Convergence monitoring point distribution device for large-diameter shield tunnel

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of tunnel structure parameter monitoring and measurement, and particularly relates to a large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point distribution device. Comprising a horizontal ruler, a waist ruler and a reflector pasting device arranged at the tail end of the waist ruler, the horizontal ruler is formed by splicing three separated ruler sections and comprises a horizontal ruler middle section arranged in the middle and horizontal ruler extending sections located on the two sides, and the splicing positions of the horizontal ruler middle section and the horizontal ruler extending sections are connected through screws and flange rings; the contact point of the end part of the extension section of the leveling instrument and the shield wall is arc-shaped, the upper part of the contact point is an inclined surface, and a groove is formed in the inclined surface; the waist ruler adopts a telescopic multi-stage hollow round rod, one end of the waist ruler is provided with a positioning and limiting ball shaft which is matched with the inclined surface groove of the extension section of the horizontal ruler, and the other end of the waist ruler is provided with a threaded hole. The method has the advantages that the measuring points can be quickly arranged; the measuring points are distributed in a high-efficiency, high-quality and high-accuracy manner; different stationing requirements are met; flexibility is improved and equipment deformation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of tunnel structure parameter monitoring and measurement, and in particular relates to a convergence monitoring point arrangement device for a large-diameter shield tunnel. Background Art

[0002] The choice of staggered or through-joint splicing for shield tunnels is usually related to the diameter of the shield. At present, the diameter of single-line (or single-hole) tunnels in urban rail transit in my country is generally between 5m and 6.5m. This diameter can ensure the safe passage of trains, avoid collision and friction between trains and tunnel walls, and ensure the stability of the tunnel, which has certain economy and feasibility. For such shields with relatively small diameters, through-joint splicing is usually adopted to achieve rapid construction. On the contrary, the larger the diameter of the shield, the more complex the construction environment it needs to adapt to. For example, in the construction of urban underground tunnels for urban lines, staggered splicing is required to reduce the danger of concentrated force at the splicing points.

[0003] As one of the important indicators for evaluating the safety performance of tunnels, the convergence of shield tunnels needs to be paid special attention to and is a must-measure item. At present, most cities still use manual measurement. For small and medium-sized shield tunnels with a diameter of about 6m or less, the through-seam splicing process is adopted, and the through-seam of the pipe segments is continuous, neat and easy to identify. When arranging convergence monitoring points in the middle section where a certain ring segment is perpendicular to the tunnel axis, the theoretical distance L between the position of the measuring point to be arranged and the through-seam of the pipe segment is first calculated by designing the cross-section diagram. After that, the rough point arrangement method usually takes the through-seam of the pipe segment in the middle and upper part of the two waists of the tunnel as the reference, and manually uses tools such as steel tape measures to measure the theoretical distance L downward, so as to roughly determine the location of the convergence monitoring measuring point to be arranged. Then, a cross mark is engraved at the proposed measuring point, a grid is sprayed, or a reflective sheet is pasted as the convergence monitoring position.

[0004] When making observation point signs on site, for tunnels with a diameter of less than 6m, construction workers of standard height (1.7m) can use existing drainage pipes, escape platforms and other ancillary facilities in the tunnel and tools such as steel tape measures to easily complete the measurement point layout work without the need for equipment such as aerial platforms or ladders, and the installation accuracy is also easy to ensure.

[0005] At present, the urban rail transit vigorously developed by various provinces and cities is another new supplementary form of urban rail transit, also known as suburban rail transit. It is a fast line serving the main urban area and new town, near the urban town and new town. The stations are connected by medium and long distance interval lines, and together with the urban subway lines, they form a complete urban rail transit system. The planned mileage has repeatedly set new records, and the number of kilometers of operation and maintenance intervals required in the future is relatively large. Its station spacing, speed target and other indicators are between national railways and urban rail transit. Correspondingly, the tunnel diameter is larger than that of urban rail transit tunnels, usually 8-12m, and is usually designed as a double line from the perspective of actual use and economics. Double-track tunnels are generally divided into two types: one is a single-hole double-track, and the other is a double-hole double-track.

