Battery recycling and disassembling method and disassembling equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a battery recycling and disassembling method and disassembling equipment. The battery recycling and disassembling method provided by the invention is used for disassembling a positive pole piece in a pole core of a lithium iron phosphate battery, and comprises the following steps: stripping the positive pole piece from the pole core; the positive pole piece is soaked; and soaking and washing the positive pole piece. According to the battery recycling and disassembling method provided by the invention, the positive current collector and the positive active material layer in the positive pole piece of lithium iron phosphate can be separated on the premise of not violently damaging the positive pole piece of lithium iron phosphate, so that high-efficiency and high-quality recycling of the positive current collector is achieved; and meanwhile, the aluminum content in the positive active material is not increased in the whole recovery process, so that the positive active material can be efficiently recovered with high purity. The invention further provides battery recycling and disassembling equipment suitable for the battery recycling and disassembling method. The battery recycling and disassembling equipment is simple in structure, easy to implement, high in recycling efficiency and high in quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery disassembly, and in particular to a battery recycling and disassembly method and disassembly equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of my country's electric vehicle industry, the battery industry has also seen a blowout development. Lithium iron phosphate batteries are the mainstream products of power batteries at present. They have a huge market share because of their long service life, large capacity, safety and environmental protection. In the production and processing of lithium iron phosphate batteries, some scrapped batteries that do not meet the production and processing requirements will appear, and some lithium iron phosphate batteries that have not completed the entire processing process have been scrapped and need to be returned to the battery recycling market for recycling and reuse. There are also a larger part of lithium iron phosphate batteries. After reaching the service life, they are retired according to national regulations and enter the battery recycling market for recycling and reuse. Regardless of the circumstances, lithium iron phosphate batteries entering the battery recycling market need to go through the recycling process of testing, classification, repair, reorganization, cascade utilization, or scrapping and disassembly. Among them, for some lithium iron phosphate batteries that meet the use conditions of some scenarios, they can be downgraded and used in new fields; while for lithium iron phosphate batteries that no longer meet the use standards, they need to be disassembled, and the effective materials are extracted for recycling and reuse, so as to minimize the pollution caused by the scrapping of lithium iron phosphate batteries to the environment.

[0003] At present, the recycling of lithium iron phosphate batteries in the industry is mainly divided into three methods: dry recycling, wet recycling and physical recycling. Among them, wet recycling mainly uses acid-base solutions to extract metal ions in electrode materials, immerse them in solutions, and then extract the metal ions in the solution in the form of metal compounds through ion exchange, precipitation, extraction, crystallization and other methods. Wet recycling is currently the most commonly used method in the industry, but the treatment method of wet recycling requires the use of a variety of chemical agents. During the recycling process, the wastewater needs to be decontaminated before being discharged, which is costly, and there are many wet processes. It takes a long time to recycle materials and the efficiency is low.

[0004] Dry recycling, also known as fire recycling, first discharges the battery, then separates the shell and electrode material through vibration screening and magnetic separation, and then burns the electrode material at high temperature, and finally screens the fine powder material containing metals and metal oxides. However, this method can only effectively recycle electrode materials, and the recycling rate of positive or negative pole pieces is low, and incineration requires a lot of energy. Physical recycling refers to a series of methods such as crushing, screening, magnetic separation, fine crushing and classification of waste power batteries to obtain a part of valuable materials, and then the valuable materials are recycled for repair. Although the processing efficiency of physical recycling is low, it does not consume other chemicals, and the process is very environmentally friendly. Both dry recycling and physical recycling cannot obtain complete aluminum foil, and the recovery rate of positive active materials on the positive pole piece is low, which is not suitable for the recycling of positive electrode materials of lithium iron phosphate batteries.

[0005] In China Publication No. CN118572232A, a separation and recovery device and method for positive electrode materials of lithium iron phosphate batteries are provided, which points out in step 5 that the side of the unfolded aluminum foil coated with lithium iron phosphate material is polished with a grinding wheel to separate the positive electrode lithium iron phosphate powder. The method of obtaining positive electrode active materials by grinding with a grinding wheel is easy to damage the aluminum foil during the grinding process, so that the recycled aluminum foil is of poor quality, and a large amount of aluminum appears in the lithium iron phosphate powder. Therefore, the recovery device and recovery method provided by it, on the one hand, cannot avoid damaging the aluminum foil, causing serious damage to the aluminum foil, and on the other hand, a large amount of aluminum is doped in the obtained lithium iron phosphate powder, and high-purity positive electrode active materials cannot be obtained. Therefore, how to effectively recycle the positive electrode materials of lithium iron phosphate batteries, obtain high-purity positive electrode active materials and relatively complete aluminum foil, and how to improve the production efficiency and recovery efficiency of lithium iron phosphate battery recycling are all problems that need to be solved urgently in the battery recycling industry. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of low production efficiency and low recycling efficiency of existing lithium iron phosphate battery recycling, and the unavoidable damage to aluminum foil during the recycling process, resulting in serious damage to the recycled aluminum foil and a large amount of aluminum being doped in the obtained lithium iron phosphate powder, and to provide a battery recycling and disassembly method and disassembly equipment.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a battery recycling and disassembly method for disassembling the positive electrode sheet in the electrode core of a lithium iron phosphate battery, comprising: peeling the positive electrode sheet from the electrode core; soaking the positive electrode sheet; and infiltrating and flushing the positive electrode sheet.

[0008] In one embodiment, the battery recycling and disassembly method further includes removing the outer shell of the lithium iron phosphate battery to obtain the pole core.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, the electrode core includes the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet stacked and wound in sequence, and the separator forms a first separator and a second separator on both sides of the positive electrode sheet respectively; peeling the positive electrode sheet from the electrode core includes: recovering and winding the first separator located on one side of the positive electrode sheet; recovering and winding the second separator located on the other side of the positive electrode sheet; and driving the positive electrode sheet to move.

[0010] In one embodiment, the stripping of the positive electrode sheet from the electrode core also includes recycling and winding the negative electrode sheet.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, the positive electrode plate includes a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer arranged on at least one side of the positive electrode collector; the immersing of the positive electrode plate includes: completely immersing the positive electrode plate in a recovery liquid, so that the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode plate and the positive electrode collector are separated from each other in the recovery liquid.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the positive electrode plate further includes a carbon-based coating disposed between the positive electrode active material layer and the positive electrode current collector.

[0013] In one embodiment, the temperature of the recovery liquid is 30°C-90°C; and the soaking time is greater than 5 seconds.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the wetting and flushing of the positive electrode plate comprises: before soaking the positive electrode plate, spraying a side surface of the positive electrode plate having the positive electrode active material layer.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the spraying pressure is 0.15MPa-0.35MPa; the spraying temperature is 30℃-90℃.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the wetting and flushing of the positive electrode plate further comprises: after the positive electrode plate is immersed, flushing a side surface of the positive electrode plate having the positive electrode active material layer.

[0017] In one embodiment, the flushing pressure is 0.15MPa-0.35MPa; the flushing temperature is 30℃-90℃.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, the battery recycling and disassembly method further includes: recycling and winding the positive electrode current collector.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the present invention is that it can separate the positive electrode collector and the positive electrode active material layer in the positive electrode sheet of lithium iron phosphate without violently destroying the positive electrode sheet of lithium iron phosphate, thereby achieving efficient and high-quality recovery of the positive electrode collector. At the same time, the aluminum content in the positive electrode active material will not be increased during the entire recycling process, so that the positive electrode active material can be recovered efficiently and with high purity.

[0020] The present invention also provides a battery recycling and disassembly equipment, which is suitable for the above-mentioned battery recycling and disassembly method, and the battery recycling and disassembly equipment includes a disassembly part for disassembling the positive electrode sheet in the lithium iron phosphate electrode core and an infiltration and flushing part for wetting and flushing the positive electrode sheet; the infiltration and flushing part includes a soaking tank for soaking the positive electrode sheet and at least one spray rack arranged on the soaking tank for wetting and flushing the positive electrode sheet; the disassembly part includes a first frame, a recovery roller group arranged on the first frame, and a first drive component arranged on the first frame to drive the recovery roller group.

