multiple alternating cycles of freezing and sublimation.

[0009] Further, preferably, the rotation angle of the mounting plate is not greater than 90°.

[0010] Further, as a preference, the refrigeration cycle system comprises: a cold air seat, a cold air channel, a node pipe and a collecting and draining pipe, wherein two cold air seats are symmetrically arranged on each of the mounting plates located at the upper and lower parts, a cold air channel is arranged in the cold air seat, and a discharge port corresponding to the cold air seat is opened on the mounting plate, and each of the discharge ports is connected to the corresponding cold air channel; a transfer pipe is sealed and connected to one side of the cold air seat, and a node pipe is fixed to the other end of the transfer pipe, and the collecting and draining pipe is connected between the two node pipes located at the upper part;

[0011] A right-angle tube 1 is vertically connected inside the coupling rod, one section of the right-angle tube 1 is horizontally penetrated and fixed on the inner wall of the freeze-drying box, the other section of the right-angle tube 1 is rotatably connected with a through pipe, and the upper end of the through pipe is sealed and fixed with the collecting and draining pipe, and the coupling rod is rotatably connected with the right-angle tube 1;

[0012] The two lower section pipes are respectively connected with cold air delivery pipelines.

[0013] Further, as a preference, the composition structure of the heating circulation system is the same as that of the refrigeration circulation system, wherein the two lower node pipes in the heating circulation system are respectively connected to heating pipes;

[0014] The heating circulation system is provided with right-angle pipe No. 2, the through pipe of the refrigeration circulation system is vertically connected to the collecting and draining pipe in the heating circulation system, and a connecting T-head is fixed in the through pipe, and both ends of the connecting T-head are connected to the collecting and draining pipe in the heating circulation system, the right-angle pipe No. 2 of the heating circulation system is arranged in the right-angle pipe of the refrigeration circulation system, and the upper end of the right-angle pipe No. 2 of the heating circulation system is sealed and rotatably connected to the connecting T-head.

[0015] Further, as a preference, the tray laying rack comprises an axis plate, which is vertically slidably connected in the drying bin via a mounting groove provided in the middle of the drying bin, a pressing plate is coaxially arranged on the axis plate, a central axis is vertically fixed on the pressing plate, and a plurality of trays are arranged on the central axis along its axial direction; a rotating motor is arranged in the drying bin, a guide shaft is fixed to the output end of the rotating motor, and one end of the guide shaft is slidably connected to the central axis;

[0016] The rotating motor synchronously drives the central shaft to rotate via the guide shaft.

[0017] Further, as a preference, two limiting bolts are vertically fixed on the shaft plate, the pressure plate is slidably connected to the shaft plate via the limiting bolts, and a compression spring is sleeved on the limiting bolts for pressing the pressure plate toward one side of the shaft plate;

[0018] The contact surface between the pressure plate and the shaft plate is configured as a toothed surface structure, so that when the pressure plate rotates with the guide shaft, the pressure plate and the shaft plate control the central shaft to perform high-frequency auxiliary vibration under the toothed surface contact.

[0019] Further, as a preference, an upper machine base is also fixed in the drying chamber, a guide plate is slidably connected to the lower part of the upper machine base, the guide plate is rotatably connected to the upper end of the middle shaft, a support spring is arranged below the shaft plate, and the lower end of the support spring is connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove;

[0020] A linear oscillator is symmetrically hinged on the upper machine base, and a shifting rod is hinged on the upper machine base. The telescopic end of the linear oscillator is connected to one end of the shifting rod, and the other end of the shifting rod is in contact with the guide plate.

[0021] Further, as a preference, the guide plate is abutted against the upper machine base via a limit spring arranged in the upper machine base; and the linear oscillator provides main vibration to the central axis under continuous telescopic adjustment.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The low-temperature freeze vacuum dryer of the present invention can alternately cool and freeze or heat and sublimate each drying chamber during the steering adjustment of the refrigeration cycle system and the heating cycle system, thereby realizing multiple alternating cycles of "freezing-sublimation", having a good drying effect, and can alleviate the accumulation of thermal stress caused by continuous heating, thereby ensuring the activity of the material and avoiding damage to the material structure; at the same time, the plate laying rack can realize the material turning effect through the main vibration provided by the upper machine base combined with the rotating vibration provided by the rotating motor, thereby further ensuring that the moisture is completely removed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the freeze drying box in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A top view of the freeze drying chamber of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the freeze drying chamber of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the refrigeration cycle system in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the right-angle tube in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the distribution of right-angle tubes in the refrigeration cycle system and the heating cycle system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the plate laying rack in the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the central axis plate and the pressing plate of the tray laying rack in the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper base and the linear oscillator in the present invention;