[0006] The traditional convergence monitoring point distribution method for small-diameter shield tunnels introduced above has the following problems when implemented in the scenario of large-diameter shield tunnels: First, the manual measurement point distribution method based on the internal characteristics of the tunnel is not very accurate. For example, the process of staggered splicing makes it easy to confuse the measurement basis when manually monitoring the point distribution, and the deviation between construction and design will cause a certain misalignment of the point distribution position; second, the larger tunnel diameter makes it difficult for personnel to implement monitoring point distribution without the help of external equipment such as aerial platforms; third, the applicability of the simple point distribution device is poor. The principle is to customize the equipment after calculating the length of the bottom scale and waist scale through the theoretical design cross-section of the large-diameter shield tunnel, and then cooperate with three separate scale segments. Finally, the manual point distribution operation is carried out through equipment such as aerial ladders or work vehicles. This method has the disadvantages of being difficult to carry, only applicable to one tunnel diameter, easy deformation of the device, unstable contact of the scale segments, and relatively rough construction process. In order to efficiently and accurately complete the convergence monitoring point layout work of large-diameter shield tunnels, it is necessary to develop a convergence monitoring point layout device that is portable, easy to operate, and does not require external mechanical equipment to improve the accuracy and efficiency of this work. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the implementation of the traditional small-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point layout method in the large-diameter shield tunnel scenario. The manual measurement point layout method based on the internal characteristics of the tunnel is not accurate. The larger tunnel diameter makes it difficult for personnel to implement monitoring point layout work without the help of external aerial platforms and other equipment. The applicability of the simply made point layout device is poor. A large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point layout device is provided to improve the efficiency of the large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point layout work and the portability of the equipment, adapt to the construction needs of multiple tunnel diameters, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of shield construction.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention designs a large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point arrangement device, including a level ruler, a waist ruler and a reflective sheet pasting device arranged at the end of the waist ruler. The level ruler is formed by splicing three separate ruler sections, including a middle section of the level ruler arranged in the middle, and extension sections of the level ruler located on both sides. The joints of the middle section of the level ruler and the extension sections of the level ruler are connected by screws and flange rings. The contact point between the end of the horizontal ruler extension section and the shield wall is in an arc shape, which is used to be stably placed on the arc-shaped segment. The upper part of the contact point is an inclined surface, and a groove is provided on the inclined surface. The waist ruler adopts a retractable multi-stage hollow round rod. A positioning and limiting ball shaft is provided at one end of the waist ruler, which cooperates with the inclined slope groove of the horizontal ruler extension section to limit the freedom of the waist ruler so that it can only rotate along the groove position. A threaded hole is provided at the other end of the waist ruler for connecting the reflective sheet pasting device.

[0009] Preferably, a level bubble is embedded and fixed in the middle section of the level ruler.

[0010] Preferably, locking rings are provided between the telescopic rods at each stage of the waist ruler.

[0011] Preferably, the reflective sheet pasting device consists of two parts: a threaded steel rod and a steel sheet with a cross partition on the back. The threaded steel rod at the lower part is connected to the threaded hole at the other end of the waist ruler. A steel sheet with a cross partition on the back is welded to the upper part of the threaded steel rod. The size of the steel sheet matches the size of the reflective sheet to be used.

[0012] Preferably, the flexible magnetic reflective sheet has a three-layer structure, including a lower adhesive layer, a middle flexible magnetic layer and a surface reflective texture layer. The adhesive layer is used to stick the reflective sheet on the surface of the shield tunnel, the texture layer is used to determine the center position of the reflective sheet and assist in measurement, and the middle flexible magnetic layer is used to be adsorbed and fixed to the reflective sheet sticking device with a transverse partition steel sheet.

[0013] Preferably, the level ruler extension section can be replaced by a retractable level ruler extension section, and the retractable level ruler extension section has an open hollow structure on one side close to the level ruler middle section, which is used for inserting the level ruler middle section and is tightened and connected with screws.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: When arranging convergence measuring points in a large-diameter shield tunnel, this device can be used to complete the measurement point layout conveniently and quickly.

[0015] First, in the absence of a ladder or aerial work vehicle, two operators can cooperate to complete the measurement point layout with high efficiency, quality and accuracy; Second, the standardized segmental design and universal modular combination can meet the needs of deployment in various tunnel structures with different diameters, different escape platform heights, with or without central partition walls; Third, the segmented design makes it easier for operators to carry, improves flexibility, reduces deformation during storage, and improves device accuracy during long-term high-frequency operations; Fourth, the device will not significantly change the traditional deployment method, and it can achieve rapid deployment of large-diameter shield tunnels without excessive modification of existing materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the point arrangement device and tunnel section of a large shield tunnel without a central partition wall; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the middle section and the extension section of the level ruler; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the horizontal ruler extension section and the waist ruler; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the waist ruler; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the waist ruler and the reflective pasting device; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a flexible magnetic reflective sheet; Figure 7 It is a side cross-sectional view of a flexible magnetic reflective sheet; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the point arrangement device and tunnel section of a large shield tunnel with a central partition wall structure; Fig. 9 This is a structural diagram of the extension section of the retractable horizontal ruler; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the calculation for large shield tunnel construction.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Level ruler; 1-1. Middle section of level ruler; 1-2. Extension section of level ruler; 1-3. Retractable extension section of level ruler; 2. Waist ruler; 3. Reflective sheet pasting device; 3-1. Threaded steel rod; 3-2. Steel sheet with horizontal partition on the back; 4. Flexible magnetic reflective sheet; 4-1. Lower pasting layer; 4-2. Flexible magnetic layer; 4-3. Surface reflective texture layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, principle and structure of the present invention more clear, it is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] The present invention provides a large-diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point arrangement device, which is mainly composed of a level ruler 1, a waist ruler 2 and a reflective sheet pasting device at the end of the waist ruler. It can be combined with a flexible magnetic reflective sheet 4 to achieve rapid arrangement of large-diameter shield tunnels. Figure 1 , Fig. 9 In this scenario, there are two situations: tunnel structures with a central partition wall and tunnel structures without a central partition wall.