[0021] In one embodiment, the recovery roller group includes a first diaphragm recovery roller and a second diaphragm recovery roller fixed on the first frame and arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction; and a positive electrode stripping roller and a negative electrode recovery roller fixed on the first frame and arranged opposite to each other in the horizontal direction, and the wetting and flushing part is located below the positive electrode stripping roller.

[0022] In one embodiment, the first diaphragm of the pole core is wound onto the first diaphragm recovery roller, the second diaphragm of the pole core is wound onto the second diaphragm recovery roller, and the negative electrode sheet of the pole core is wound onto the negative electrode recovery roller; the positive electrode sheet is driven by the positive electrode stripping roller into the infiltration and flushing section.

[0023] In one embodiment, the positive electrode stripping roller has a rotation rate greater than the rotation rate of the first separator recovery roller and / or the second separator recovery roller.

[0024] In one embodiment, the first membrane recovery roller and the second membrane recovery roller rotate at the same speed.

[0025] In one embodiment, the rotation rate of the negative electrode recovery roller is equal to the rotation rate of the first separator recovery roller and / or the second separator recovery roller.

[0026] In one embodiment, the first driving assembly includes a first driving member for driving the positive electrode stripping roller to rotate, a second driving member for driving the negative electrode recovery roller to rotate, and a transmission member that connects the second driving member to the first membrane recovery roller and the second membrane recovery roller.

[0027] In one of the embodiments, the battery recycling and disassembly equipment also includes a current collector recovery assembly; the current collector recovery assembly includes a second frame located above the infiltration and flushing part, a positive current collector recovery roller arranged on the second frame, and a third driving member that drives the positive current collector recovery roller to rotate.

[0028] In one of the embodiments, the soaking pool of the infiltration and flushing part includes a pool body and a first control component disposed in the pool body for regulating the water temperature in the pool body.

[0029] In one of the embodiments, the soaking pool of the infiltration and flushing part further includes a recovery basket disposed in the pool body and a fourth driving component disposed in the pool body for driving the recovery basket to rise and fall relative to the pool body.

[0030] In one of the embodiments, the infiltration and flushing part is provided with two spray racks, and the two spray racks are respectively located at the two end portions of the soaking pool.

[0031] In one of the embodiments, the spray frame of the infiltration and flushing part includes at least one support frame, and each of the support frames is provided with a plurality of spray heads.

[0032] In one of the embodiments, a second control component for controlling the water pressure of the shower head and a third control component for regulating the water temperature of the shower head are disposed on the support frame.

[0033] In one of the embodiments, the spray rack of the immersion part includes two support racks, the spray heads of the two support racks are arranged opposite to each other, and the positive electrode plate passes through between the two support racks.

[0034] The beneficial effect of a battery recycling and disassembly equipment provided by the present invention is that the battery recycling and disassembly equipment provided by the present invention is suitable for the above-mentioned battery recycling and disassembly method. The battery recycling and disassembly equipment has a simple structure and is easy to implement. It is specially used to disassemble the pole core of a lithium iron phosphate battery, separate the positive electrode plate in the pole core from other parts, and has high stripping efficiency and high quality for the positive electrode collector and the positive electrode active material in the positive electrode plate. On the one hand, the integrity of the positive electrode collector is high, and on the other hand, the recycling process will not increase the aluminum content in the positive electrode active material, thereby achieving high-efficiency recovery of the positive electrode active material of the lithium iron phosphate battery; the battery recycling and disassembly equipment can obtain a complete positive electrode collector and a high-purity positive electrode active material, and achieve a high separation efficiency of the positive electrode plate, which can not only improve the recovery production efficiency of the positive electrode collector and the positive electrode active material of the positive electrode plate of the lithium iron phosphate battery, but also improve the recovery efficiency of the positive electrode collector and the recovery quality of the positive electrode active material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a pole core of a lithium iron phosphate battery provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a positive electrode sheet in a pole core of a lithium iron phosphate battery provided by the present invention; Figure 3 is a flow chart of a battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a battery recycling and disassembly device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a disassembly component in a battery recycling and disassembly device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a first frame in a battery recycling and disassembly device provided by the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a flow chart of a battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a battery recycling and disassembly device provided by the second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a current collector recovery assembly in a battery recovery and disassembly device provided by a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an infiltration and flushing part in a battery recycling and disassembly equipment provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Description of reference numerals: 100, 101-Battery recycling and disassembly equipment; 10-pole core, 11-first diaphragm, 12-positive electrode sheet, 13-second diaphragm, 14-negative electrode sheet; 121-positive electrode current collector, 122-carbon base coating, 123-positive electrode active material layer,; 20-infiltration and flushing part, 21-immersion tank, 22-first spray rack, 23-spray head, 24-second spray rack; 30-disassembly unit, 31-first frame, 32-recovery roller group, 33-first driving assembly; 311-horizontal support plate, 312-vertical support plate, 313-first mounting plate, 314-second mounting plate, 315-limiting plate; 321-first separator recovery roller, 322-second separator recovery roller, 323-positive electrode stripping roller, 324-negative electrode recovery roller; 331-first driving member, 332-second driving member, 333-transmission member; 40 - current collector recovery assembly, 41 - second frame, 42 - positive electrode current collector recovery roller, 43 - third driving member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "radial", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] See also Figure 1 , which is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the pole core 10 of the lithium iron phosphate battery provided by the present invention. The pole core 10 of the lithium iron phosphate battery that can be disassembled by the battery recycling and disassembly method and battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 (100) provided by the present invention is as follows: Figure 1As shown, the electrode core 10 includes a positive electrode sheet 12, a separator, and a negative electrode sheet 14 which are stacked and wound in sequence. During the stacking and winding process, the separator separates the positive electrode sheet 12 and the negative electrode sheet 14, and the sheet is wound into a columnar structure. The electrode core 10 is then placed in a metal shell to form a lithium iron phosphate battery. After the separator of the electrode core 10 is stacked and wound, a first separator 11 and a second separator 13 are formed on both sides of the positive electrode sheet 12, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 shown.

[0042] The battery recycling and disassembly method and battery recycling and disassembly device 101 (100) provided by the present invention are specifically used for recycling and disassembling the positive electrode sheet 12 in the electrode core 10 of the lithium iron phosphate battery. The structure of the positive electrode sheet 12 in the electrode core 10 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the positive electrode plate 12 includes a positive electrode collector 121 and a positive electrode active material layer 123 disposed on at least one side of the positive electrode collector 121. In addition, the positive electrode plate 12 also includes a carbon-based coating 122 disposed between the positive electrode active material layer 123 and the positive electrode collector 121. During the processing of the positive electrode plate 12 of the lithium iron phosphate battery, it is necessary to first coat the surface of the positive electrode collector 121 with the carbon-based coating 122, and then coat the positive electrode active material layer 123 on the outer surface of the carbon-based coating 122. The arrangement of the carbon-based coating 122 enables the positive electrode active material layer 123 to be well formed on the positive electrode collector 121, and in the battery recycling and disassembly method and battery recycling and disassembly device 101 (100) provided by the present invention, the carbon-based coating 122 is a water-soluble substance that can be dissolved in water, thereby separating the positive electrode active material layer 123 from the positive electrode collector 121.