[0034] In the figure: 1. Freeze drying box; 11. Box seat system; 12. Vacuum pump; 13. Mounting plate; 14. Drying chamber; 15. Vacuum pipe; 16. Outer ring frame; 17. Connecting rod; 2. Refrigeration cycle system; 21. Cold air seat; 22. Cold air channel; 23. Section pipe; 24. Collecting and draining pipe; 25. Discharge port; 26. Right angle pipe one; 27. Cold air delivery pipeline; 28. Connecting T-head; 29. ​​Right angle pipe two; 210. Through pipe; 3. Heating cycle system; 4. Plate rack; 41. Middle axis; 42. Axis plate; 43. Press plate; 44. Guide shaft; 45. Rotating motor; 46. Limit bolt; 47. Material tray; 5. Upper machine base; 51. Linear oscillator; 52. Push rod; 53. Guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] See also Figure 1-Figure 10 In an embodiment of the present invention, a low-temperature freeze vacuum dryer comprises: a freeze drying box 1, a box seat system 11, a vacuum pump 12 and a plate laying rack 4; the freeze drying box 1 is vertically arranged above the box seat system 11, and a vacuum pump 12 is installed on one side of the box seat system 11; four symmetrically distributed drying chambers 14 are arranged in the freeze drying box 1, and a plate laying rack 4 is installed in the center of each drying chamber 14, and a vacuum pipe 15 is vertically fixed at a lower position on one side of the drying chamber 14, and one end of the vacuum pipe 15 is connected to the vacuum pump 12;

[0036] The freeze drying box 1 is coaxially provided with a mounting plate 13 at the upper and lower parts thereof, and a refrigeration cycle system 2 and a heating cycle system 3 are provided on the mounting plate 13. The refrigeration cycle system 2 and the heating cycle system 3 are cross-distributed and are not connected to each other.

[0037] The freeze drying box 1 is also fixed with an outer ring frame 16 at the upper and lower parts, and the mounting plate 13 is sealed and rotatably connected in the corresponding outer ring frame 16. The middle part of the freeze drying box 1 is vertically rotatably connected with a connecting rod 17, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting rod 17 are respectively connected to the mounting plate 13;

[0038] The freeze drying box 1 is provided with a motor drive unit, and the output end of the motor drive unit drives the mounting plate 13 below to rotate forward and reversely through gear meshing; the refrigeration cycle system 2 and the heating cycle system 3 alternately cool and freeze or heat and sublimate each drying chamber 14 according to the rotation adjustment of the mounting plate 13, so that the material on the plate rack 4 can remove its internal moisture in multiple alternating cycles of freezing and sublimation; compared with the single freezing or sublimation in the traditional technology, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0039] First, multiple freezing can redistribute the moisture inside the material, reduce the size of ice crystals, make the subsequent sublimation process more uniform, and avoid local over-drying or wet spots;

[0040] Second, step-by-step drying reduces the amount of water that needs to be sublimated in each step, reduces the physical stress on the material structure, and helps maintain the original shape and structural integrity of the material;

[0041] Third, by finely controlling the freezing and drying steps, heat-sensitive or structure-sensitive materials can be better protected;

[0042] Fourth, for materials with large thickness or irregular shapes, multiple cycles can more effectively penetrate deep moisture and achieve consistent drying effects inside and outside.

[0043] In this embodiment, the rotation angle of the mounting plate 13 is not greater than 90°.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, the refrigeration cycle system 2 includes: a cold air seat 21, a cold air channel 22, a node pipe 23 and a collecting and draining pipe 24, wherein two cold air seats 21 are symmetrically arranged on each of the upper and lower mounting plates 13, a cold air channel 22 is arranged in the cold air seat 21, and a discharge port 25 corresponding to the cold air seat is opened on the mounting plate 13, and each of the discharge ports 25 is connected to the corresponding cold air channel 22; a transfer pipe is sealed and connected to one side of the cold air seat 21, and a node pipe 23 is fixed to the other end of the transfer pipe, and the collecting and draining pipe 24 is connected between the two node pipes 23 located at the top;

[0045] A right-angle tube 26 is vertically connected inside the coupling rod 17, one section of the right-angle tube 26 is horizontally penetrated and fixed on the inner wall of the freeze-drying box 1, and the other section of the right-angle tube 26 is rotatably connected to a through pipe 210, and the upper end of the through pipe 210 is sealed and fixed to the collecting and draining pipe 24, and the coupling rod 17 is rotatably connected to the right-angle tube 26; that is, a guide groove is provided on the side wall of the coupling rod 17, so that the right-angle tube 26 slides with the guide groove when the coupling rod 17 rotates;

[0046] The two section pipes 23 located at the bottom are respectively connected to cold air delivery pipes 27, that is, the cold air transported in the cold air delivery pipes 27 enters each drying bin 14 through the cold air seat 21 below. After cooling the material, it can enter the collecting and exhaust pipe 24 through the cold air seat 21 above, and finally be discharged through the right-angle pipe 26 (the working principle of the heating circulation system is the same as above).