[0020] 1. For large shield tunnels without central partition walls (or tunnels during construction) (1) See Figure 1 , Figure 2 The level 1 is made of three separate sections. The middle section 1-1 and the extension sections 1-2 at both ends of the level are made of rectangular aluminum alloy structure. The middle section 1-1 and the extension section 1-2 of the level are connected by screws and flange rings at the joints; a level bubble is embedded and fixed in the middle section of the level; the length of the extension section of the level should be 1.5-2m, which is convenient to carry. Different standard length sections can also be customized according to different tunnel diameters; the extension section 1-2 of the level is also extended and connected by screws and flange rings to adapt to different tunnel diameters.

[0021] See also Figure 3 The contact points between the two ends of the horizontal ruler extension section 1-2 and the shield wall are arc-shaped, which is convenient for placing them firmly on the arc-shaped pipe segment; the upper part of the contact point is an inclined slope, which is used to firmly place the waist ruler; when in use, the two end sections are respectively connected to the middle section with flanges and screws. After the connection, the overall combined ruler section is placed on the shield wall, and the level is manually adjusted, with the horizontal bubble in the middle ruler section centered; the lower part of the telescopic round rod at the lowest end of the waist ruler 2 has a positioning and limiting ball shaft, which is fixed to the inclined slope at the end of the horizontal rod through a slot, limiting the freedom of the waist ruler so that it can only rotate along the slot.

[0022] (2) See Figure 4 , Figure 5 The waist ruler adopts a retractable multi-stage hollow round rod; the maximum outer diameter of the round rod is about 35mm, and it can be retracted in 4-5 stages. After the overall contraction, the total length of a single round rod is about 1m; there are locking rings between the telescopic rods at each stage. After adjusting the length, the locking ring can be rotated to lock the telescopic rod; there is a threaded hole on the inner side of the upper end of the front end of the telescopic rod, and the reflective sheet sticking device 3 can be fixed by threads.

[0023] (3) See Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 The reflective sheet pasting device 3 consists of a threaded steel rod 3-1 and a steel sheet 3-2 with a cross partition on the back. The lower threaded steel rod can be screwed into the threaded hole on the inner side of the front end of the telescopic multi-stage round rod at the upper end of the waist ruler 2. A steel sheet with an edge on the back is welded on the upper part of the threaded steel rod. The size of the steel sheet is consistent with the size of the reflective sheet to be used.

[0024] The flexible magnetic reflective sheet 4 required for point distribution is a customized three-layer structure, which includes a lower adhesive layer 4-1, a middle flexible magnetic layer 4-2, and a surface reflective texture layer 4-3. The adhesive layer 4-1 is used to stick the reflective sheet on the surface of the shield tunnel, the texture layer 4-3 is used to determine the center position of the reflective sheet and assist in measurement, and the middle flexible magnetic layer 4-2 is used for simple adsorption and fixation with the edged steel sheet.

[0025] 2. For large shield tunnels (or tunnels during construction) with intermediate partition walls, the point distribution device See also Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , the middle section 1-1 of the level ruler and the extension section 1-2 of the level ruler near the side of the middle partition wall structure are the same as the aforementioned point arrangement device without middle partition wall. However, for the point arrangement device of the tunnel structure without middle partition wall, tunnels of different diameters can be adapted by increasing or decreasing the extension sections of the level ruler, or selecting the extension sections of the level ruler of appropriate length. Since there is no middle partition wall structure, the assembled level ruler sections can be horizontally erected on a horizontal chord between the two sides of the tunnel. In the height direction, a suitable position below the horizontal cross diameter can always be found to stably erect the level ruler on the two sides of the tunnel.

[0026] In a tunnel structure with a central partition wall, when using this device to arrange measuring points, the existing structure of the tunnel, namely the escape platform, is used, and one end of the level ruler is set on the escape platform. Due to the different diameters of different tunnels and the differences in the distance between the escape platform and the tunnel roadbed, the length of the level ruler after splicing the standard length segments may not be exactly placed horizontally on the escape platform and the tunnel side wall. Therefore, in order to adapt to different tunnel structure sizes, a level ruler extension section 1-3 is set at one end close to the tunnel segment.

