Ore prospecting exploration method for ion adsorption type rare earth ore

Abstract

The invention provides a prospecting exploration method for ion adsorption type rare earth ore, and belongs to the technical field of geological mineral exploration, and the prospecting exploration method comprises the following steps: delineating an ore-forming mother rock area in a working area according to the existing ore points of the ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the working area and in combination with a geochemical exploration abnormal area; delineating a favorable metallogenic landform area in the working area through a GIS space analysis technology; carrying out superposition analysis on the ore-forming mother rock area and the favorable ore-forming landform area, and determining a favorable ore-forming prospective area in the working area through comparison; collecting a sample in the metallogenic distant view area, and verifying whether mineralization abnormity exists in the metallogenic distant view area or not by using a rare earth ion leaching-titration precipitation method; and in an area with mineralization abnormity in the metallogenic distant view area, exploration and evaluation are carried out by arranging Gannan drills in the metallogenic distant view area, the resource quantity of the metallogenic distant view area is calculated, and the prospecting exploration range of the ion adsorption type rare earth ore is determined. According to the method, the metallogenic prospective area can be rapidly delineated in a large range, the working range is reduced, and the efficiency of exploration work is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological mineral exploration, and in particular to a method for prospecting and exploring ion-adsorption type rare earth ores. Background Art

[0002] Ion adsorption rare earth ore is a type of ore with unique characteristics and strategic significance among many types of rare earth deposits, mainly distributed in South my country. The mine has a complete distribution of rare earth species, rich in medium and heavy rare earth resources with extremely high industrial value but difficult to obtain from other rare earth minerals, and the extraction process is simple, the mine production efficiency is high, and it occupies a pivotal position among all types of rare earth deposits.

[0003] Ion-adsorption rare earth ore is a typical "endogenous-exogenous" deposit. The prerequisite for its mineralization is that the weathered bedrock is rich in rare earth elements, which provides a material basis for rare earth mineralization. Secondly, exogenous geological action is also one of the important influencing factors. During the formation of the weathering crust, it promotes the dissociation, migration and enrichment of rare earth elements in the parent rock into mineralization.

[0004] At present, the exploration method for ion adsorption rare earth minerals is mainly based on geological surveys, combined with sampling and analysis using Gannan Drill. The use of this method will result in too wide a scope of work. Under the premise that the scope of work cannot be further narrowed, it has the disadvantages of low efficiency, excessive investment in manpower, material resources and financial resources, etc. How to quickly and extensively screen areas that meet both internal and external geological conditions, delineate prospective mineralization areas, and narrow the scope of work has become a current research trend. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a prospecting and exploration method for ion-adsorption type rare earth ores, which utilizes DEM data, based on GIS spatial analysis technology, according to the distribution characteristics of favorable mineralization terrain factor values, and combines existing mineral points and mineralization parent rock areas delineated by geochemical data to quickly and accurately determine the scope of the mineralization prospecting area. Through field titration experiments, it is possible to quickly and widely delineate the mineralization prospecting area and lock the prospecting target area, and use Gannan drill to efficiently evaluate the rare earth resources, thereby improving the efficiency of exploration work.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: A method for prospecting and exploring an ion adsorption type rare earth ore comprises the following steps: Based on the existing mineral points of ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the working area and the areas with geochemical anomalies, the mineralization parent rock area in the working area is delineated; Use GIS spatial analysis technology to delineate favorable mineralization topographical and geomorphic areas of ion adsorption type rare earth deposits in the work area; Conducting superposition analysis on the mineralization parent rock area and the favorable mineralization topography and geomorphology area, and determining the favorable mineralization prospect area of ​​ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the working area by comparison; Collecting samples in the mineralization prospective area, testing the samples, and verifying whether there is mineralization anomaly in the mineralization prospective area; There are areas with abnormal mineralization in the mineralization prospective area. By deploying Gannan drill in the mineralization prospective area for exploration and evaluation, the resource volume of the mineralization prospective area is calculated, and the exploration scope of ion-adsorption rare earth mines is determined.

[0007] Preferably, the method of delineating the mineralization parent rock area in the working area based on the existing mineral points of ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the working area and combining the area of ​​geochemical anomaly includes: Collect and organize the existing mining data information of ion adsorption type rare earth mines in the work area, and organize and analyze the mineralization distribution characteristics of the mining points; Combine regional information data of geochemical anomalies to identify mineralization hotspots within the work area; Through comprehensive analysis and comparison, potential mineralization parent rock areas are identified to provide direction for subsequent exploration work.

