Topology identification method and device based on communication state category and related product

Abstract

The invention discloses a topology identification method and system based on communication state categories and related products. The method comprises the following steps: a communication intelligent gateway performs communication state classification on first intelligent power equipment; the communication intelligent gateway determines an information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power equipment based on the communication state category corresponding to the first intelligent power equipment; the communication intelligent gateway sends a feature identification request to the first intelligent power equipment based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power equipment; the first intelligent power equipment sequentially sends feature identification responses to the communication intelligent gateway through the multi-stage routing equipment; the communication intelligent gateway responds to the carried information based on the feature identifier to obtain a topological structure of the first intelligent power equipment; and the communication intelligent gateway determines a topological structure of a target transformer area based on the topological structure of the first intelligent power device, and the target transformer area comprises an intelligent distribution transformer terminal and a plurality of intelligent power devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a topology identification method, system and related products based on communication state categories. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of smart grids, the technology of power consumption information collection systems is also constantly improving, and the success rate and accuracy of power consumption reading have also been significantly improved. As electricity becomes more and more important in the energy structure, higher requirements are also put forward for the accuracy and real-time performance of power consumption information collection in various parts of the power system. At present, the distribution network of medium and high voltage levels of 10KV and above has basically realized the online real-time detection of operation information, while the low-voltage distribution network is difficult to realize the full perception of power consumption information due to its wide distribution and large number. At the same time, in recent years, in order to meet the needs of life and production, the number of electrical equipment of users in low-voltage substations has gradually increased, the types of equipment have gradually become richer, the wiring is complex, the operation mode is changeable, and the corresponding relationship between households and transformers is chaotic, which makes the substation topology information wrong and the fault location difficult, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs and large substation losses.

[0003] In the daily maintenance and management of low-voltage distribution networks, some smart power devices in the substation area often fail to communicate, resulting in some smart power devices not receiving information during topology identification, which makes the anti-interference ability of the topology identification process poor and reduces the accuracy of topology identification. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a topology identification method, system and related products based on communication status categories. By ensuring the reliability of the communication status of each smart power device, each smart power device can receive information during the topology identification process, thereby enhancing the anti-interference ability of the topology identification process and increasing the accuracy of topology identification.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a topology identification method based on communication state categories, the method is applied to a topology identification system based on communication state categories, the system comprising: a communication intelligent gateway, an intelligent distribution transformer terminal and a plurality of intelligent power devices, the method comprising:

[0006] The communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of the plurality of intelligent power devices;

[0007] The intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction;

[0008] The intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends the state estimation signal to a first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the multiple intelligent power devices;

[0009] The first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal;

[0010] The first intelligent power device sends the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway;

[0011] The communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal;

[0012] The communication intelligent gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device;

[0013] The communication intelligent gateway sends a feature identification request to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device, wherein the feature identification request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the feature identification of the first intelligent power device;

[0014] The first intelligent power device sends the characteristic identification response to the communication intelligent gateway in sequence through a multi-level routing device, wherein the characteristic identification response includes the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device, and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is a multi-level device among the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the multiple intelligent power devices that forwards the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device to the first intelligent power device;

[0015] The communication intelligent gateway obtains the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of reaching each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device;

[0016] The communication intelligent gateway determines the topological structure of the target substation based on the topological structure of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a topology identification system based on communication status categories, characterized in that the system comprises: a communication intelligent gateway, an intelligent distribution transformer terminal, and a plurality of intelligent power devices;

[0018] The communication intelligent gateway is used to send a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of the plurality of intelligent power devices;

[0019] The intelligent distribution transformer terminal is used to obtain a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction;

[0020] The intelligent distribution transformer terminal is used to send the state estimation signal to a first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the multiple intelligent power devices;

[0021] The first intelligent power device is used to generate a reply signal based on the state estimation signal;

[0022] The first intelligent power device is used to send the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway;

[0023] The communication intelligent gateway is used to classify the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal;

[0024] The communication intelligent gateway is used to determine the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device;

[0025] The communication intelligent gateway is used to send a feature identification request to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device, wherein the feature identification request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the feature identification of the first intelligent power device;

[0026] The first intelligent power device is used to send the characteristic identification response to the communication intelligent gateway in sequence through the multi-level routing device, wherein the characteristic identification response includes the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is the multi-level device among the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices that forwards the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device to the first intelligent power device;

[0027] The communication intelligent gateway is used to obtain the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of reaching each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device;

[0028] The communication intelligent gateway is used to determine the topological structure of the target substation based on the topological structure of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices.

[0029] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory, the processor being connected to the memory, the memory being used to store a computer program, and the processor being used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the electronic device executes the method of the first aspect.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program enables a computer to execute the method of the first aspect.

[0031] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and is computer-operable to cause the computer to execute the method of the first aspect.

[0032] Implementing the embodiments of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of multiple intelligent power devices; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a state estimation signal to the first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the multiple intelligent power devices; the first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; the first intelligent power device sends a reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway; the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal; the communication intelligent gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device; the communication intelligent gateway sends a reply signal to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device. Send a feature identification request, the feature identification request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the feature identification of the first intelligent power device; the first intelligent power device sends a feature identification response to the communication intelligent gateway in sequence through the multi-level routing device, wherein the feature identification response includes the feature identification of the first intelligent power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the feature identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is a multi-level device among the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and multiple intelligent power devices that forwards the feature identification of the first intelligent power device to the first intelligent power device; the communication intelligent gateway obtains the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the feature identification of each level of routing device; the communication intelligent gateway determines the topological structure of the target substation based on the topological structure of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and multiple intelligent power devices. First, the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal, and determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device, so that each intelligent power device can communicate normally and ensure the reliability of communication between intelligent power devices. Furthermore, data transmission is performed based on the transmission strategy of each smart power device, so that each smart power device can receive information during the topology identification process, thereby enhancing the anti-interference ability during the topology identification process and increasing the accuracy of topology identification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0035] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a topology identification system based on communication status categories provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 A flowchart of a topology identification method based on communication status categories provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of an ant colony algorithm adaptively improved by pheromone volatilization factor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a networking process provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 A flowchart of another topology identification method based on communication status categories provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a topological structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a packet format modeling provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of network layer modeling provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a primary node model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a secondary node model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a terminal node model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of an OFDM sub-channel selection model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of delay comparison provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a target area topology structure identification result provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig.15 A flow chart of a communication status classification process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Fig.16An overall flow chart of a topology identification method based on node communication state categories provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] The terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" etc. in the specification, claims and drawings of the present application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0054] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, result, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0055] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the relevant technical terms involved in the present application are first explained.

[0056] Substation: refers to a specific area powered by one or more transformers. The power facilities and users within this area are directly or indirectly powered by the transformer. It should be noted that the substation in this application is a low-voltage substation.

[0057] In this application, the smart power equipment includes a smart distribution transformer terminal and a smart meter. Each smart meter includes a meter box layer low-voltage monitoring unit. Each smart meter communicates through the meter box layer low-voltage monitoring unit. In this application, each smart power device can be regarded as a node. For the sake of ease of description, in this application, there is no distinction between smart power devices and nodes.