[0043] Furthermore, in the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 (100) provided by the present invention, it is specifically for lithium iron phosphate batteries, so the positive electrode current collector 121 in the electrode core 10 is aluminum foil. The battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 (100) and the recycling method provided by the present invention are both for disassembling and recycling the positive electrode plate 12 of this structure. After the carbon base coating 122 of the positive electrode plate 12 is melted by warm water, the positive electrode active material layer 123 and the positive electrode current collector 121 are peeled off from each other, so that the positive electrode active material layer 123 and the positive electrode current collector 121 can be recovered separately. Compared with the recycling method or recycling equipment of the battery positive electrode material, which requires grinding the positive electrode active material layer 123, a more complete positive electrode current collector 121 can be obtained, and the problem of doping aluminum in the recycled positive electrode active material is solved, so that the purity of the recycled positive electrode active material is higher and the aluminum content in the recycled material is extremely low.

[0044] Embodiment 1: like Figure 3-Figure 6As shown, a battery recycling and disassembly method and a battery recycling and disassembly device 101 provided in a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] The following is combined with Figure 3 A battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the first embodiment of the present invention is described. The battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the present invention includes the following steps.

[0046] S0: Pretreatment: remove the outer shell of the lithium iron phosphate battery to obtain the pole core 10. The purpose of this pretreatment step is to obtain the pole core 10 of the scrapped lithium iron phosphate battery, so it is necessary to disassemble the outer shell of the scrapped lithium iron phosphate battery and obtain the pole core 10 in the disassembled outer shell. This pretreatment step is not performed in the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 for the positive pole piece 12 of the lithium iron phosphate battery provided by the present invention, and can be completed using the existing battery shelling equipment on the market, and the disassembled pole core 10 is then recycled using the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 provided by the present invention. The waste lithium iron phosphate battery can be a cylindrical battery, a square aluminum shell battery or a soft-pack aluminum-plastic film battery. Regardless of the above structure, it can be fully discharged, the electrolyte can be recovered, and then the outer shell can be removed to obtain a complete pole core 10.

[0047] The pole cores 10 disassembled by the battery recycling and disassembly method and the battery recycling and disassembly device 101 provided by the present invention have all had the electrolyte removed, that is, there is no electrolyte on the pole cores 10. In the pretreatment process, how to discharge the scrapped lithium iron phosphate battery and recover the electrolyte, and how to remove the electrolyte in the scrapped pole core 10, are not the contents protected by the present invention, and any measures in the prior art can be used to discharge the lithium iron phosphate battery and recover the electrolyte.

[0048] In this embodiment, the pole core 10 used is a pole core 10 that is judged to be unqualified during the processing process before the injection. Therefore, not only is there no residual electrolyte in the pole core 10, but it can also directly enter the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 for direct recycling and disassembly.

[0049] S1: Peel off the positive electrode sheet from the electrode core 10 to obtain the positive electrode sheet 12. The purpose of the S1 step is to take out the positive electrode sheet 12 from the electrode core 10 separately, so as to specifically recycle the positive electrode sheet 12. In this embodiment, the diaphragm forms a first diaphragm 11 and a second diaphragm 13 on both sides of the positive electrode sheet 12, respectively. The diaphragm needs to be peeled off from both sides of the positive electrode sheet 12 to obtain a complete positive electrode sheet 12. Therefore, in the S1 step, the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 provided by the present invention needs to be used to disassemble the electrode core 10. The S1 step specifically includes the following steps: S11: Recover and wind the first separator 11 located on one side of the positive electrode plate 12, such as Figure 1As shown, in step S11, the first separator 11 located at the bottom of the positive electrode sheet 12 is recovered and wound. During the recovery and winding process, the first separator 11 is peeled off from the bottom surface of the positive electrode sheet 12, so that the bottom surface of the positive electrode sheet 12 is completely exposed.

[0050] S12: Recover and wind the second separator 13 located on the other side of the positive electrode sheet 12; Figure 1 As shown, in step S12, the second separator 13 located on the top of the positive electrode sheet 12 is recovered and wound. During the recovery and winding process, the second separator 13 is peeled off from the top surface of the positive electrode sheet 12, so that the top surface of the positive electrode sheet 12 is completely exposed.

[0051] S13: Recover and wind the negative electrode sheet 14, such as Figure 1 As shown, in step S13, the negative electrode sheet 14 located above the second separator 13 is recovered and wound. During the recovery and winding process, the side of the second separator 13 connected to the negative electrode sheet 14 is peeled off, so as to obtain the negative electrode sheet 14 separately.

[0052] S14: and drive the positive electrode sheet 12 to move. In the S1 step provided by the present invention, the S11 step, S12 step, S13 step and S14 step are carried out simultaneously, that is, when the first separator 11 is recovered and wound, the second separator 13 is recovered and wound at the same time, and when the negative electrode sheet 14 is recovered, the positive electrode sheet 12 is also peeled off at the same time, and the two side surfaces of the positive electrode sheet 12 along the thickness direction are completely exposed, and then move along with the winding process of the separators on both sides to obtain a complete positive electrode sheet 12.

[0053] S1 in the battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the present invention: the step of peeling the positive electrode sheet from the pole core 10 can be fully applicable to the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 provided by the present invention, and the positive electrode sheet 12 in the pole core 10 can be peeled off by the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101.

[0054] S2: Wetting and flushing the positive electrode plate 12. In the first embodiment provided by the present invention, the step S2 includes S3: spraying a side surface of the positive electrode plate 12 having the positive electrode active material layer 123 before soaking the positive electrode plate 12. The purpose of the S2 step is to first wet the carbon-based coating 122 between the positive current collector 121 and the positive active material layer 123 before completely soaking and peeling off the positive active material layer 123 and the positive current collector 121 on the positive electrode sheet 12, so that the carbon-based coating 122 can be completely soaked in warm water, thereby loosening the positive active material layer 123 and the positive current collector 121, so that in the subsequent S3 step, the positive electrode sheets 12 will not stick to each other when stacked, and the carbon-based coating 122 that can be fully soaked can still be in an independent and separated state when the positive electrode sheets 12 are stacked and soaked, and will not stick to each other due to stacking and soaking, thereby improving the recovery efficiency and quality of the positive electrode sheets 12.

[0055] In the first embodiment provided by the present invention, when the battery recycling and disassembly method is used to infiltrate and flush the positive electrode plate 12, the spraying pressure is 0.15MPa-0.35MPa; the spraying pressure can be controlled at 0.15MPa, 0.2MPa, 0.25MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.35MPa or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. At this time, the purpose of spraying is to infiltrate the carbon-based coating 122 on the side of the positive electrode plate 12 having the positive electrode active material layer 123, so that the carbon-based coating 122 can be completely infiltrated before the positive electrode plate 12 is completely immersed, and the sprayed warm water is slightly dissolved. During the spraying, the water pressure of the spraying only needs to ensure that the warm water can gently infiltrate the carbon-based coating 122 of the positive electrode plate 12 during the spraying. Preferably, the spraying pressure is 0.15MPa-0.25MPa. If the water pressure is lower than 0.15MPa, the water flow is too weak to achieve the effect of spraying and complete infiltration. If the water pressure is higher than 0.25MPa, the water flow rate is too strong to achieve the effect of slow infiltration. It is possible that the carbon-based coating 122 in some spraying areas is soaked in warm water, while some areas are not infiltrated. The effect of slow infiltration is not good and cannot be fully covered. If the water pressure is higher than 0.35MPa and the water flow is too fast, it is easy to damage the positive electrode sheet 12 during spraying, which is not conducive to the recovery of the positive electrode sheet 12. Furthermore, preferably, in step S2, the spraying pressure is 0.2MPa.