[0008] Preferably, the mineralization distribution characteristics of the mineralization site include the favorable mineralization parent rock type, lithology, alteration type, mineral combination, and geochemical characteristics of the ion-adsorption type rare earth ore.

[0009] Preferably, the method of delineating favorable mineralization topographical and geomorphic areas of ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the working area by GIS spatial analysis technology includes: Get digital elevation model DEM data; Based on the obtained digital elevation model DEM data, the favorable mineralization terrain factor values ​​are extracted and calculated through GIS spatial analysis technology; Based on the distribution characteristics of the favorable mineralization terrain factor values ​​in the working area, a favorable mineralization terrain and geomorphic area with mineralization potential is delineated.

[0010] Preferably, the favorable mineralization terrain factor values ​​include micro-terrain factor values ​​and macro-terrain factor values, the micro-terrain factor values ​​include elevation, slope, aspect and curvature, and the macro-terrain factor values ​​include terrain undulation, surface cutting depth and terrain feature analysis.

[0011] Preferably, collecting samples in the mineralization prospective area and testing the samples to verify whether there is mineralization anomaly in the mineralization prospective area includes: In the determined mineralization prospect area, weathering crust samples are collected; By (NH 4 ) 2 SO4 The weathering crust sample obtained is processed and analyzed by an in-situ leaching agent-oxalic acid precipitation process; Verify through test data whether there are mineralized anomalies in the mineralization prospective area; if there are mineralized anomalies in the mineralization prospective area, conduct exploration and evaluation; if there are no mineralized anomalies in the mineralization prospective area, determine that there are no mines in the mineralization prospective area.

[0012] Preferably, in the mineralization prospecting area, there is an area with mineralization anomaly, and by deploying Gannan drill in the mineralization prospecting area for exploration and evaluation, the resource volume of the mineralization prospecting area is calculated, and the prospecting and exploration scope of ion adsorption type rare earth ore is determined, including: In the mineralization prospecting areas with mineralization anomalies, Gannan Drilling is arranged to carry out exploration work; Obtaining mineral deposit information through drilling data to obtain exploration data results; the mineral deposit information includes ore type, grade and thickness; Conducting a comprehensive evaluation on the exploration data obtained to obtain a comprehensive evaluation result; the comprehensive evaluation includes the scale of the ore deposit and mining conditions; Based on the exploration data and comprehensive evaluation results obtained, the amount of rare earth resources in the mineralization prospecting area is calculated to determine the prospecting and exploration scope of ion-adsorption rare earth mines.

[0013] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects: The present invention provides a prospecting and exploration method for ion adsorption type rare earth ores. The method uses DEM data, is based on GIS spatial analysis technology, according to the distribution characteristics of favorable mineralization terrain factor values, and combines existing mineral points and mineralization parent rock areas delineated by geochemical exploration data to quickly and accurately determine the scope of the mineralization prospecting area. Through field titration experiments, the mineralization prospecting area can be quickly and widely delineated and the prospecting target area can be locked. The Gannan drill is used to efficiently evaluate the amount of rare earth resources, thereby improving the efficiency of the exploration work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for prospecting and exploring an ion-adsorption rare earth ore of the present invention; Figure 2 A flow chart for delineating a mineralization parent rock region within a working area provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3A flow chart for delineating favorable mineralization terrain and landform areas provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 A flowchart for verifying whether there is a mineralization anomaly in a prospective mineralization area provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A flow chart for determining the prospecting and exploration scope of ion-adsorption rare earth ores provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for prospecting and exploration of ion adsorption type rare earth ore, comprising the following steps: Step 100: Based on the existing mineral points of ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the working area and the areas of geochemical anomalies, the mineralization parent rock area in the working area is delineated; Step 200: Delineate favorable mineralization topographical and geomorphic areas of ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the work area through GIS spatial analysis technology; Step 300: superimposing and analyzing the mineralization parent rock region and the favorable mineralization topographic and geomorphic region, and determining the favorable mineralization prospecting area of ​​the ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the working area by comparison; Step 400: Collect samples in the mineralization prospect area, test the samples, and verify whether there is mineralization anomaly in the mineralization prospect area; Step 500: In the mineralization prospect area, there are areas with mineralized anomalies. By deploying Gannan drill in the mineralization prospect area for exploration and evaluation, the resource volume of the mineralization prospect area is calculated to determine the exploration scope of ion-adsorption rare earth ore.