[0058] Power Line Carrier Communication (PLC) is a communication method that uses power lines as information transmission media. It achieves remote transmission of data and voice by loading high-frequency signals onto power lines.

[0059] Communication intelligent gateway: refers to the PLC communication intelligent gateway module, which is a hardware network device with serial port and network interface, used to realize data exchange and communication between PLC, intelligent instrument, inverter, robot and other automation equipment, or data collection and reporting and system platform docking. In this application, the communication intelligent gateway is used to realize information exchange with the intelligent distribution terminal.

[0060] Intelligent distribution transformer supervisory terminal unit (TTU) is installed on the transformer side of the substation to collect the operating information of the distribution transformer, low-voltage circuit breaker / residual current action protector, smart energy meter and other operating information and the user's electricity consumption information. It completes the functions of distribution transformer metering, incoming and outgoing line switch / residual current action protector monitoring, status monitoring, load management, dynamic reactive power compensation, three-phase imbalance control, harmonic control, safety protection, interactive management, asset management, video surveillance, environmental monitoring and distributed power access management.

[0061] Low-voltage intelligent detection unit (Line Terminal Unit, LTU): Mainly used for status monitoring of key nodes (outlet lines, cable branches and meter boxes) of low-voltage distribution substation distribution lines. LTU supports electrical parameter measurement and electric energy metering (used for line loss calculation and analysis of substation line segments), automatic identification of electrical topology, active reporting of power outage and restoration alarms, access to switch quantity monitoring and local integration of acquisition terminals, and other functions. It can also be expanded according to actual application scenarios on site. Power line carrier or micro-power wireless module can be used for local communication between LTU and intelligent distribution transformer terminal (TTU). Among them, the low-voltage intelligent monitoring unit is divided into a feeder-level low-voltage monitoring unit and a meter box-level low-voltage monitoring unit. The meter box-level low-voltage monitoring unit is installed in the user's meter box, and the feeder-level low-voltage monitoring unit is installed at the low-voltage outlet of the distribution transformer room.

[0062] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a topology identification system based on communication status categories provided in an embodiment of the present application. The topology identification system based on communication status categories includes a communication intelligent gateway 101 , an intelligent distribution transformer terminal 102 , and a plurality of intelligent power devices 103 .

[0063] The communication intelligent gateway 101 sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal 102, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication state of multiple intelligent power devices 103, wherein: Figure 1 The multiple smart power devices 103 in the figure are only for illustration and do not constitute a limitation on the number of the multiple smart power devices 103; the smart distribution transformer terminal 102 obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; the smart distribution transformer terminal 102 sends a state estimation signal to the first smart power device, wherein the first smart power device is any one of the multiple smart power devices 103; the first smart power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; the first smart power device sends a reply signal to the communication smart gateway 101; the communication smart gateway 101 classifies the communication status of the first smart power device based on the reply signal; the communication smart gateway 101 determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device; the communication smart gateway 101 sends a feature identification request to the first smart power device based on the transmission strategy of the first smart power device, and the feature The identification request is used to request the first smart power device to send the characteristic identification of the first smart power device; the first smart power device sends the characteristic identification response to the communication smart gateway 101 in sequence through the multi-level routing device, wherein the characteristic identification response includes the characteristic identification of the first smart power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is a multi-level device among the smart distribution transformer terminal 102 and multiple smart power devices 103 that forwards the characteristic identification of the first smart power device to the first smart power device; the communication smart gateway 101 obtains the topological structure of the first smart power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device; the communication smart gateway 101 determines the topological structure of the target substation based on the topological structure of the first smart power device, wherein the target substation includes the smart distribution transformer terminal 102 and multiple smart power devices 103.

[0064] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of multiple intelligent power devices; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a state estimation signal to the first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the multiple intelligent power devices; the first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; the first intelligent power device sends a reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway; the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal; the communication intelligent gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device; the communication intelligent gateway sends a reply signal to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device. Send a feature identification request, the feature identification request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the feature identification of the first intelligent power device; the first intelligent power device sends a feature identification response to the communication intelligent gateway in sequence through the multi-level routing device, wherein the feature identification response includes the feature identification of the first intelligent power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the feature identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is a multi-level device among the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and multiple intelligent power devices that forwards the feature identification of the first intelligent power device to the first intelligent power device; the communication intelligent gateway obtains the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the feature identification of each level of routing device; the communication intelligent gateway determines the topological structure of the target substation based on the topological structure of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and multiple intelligent power devices. First, the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal, and determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device, so that each intelligent power device can communicate normally and ensure the reliability of communication between intelligent power devices. Furthermore, data transmission is performed based on the transmission strategy of each smart power device, so that each smart power device can receive information during the topology identification process, thereby enhancing the anti-interference ability during the topology identification process and increasing the accuracy of topology identification.

[0065] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 A flowchart of a topology identification method based on communication status categories provided in an embodiment of the present application, the method includes but is not limited to steps 201-211:

[0066] 201: The communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal.

[0067] It should be noted that before step 201, it is also necessary to collect the number and geographical location information of the smart power equipment in the substation. In the power consumption information collection communication technology, the power line carrier communication technology is currently widely used. With the continuous advancement of the construction of the power consumption information system, the number of smart meters and collection terminals has increased significantly, resulting in a very bad communication environment for carrier communication. The widespread application of power electronic devices and frequency conversion equipment has made the magnetic environment of the low-voltage distribution network more and more complex, resulting in unstable communication performance between the collector and the concentrator. Due to the interference and attenuation on the power line, micro-power wireless technology has begun to emerge. Wireless communication effectively avoids interference and attenuation on the power line, but wireless communication is easily interfered by the environment. The signal attenuation is large when penetrating walls and buildings. From this point of view, the power line carrier and micro-power wireless communication are combined with each other to give full play to their respective advantages, so as to accurately collect the information of low-voltage substation smart power equipment. This application adopts a dual-mode communication module (hereinafter referred to as a dual-mode module) of low-voltage power line carrier communication and micro-power wireless communication to collect the number and geographical location information of smart power equipment in the substation.

[0068] Specifically, the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and multiple intelligent power equipment all use dual-mode modules. The intelligent distribution transformer terminal initiates the acquisition information signal through the dual-mode module, and transmits it downlink through power line carrier communication and wireless communication respectively. The actual situation of the lower-level intelligent power equipment receiving through the dual-mode, assuming that the carrier signal is received first, the data will be fed back in the form of carrier communication, otherwise the data will be fed back in the form of wireless communication. The feedback data is mainly the self-number of the intelligent power equipment, which is uniquely set when the intelligent detection unit leaves the factory; the lower-level nodes all use dual-mode modules to forward the acquisition information signal sent by the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, and use the aforementioned method to transmit data until the intelligent power equipment in the entire substation is traversed; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal processes the collected data and counts the number of intelligent power equipment in the substation and the geographical location information.

[0069] Exemplarily, the communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of multiple intelligent power devices. When it is necessary to classify the communication status of the intelligent power device, the state estimation instruction is manually set, and then the communication intelligent gateway sends the state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal. In addition, the state estimation instruction can be sent once every preset time interval.

[0070] 202: The intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction.

[0071] 203: The intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a state estimation signal to the first intelligent power device.