[0056] In the first embodiment provided by the present invention, in the battery recycling and disassembly method, when the positive electrode plate 12 is soaked and flushed, the temperature of the spray is 30°C-90°C. The temperature of the spray is 30°C, 35°C, 38°C, 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 52°C, 55°C, 58°C, 60°C, 65°C, 67°C, 70°C, 72°C, 75°C, 79°C, 80°C, 82°C, 85°C, 88°C, 90°C or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. At this time, the purpose of spraying is to partially dissolve the carbon base coating 122 before the positive electrode plate 12 is completely immersed, so the water temperature of the warm water spray can be lower than the water temperature during the subsequent immersion. Preferably, the temperature of the spray is 40°C-70°C. If the temperature is too high, there may be potential safety hazards in the working environment of battery recycling and disassembly. The spray water may easily splash onto the outside of the equipment, causing unnecessary safety problems. In addition, the spray temperature is too high, which consumes a lot of energy and is not conducive to the economic benefits of recycling and disassembly. If the temperature is too low, the effect of pre-wetting cannot be achieved. Preferably, in step S2, the spray temperature is 55°C.

[0057] S3: Soak the positive electrode plate 12. The purpose of the S3 step is to completely dissolve the carbon-based coating 122 on the positive electrode plate 12 by soaking in warm water, so that the positive active material layer 123 and the positive current collector 121 are completely separated, and the positive current collector 121 and the positive active material layer 123 are recovered separately. The S3 step specifically includes completely soaking the positive electrode plate 12 in the recovery liquid, so that the positive active material layer 123 of the positive electrode plate 12 and the positive current collector 121 are separated from each other in the recovery liquid. The recovery liquid in the S3 step is set for different carbon-based coatings 122, and the function of the recovery liquid is to dissolve the carbon-based coating 122. In this embodiment, the carbon-based coating 122 is a water-soluble material. Therefore, the recovery liquid in the S3 step is water. After the carbon-based coating 122 on the surface of the positive current collector 121 is completely dissolved by soaking in warm water, the positive active material layer 123 and the positive current collector 121 are completely separated.

[0058] In the first embodiment provided by the present invention, when the battery recycling and disassembly method soaks the positive electrode plate 12, the temperature of the recycling liquid is 30°C-90°C. The temperature of the recycling liquid is 30°C, 32°C, 36°C, 40°C, 43°C, 50°C, 54°C, 55°C, 57°C, 60°C, 62°C, 66°C, 70°C, 74°C, 75°C, 77°C, 80°C, 82°C, 85°C, 88°C, 90°C or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. The lower the temperature of the recycling liquid, the slower the dissolution rate of the carbon-based coating 122 in the positive electrode plate 12, and the lower the efficiency during recycling. Correspondingly, the higher the temperature of the recycling liquid, the faster the dissolution rate of the carbon-based coating 122, and the higher the recycling efficiency. Preferably, the temperature of the recycling liquid is 55°C-90°C. If the temperature is lower than 55°C, the dissolution rate of the carbon base coating 122 cannot keep up with the stripping rate of the positive electrode sheet 12, and the positive electrode active material layer 123 is likely to be incompletely separated, and the positive electrode active material layer 123 is likely to remain on the positive electrode current collector 121. If the temperature is higher than 90°C, the working environment of the battery recycling and disassembly is prone to potential safety hazards, and the energy consumption cost of maintaining a high temperature recovery liquid is high, and the recovery efficiency is reduced.

[0059] In the first embodiment provided by the present invention, when the positive electrode sheet 12 is soaked in the battery recycling and disassembly method, the soaking time is greater than 5 seconds. If the time for the positive electrode sheet 12 to be completely soaked is insufficient, the carbon base coating 122 is not completely dissolved, resulting in a complete peeling portion between the positive electrode active material layer 123 and the positive electrode current collector 121, which is not conducive to obtaining a complete positive electrode current collector 121. If the time for the positive electrode sheet 12 to be completely soaked is too long, either the size of the soaking pool 21 in the soaking and flushing section 20 needs to be increased, which is not conducive to the arrangement of the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101, or the energy consumption in the soaking pool 21 is too large, and the soaking temperature needs to be maintained for a long time, and efficient recycling cannot be achieved. Preferably, the time for the positive electrode sheet 12 to be completely soaked in the soaking and flushing section 20 is controlled to be between 10 seconds and 15 seconds.

[0060] A battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the present invention can separate the positive electrode collector 121 from the positive electrode active material layer 123 in the positive electrode sheet 12 of lithium iron phosphate without violently destroying the positive electrode sheet 12, thereby achieving efficient and high-quality recovery of the positive electrode collector 121. At the same time, the aluminum content in the positive electrode active material will not be increased during the entire recycling process, so that the positive electrode active material can be recovered efficiently and with high purity.

[0061] The following is combined with Figure 4-Figure 6, describing a battery recycling and disassembly device 101 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. The battery recycling and disassembly device 101 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention is used to disassemble the pole core 10 of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and can recycle the positive electrode sheet 12 in the pole core 10, and realize the separate recycling of the positive electrode current collector 121 and the positive electrode active material layer 123.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 in the first embodiment of the present invention includes a disassembly unit 30 for disassembling the positive electrode sheet 12 in the pole core 10 of lithium iron phosphate and an infiltration and flushing unit 20 for infiltrating and flushing the positive electrode sheet 12. The disassembly unit 30 is used to separate the positive electrode sheet 12 in the pole core 10 of the lithium iron phosphate battery from other components in the pole core 10, that is, the positive electrode sheet 12 in the pole core 10 can be obtained through the disassembly unit 30, so that the positive electrode sheet 12 is completely peeled off from the negative electrode sheet 14, the first diaphragm 11, and the second diaphragm 13 of the pole core 10. The wetting and flushing section 20 is used to dissolve the carbon-based coating 122 in the positive electrode plate 12, so that the positive electrode collector 121 and the positive electrode active material layer 123 in the positive electrode plate 12 are completely separated, and then the positive electrode collector 121 with the positive electrode active material layer 123 stripped off can be obtained from the wetting and flushing section 20, and the stripped positive electrode active material layer 123 can be filtered out in the wetting and flushing section 20 to obtain the recovered positive electrode material. The aluminum content in the recovered material is extremely low, and the purity of the positive electrode active material is high.

[0063] Furthermore, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the disassembly section 30 provided by the present invention includes a first frame 31 located above the infiltration and flushing section 20, a recovery roller group 32 arranged on the first frame 31, and a first driving assembly 33 arranged on the first frame 31 to drive the recovery roller group 32 to rotate. The first frame 31 in the disassembly section 30 is located above the infiltration and flushing section 20, so that the positive electrode sheet 12 after peeling can fall into the infiltration and flushing section 20 under the action of gravity and be completely infiltrated in the infiltration and flushing section 20. The first frame 31 is mainly used to fix the recovery roller group 32 and the first driving assembly 33, and the first driving assembly 33 is used to drive the various rollers in the recovery roller group 32 to rotate, on the one hand, to separate the various components in the pole core 10, and on the other hand, to recover the negative electrode sheet 14, the first diaphragm 11 and the second diaphragm 13 in the pole core 10 into a roll.

[0064] Specifically, Figure 5As shown, the recovery roller group 32 in the disassembling part 30 includes a first diaphragm recovery roller 321 and a second diaphragm recovery roller 322 fixed on the first frame 31 and arranged oppositely in the vertical direction; and a positive electrode stripping roller 323 and a negative electrode recovery roller 324 fixed on the first frame 31 and arranged oppositely in the horizontal direction. In the recovery roller group 32, the number and relative positions of the rollers are set according to the structure of the pole core 10. In this embodiment, the recycling roller group 32 is used to recycle the pole core 10 of the lithium iron phosphate battery. Therefore, the first diaphragm recycling roller 321 and the second diaphragm recycling roller 322 are correspondingly provided to wind and recycle the diaphragm in the pole core 10 from the two ends respectively, wherein the first diaphragm recycling roller 321 close to the positive electrode stripping roller 323 winds the first diaphragm 11 while the second diaphragm recycling roller 322 close to the negative electrode recycling roller 324 winds the second diaphragm 13. When the two ends of the diaphragms are wound and recycled at the same time, the positive electrode sheet 12 sandwiched between the first diaphragm 11 and the second diaphragm 13 is peeled off from both to form a separate sheet structure. The recycling roller group 32 can not only peel off the positive electrode sheet 12 separately, but also can simultaneously recycle and rewind the first diaphragm 11, the second diaphragm 13 and the negative electrode sheet 14 independently from each other. The battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 provided by the present invention only recycles the separated positive electrode sheet 12. Therefore, the infiltration and flushing section 20 in the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 is located below the positive electrode stripping roller 323 and is used to receive the positive electrode sheet 12 stripped from the disassembly section 30 .