[0019] First, in the above step 100, the specific principle method of delineating the favorable mineralization parent rock range by collecting and sorting the ion adsorption type rare earth mineral points and combining the geochemical anomaly area is: according to the mineralization characteristics of the known mineral points, including the geological age, mineral composition, geochemical characteristics, etc. of the favorable mineralization parent rock of the ion adsorption type rare earth ore, a database is established, and the favorable mineralization parent rock range is jointly determined in combination with the La / Y geochemical anomaly area of ​​the study area. Specifically including: S101. Collect and organize the existing mining data information of ion adsorption type rare earth mines in the work area, and organize and analyze the mineralization distribution characteristics of the mining points; S102, combining regional information data of geochemical anomalies to identify mineralization hotspots in the work area; S103. Through comprehensive analysis and comparison, potential mineralization parent rock areas are identified to provide direction for subsequent exploration work.

[0020] In the above process, the mineralization distribution characteristics of the mineral points include the favorable mineralization parent rock types, lithology, alteration type, mineral combination, geochemical characteristics, etc. of ion adsorption type rare earth minerals.

[0021] Secondly, in the above step 200, the favorable mineralization topographical and geomorphic areas of ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the working area are delineated by GIS spatial analysis technology, including: S201, obtaining digital elevation model DEM data; S202, based on the obtained digital elevation model DEM data, extracting and calculating favorable mineralization terrain factor values ​​through GIS spatial analysis technology; S203. Based on the distribution characteristics of the favorable mineralization terrain factor values ​​in the working area, a favorable mineralization terrain and geomorphic area with mineralization potential is delineated.

[0022] Among them, favorable mineralization terrain factor values ​​include micro-terrain factor values ​​and macro-terrain factor values. The micro-terrain factor values ​​include elevation, slope, slope direction and curvature, and the macro-terrain factor values ​​include terrain undulation, surface cutting depth and terrain feature analysis.

[0023] Again, the overlay analysis of step 300 includes: determining the distribution characteristics of favorable mineralization terrain factor values ​​in the study area, using DEM data, based on GIS spatial analysis technology, statistically analyzing the optimal mineralization intervals of the terrain factor values ​​of the known mineral points in the study area and the surrounding mining areas. According to the optimal mineralization interval of the terrain factor value, the qualified areas in the study area are extracted and overlapped, and finally the favorable geomorphic mineralization area is delineated.

[0024] Again, in the above step 400, samples are collected in the mineralization prospecting area, and the samples are tested to verify whether there is mineralization anomaly in the mineralization prospecting area, including: S401, collecting weathering crust samples in the determined mineralization prospecting area; S402, through (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 The weathering crust sample obtained is processed and analyzed by an in-situ leaching agent-oxalic acid precipitation process; S403. Verify through test data whether there is mineralized anomaly in the mineralization prospective area; if there is mineralized anomaly in the mineralization prospective area, conduct exploration and evaluation; if there is no mineralized anomaly in the mineralization prospective area, determine that there is no ore in the mineralization prospective area.

[0025] In the above process, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 The in-situ leaching-oxalic acid precipitation process of the extractant has the following operating steps: (1) Pour the ammonium sulfate solution into the funnel containing the weathering crust sample, soak it and observe the dripping rate of the leaching solution; (2) After a certain amount of leaching solution is leached out, drip a certain amount of oxalic acid saturated solution into the test tube; (3) Observe and record the changes in the solution in the test tube, and judge its mineral content based on the observed phenomena. Among them, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 The optimal conditions for the leaching agent were: pH 5.5, concentration 3%, liquid-to-solid ratio 0.7:1, and flow rate 6 mL min -1 , the rare earth leaching rate can be obtained as 95%; the optimal concentration of oxalic acid is 3%.

[0026] Finally, in the above step 500, the principle and specific steps of using the Gannan drill are as follows: the Gannan drill is a manpowered impact sampling drill that uses its own gravity to impact downwards and obtain a certain depth of granite weathering crust sample. It has the advantages of being fast, economical, safe, and environmentally friendly. The entire operation process is roughly divided into site leveling → construction preparation → drilling → core sorting → subdivision sampling → final hole. In this embodiment, how to determine the prospecting and exploration scope of ion adsorption rare earth ore specifically includes: S501. In the mineralization prospecting areas with mineralization anomalies, Gannan Drilling is arranged to carry out exploration work; S502, obtaining ore deposit information through drilling data to obtain exploration data results; the ore deposit information includes ore type, grade and thickness; S503, comprehensively evaluating the obtained exploration data results to obtain a comprehensive evaluation result; the comprehensive evaluation includes the scale of the ore deposit and the mining conditions; S504. Calculate the amount of rare earth resources in the mineralization prospecting area based on the obtained exploration data results and comprehensive evaluation results to determine the prospecting and exploration scope of ion adsorption type rare earth ore.