[0072] Exemplarily, the intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a state estimation signal to a first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of a plurality of intelligent power devices. It should be noted that the intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a state estimation signal to each intelligent power device through the power line step by step. For ease of description, this application only takes the first intelligent power device as an example for description.

[0073] 204: The first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal.

[0074] It should be noted that the reply signal may include the identification of the first intelligent power device (ie, the self-number mentioned above, which is not specifically distinguished in this application).

[0075] 205: The first intelligent power device sends a reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway.

[0076] It should be noted that the first intelligent power device will send a reply signal upward step by step, and then summarize the reply signal through the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, and then send the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway.

[0077] 206: The communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal.

[0078] Exemplarily, the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal, including: if the communication intelligent gateway does not receive the reply signal, the communication status category of the first intelligent power device is blocked; if the communication intelligent gateway receives the reply signal, the arrival time of the reply signal is obtained; if the arrival time is greater than the preset time, the communication status category of the first intelligent power device is unreliable; if the arrival time is less than the preset time, the communication status category of the first intelligent power device is reliable.

[0079] Furthermore, if the communication status category of the first smart power device is a blocked state or an unreliable state, the communication smart gateway resends the state estimation instruction, repeats steps 201-206, and redetermines the communication status of the first smart power device. If the communication status category of the first smart power device determined again is still a blocked state or an unreliable state, its communication status category is confirmed; if the communication status category of the first smart power device determined again is a reliable state, the communication status category of the first smart power device is changed from a blocked state or an unreliable state to a reliable state.

[0080] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, if the communication intelligent gateway does not receive the reply signal, the communication status category of the first intelligent power device is a blocked state; if the communication intelligent gateway receives the reply signal, the arrival time of the reply signal is obtained; if the arrival time is greater than the preset time, the communication status category of the first intelligent power device is an unreliable state; if the arrival time is less than the preset time, the communication status category of the first intelligent power device is a reliable state. The communication status of the first intelligent power device is classified by the time when the reply signal arrives to ensure a more accurate classification, so as to facilitate the subsequent determination of different data transmission strategies for each smart power device of different communication status categories. Furthermore, the state estimation instruction can be issued once at a preset time interval, specifically, once every five minutes, so as to achieve real-time perception of the communication status category of the smart power device.

[0081] 207: The communication intelligent gateway determines an information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication state category corresponding to the first intelligent power device.

[0082] Optionally, if the communication status category of the first smart power device is an unreliable state, the communication smart gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device, including: dividing the initial path corresponding to the first smart power device into multiple sub-channels based on preset parameters; sending a test signal of preset power to the information receiving device based on each sub-channel, wherein the preset power enables the information receiving device to receive the test signal sent by each sub-channel; determining the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each sub-channel based on the test signal; determining the target sub-channel based on the signal-to-noise ratio of each sub-channel; and transmitting the feature identification request through the initial path and in the target sub-channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device.

[0083] For the first intelligent power equipment whose communication status category is unreliable, there are many factors that lead to unreliable communication and timeout of reply signal transmission (i.e., arrival time is greater than preset time), mainly because the noise and interference of the communication line are too large, or the transmission power of the signal sending end is not large enough. Based on this, the present application proposes to adopt an OFDM target subchannel selection strategy to reduce the impact of line noise and interference on the carrier signal through reasonable target subchannel selection, and at the same time concentrate power to send signals through the target subchannel to improve the reliability and effectiveness of information transmission.

[0084] Specifically, the initial path corresponding to the first intelligent power device is divided into multiple sub-channels based on preset parameters. The initial path corresponding to the first intelligent power device is an initial path for signal transmission from the first intelligent power device to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal determined based on the power line communication carrier technology. A test signal of preset power is sent to the information receiving device based on each sub-channel, wherein the preset power enables the information receiving device to receive the test signal sent by each sub-channel, wherein the information receiving device can be an intelligent distribution transformer terminal. SNR0 Each sub-channel sends the same test signal, and the anti-interference ability of the data is increased in this redundant sending manner. A test signal of preset power is sent to the information receiving device through each sub-channel, and the transmission power intensity of the test signal increases from low to high until the information receiving device can receive the test signal of each sub-channel, that is, the preset power enables the information receiving device to receive the test signal sent by each sub-channel.

[0085] Furthermore, based on the test signal, the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each sub-channel is determined, wherein the signal-to-noise ratio of each sub-channel can be determined by formula (1):

[0086] SNR i =|H(i)| 2 / σ2 formula (1)

[0087] Where i represents the i-th subchannel among multiple subchannels, H(i) represents the frequency response of the i-th subchannel, σ 2 is the noise of the ith subchannel.

[0088] Based on the signal-to-noise ratio of each subchannel, the target subchannel is determined. Specifically, the difference between the signal-to-noise ratio of each subchannel and the preset signal-to-noise ratio is determined, and the subchannel corresponding to the maximum difference is used as the target subchannel. The characteristic identification request is transmitted through the initial path and in the target subchannel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device, and further, the power transmission characteristic identification request is concentrated through the target subchannel. In this application, the transmission strategy can be referred to as the OFDM subchannel selection strategy.

[0089] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the initial path corresponding to the first intelligent power device is divided into multiple sub-channels based on preset parameters; a test signal of preset power is sent to the information receiving device based on each sub-channel, wherein the preset power enables the information receiving device to receive the test signal sent by each sub-channel; based on the test signal, the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each sub-channel is determined; based on the signal-to-noise ratio of each sub-channel, the target sub-channel is determined; and the characteristic identification request is transmitted through the initial path and in the target sub-channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device. For the first intelligent power device whose communication status category is an unreliable node, the communication reliability of the first intelligent power device will be ensured by determining the corresponding information transmission strategy. In addition, the difference between the signal-to-noise ratio of each sub-channel and the preset signal-to-noise ratio is determined, and the sub-channel corresponding to the maximum difference is used as the target sub-channel, ensuring that the determined target sub-channel has a larger signal-to-noise ratio, reducing the impact of noise on the transmitted signal, and further ensuring the communication reliability of the first intelligent power device.

[0090] Optionally, if the communication status category of the first smart power device is a blocked state, the communication smart gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device, including: issuing networking instructions to the first smart power device through the smart distribution transformer terminal; obtaining multiple networking paths corresponding to the networking instructions received by the first smart power device; determining the target networking path based on the delay, communication rate and number of smart power devices passed by each networking path; using the target networking path as the information transmission path for the first smart power device; and using the characteristic identification request transmitted through the target networking path and in an idle channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device.

[0091] For the first intelligent power device whose communication status category is blocked, since the low-voltage substation topology is unknown, the power line networking cannot be reasonably configured using relevant information. Under the condition of knowing the geographical location of each intelligent power device, selecting reasonable relay nodes and conducting reliable networking are the key to ensuring the reliability of power line communication.

[0092] In one embodiment of the present application, a method for determining a target networking path by using an ant colony algorithm adaptively improved by a pheromone volatilization factor is provided, including: Figure 3 As shown, including but not limited to steps 301-311:

[0093] 301: Initialization parameters.

[0094] Determine the starting node (i.e., the intelligent distribution terminal), the target node (i.e., the first intelligent power device), the maximum number of iterations Nmax, the pheromone concentration volatility coefficient ρ, the pheromone heuristic factor α, the starting point expected heuristic factor β, etc.