[0047] In this embodiment, the composition structure of the heating circulation system 3 is the same as that of the refrigeration circulation system 2, wherein the two lower joint pipes 23 in the heating circulation system 3 are respectively connected to heating pipes;

[0048] The heating circulation system 3 is provided with a right-angle pipe 29, the through pipe 210 of the refrigeration circulation system 2 is vertically connected to the collecting and draining pipe 24 in the heating circulation system 3, and a connecting T-head 28 is fixed in the through pipe 210, and both ends of the connecting T-head 28 are connected to the collecting and draining pipe 24 in the heating circulation system 3. The right-angle pipe 29 of the heating circulation system 3 is arranged in the right-angle pipe 1 26 of the refrigeration circulation system 2, and the upper end of the right-angle pipe 29 of the heating circulation system 3 is sealed and rotatably connected to the connecting T-head 28.

[0049] In this embodiment, the tray laying rack 4 includes an axis plate 42, which is vertically slidably connected to the drying bin 14 through a mounting groove provided in the middle of the drying bin 14, a pressing plate 43 is coaxially arranged on the axis plate 42, a central axis 41 is vertically fixed on the pressing plate 43, and a plurality of trays 47 are arranged on the central axis 41 along its axial direction; a rotating motor 45 is arranged in the drying bin 14, a guide shaft 44 is fixed to the output end of the rotating motor 45, and one end of the guide shaft 44 is slidably connected to the central axis 41;

[0050] The rotary motor 45 synchronously drives the central shaft 41 to rotate via the guide shaft 44, thereby driving the material tray 47 to rotate during the material cooling and drying.

[0051] In this embodiment, two limiting bolts 46 are vertically fixed on the shaft plate 42, and the pressure plate 43 is slidably connected to the shaft plate 42 through the limiting bolts 46. A compression spring is sleeved on the limiting bolts 46 to press the pressure plate 43 toward one side of the shaft plate 42;

[0052] The contact surface between the pressure plate 43 and the shaft plate 42 is configured as a toothed surface structure, so that when the pressure plate 43 rotates with the guide shaft 44 , the pressure plate 43 and the shaft plate 42 control the middle shaft 41 to perform high-frequency auxiliary vibration under the tooth surface contact, so as to provide a shaking effect on the material on the material tray 47 .

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, an upper machine base 5 is also fixed in the drying chamber 14, a guide plate 53 is slidably connected to the lower part of the upper machine base 5, the guide plate 53 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the middle shaft 41, a support spring is arranged below the shaft plate 42, and the lower end of the support spring is connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove;

[0054] A linear oscillator 51 is symmetrically hinged on the upper machine base 5 , and a lever 52 is hinged on the upper machine base 5 . The telescopic end of the linear oscillator 51 is connected to one end of the lever 52 , and the other end of the lever 52 is in contact with the guide plate 53 .

[0055] In this embodiment, the guide plate 53 is abutted against the upper machine base 5 by a limit spring arranged in the upper machine base 5; the linear oscillator 51 provides main vibration to the center axis 41 under continuous telescopic adjustment. It should be noted that the linear oscillator provides large-amplitude and low-frequency vibration to the center axis 41 below the guide plate 53 through the lever 52, so that the materials can be separated and agglomeration can be prevented, so that the contact area of ​​the materials is increased during the drying process and the drying is more uniform; and the small-amplitude and low-frequency vibration provided by the rotational contact between the tooth surface of the pressure plate 43 and the shaft plate 42 can make the material turn over to cause the surface of the material to be continuously renewed, so that the heat energy acts more evenly on every part of the material.