[0065] In the process of disassembling the electrode core 10, the battery recycling and disassembling equipment 101 needs to firstly wind the first diaphragm 11 located at the bottom of the positive electrode sheet 12 in the electrode core 10 onto the first diaphragm recovery roller 321, and wind the second diaphragm 13 located at the top of the positive electrode sheet 12 in the electrode core 10 onto the second diaphragm recovery roller 322, and at the same time, wind the negative electrode sheet 14 located at the top of the second diaphragm 13 in the electrode core 10 onto the negative electrode recovery roller 324, so that the positive electrode sheet 12 can move forward, and the positive electrode sheet 12 can extend from the top of the first diaphragm recovery roller 321 toward the outside of the first frame 31, and fall on the positive electrode stripping roller 323 under the action of gravity. Then, the positive electrode sheet 12 is driven by the positive electrode stripping roller 323 to enter the infiltration and flushing part 20, and the positive electrode active material layer 123 of the positive electrode sheet 12 and the positive electrode collector 121 are stripped in the infiltration and flushing part 20. The positive electrode sheet 12 is driven by the positive electrode stripping roller 323 to gradually fall into the wetting and flushing section 20 , and the positive electrode current collector 121 and the positive electrode active material layer 123 are separated in the wetting and flushing section 20 .

[0066] In the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 provided by the present invention, first, the disassembly unit 30 completely peels off the positive electrode sheet 12 from the pole core 10, and winds the first separator 11 into a roll through the first separator recovery roller 321, and at the same time separates the first separator 11 from the positive electrode sheet 12; the second separator 13 is wound into a roll through the second separator recovery roller 322, so that not only the second separator 13 is separated from the positive electrode sheet 12, but also the second separator 13 is separated from the negative electrode sheet 14; finally, the negative electrode sheet 14 is wound into a roll through the negative electrode recovery roller 324. In the process of rotating and winding the recovery roller group 32 of the disassembly unit 30, the separation of the layers in the pole core 10 is achieved, and the positive electrode sheet 12 is peeled off to form a separate sheet structure. Then, the infiltration and flushing part 20 is used to separate the positive current collector 121 and the positive active material layer 123 of the positive electrode sheet 12, so as to obtain a separate positive current collector 121 and positive active material in the infiltration and flushing part 20. In the infiltration and flushing part 20, the positive electrode sheet 12 is immersed in warm water to dissolve the carbon base coating 122 in the positive electrode sheet 12, so that the positive active material layer 123 falls off from the positive current collector 121, and then a complete positive current collector 121 is obtained.

[0067] In the disassembly unit 30 provided by the present invention, the arrangement structure of the recovery roller set 32 ​​can be adaptively adjusted according to the different structures of each layer in the pole core 10. Figure 3 As shown, the first membrane recovery roller 321 and the second membrane recovery roller 322 are located between the positive electrode stripping roller 323 and the negative electrode recovery roller 324 in the horizontal direction; the first membrane recovery roller 321 is located below the second membrane recovery roller 322, the negative electrode recovery roller 324 is located between the first membrane recovery roller 321 and the second membrane recovery roller 322 in the vertical direction, and the positive electrode stripping roller 323 is located below the first membrane recovery roller 321 in the vertical direction. The positive electrode sheet 12 extends from above the first membrane recovery roller 321, so that the first membrane recovery roller 321 winds up and recovers the first membrane 11 from below the positive electrode sheet 12, and the second membrane recovery roller 322 is located above the first membrane recovery roller 321, so that the second membrane recovery roller 322 winds up and recovers the second membrane 12 from above the positive electrode sheet 12.

[0068] Furthermore, in the disassembly section 30 provided by the present invention, the rotation rate of the positive electrode stripping roller 323 is greater than the rotation rate of the first membrane recovery roller 321, or the rotation rate of the positive electrode stripping roller 323 is greater than the rotation rate of the second membrane recovery roller 322, so that the positive electrode stripping roller 323 can better separate the positive electrode sheet 12 from the first membrane 11 and guide it into the infiltration and flushing section 20.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first separator recovery roller 321 and the second separator recovery roller 322 have the same rotation rate, that is, the first separator 11 and the second separator 13 have the same winding rate when they are recovered. Therefore, the rotation rate of the positive electrode stripping roller 323 is greater than the rotation rate of the first separator recovery roller 321, and the rotation rate of the positive electrode stripping roller 323 is greater than the rotation rate of the second separator recovery roller 322.

[0070] Further, the negative electrode recovery roller 324 is equal to the rotation speed of the first membrane recovery roller 321; or the negative electrode recovery roller 324 is equal to the rotation speed of the second membrane recovery roller 322, so that the negative electrode recovery roller 324 can use the same driving device with the first membrane recovery roller 321 or the second membrane recovery roller 322 to achieve synchronization. In this embodiment, the negative electrode recovery roller 324 is equal to the rotation speed of the first membrane recovery roller 321, and the negative electrode recovery roller 324 is equal to the rotation speed of the second membrane recovery roller 322, so that the first membrane recovery roller 321, the second membrane recovery roller 322 and the negative electrode recovery roller 324 have the same rotation speed, the three are driven by the same driving device, and the three have the same winding speed during recovery.

[0071] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first driving assembly 33 includes a first driving member 331 for driving the positive electrode stripping roller 323 to rotate, a second driving member 332 for driving the negative electrode recovery roller 324 to rotate, and a transmission member 333 for connecting the second driving member 332 with the first membrane recovery roller 321 and the second membrane recovery roller 322. The first driving member 331 and the second driving member 332 are used to drive the roller shaft to rotate. In this embodiment, the first driving member 331 and the second driving member 332 are both motors. The first driving member 331 drives the positive electrode stripping roller 323 to rotate to realize the transmission of the positive electrode sheet 12. The second driving member 332 drives the negative electrode recovery roller 324 to rotate to realize the winding of the negative electrode sheet 14. The first membrane recovery roller 321 and the second membrane recovery roller 322 both rotate synchronously with the negative electrode recovery roller 324, so the linkage between the three is realized through the transmission member 333. The transmission member 333 is at least one of a transmission chain, a transmission belt, a worm gear, and a transmission gear. In this embodiment, the transmission member 333 is a transmission chain disposed between the three, and the transmission chain is used to achieve the same speed rotation among the three rollers.

[0072] like Figure 6As shown, it is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the first frame 31 of the disassembling part 30 in the battery recycling and disassembling equipment 101 provided by the present invention. The first frame 31 includes a horizontal support plate 311, a pair of vertical support plates 312 fixed on the horizontal support plate 311, and a first mounting plate 313 and a second mounting plate 314 extending from the vertical support plate 312 to both sides. Among them, the positive electrode stripping roller 323 is fixed on the first mounting plate 313, the negative electrode recovery roller 324 is fixed on the second mounting plate 314, and the first diaphragm recovery roller 321 and the second diaphragm recovery roller 322 are fixed between the pair of vertical support plates 312 and are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction. The first frame 31 plays the role of fixing the recovery roller group 32 and the first drive assembly 33. At the same time, the first frame 31 fixes the entire disassembling part 30 above the infiltration and flushing part 20, so that the positive electrode sheet 12 can enter the infiltration and flushing part 20.