[0095] 302: Path selection, based on probability search.

[0096] Specifically, M ants are placed at the starting node, the taboo table is initialized, and the starting node is added to the taboo table. According to the path selection probability formula, the next node j is found, and it is determined whether the node j meets the preset conditions. If it meets the conditions, the node j is added to the taboo table and the path length is updated. This cycle is repeated until the ants reach the destination or a deadlock occurs.

[0097] The path selection probability formula (2) is:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, α represents the pheromone heuristic factor, which reflects the importance of pheromone concentration when making path selection; β represents the expected heuristic factor, which reflects the importance of heuristic information in path selection; allowed k represents the set of next nodes j that the ant can choose at the current node i; τ i,j (t) indicates the path<i,j> The pheromone concentration of i,j (t) indicates the path<i,j> The inspiration information,η i,j The expression is:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, V ij Indicates the path<i,j> The communication rate between ij Indicates the path<i,j> The larger the value, the better the communication conditions are, and the greater the probability of being selected as a relay node.

[0102] 303: Determine whether the next node j is the target node.

[0103] 304: If yes, update the pheromone concentration.

[0104] Specifically, the pheromone increment is updated first. When a generation of ants completes the search, the ants that have not reached the target node are abandoned. For the best ant, the pheromone increment on the path it has passed is strengthened according to formula (3).

[0105]

[0106] Among them, Δτ i,j (t) indicates the path<i,j> is the pheromone increment, Q is the pheromone intensity, L k is the number of hops of the path taken by the kth ant in this iteration.

[0107] After the pheromone increment is updated, the pheromone concentration is updated according to the pheromone volatility factor improved based on the adaptive mechanism. The pheromone concentration update formula (4) is as follows:

[0108] τ i,j (t+1)=[1-ρ(t+1)]*τ i,j (t)+Δτ i,j (t+1) Formula (4)

[0109] Among them, τ i,j (t+1) is the t+1th iteration path<i,j> is the pheromone concentration, is the pheromone concentration volatility coefficient, is the t+1th iteration path<i,j> To increase the pheromone.

[0110] Furthermore, a path from the initial node to the target node is obtained.

[0111] If not, the process returns to step 302 to continue searching for nodes at the next level until the target node is determined.

[0112] 305: Update path pheromone volatility factor.

[0113] The adaptive update strategy for the pheromone volatility factor ρ can ensure the global search capability in the early stage of the algorithm, improve the convergence speed in the middle and late stages of the algorithm, and ensure the diversity of paths while improving the convergence speed. The pheromone volatility factor ρ decreases monotonically with the increase of the number of iterations. When it decreases to the minimum value, it no longer decreases. The calculation method is shown in the following formula (5):

[0114]

[0115] Among them, ρ min is the minimum value of ρ, N max is the maximum number of iterations, N is the current number of iterations. By limiting the upper and lower limits of pheromone concentration, the algorithm can be prevented from falling into the local optimal solution and the convergence speed of the algorithm can be accelerated.

[0116] 306: Determine whether the path from the initial node to the target node is an optimal path.

[0117] 307: If yes, update the optimal path pheromone.

[0118] If not, execute step 310.

[0119] 308: Whether it is the global optimal path.

[0120] 309: If yes, update the global optimal path pheromone.

[0121] 310: Determine whether the number of iterations has been reached.

[0122] 311: If yes, output the optimal path.

[0123] If not, return to step 302 until the optimal path is output.

[0124] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, by setting the adaptive update strategy of the pheromone volatility factor, that is, the pheromone volatility factor ρ decreases monotonically with the increase of the number of iterations, and when it decreases to the minimum value, it no longer decreases, which can ensure the global search capability of the algorithm in the early stage, improve the convergence speed of the algorithm in the middle and late stages, and ensure the diversity of paths while improving the convergence speed. By limiting the upper and lower limits of the pheromone volatility factor, it can avoid the algorithm from falling into the local optimal solution and accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm.

[0125] In the present application, the target networking path can be determined by the optimized ant colony algorithm (ie, the ant colony algorithm adaptively improved by the pheromone volatilization factor).

[0126] Specifically, a two-dimensional geographic location map of multiple smart power devices and smart distribution transformer terminals is obtained, and a networking instruction is issued to the first smart power device based on the smart distribution transformer terminal. The networking instruction can search for the smart power devices of the next level of the smart distribution transformer terminal step by step based on the optimized ant colony algorithm. Specifically, the networking instruction is issued to multiple third smart power devices in the first level through the smart distribution transformer terminal, wherein the first level is the next level of the smart distribution transformer terminal. After receiving the networking instruction, the multiple third smart power devices enable the data forwarding function and transmit it to the next level of smart power devices until the search instruction is transmitted to the first smart power device (that is, the target node with a blocked communication status category). After receiving the networking instruction, the target node with a blocked communication status category records the arrival delay and communication rate of each path, selects the networking path corresponding to the maximum delay and the minimum communication rate, and uploads it to the smart distribution transformer terminal, which is then uploaded to the PLC gateway by the smart distribution transformer terminal.

[0127] Specifically, the intelligent distribution transformer terminal is used as the starting node, the first intelligent power device is used as the target node, and a networking instruction is sent to the target node through the starting node. Specifically, based on the method recorded in step 302, the paths from the starting node to multiple third intelligent power devices in the first level (also referred to as nodes in the first level) are determined to obtain multiple first paths.

[0128] After receiving the networking instruction, multiple third smart power devices in the first level calculate the communication delay and rate from themselves to the smart distribution transformer terminal, and feed it back to the smart distribution transformer terminal. The smart distribution transformer terminal selects the target third smart power device according to the path probability selection formula, adds the target third smart power device to the taboo table, and updates the pheromone table at the same time. Specifically, based on the two-dimensional geographic location map, determine the delay and communication rate of each third smart power device receiving the networking instruction. Specifically, determine the delay based on the distance between each third smart power device and the smart distribution transformer terminal, and the propagation speed;

[0129] Based on the time delay and communication rate of each third intelligent power device receiving the networking instruction, as well as the preset maximum time delay and minimum communication rate, the target third intelligent power device is determined from multiple third intelligent power devices. That is, it is determined whether the first path corresponding to each third intelligent power device meets the preset conditions; if the preset conditions are met, the third intelligent device corresponding to the first path that meets the preset conditions is used as the target third intelligent power device, that is, the target third intelligent power device is determined from multiple third intelligent power devices based on the preset.

[0130] The preset condition can be expressed by formula (6):

[0131]

[0132] Among them, D[R(E i ,E j )] represents node E i To E j The delay, D max1 Represents the first maximum delay, V[R(E i ,E j )] represents node E i To E j The communication rate, V min1 Indicates the first minimum communication rate, E i and E j is a node in the substation, that is, a smart power device in the substation, where node E i To E j There are no relay nodes in between.

[0133] If the first smart power device exists in the target third smart power device, the first smart power device receives the networking instruction issued by the smart distribution transformer terminal, that is, the target node receives the networking instruction, corresponding to E in step 304. j is the target node, and based on the steps recorded in step 305, the pheromone concentration and pheromone volatility factor are updated, and E j Added to the taboo list.