[0027] Therefore, the above-mentioned prospecting and exploration method for ion-adsorption rare earth ore is adopted, DEM data is used, based on GIS spatial analysis technology, according to the distribution characteristics of favorable mineralization terrain factor values, and combined with the existing mineral points and mineralization parent rock areas delineated by geochemical data, the scope of the mineralization prospective area is quickly and accurately determined, which realizes the rapid and large-scale delineation of mineralization prospective areas, narrows the working scope, and thus improves the efficiency of exploration work.

[0028] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for prospecting and exploration of ion adsorption type rare earth ore, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on the existing mineral points of ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the working area and the areas with geochemical anomalies, the mineralization parent rock area in the working area is delineated; Use GIS spatial analysis technology to delineate favorable mineralization topographical and geomorphic areas of ion adsorption type rare earth deposits in the work area; Conducting superposition analysis on the mineralization parent rock area and the favorable mineralization topography and geomorphology area, and determining the favorable mineralization prospect area of ​​ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the working area by comparison; Collecting samples in the mineralization prospective area, and performing titration tests on the samples to verify whether there is mineralization anomaly in the mineralization prospective area; There are areas with abnormal mineralization in the mineralization prospective area. By deploying Gannan drill in the mineralization prospective area for exploration and evaluation, the resource volume of the mineralization prospective area is calculated, and the exploration scope of ion-adsorption rare earth mines is determined.

2. The method for prospecting and exploration of ion-adsorption rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the existing mineral points of ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the working area, combined with the area of ​​geochemical anomaly, the mineralization parent rock area in the working area is delineated, including: Collect and organize the existing mining data information of ion adsorption type rare earth mines in the work area, and organize and analyze the mineralization distribution characteristics of the mining points; Combine regional information data of geochemical anomalies to identify areas with mineralization potential within the work area; Through comprehensive analysis and comparison, potential mineralization parent rock areas are identified to provide direction for subsequent exploration work.

3. The method for prospecting and exploring an ion adsorption type rare earth ore according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mineralization distribution characteristics of the mineralization points include the types of favorable mineralization parent rocks, lithology, alteration types, mineral assemblages, geochemical characteristics, etc. of ion-adsorption type rare earth ores.

4. The method for prospecting and exploration of ion-adsorption rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The favorable mineralization topographical and geomorphic areas of ion adsorption type rare earth ore in the working area are delineated by GIS spatial analysis technology, including: Get digital elevation model DEM data; Based on the obtained digital elevation model DEM data, the favorable mineralization terrain factor values ​​are extracted and calculated through GIS spatial analysis technology; Based on the distribution characteristics of the favorable mineralization terrain factor values ​​in the working area, a favorable mineralization terrain and geomorphic area with mineralization potential is delineated.

5. The method for prospecting and exploring an ion-adsorption rare earth ore according to claim 4, characterized in that: The favorable mineralization terrain factor values ​​include micro-terrain factor values ​​and macro-terrain factor values. The micro-terrain factor values ​​include elevation, slope, slope direction and curvature, and the macro-terrain factor values ​​include terrain undulation, surface cutting depth and terrain feature analysis.

6. The method for prospecting and exploration of ion-adsorption rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: Collect samples in the mineralization prospective area, test the samples, and verify whether there are mineralization anomalies in the mineralization prospective area, including: In the determined mineralization prospect area, weathering crust samples are collected; The weathering crust sample obtained is processed and analyzed by an in-situ leaching process of (NH4)2SO4 leaching agent-oxalic acid precipitation; Verify through test data whether there are mineralized anomalies in the mineralization prospective area; if there are mineralized anomalies in the mineralization prospective area, conduct exploration and evaluation; if there are no mineralized anomalies in the mineralization prospective area, determine that there are no mines in the mineralization prospective area.

7. The method for prospecting and exploration of ion-adsorption rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the mineralization prospect area, there are areas with mineralization anomalies. By deploying Gannan drills in the mineralization prospect area for exploration and evaluation, the resource volume of the mineralization prospect area is calculated, and the prospecting and exploration scope of ion adsorption type rare earth ore is determined, including: In the mineralization prospecting areas with mineralization anomalies, Gannan Drilling is arranged to carry out exploration work; Obtaining mineral deposit information through drilling data to obtain exploration data results; the mineral deposit information includes ore type, grade and thickness; Conducting a comprehensive evaluation on the obtained exploration data results to obtain a comprehensive evaluation result; the comprehensive evaluation includes the scale of the ore deposit and mining conditions; Based on the exploration data and comprehensive evaluation results obtained, the amount of rare earth resources in the mineralization prospecting area is calculated to determine the prospecting and exploration scope of ion-adsorption rare earth mines.

Images