[0073] Specifically, the first frame 31 also includes a pair of limiting plates 315 respectively fixed to the sides of the vertical support plate 312, the limiting plates 315 are located below the second mounting plate 314, and the pair of limiting plates 315 and the horizontal support plate 311 enclose a storage space for the pole core 10 of the lithium iron phosphate battery. A space for placing the pole core 10 is formed between the limiting plates 315 and the horizontal support plate 311. During the winding process of the recovery roller group 32, the pole core 10 will roll in the storage space as the recovery roller group 32 rotates until it is completely disassembled. During the rolling process, in order to prevent the pole core 10 from deviating, a pair of limiting plates 315 are set on both sides of the pole core 10, which can place the pole core 10 horizontally offset, thereby affecting the output of the positive electrode sheet 12, and also affecting the recovery and winding of the first diaphragm 11, the second diaphragm 13 and the negative electrode sheet 14. At the same time, the first frame 31 also includes a buffer pad (not shown in the figure) set on the horizontal support plate 311 and the pair of limiting plates 315. The buffer pads are respectively arranged on one side of a pair of limit plates 315 facing the storage space, and on the side of the horizontal support plate 311 facing upwards to the storage space. The buffer pads also play a role of buffering and protection when the pole core 10 rolls due to disassembly, avoiding unnecessary damage to the pole core 10 caused by the collision between the disassembly rolling and the first frame 31, and maintaining the integrity of the positive electrode sheet 12 as much as possible.

[0074] Furthermore, the infiltration and flushing section 20 in the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101 provided by the present invention includes a soaking tank 21 for soaking the positive electrode sheet 12 and at least one spray rack 22 arranged on the soaking tank 21 for infiltration and flushing the positive electrode sheet 12 .

[0075] The soaking tank 21 of the immersion and flushing part 20 includes a tank body and a first control component (not shown in the figure) disposed in the tank body to regulate the water temperature in the tank body. The tank body is used to contain the recovery liquid, and the first control component is used to control the temperature of the contained recovery liquid. The first control component includes but is not limited to a heater and a temperature detector. The function of the first control component is to keep the recovery liquid in the tank body warm, and ensure that the water temperature in the soaking tank 21 can be maintained within a constant temperature range, so that the carbon base coating 122 in the positive electrode plate 12 can be effectively dissolved within a preset time.

[0076] Specifically, the soaking tank 21 of the infiltration and flushing part 20 also includes a recycling blue disposed in the tank body and a fourth driving component (not shown in the figure) disposed in the tank body to drive the recycling blue to rise and fall relative to the tank body. The recycling blue is hollow. In the initial state, the recycling blue is located inside the tank body and is completely immersed in the recycling liquid of the tank body. When the positive electrode collector 121 and the positive electrode active material layer 123 of the positive electrode sheet 12 are completely separated, the positive electrode collector 121 is taken out of the tank body and wound, and the positive electrode active material layer 123 is located in the recycling blue. The recycling blue is raised from the initial position by the fourth driving component, so that the recycling blue rises above the recycling liquid of the tank body. At this time, the recycling liquid in the recycling blue is discharged through the holes on the recycling blue and returns to the inside of the tank body. All the peeled positive electrode active material layers 123 are collected in the recycling blue, and then the positive electrode active material layer 123 is completely fished out and dried to obtain a high-purity active material. After that, the fourth driving component lowers the recycling blue back to the inside of the tank body to recycle the positive electrode sheet 12 for the next time.

[0077] The spray frame 22 of the immersion and flushing part 20 includes at least one support frame and a plurality of spray heads 23 disposed on the support frame. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the positive electrode sheet 12 is provided with a positive electrode active material layer 123 only on one side of the positive electrode current collector 121 thereof, therefore, only one support frame 22 is provided on the spray frame 22 of the immersion and flushing part 20, and the support frame 22 spans both sides of the width direction of the immersion tank 21, and six spray heads 23 are provided on the spray frame 22, and all the spray heads 23 are arranged toward the side of the positive electrode sheet 12 having the positive electrode active material layer 123. Figure 4 As shown, before the positive electrode sheet 12 enters the immersion tank 21 , the side surface of the positive electrode sheet 12 having the positive electrode active material layer 123 can be completely soaked.

[0078] Specifically, the support frame of the immersion and flushing part 20 is provided with a second control component for controlling the water pressure of the spray head 23 and a third control component (not shown in the figure) for regulating the water temperature of the spray head 23. The second control component can adjust the pressure of the water outlet from the spray head 23, and the pressure of the water outlet determines the wetting effect of the positive electrode plate 12, while the third control component can adjust the temperature of the water outlet from the spray head 23, and the temperature of the water outlet can be the same as or different from the temperature in the soaking tank 21. When the water outlet temperature of the spray head 23 is required to be different from the water temperature in the soaking tank 21, the water outlet temperature of the spray head 23 can be adjusted by the third control component.

[0079] Next, the battery recycling and disassembling method provided by the present invention is explained in combination with the battery recycling and disassembling equipment 101 provided by the present invention.

[0080] First, the existing battery recycling method is used to discharge the lithium iron phosphate battery and recycle the electrolyte to obtain a lithium iron phosphate battery without electrolyte. Then, the battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the present invention is used to remove the outer shell of the lithium iron phosphate battery to obtain the lithium iron phosphate pole core 10.

[0081] Then, it is necessary to first find the two ends of the diaphragm on the wound pole core 10, that is, the ends of the first diaphragm 11 and the second diaphragm 13, as well as the ends of the positive electrode sheet 12 and the negative electrode sheet 14, and then fix the ends of each part to the recovery roller group 32 of the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 101, and start the first drive component 33 to realize the stripping of each part on the pole core 10, and finally obtain the positive electrode sheet 12. In the actual operation process, the end of the first diaphragm 11 of the pole core 10 is attached to the first diaphragm recovery roller 321, the end of the negative electrode sheet 14 of the pole core 10 is attached to the negative electrode recovery roller 324, the second diaphragm 13 of the pole core 10 is attached to the second diaphragm recovery roller 322, the end of the positive electrode sheet 12 of the pole core 10 is placed on the positive electrode stripping roller 323, and the first drive component 33 is started to obtain the positive electrode sheet 12 stripped from the pole core 10 of the lithium iron phosphate battery. The end of the positive electrode sheet 12 is placed on the positive electrode stripping roller 323. Subsequently, as the first driving component 33 is started, the positive electrode stripping roller 323 is driven to rotate and the stripped positive electrode sheet 12 moves outward, and enters the infiltration and flushing part 20 under the action of gravity.

[0082] Next, the side of the positive electrode sheet 12 having the positive electrode active material layer 123 is sprayed by the spray rack 22 of the infiltration and flushing part 20, so that the carbon base coating 122 is infiltrated. The spray head 23 of the infiltration and flushing part 20 sprays warm water on the positive electrode sheet 12 falling into the infiltration and flushing part 20, and the carbon base coating 122 is infiltrated and dissolved by spraying and flushing, so that the positive electrode active material layer 123 and the positive electrode current collector 121 are loosened. During this period, the water pressure and the water temperature during spraying can be adjusted by controlling the second control component and the third control component on the spray rack 22, respectively.

[0083] Finally, the end of the positive electrode sheet 12 falls into the infiltration and flushing part 20 under the action of gravity and is immersed in the warm water of the soaking pool 21. When the positive electrode sheet 12 is immersed in the infiltration and flushing part 20, in order to avoid excessive positive electrode sheets 12 entering and causing mutual adhesion, it is necessary to guide and stack the positive electrode sheets 12 in the infiltration and flushing part 20 after the positive electrode sheets 12 enter the infiltration and flushing part 20 to ensure that the positive electrode sheets 12 are immersed in the warm water of the infiltration and flushing part 20 as much as possible. The carbon base coating 122 of the positive electrode sheet 12 dissolves in the warm water and loses its connection ability, so that the positive active material layer 123 is gradually separated from the positive current collector 121 and falls off from the positive current collector 121.