[0134] If the first intelligent power device does not exist in the target third intelligent power device, the target third intelligent power device sends networking instructions to multiple third intelligent power devices in the next level corresponding to the target third intelligent power device, until the target third target intelligent power device in the last level includes the first intelligent power device, and the first intelligent power device receives the networking instruction issued based on the intelligent distribution transformer terminal. Specifically, based on the method recorded in step 302, the path from the target third target intelligent power device to multiple third intelligent power devices (also referred to as nodes of the second level) in the next level corresponding to the target third intelligent power device is determined to obtain multiple second paths, and then a new target third target intelligent power device is determined based on the above method until the target third target intelligent power device in the last level includes the first intelligent power device. That is, the target node receives the networking instruction. It should be noted that in this application, all intelligent power devices in the substation whose communication status category is blocked should be traversed until each intelligent power device whose communication status category is blocked receives the networking instruction.

[0135] Specifically, multiple networking paths corresponding to the networking instructions received by the first intelligent power device are obtained, wherein each networking path passes through multiple intelligent power devices. Based on the delay, communication rate and number of intelligent power devices passed by each networking path, the target networking path is determined. Specifically, for the first networking path, multiple intelligent power devices passed by the first networking path are determined, and the delay and communication rate corresponding to each intelligent power device of the first networking path through which the networking instruction passes are obtained, and the total delay and total communication rate of the first networking path are obtained. Among them, the first networking path is any one of the multiple networking paths. The path with the smallest total delay, the fastest total communication rate and the smallest number of hops among the multiple networking paths is taken as the target networking path. The target networking path is taken as the information transmission path of the first intelligent power device; passing through the target networking path and transmitting the feature identification request in the idle channel is taken as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device. In this application, this strategy can be referred to as a networking strategy based on power line carrier.

[0136] Furthermore, the intelligent distribution transformer terminal is represented by node E0, and the first intelligent power device is represented by node E dIt means that for the first networking path, the multiple smart power devices that the first networking path passes through, that is, the multiple nodes passed through, are determined, and the delay and communication rate corresponding to each smart power device that the networking instruction passes through the first networking path are obtained, and the total delay and total communication rate of the first networking path are obtained. Among them, the first networking path is any one of the multiple networking paths. The path with the smallest total delay, the fastest total communication rate and the smallest number of hops among the multiple networking paths is taken as the target networking path, and the global pheromone is updated according to the optimal path. The target networking path is used as the information transmission path of the first smart power device. The optimization objective function can be expressed by formula (7), wherein the optimization objective function is node E0 to node E d The minimum number of hops required, with the constraint that the node E0 to node E d The communication delay should be less than the second maximum delay D max2 , and it should be ensured that the node E0 to node E d The communication rate should be greater than the second minimum communication rate V min2 ; In addition, due to the node E0 to node E d If direct communication is not possible, it should be ensured that there is at least one relay node between the two nodes, wherein the second maximum delay is greater than the first maximum delay, and the second minimum communication rate is greater than the first minimum communication rate.

[0137]

[0138] Where D[R(E0,E d )] represents the node E0 to the node E d The delay, D max2 Represents the second maximum delay, V[R(E0,E d )] represents the node E0 to the node E d The communication rate, V min2 Indicates the second minimum communication rate, |E0-E d | represents the node E0 to the node E d The number of relay nodes between them.

[0139] Optionally, if the communication state of the first intelligent power device is a reliable state, based on the communication state category corresponding to the first intelligent power device, the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device is determined, including: using the initial path and transmitting the feature identification request in the idle channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device. That is, signal transmission is performed through power line carrier technology.

[0140] Furthermore, if the communication state of the first intelligent device is unreliable or blocked, and the transmission strategy determined based on the above method still cannot effectively transmit signals, then based on the combination of OFDM subchannel selection strategy and networking strategy, that is, after the networking strategy is completed, in order to further ensure the reliability of communication, the OFDM subchannel selection strategy is adopted, and the communication reliability is ensured through the above OFDM subchannel selection strategy. For communication nodes with extremely poor channel environment, the two strategy solutions are combined to ensure their communication reliability.

[0141] For example, Figure 4 As shown, if the first intelligent power device is a node of the third level, the networking of the nodes of the third level is taken as an example for explanation. Based on the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, a networking instruction is issued to the first intelligent power device; the second-level node receives the networking instruction, and determines the target node of the second level with preset conditions, updates the taboo table, and updates the pheromone concentration; the target node of the second level forwards the networking instruction to the node of the third level, and determines the target node of the third level that meets the preset conditions, updates the taboo table, and updates the pheromone concentration; if the target node of the third level includes the first intelligent power device, the first intelligent power device receives the networking instruction, updates the taboo table, and updates the pheromone concentration; traverses all intelligent power devices in the target area whose communication status category is blocked; and completes the networking of the target area.

[0142] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, by obtaining a two-dimensional geographical location map of multiple smart power devices and smart distribution transformer terminals; the smart distribution transformer terminal respectively issues networking instructions to multiple third smart power devices in the first level, wherein the first level is the next level of the smart distribution transformer terminal; based on the two-dimensional geographical location map, the delay and communication rate at which each third smart power device receives the networking instruction are determined; based on the delay and communication rate at which each third smart power device receives the networking instruction, as well as the preset maximum delay and minimum communication rate, the target third smart power device is determined from the multiple third smart power devices; if the first smart power device exists in the target third smart power device, the first smart power device receives the networking instruction issued based on the smart distribution transformer terminal; if the first smart power device does not exist in the target third smart power device, the target third smart power device respectively issues networking instructions to multiple third smart power devices in the next level corresponding to the target third smart power device, until the target third target smart power device in the last level includes the first smart power device, then the first smart power device receives the networking instruction issued based on the smart distribution transformer terminal. When the communication state of the first intelligent power device is blocked, the initial path is no longer used for signal transmission, but the target networking path is reselected for information transmission. Specifically, based on the optimized ant colony algorithm, multiple networking paths are found for the intelligent distribution transformer terminal to issue networking instructions to the first intelligent power device. In addition, in each step of the networking process, the target third intelligent power device is selected according to preset constraints to ensure that the delay and communication rate of the selected node (i.e., the target third intelligent power device) meet the preset conditions. While ensuring the reliability of communication, the communication rate is also improved.

[0143] Furthermore, multiple networking paths corresponding to the networking instructions received by the first intelligent power device are obtained; the target networking path is determined based on the delay, communication rate and number of smart power devices passed by each networking path; the target networking path is used as the information transmission path of the first intelligent power device; and the characteristic identification request is transmitted through the target networking path and in the idle channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device. That is, the path with the smallest total delay, the fastest total communication rate and the smallest number of smart power devices passed by among the multiple networking paths is used as the target networking path. While ensuring the communication reliability of the first intelligent power device, the communication rate is also improved, providing a guarantee for improving the efficiency of topology identification.

[0144] 208: The communication intelligent gateway sends a feature identification request to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device.