[0027] The horizontal ruler extension section 1-3 has the function of telescopic and fixing, and the telescopic length is preferably 1m, so as to cope with various tunnels with different diameters and different escape platform heights. The waist ruler 2 and the reflective sheet pasting device 3 in the distribution device with a central partition wall tunnel structure are consistent with the distribution device without a central partition wall, with universal components and the same basic connection method.

[0028] 3. The operation process of using this device to construct a large diameter shield tunnel is as follows (see Fig.10 ): 1. Assemble the ruler, calculate the length of the ruler, and adjust the ruler level According to the designed diameter D of the tunnel, select standard segments of the level with appropriate length for splicing and assembly, and place the assembled level segments horizontally on the shield segments (make sure that the level is placed at a height within the range of an adult's upright upper body); adjust the posture of the level segments so that the level bubble in the middle section of the level is centered, ensuring that the level segments are placed horizontally and firmly.

[0029] 2. Calculate the length of the level ① Calculate the total length of the horizontal ruler after connection based on the length of each standard section, record it as L, and check it in combination with on-site measurement; 3. Calculate waist length (calculate waist length using a fixed formula) ②The vertical distance H between the level ruler and the tunnel transverse diameter: ③ Calculation formula for waist ruler length h: 4. Adjust the length of the waist ruler and place it on the horizontal ruler end Adjust the telescopic rod of the waist ruler to the length h on site, measure and fix the length of the waist ruler manually with a steel tape measure, with the starting point being the bottom of the waist ruler and the starting and ending point being the edge on the back of the reflective sheet sticking device, and place the waist ruler in the reserved installation slot of the level ruler. Ensure that the waist ruler and the level ruler are on the same section through the limit device at the connection between the waist ruler and the level ruler.

[0030] 5. Place the magnetic reflective sheet and stick it on A magnetic reflective sticker 4 is placed on the reflective sheet pasting device 3 at the top of the waist ruler. The flexible magnetic reflective sticker is connected to the device 3 by adsorption force and only serves as a fixing function. Then, the waist ruler is gently placed on the tunnel segment by its own weight, and the reflective sheet pasting action is completed by the glue on the pasting surface of the reflective sheet.

[0031] 6. Move the device to the next section and repeat steps 1-5 Continue to complete the layout work of other sections.

[0032] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent substitutions or changes according to the technical solutions and novel concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point distribution device, characterized in that It includes a level ruler, a waist ruler and a reflective sheet sticking device arranged at the end of the waist ruler. The level ruler is formed by splicing three separate ruler sections, including a middle section of the level ruler arranged in the middle, and extension sections of the level ruler located on both sides. The joints of the middle section of the level ruler and the extension sections of the level ruler are connected by screws and flange rings. The contact point between the end of the horizontal ruler extension section and the shield wall is in an arc shape, which is used to be stably placed on the arc-shaped segment. The upper part of the contact point is an inclined surface, and a groove is provided on the inclined surface. The waist ruler adopts a retractable multi-stage hollow round rod. A positioning and limiting ball shaft is provided at one end of the waist ruler, which cooperates with the inclined slope groove of the horizontal ruler extension section to limit the freedom of the waist ruler so that it can only rotate along the groove position. A threaded hole is provided at the other end of the waist ruler for connecting the reflective sheet pasting device.

2. A large diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point arrangement device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that A level bubble is embedded and fixed in the middle section of the spirit level.

3. A large diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point arrangement device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that Locking rings are provided between the telescopic rods at each level of the waist ruler.

4. A large diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point arrangement device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The reflective sheet pasting device consists of two parts: a threaded steel rod and a steel sheet with a cross partition on the back. The threaded steel rod at the lower part is connected with the threaded hole at the other end of the waist ruler. A steel sheet with a cross partition on the back is welded to the upper part of the threaded steel rod. The size of the steel sheet matches the size of the reflective sheet to be used.

5. A large diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point arrangement device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a flexible magnetic reflective sheet, which has a three-layer structure, namely a lower adhesive layer, a middle flexible magnetic layer and a surface reflective texture layer. The adhesive layer is used to stick the reflective sheet on the surface of the shield tunnel, the texture layer is used to determine the center position of the reflective sheet and assist in measurement, and the middle flexible magnetic layer is used to be adsorbed and fixed to the reflective sheet sticking device with a cross-partition steel sheet.

6. A large diameter shield tunnel convergence monitoring point arrangement device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The level ruler extension section can be replaced by a telescopic level ruler extension section, and the telescopic level ruler extension section has an open hollow structure on one side close to the level ruler middle section, which is used for inserting the level ruler middle section and is tightened and connected with screws.

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