[0084] Embodiment 2: like Figure 7-Figure 10 1 is a battery recycling and disassembly method and a battery recycling and disassembly device 100 provided in a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] The following is combined with Figure 7 A battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the second embodiment of the present invention is described. The battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the present invention includes the following steps.

[0086] The battery recycling and disassembly method provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is different from that in the first embodiment in that it further includes the following steps: S4: wetting and flushing the positive electrode plate 12; and S5: recycling and winding the positive electrode current collector 121.

[0087] Among them, in the second embodiment provided by the present invention, S4: wetting and flushing the positive electrode plate 12 also includes: after soaking the positive electrode plate 12, flushing the side of the positive electrode plate 12 having the positive electrode active material layer 123. The purpose of the S4 step is to physically flush the positive electrode active material layer 123 remaining on the positive current collector 121 after the positive electrode plate 12 is soaked, and to peel off the remaining positive electrode active material layer 123 and the carbon base coating 122 from the positive current collector 121, so as to obtain a purer positive current collector 121.

[0088] In the second embodiment provided by the present invention, when the battery recycling and disassembly method is used to infiltrate and flush the positive electrode current collector 121, the flushing pressure is 0.15MPa-0.35MPa; the flushing pressure can be controlled at 0.15MPa, 0.2MPa, 0.25MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.35MPa or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. At this time, the purpose of flushing is to completely dissolve the carbon base coating 122 remaining on the positive electrode current collector 121, thereby peeling off the positive electrode active material layer 123 from the positive electrode current collector 121. In order to ensure the flushing effect, a certain pressure needs to be applied to the positive electrode current collector 121. Preferably, the flushing pressure is 0.2MPa-0.35MPa. If the water pressure is lower than 0.2MPa, the water flow is too weak and the flushing effect cannot be achieved. If the water pressure is higher than 0.35MPa, the water flow rate is too strong, and it is easy to damage the positive electrode current collector 121 during flushing, which is not conducive to recycling. Further, preferably, the flushing pressure is 0.3 MPa.

[0089] In the first embodiment provided by the present invention, in the battery recycling and disassembly method, when the positive electrode current collector 121 is flushed, the flushing temperature is 30°C-90°C. The flushing temperature is 30°C, 35°C, 38°C, 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C or any value between any two of the above numerical ranges. At this time, the purpose of flushing is to flush the carbon base coating 122 and the positive electrode active material layer 123 remaining on the positive electrode current collector 121 together before the positive electrode current collector 121 is recovered and wound, and fall back into the soaking tank 21 with the water flow. Therefore, the water temperature of the stamping can be lower than the water temperature during the wetting or soaking. Preferably, the flushing temperature is 30°C-50°C. If the temperature is too high, there may be safety hazards in the working environment of battery recycling and disassembly. The flushing water is more likely to splash onto the outside of the equipment than spraying, causing unnecessary safety problems. In addition, the flushing temperature is too high, which consumes a lot of energy and is not conducive to the economic benefits of recycling and disassembly. Preferably, the flushing temperature is 35°C.

[0090] In the second embodiment provided by the present invention, the process further includes S5: recycling and winding the positive electrode current collector 121. Figure 8As shown, in step S5, the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 100 provided by the present invention is required to recycle and wind the positive electrode current collector 121 peeled from the positive electrode sheet 12 after immersion. In step S5, the positive electrode current collector 121 that has been separated from the positive electrode active material layer 123 after immersion is fished out from the immersion tank 21 and recycled and wound. During the recycling and winding process, the above-mentioned step S4 is completed. S5 in the battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the present invention: the step of recycling and winding the positive electrode current collector 121 can be fully applicable to the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 100 provided by the present invention, and the recycling of the positive electrode current collector 121 is completed by the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 100.

[0091] The following is combined with Figure 8-Figure 10 , describing a battery recycling and disassembly device 100 provided by the second embodiment of the present invention. The battery recycling and disassembly device 100 provided by the second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that: the battery recycling and disassembly device 100 further includes a current collector recovery assembly 40; and the infiltration and flushing part 20 has two spray racks 22, and the two spray racks 22 are located at two opposite ends of the soaking tank 21.

[0092] like Figure 8 As shown, the current collector recovery assembly 40 is disposed on the opposite side of the disassembly assembly 30 , and is used to recover the positive electrode current collector 121 that has been peeled off in the infiltration and flushing part 20 .

[0093] Specifically, Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the current collector recovery assembly 40 includes a second frame 41 located above the infiltration and flushing section 20, a positive current collector recovery roller 42 disposed on the second frame 41, and a third driving member 43 driving the positive current collector recovery roller 42 to rotate, and the positive current collector 121 passing through the infiltration and flushing section 20 is wound to the positive current collector recovery roller 42. The second frame 41 and the first frame 31 in the current collector recovery assembly 40 are respectively located on opposite sides of the length direction of the soaking tank 21 of the infiltration and flushing section 20, so that the positive electrode sheet 12 entering the soaking tank 21 can be separated in the soaking tank 21, and then the end of the positive current collector 121 in the soaking tank 21 is pulled out and attached to the positive current collector recovery roller 42, and is wound on the positive current collector recovery roller 42 with the drive of the third driving member 43, completing the separate recovery of the positive current collector 121.

[0094] Furthermore, if Fig.10As shown, in the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 100 provided in the second embodiment of the present invention, the infiltration and flushing section 20 has two spray racks (22, 24), and the two spray racks (22, 24) are located at two opposite ends of the length direction of the immersion tank 21, wherein a first spray rack 22 close to the first frame 31 is used to spray the positive electrode sheet 12 that has just been peeled off, and the second spray rack 24 close to the second frame 41 is used to flush the positive electrode current collector 121 that has just been immersed and separated.

[0095] Next, the battery recycling and disassembling method provided by the second embodiment of the present invention is explained in combination with the battery recycling and disassembling equipment 100 provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0096] In step S5, the end of the positive current collector 121 of the positive electrode sheet 12 is pulled out of the wetting and flushing section 20 and attached to the positive current collector recovery roller 42, and the first driving component 33 and the third driving component 43 are started. On the one hand, the first driving component 33 is turned on, so that the disassembly section 30 continues to provide the positive electrode sheet 12 to be stripped in the wetting and flushing section 20. On the other hand, the third driving component 43 is started, so that the positive current collector 121 stripped in the wetting and flushing section 20 is continuously wound and gathered. Under the simultaneous action of both ends, the positive electrode sheets 12 in the wetting and flushing section 20 will not adhere to each other, and the problem of the positive active material layer 123 being unable to be stripped due to adhesion can be avoided.

[0097] In step S4, the positive electrode current collector 121 extending out of the soaking tank 21 is sprayed with warm water by the second spray rack 24 provided in the soaking and flushing part 20, and the spray head 23 of the second spray rack 24 is arranged toward the side of the positive electrode current collector 121 having the positive electrode active material layer 123. By flushing the positive electrode current collector 121 extending out of the soaking and flushing part 20 by the second spray rack 24, the positive electrode active material layer 123 remaining on the positive electrode current collector 121 can be better peeled off, and the remaining positive electrode active material layer 123 is flushed back into the soaking tank 21 by warm water, and collected in the recovery basket of the soaking tank 21, so that a higher quality positive electrode current collector 121 is obtained on the positive electrode current collector recovery roller 42.

[0098] Through a battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the second embodiment of the present invention, the components of the positive electrode active material obtained from the recycling basket of the infiltration and flushing part 20 are analyzed, as shown in the following Table 1: Table 1 It can be seen that the aluminum (Al) content in the positive active material obtained by the battery recycling and disassembly method provided by the present invention is very low. In active material sample 1 and active material sample 2, the positive active material layer 123 of the positive electrode sheet 12 does not contain aluminum (Al), so the aluminum (Al) content in the recycled samples is only 4.06ppm and 7.49ppm; in active material sample 3 and active material sample 4, the active material 123 of the positive electrode sheet 12 contains Al, and the positive active material layer 1 23 is 120ppm, and correspondingly, the aluminum content (Al) in the active material samples after recovery is only 131.56ppm and 128.21ppm, and the increase in the aluminum content (Al) after recovery is also extremely low, that is, in the recovery process of the positive electrode plate 12, the damage to the positive electrode collector 121 is extremely low, and the integrity of the positive electrode collector 121 can be maintained. At the same time, the purity of the recovered active material is high, which further indicates that the recovery efficiency of the positive electrode plate 12 of the pole core 10 of the lithium iron phosphate battery is high.