[0145] Among them, the characteristic identification request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device, and the characteristic identification request also includes a signal representing the target substation. Specifically, the communication intelligent gateway issues a characteristic identification request, and after the intelligent distribution transformer terminal receives the instruction, according to the optimal route and OFDM subchannel selection strategy planned by the intelligent device networking algorithm of the substation, the substation characteristic identification signal and the A phase line characteristic identification signal (hereinafter referred to as the characteristic identification signal) are modulated to the selected OFDM subcarrier using QAM modulation, and first sent to the intelligent power devices at the downstream communication nodes of the A phase line. After 30s, the intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends the substation characteristic identification signal and the B phase line characteristic identification signal to the intelligent power devices at the downstream communication nodes of the B phase line. The above operation is repeated until the characteristic identification signal is sent to the C phase line, until the characteristic identification request is sent to each intelligent power device.

[0146] 209: The first intelligent power device sends a characteristic identification response to the communication intelligent gateway in sequence through the multi-level routing devices.

[0147] Among them, the characteristic identification response includes the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is a multi-level device among the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and multiple intelligent power devices that forwards the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device to the first intelligent power device.

[0148] After receiving the feature identification request, the smart power device at each node transmits the feature identification response to the upper node. When the feature identification response reaches each level node, the smart power device at each level node records the information carried by the feature identification response and generates an arrival identification based on the smart power device's own identification signal, wherein the arrival identification may also include the time of arrival at the smart power device. The feature identification response includes the feature identification signal sent by the upper node and the smart power device's own identification signal (composed of the unique number at the time of leaving the factory).

[0149] After the intelligent distribution transformer terminal receives the characteristic feedback identification signal of the intelligent power equipment, it uploads it to the communication intelligent gateway. The communication intelligent gateway compares and analyzes the characteristic identification responses uploaded by each intelligent power device. If the characteristic identification response returned by the lower-level node corresponds to the characteristic identification signal sent by the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, it can be identified that this node belongs to the equipment in the target substation, and the substation equipment identification is completed.

[0150] Furthermore, 30 seconds after the communication intelligent gateway receives all characteristic identification responses, each node intelligent detection unit uploads the arrival identification, wherein the arrival identification is the time of arrival at each level of routing equipment and the characteristic identification of each level of routing equipment.

[0151] 210: The communication intelligent gateway obtains the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of reaching each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device.

[0152] Based on the time of reaching each level of routing equipment and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing equipment, the hierarchical relationship between the multi-level routing equipment and the first intelligent power equipment is determined; based on the hierarchical relationship between the multi-level routing equipment and the first intelligent power equipment, the topological structure of the first intelligent power equipment is obtained.

[0153] 211: The communication intelligent gateway determines the topology structure of the target area based on the topology structure of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target area includes an intelligent distribution transformer terminal and a plurality of intelligent power devices.

[0154] Based on the method for determining the topological structure of the first intelligent power device, the topological structure of each intelligent power device in the target area is determined, and the communication intelligent gateway integrates the road topological structures corresponding to the intelligent power devices to form the topological structure of the entire target area.

[0155] For example, Figure 5 As shown, the process of topology identification includes: the communication intelligent gateway sends a feature identification request; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a feature identification request, specifically, Figure 6 The intelligent distribution transformer terminal shown is Figure 6 The request from the middle node 1 is passed step by step until it reaches the end node (such as Figure 6 Node 4, node 5, node 6 shown); each level of smart power equipment receives the feature identification request; after receiving the feature identification request, each level of smart power equipment generates a feature identification response and sends it to node 1 through the power line step by step. The smart distribution transformer terminal receives the feature identification response and uploads it to the communication smart gateway. At the same time, each level of nodes records the feature identification response transmission path and generates an arrival identification, that is, the time of arrival at each level of routing equipment and the feature identification of each level of routing equipment. When node 1 receives all feature identification responses, it uploads them to the communication smart gateway. The communication smart gateway compares the feature identification request and the feature identification response. For signals with the same phase data of the written area, it is identified as belonging to the target area, such as Figure 6The nodes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 shown belong to the same substation. After node 1 receives all feature identification responses for 30 seconds, the intelligent power devices at all levels upload the arrival identification to the communication intelligent gateway. The arrival identification is summarized by node 1 and uploaded to the communication intelligent gateway. The communication intelligent gateway compares the arrival identification to complete the hierarchical identification of the intelligent power devices in the target substation and obtains the topological structure of the target substation. For example, in the above example, node 4 sends a feature identification response and records the arrival identification as a1. The feature identification response passes through node 2 and records the arrival identification as a2. The final feature identification response arrives at node 1 and records the arrival identification as a3. The communication intelligent gateway identifies the topological structure level of the branch as 1-2-4 based on the information carried by a1, a2, and a3, that is, the time of arrival at each level of routing equipment and the feature identification of each level of routing equipment, including: the time of arrival at node 4 and the feature identification of node 4, the time of arrival at node 2 and the feature identification of node 2, and the time of arrival at node 1 and the feature identification of node 1. Based on the order of arrival at each node and the feature identification, the communication intelligent gateway identifies that the topological structure level of the branch is 1-2-4.

[0156] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of multiple intelligent power devices; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a state estimation signal to the first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the multiple intelligent power devices; the first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; the first intelligent power device sends a reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway; the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal; the communication intelligent gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device; the communication intelligent gateway sends a reply signal to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device. Send a feature identification request, the feature identification request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the feature identification of the first intelligent power device; the first intelligent power device sends a feature identification response to the communication intelligent gateway in sequence through the multi-level routing device, wherein the feature identification response includes the feature identification of the first intelligent power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the feature identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is a multi-level device among the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and multiple intelligent power devices that forwards the feature identification of the first intelligent power device to the first intelligent power device; the communication intelligent gateway obtains the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the feature identification of each level of routing device; the communication intelligent gateway determines the topological structure of the target substation based on the topological structure of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and multiple intelligent power devices. First, the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal, and determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device, so that each intelligent power device can communicate normally and ensure the reliability of communication between intelligent power devices. Furthermore, data transmission is performed based on the transmission strategy of each smart power device, so that each smart power device can receive information during the topology identification process, thereby enhancing the anti-interference ability during the topology identification process and increasing the accuracy of topology identification.

[0157] In the embodiments of the present application, simulation modeling and result analysis are also provided.

[0158] This application is based on the OPNET simulation platform and combines the characteristics of low-voltage areas to customize its transmission link model, equipment model, and channel environment model.

[0159] First, the transmission information modeling is performed. The packet format of the power line carrier communication is applicable to various forms such as IE8021.15.6 and IEC61850-9. This application follows the above form to perform packet format modeling, as follows Figure 7 shown.

[0160] Among them, Address is the destination address; Condition is the device status information; Shebeiid is the unique identification number of each device in the area; Xweizhi and yweizhi are the geographical locations of the devices in the area. Condition is used to describe the status information of the device. It is a random number. When the value is greater than the predetermined threshold, it means that there is a problem with the device. Shebeiid is used to address it when there is a problem with the device.

[0161] Next, perform equipment modeling.

[0162] 1 Network layer modeling

[0163] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the network layer consists of a distribution network terminal node: node-3, three low-voltage areas (node-0, node-9, node-15 and their surrounding secondary devices, among which the secondary devices corresponding to node-0 include node-4, node-5, node-6, node-7 and node-8, the secondary devices corresponding to node-9 include node-10, node-11, node-12, node-13 and node-14, and the secondary devices corresponding to node-15 include node-15, node-16, node-17, node-18 and node-19). Two remote area devices: node-2 and node-1. The primary nodes are connected through the bus and send data to the bus link; the terminal nodes receive and send data.