[0056] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-temperature freeze vacuum dryer, comprising: A freeze drying chamber (1), a chamber seat system (11), a vacuum pump (12) and a plate laying rack (4); the characteristics are: the freeze drying chamber (1) is vertically arranged above the chamber seat system (11), and the vacuum pump (12) is installed on one side of the chamber seat system (11); The freeze drying box (1) is provided with four symmetrically distributed drying chambers (14), a plate laying rack (4) is installed at the center of each drying chamber (14), a vacuum pipe (15) is vertically fixed at a lower position on one side of the drying chamber (14), and one end of the vacuum pipe (15) is connected to a vacuum pump (12); The freeze drying box (1) is coaxially provided with a mounting plate (13) at the upper and lower parts thereof, and a refrigeration circulation system (2) and a heating circulation system (3) are provided on the mounting plate (13); the refrigeration circulation system (2) and the heating circulation system (3) are arranged in a cross-shaped manner and are not interconnected; An outer ring frame (16) is fixed to the upper and lower parts of the freeze drying box (1), and the mounting plate (13) is connected to the corresponding outer ring frame (16) in a sealed manner. A connecting rod (17) is connected to the middle part of the freeze drying box (1) in a vertically rotatable manner, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting rod (17) are respectively connected to the mounting plate (13); The freeze drying box (1) is provided with a motor drive unit, and the output end of the motor drive unit drives the mounting plate (13) below to rotate forward and reverse through the meshing action of gears; The refrigeration circulation system (2) and the heating circulation system (3) alternately cool and freeze or heat and sublimate each drying chamber (14) as the rotation direction of the mounting plate (13) is adjusted, so that the material on the plate rack (4) can remove its internal moisture in multiple alternating cycles of freezing and sublimation; The refrigeration cycle system (2) comprises: a cold air seat (21), a cold air passage (22), a junction pipe (23) and a collecting and draining pipe (24), wherein two cold air seats (21) are symmetrically arranged on each of the upper and lower mounting plates (13), a cold air passage (22) is arranged in the cold air seat (21), and a discharge port (25) corresponding to the cold air seat (21) is opened on the mounting plate (13), and each discharge port (25) is connected to a corresponding cold air passage (22); One side of the cooling air seat (21) is sealed with a transfer tube, the other end of the transfer tube is fixed with a node tube (23), and the two node tubes (23) located at the top are connected to the collecting and draining pipe (24); A right-angle tube (26) is vertically connected inside the connecting rod (17); one section of the right-angle tube (26) is horizontally penetrated and fixed on the inner wall of the freeze-drying box (1); the other section of the right-angle tube (26) is rotatably connected to a through tube (210); the upper end of the through tube (210) is sealed and fixed to the collecting and draining pipe (24); and the connecting rod (17) is rotatably connected to the right-angle tube (26); The two lower joint pipes (23) are respectively connected to cold air delivery pipes (27).

2. A low-temperature freeze vacuum dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation angle of the mounting plate (13) is no greater than 90°.

3. A low-temperature freeze vacuum dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The composition structure of the heating circulation system (3) is the same as that of the refrigeration circulation system (2), wherein the two lower joint pipes (23) in the heating circulation system (3) are respectively connected to heating pipes; The heating circulation system (3) is provided with a right-angled pipe (29); the through pipe (210) of the refrigeration circulation system (2) is vertically connected to the collecting and draining pipe (24) in the heating circulation system (3); and a connecting T-head (28) is fixed in the through pipe (210); both ends of the connecting T-head (28) are connected to the collecting and draining pipe (24) in the heating circulation system (3); the right-angled pipe (29) of the heating circulation system (3) is arranged in the right-angled pipe (26) of the refrigeration circulation system (2); and the upper end of the right-angled pipe (29) of the heating circulation system (3) is sealed and rotatably connected to the connecting T-head (28).

4. A low-temperature freeze vacuum dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tray laying frame (4) comprises an axis plate (42) which is vertically slidably connected to the drying bin (14) via a mounting groove provided in the middle of the drying bin (14); a pressing plate (43) is coaxially arranged on the axis plate (42); a central axis (41) is vertically fixed on the pressing plate (43); and a plurality of trays (47) are arranged on the central axis (41) along its axial direction; A rotating motor (45) is arranged in the drying chamber (14); a guide shaft (44) is fixed to the output end of the rotating motor (45); one end of the guide shaft (44) is slidably connected to the central shaft (41); the rotating motor (45) synchronously drives the central shaft (41) to rotate via the guide shaft (44).

5. A low-temperature freeze vacuum dryer according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two limiting bolts (46) are vertically fixed on the shaft plate (42), and the pressure plate (43) is slidably connected to the shaft plate (42) via the limiting bolts (46). A compression spring is sleeved on the limiting bolts (46) for pressing the pressure plate (43) toward one side of the shaft plate (42); The contact surface between the pressure plate (43) and the shaft plate (42) is configured as a toothed surface structure, so that when the pressure plate (43) rotates with the guide shaft (44), the pressure plate (43) and the shaft plate (42) control the middle shaft (41) to perform high-frequency auxiliary vibration under the toothed surface contact.

6. A low-temperature freeze vacuum dryer according to claim 5, characterized in that: An upper machine base (5) is also fixed in the drying chamber (14), a guide plate (53) is slidably connected to the lower part of the upper machine base (5), the guide plate (53) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the middle shaft (41), a support spring is arranged below the shaft plate (42), and the lower end of the support spring is connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove; A linear oscillator (51) is symmetrically hinged on the upper machine base (5), and a lever (52) is hinged on the upper machine base (5); the telescopic end of the linear oscillator (51) is connected to one end of the lever (52), and the other end of the lever (52) is in abutment with the guide plate (53).

7. A low-temperature freeze vacuum dryer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide plate (53) abuts against the upper machine base (5) via a limit spring arranged in the upper machine base (5); the linear oscillator (51) provides main vibration to the central axis (41) under continuous telescopic adjustment.

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