[0099] Embodiment three: In the pole core 10 of the lithium iron phosphate battery, if the positive electrode current collector 121 of the positive electrode plate 12 is provided with a positive electrode active material layer 123 on both sides, the spray frame 22 of the infiltration and flushing part 20 in the battery recycling and disassembly equipment 100 provided by the present invention is provided with two support frames (not shown in the figure), and the two support frames are both located at one end of the length direction of the soaking tank 21, that is, the two support frames are located below the disassembly part 30, and / or the two support frames are located below the current collector recovery assembly 40. Among them, the spray heads 23 on the two support frames are arranged oppositely, and during the recycling process, the positive electrode plate 12 disassembled by the disassembly part 30 passes between the two support frames and then enters the soaking tank. The spray heads 23 on the two support frames spray both sides of the positive electrode current collector 121 to achieve full infiltration so that the positive electrode plate 12 is infiltrated on both sides of the positive electrode active material layer 123 before entering the soaking tank 21 of the infiltration and flushing part 20. And / or, the positive electrode current collector 121 extending from the immersion tank 21 passes between the two support frames, and the spray heads 23 on the two support frames flush both sides of the positive electrode current collector 121, so that less positive active material remains on the positive electrode current collector 121 recovered in the current collector recovery assembly 40.

[0100] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery recycling and disassembly method for disassembling the positive electrode sheet in the pole core of a lithium iron phosphate battery, characterized in that: include: Peeling the positive electrode sheet off from the electrode core; Soaking the positive electrode plate; The positive electrode plate is wetted and flushed.

2. A battery recycling and disassembly method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The battery recycling and disassembly method also includes removing the outer shell of the lithium iron phosphate battery to obtain the pole core.

3. A battery recycling and disassembly method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode core comprises the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet which are stacked and wound in sequence, wherein the separator forms a first separator and a second separator on both sides of the positive electrode sheet respectively; and peeling the positive electrode sheet from the electrode core comprises: Recovering and winding the first separator located on one side of the positive electrode plate; Recovering and winding the second separator located on the other side of the positive electrode plate; And drive the positive electrode plate to move.

4. A battery recycling and disassembly method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The method of stripping the positive electrode sheet from the electrode core also includes recycling and winding the negative electrode sheet.

5. A battery recycling and disassembly method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The positive electrode sheet comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer disposed on at least one side of the positive electrode current collector; The step of soaking the positive electrode sheet comprises: The positive electrode plate is completely immersed in the recovery liquid, so that the positive electrode active material layer and the positive electrode current collector of the positive electrode plate are separated from each other in the recovery liquid.

6. A battery recycling and disassembly method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The positive electrode plate further includes a carbon base coating disposed between the positive electrode active material layer and the positive electrode current collector.

7. A battery recycling and disassembly method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature of the recovery liquid is 30° C.-90° C.; the soaking time is greater than 5 seconds.

8. A battery recycling and disassembly method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The step of wetting and flushing the positive electrode plate comprises: before soaking the positive electrode plate, spraying a side surface of the positive electrode plate having the positive electrode active material layer.

9. A battery recycling and disassembly method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The spraying pressure is 0.15MPa-0.35MPa; the spraying temperature is 30℃-90℃.

10. A battery recycling and disassembly method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The method of wetting and flushing the positive electrode plate further includes: after soaking the positive electrode plate, flushing a side surface of the positive electrode plate having the positive electrode active material layer.

11. A battery recycling and disassembly method as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that: The flushing pressure is 0.15MPa-0.35MPa; the flushing temperature is 30℃-90℃.

12. A battery recycling and disassembly method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The battery recycling and disassembly method further includes: recycling and winding the positive electrode current collector.

13. A battery recycling and disassembly equipment, applicable to a battery recycling and disassembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The battery recycling and disassembly equipment comprises a disassembly unit for disassembling the positive electrode sheet in the lithium iron phosphate electrode core and an infiltration and flushing unit for infiltrating and flushing the positive electrode sheet; The infiltration and flushing part includes an immersion tank for soaking the positive electrode sheet and at least one spray rack arranged on the immersion tank for infiltration and flushing the positive electrode sheet; The disassembling unit includes a first frame, a recovery roller group arranged on the first frame, and a first driving component arranged on the first frame to drive the recovery roller group.

14. A battery recycling and disassembly equipment as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that: The recovery roller group includes a first diaphragm recovery roller and a second diaphragm recovery roller fixed on the first frame and arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction; and a positive electrode stripping roller and a negative electrode recovery roller fixed on the first frame and arranged opposite to each other in the horizontal direction, and the infiltration and flushing part is located below the positive electrode stripping roller.

15. A battery recycling and disassembly equipment as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that: The first diaphragm of the pole core is wound onto the first diaphragm recovery roller, the second diaphragm of the pole core is wound onto the second diaphragm recovery roller, and the negative electrode sheet of the pole core is wound onto the negative electrode recovery roller; the positive electrode sheet is driven by the positive electrode stripping roller into the infiltration and flushing section.

16. A battery recycling and disassembly equipment as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that: The positive electrode stripping roller has a rotation rate greater than a rotation rate of the first separator recovery roller and / or the second separator recovery roller.

17. The battery recycling and disassembly equipment according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first and second separator recovery rollers have the same rotation rate.

18. The battery recycling and disassembly equipment according to claim 14, characterized in that: The rotation rate of the negative electrode recovery roller is equal to the rotation rate of the first separator recovery roller and / or the second separator recovery roller.

19. A battery recycling and disassembly equipment according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that: The first driving assembly includes a first driving member for driving the positive electrode stripping roller to rotate, a second driving member for driving the negative electrode recovery roller to rotate, and a transmission member that connects the second driving member to the first membrane recovery roller and the second membrane recovery roller.

20. The battery recycling and disassembly equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that: The battery recycling and disassembly equipment also includes a current collector recovery assembly; the current collector recovery assembly includes a second frame located above the infiltration and flushing part, a positive electrode current collector recovery roller arranged on the second frame, and a third driving member driving the positive electrode current collector recovery roller to rotate.

21. The battery recycling and disassembly equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that: The soaking pool of the infiltration and flushing part includes a pool body and a first control component arranged in the pool body for regulating the water temperature in the pool body.

22. A battery recycling and disassembly equipment as claimed in claim 21, characterized in that: The soaking pool of the infiltration and flushing part further includes a recovery basket arranged in the pool body and a fourth driving component arranged in the pool body for driving the recovery basket to rise and fall relative to the pool body.

23. The battery recycling and disassembly equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that: The infiltration and flushing part is provided with two spray racks, and the two spray racks are respectively located at the two end portions of the soaking pool.

24. A battery recycling and disassembly equipment as claimed in claim 13 or 23, characterized in that: The spray frame of the infiltration and flushing part includes at least one support frame, and each support frame is provided with a plurality of spray heads.

25. A battery recycling and disassembly equipment as claimed in claim 24, characterized in that: The support frame is provided with a second control component for controlling the water pressure of the sprinkler head and a third control component for regulating the water temperature of the sprinkler head.

26. A battery recycling and disassembly equipment as claimed in claim 24, characterized in that: The spray frame of the immersion part includes two support frames, the spray heads of the two support frames are arranged opposite to each other, and the positive electrode plate passes through between the two support frames.

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