[0164] 2-node model

[0165] (1) First-level node model

[0166] There are two formats of messages in this simulation. The transmission channel frequency range is divided into four channels with equal intervals of 4MHz-50MHz for multiplexing. The function of the first-level node is to select the appropriate way to send data according to the different channel conditions in the downlink, and to aggregate the data and send it to the terminal node in the uplink. At the same time, the channel state estimation information is collected on the bus link. If the channel state is not good, the transmission power is concentrated on a sub-channel to transmit the signal, sacrificing channel resources to ensure that the device status information can accurately reach the terminal node. The first-level node model is shown in the figure below: Fig. 9 shown. Fig. 9Includes: Sink, Bus_Rx, Gen, Tx_Proc, Bus_Rx, P_3, Pt_0, Pr_0, Pt_1, Pr_1, Pt_2, Pr_2, Pt_3, Pr_3, Pt_4, Pr_4.

[0167] (2) Secondary Node Model

[0168] The secondary node transmits the most basic message information, and uploads its own device ID, status information, etc. to the primary node. It consists of a pair of transceivers, a packet generation process, and a packet processing process. Fig.10 Includes: P_0, P_1, Pr_0, Pt_0.

[0169] (3) Terminal Node Model

[0170] The first-level device and the terminal node use a bus link with a link rate of 9600bps. The device and the second-level device use a point-to-point link transmission with a rate of 4800bps. The terminal node model is modeled as follows Fig.11 The terminal node model is relatively simple, p_1 generates a signal to rx_proc to send to the bus link to classify the communication status. Fig.12 Includes: P_1, Rx_Proc, Bus_Rx, Bt_0.

[0171] Simulation result analysis: This application uses the OPNET simulation platform to simulate the OFDM sub-channel selection strategy based on the above-mentioned model. This application uses 32 OFDM sub-channels for simulation. The 32-channel OFDM simulation modeling image is as follows: Fig.12 As shown, the gen node is responsible for generating the signal and transmitting it to the network layer tx_proc node. At the same time, the tx_proc node processes the signal and then selects the subcarrier for transmission.

[0172] At the same time, the communication delay from node tx_proc to node bus_tx is recorded and compared with the communication delay from node tx_proc to node bus_tx without adopting OFDM subchannel selection strategy. The results are as follows Fig.13 As shown. Delay is defined as the delay signal-to-noise ratio equivalent, which is used to represent the channel signal-to-noise ratio. Fig.13 It can be seen that under the same delay conditions, the OFDM subchannel selection strategy (i.e. Fig.13 The OFDM sub-channel selection strategy is adopted in the Fig.13 The OFDM subchannel selection strategy is not adopted in the communication, which has lower delay and ensures the reliability of communication.

[0173] Based on the above topology identification scheme, the OPNET simulation platform is used to realize the identification of the low-voltage area topology structure, such as Fig.14 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the X coordinate of the setting node, and the vertical axis represents the Y coordinate of the setting node. Fig.14 It reflects the geographical location information and topological structure information of the low-voltage area equipment. The simulation results show that the low-voltage area topology identification scheme proposed by the present invention has high accuracy and good reliability.

[0174] In one embodiment of the present application, Fig.15 As shown, a flow chart of communication status classification is also provided, including but not limited to:

[0175] The communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal;

[0176] The intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction;

[0177] The intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends a state estimation signal to the first intelligent power device;

[0178] The first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal;

[0179] The first intelligent power device sends a reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway;

[0180] The communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal;

[0181] If the communication intelligent gateway does not receive a reply signal, it re-sends the status estimation signal and classifies the node communication status;

[0182] If the communication intelligent gateway receives a reply signal and the arrival time is greater than the preset time, it will resend the state estimation signal to classify the node communication state;

[0183] If the communication intelligent gateway receives a reply signal and the arrival time is less than the preset time, the node communication status is classified;

[0184] Finally, the node communication status is classified into reliable state, unreliable state or blocked state.

[0185] It should be noted that the specific determination method has been described in detail in steps 201-206, and this application will not repeat it here.

[0186] In one embodiment of the present application, Fig.16 As shown, a general flow chart of a topology identification method based on a node communication state category is also provided, including but not limited to the steps of:

[0187] Statistics on the number and geographic location of smart power devices.

[0188] It should be noted that the smart power equipment includes the aforementioned smart distribution transformer terminal and multiple smart power equipment. In the embodiment of the present application, the smart power equipment can be regarded as a node.

[0189] The communication status of the nodes is classified into reliable status, unreliable status and blocked status.

[0190] For reliable status, conventional power line carrier communication is used as the information transmission strategy; for unreliable status, OFDM subchannel selection is used as the information transmission strategy; for blocked status, power line carrier-based networking is used as the information transmission strategy. Ensure that all smart power equipment in the target area can achieve reliable communication through power line carrier.

[0191] Finally, topology identification is performed based on power line carrier communication.

[0192] It should be noted that the specific determination method in this embodiment has been described in detail in steps 201-211, and this application will not repeat it here.

[0193] See also Fig.17 , Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.17 The electronic device 1700 shown may be the above-mentioned topology identification system based on communication status category. Fig.17 The electronic device 1700 shown includes a communication interface 1701, a processor 1702, a memory 1703 and a bus 1704. The communication interface 1701, the processor 1702 and the memory 1703 are connected to each other through the bus 1704.

[0194] Among them, the processor 1702 can integrate the functions of the above-mentioned communication intelligent gateway, intelligent distribution transformer terminal and multiple intelligent power devices. Specifically, the communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of the multiple intelligent power devices; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; the intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends the state estimation signal to the first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the multiple intelligent power devices; the first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; the first intelligent power device sends the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway; the communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal; the communication intelligent gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device; the communication intelligent gateway sends a special message to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device. A feature identification request is provided, wherein the feature identification request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the feature identification of the first intelligent power device; the first intelligent power device sends the feature identification response to the communication intelligent gateway in sequence through the multi-level routing device, wherein the feature identification response includes the feature identification of the first intelligent power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the feature identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is a multi-level device among the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the multiple intelligent power devices that forwards the feature identification of the first intelligent power device to the first intelligent power device; the communication intelligent gateway obtains the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the feature identification of each level of routing device; the communication intelligent gateway determines the topological structure of the target substation based on the topological structure of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the multiple intelligent power devices.

[0195] The memory 1703 may be a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device or a random access memory (RAM). The memory 1703 may store a program. When the program stored in the memory 1703 is executed by the processor 1702, the processor 1702 and the communication interface 1701 are used to execute the various steps of the topology identification method based on the communication state category of the embodiment of the present application.

[0196] Processor 1702 can adopt a general central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a graphics processing unit (GPU) or one or more integrated circuits to execute relevant programs to implement the functions required to be performed by each system in the topology identification system based on communication status categories, or to execute the topology identification method based on communication status categories of the method embodiment of the present application.

[0197] It should be understood that the electronic devices in this application may include smart phones (such as Android phones, iOS phones, Windows Phone phones, etc.), tablet computers, PDAs, laptops, mobile Internet devices MID (Mobile Internet Devices, referred to as: MID) or wearable devices, etc. The above electronic devices are only examples, not exhaustive, and include but are not limited to the above electronic devices. In practical applications, the above electronic devices may also include: smart vehicle terminals, computer equipment, etc.

[0198] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement some or all steps of any topology identification method based on communication status category as recorded in the above method embodiments.

[0199] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and the computer program is operable to cause a computer to execute part or all of the steps of any topology identification method based on communication status category as recorded in the above method embodiments.

[0200] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all described as a series of action splicing, but those skilled in the art should be aware that this application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to this application, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by this application.

[0201] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0202] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, such as the division of units, which is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical or other forms.

[0203] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0204] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software program module.

[0205] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software program module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a memory and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of each embodiment method of the present application. The aforementioned memory includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0206] A person skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable memory, and the memory can include: a flash drive, a read-only memory (English: Read-Only Memory, abbreviated as: ROM), a random access memory (English: Random Access Memory, abbreviated as: RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0207] The embodiments of the present application are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in the present application to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A topology identification method based on communication status category, characterized in that: The method is applied to a topology identification system based on communication status categories, the system comprising: a communication intelligent gateway, an intelligent distribution transformer terminal and a plurality of intelligent power devices, the method comprising: The communication intelligent gateway sends a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of the plurality of intelligent power devices; The intelligent distribution transformer terminal obtains a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; The intelligent distribution transformer terminal sends the state estimation signal to a first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the multiple intelligent power devices; The first intelligent power device generates a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; The first intelligent power device sends the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway; The communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal; The communication intelligent gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device; The communication intelligent gateway sends a feature identification request to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device, wherein the feature identification request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the feature identification of the first intelligent power device; The first intelligent power device sends the characteristic identification response to the communication intelligent gateway in sequence through a multi-level routing device, wherein the characteristic identification response includes the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device, and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is a multi-level device among the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the multiple intelligent power devices that forwards the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device to the first intelligent power device; The communication intelligent gateway obtains the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of reaching each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device; The communication intelligent gateway determines the topological structure of the target substation based on the topological structure of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The communication intelligent gateway classifies the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal, including: If the communication intelligent gateway does not receive the reply signal, the communication status category of the first intelligent power device is a blocked state; If the communication intelligent gateway receives the reply signal, obtaining the arrival time of the reply signal; If the arrival time is greater than the preset time, the communication status category of the first intelligent power device is an unreliable state; If the arrival time is less than the preset time, the communication status category of the first intelligent power device is a reliable state.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that If the communication status category of the first smart power device is the unreliable state, the communication smart gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device, including: Dividing an initial path corresponding to the first intelligent power device into a plurality of sub-channels based on preset parameters; Sending a test signal of preset power to the information receiving device based on each sub-channel, wherein the preset power enables the information receiving device to receive the test signal sent by each sub-channel; Determine a signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each subchannel based on the test signal; Determine a target subchannel based on the signal-to-noise ratio of each subchannel; The characteristic identification request is transmitted through the initial path and in the target sub-channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: If the communication status category of the first smart power device is the blocked state, the communication smart gateway determines the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first smart power device, including: Sending the networking instruction to the first intelligent power device through the intelligent distribution transformer terminal; Acquire multiple networking paths corresponding to the networking instruction received by the first intelligent power device; Determine the target networking path based on the latency, communication rate and number of smart power devices passed by each networking path; Using the target networking path as the information transmission path of the first smart power device; The characteristic identification request is transmitted through the target networking path and in an idle channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The step of issuing the networking instruction to the first intelligent power device based on the intelligent distribution transformer terminal includes: Obtaining a two-dimensional geographical location map of the multiple intelligent power devices and the intelligent distribution transformer terminal; The networking instruction is respectively issued to a plurality of third smart power devices in the first level through the smart distribution transformer terminal, wherein the first level is a level below the smart distribution transformer terminal; Based on the two-dimensional geographic location map, determining a time delay and a communication rate at which each third intelligent power device receives the networking instruction; Determine a target third smart power device from the plurality of third smart power devices based on the time delay and communication rate of each third smart power device receiving the networking instruction, and the preset maximum time delay and minimum communication rate; If the first intelligent power device exists in the target third intelligent power device, the first intelligent power device receives the networking instruction issued by the intelligent distribution transformer terminal; If the first smart power device does not exist in the target third smart power device, the target third smart power device will respectively issue the networking instruction to multiple third smart power devices in the next layer corresponding to the target third smart power device, until the target third target smart power device in the last layer includes the first smart power device, and the first smart power device will receive the networking instruction issued based on the smart distribution transformer terminal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: If the communication state of the first smart power device is the reliable state, determining the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first smart power device based on the communication state category corresponding to the first smart power device includes: The characteristic identification request is transmitted through an initial path and in an idle channel as the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The communication intelligent gateway obtains the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of reaching each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device, including: Determine the hierarchical relationship between the multi-level routing devices and the first intelligent power device based on the time of reaching each level of routing devices and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing devices; Based on the hierarchical relationship between the multi-level routing device and the first intelligent power device, a topological structure of the first intelligent power device is obtained.

8. A topology identification system based on communication status categories, characterized in that: The system includes: a communication intelligent gateway, an intelligent distribution transformer terminal and a plurality of intelligent power equipment; The communication intelligent gateway is used to send a state estimation instruction to the intelligent distribution transformer terminal, wherein the state estimation instruction is used to test the communication status of the plurality of intelligent power devices; The intelligent distribution transformer terminal is used to obtain a state estimation signal based on the state estimation instruction; The intelligent distribution transformer terminal is used to send the state estimation signal to a first intelligent power device, wherein the first intelligent power device is any one of the multiple intelligent power devices; The first intelligent power device is used to generate a reply signal based on the state estimation signal; The first intelligent power device is used to send the reply signal to the communication intelligent gateway; The communication intelligent gateway is used to classify the communication status of the first intelligent power device based on the reply signal; The communication intelligent gateway is used to determine the information transmission strategy corresponding to the first intelligent power device based on the communication status category corresponding to the first intelligent power device; The communication intelligent gateway is used to send a feature identification request to the first intelligent power device based on the transmission strategy of the first intelligent power device, wherein the feature identification request is used to request the first intelligent power device to send the feature identification of the first intelligent power device; The first intelligent power device is used to send the characteristic identification response to the communication intelligent gateway in sequence through the multi-level routing device, wherein the characteristic identification response includes the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device, the time of arrival at each level of routing device and the characteristic identification of each level of routing device, wherein the multi-level routing device is the multi-level device among the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices that forwards the characteristic identification of the first intelligent power device to the first intelligent power device; The communication intelligent gateway is used to obtain the topological structure of the first intelligent power device based on the time of reaching each level of routing device and the characteristic identifier of each level of routing device; The communication intelligent gateway is used to determine the topological structure of the target substation based on the topological structure of the first intelligent power device, wherein the target substation includes the intelligent distribution transformer terminal and the plurality of intelligent power devices.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor and a memory, the processor is connected to the memory, the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the electronic device executes the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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