Plastic product recycling crusher
By designing a plastic product recycling crusher with multi-stage crushing and separation components, the problems of uneven fragment size and harmful gas emissions are solved, and uniform crushing and automatic separation of plastic products are achieved, which improves recycling efficiency and work safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411496010.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-14
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The existing plastic product recycling and crushing technology has problems with uneven fragment size, harmful gas emissions and plastic wrap, which affects subsequent melting treatment and work safety.
A plastic product recycling crusher including primary crushing components, centrifugal separation components, exhaust components and secondary crushing components was designed. The plastic uniformity is achieved through crushing rollers, centrifugal funnels, axial flow fan blades, spiral blades and other structures. Crushing, automatic separation and harmful gas purification.
The uniformity of plastic fragments is achieved, which facilitates post-melting treatment, and removes harmful gases by purifying the filter element, which improves working safety and crushing efficiency and extends the service life of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN119305070A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of plastic production, and in particular relates to a plastic product recycling crusher. Background Art
[0002] With the development of society and the improvement of living standards, plastic products have been distributed in all areas of production and life. Therefore, the amount of discarded plastic products is also increasing year by year. The recycling of a large number of discarded plastic products has also become an important issue of concern to people.
[0003] In the prior art, for the recycling of plastic products, the plastic products are often first crushed by a crusher to speed up the subsequent melting treatment. The existing crushing method is often to pass the plastic products through a crushing hammer or a cutting knife to achieve uniform segmentation and crushing. However, since the waste is a mixture of different types of plastic products, their thickness and quality are different. If a unified treatment method is adopted, the size of the broken plastic fragments will be uneven, which will bring difficulties to the subsequent melting treatment. In addition, during the crushing process of plastic products, dust will appear and harmful gases will be discharged, which will stimulate the phosphine film and cause serious diseases, and will also have serious consequences of poisoning the body. In addition, some plastic products are soft in texture. During the crushing process, they are easy to stick to or even entangle on the surface of the cutting knife, which will affect the subsequent cutting work. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a plastic product recycling crusher to solve the problems of uneven crushing and the presence of harmful gases mentioned in the above background technology.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a plastic product recycling crusher, comprising: A crushing box, wherein a feed hopper is fixedly installed at the upper opening of the crushing box; A cutting box, wherein the cutting box is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the crushing box, and a communication port is provided between the crushing box and the cutting box; A primary crushing assembly, which is installed in the crushing box and is used to crush plastic products. The primary crushing assembly includes a No. 1 motor and two crushing rollers; A centrifugal separation component, which is arranged in the cutting box and is used to sort the crushed plastic products. The centrifugal separation component includes a diverter cylinder, a centrifugal funnel, a driven gear, a driving gear and a second motor; An exhaust assembly, the exhaust assembly is installed in the diverter cylinder, and the exhaust assembly includes an air guide cylinder, axial flow fan blades and a connecting rod; The secondary crushing assembly further cuts the crushed plastic products. The secondary crushing assembly includes a fixed sleeve, a wind wheel, a worm and two groups of cutting parts. Each group of cutting parts includes a rotating rod, a plurality of worm wheels, a rotating shaft and a spiral blade.
[0006] Furthermore, the two crushing rollers are parallel to each other and rotatably installed in the crushing box, the two crushing rollers are connected by a gear structure, and the No. 1 motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of the crushing box to drive the crushing rollers to rotate.
[0007] Furthermore, a fixing frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cutting box, the second motor is fixedly installed on the fixing frame, and the driving gear is connected to the output shaft of the second motor.
[0008] Furthermore, the diverter cylinder is rotatably connected to the inner bottom surface of the cutting box, the lower end of the diverter cylinder passes through the cutting box and extends to the fixed frame, the driven gear is fixedly connected to the diverter cylinder, and the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed with each other, and the centrifugal funnel is fixedly connected to the upper end opening of the diverter cylinder.
[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of raised strips are provided on the inner surface of the centrifugal funnel, and the raised strips extend along the radius direction of the centrifugal funnel, and the cross section of the raised strips adopts a semicircular structure.
[0010] Furthermore, the air guide cylinder is coaxially arranged in the diverter cylinder, and the air guide cylinder is fixed to the diverter cylinder through a connecting rod, the axial flow fan blades are coaxially fixedly installed in the diverter cylinder, and a grille is fixed at the upper opening of the air guide cylinder.
[0011] Furthermore, the upper end of the crushing box is connected to an exhaust pipe, and a purification filter element is arranged in the exhaust pipe.
[0012] Furthermore, the fixing sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the diverter cylinder, the worm is rotatably connected in the air guide cylinder, and the wind wheel is fixedly connected to the worm.
[0013] The rotating rod adopts a hollow structure, and both ends of the worm gear penetrate the side walls of the air guide cylinder and the diverter cylinder in sequence and extend into the rotating rods on both sides respectively. Several worm wheels are arranged equidistantly in the rotating rod along the length direction of the rotating rod. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the worm wheel, and both ends of the rotating shaft extend out of the rotating rod respectively and are fixed to the spiral blade.
[0014] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention provides a primary crushing assembly, and the two crushing rollers rotate and squeeze relative to each other, so as to perform preliminary separation and crushing of plastic products, so as to facilitate further crushing, and avoid damage to the spiral blade caused by large plastic product fragments, thereby extending its service life; By setting up a secondary crushing component, the spiral blade is used to further cut the larger plastic product fragments to ensure that the fragments are uniform and consistent, which is convenient for subsequent melting processing.
[0015] 2. The present invention sets an exhaust assembly and an exhaust pipe, and the fan blades rotate synchronously with the diverter tube to blow air into the crushing box and the cutting box. The airflow carries the harmful gas generated by the crushing and is discharged from the exhaust pipe. The harmful gas is dispersed through the purification filter element to avoid harm to the health of the staff.
[0016] 3. The present invention sets a centrifugal separation component and uses a diverter cylinder as a driving force to rotate the centrifugal funnel. The initially crushed plastic products fall on the surface of the centrifugal funnel. Since the plastic fragments with smaller particles have smaller mass and are subjected to smaller centrifugal force during rotation, they are directly discharged by the diverter cylinder. On the contrary, the fragments with larger particles have larger mass and fall from all sides of the centrifugal funnel under the action of centrifugal force for secondary crushing treatment, thereby realizing automatic separation of fragments of different particle sizes, reducing the working pressure of the secondary crushing component, and improving the efficiency of crushing and recovery.
[0017] 4. The present invention arranges a wind wheel, a worm wheel, a worm and a rotating shaft, and uses the airflow in the air guide cylinder as a driving force to drive the spiral blade to rotate. The soft plastic products between two adjacent spiral blades can be extruded and sheared, thereby preventing the plastic products from being entangled and attached to the surface of the spiral blade, affecting the subsequent cutting work. There is no need to arrange an additional power drive device, so that the spiral blade can rotate around the fixed sleeve and rotate on its own synchronously, thereby improving the crushing effect of the plastic products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a plastic product recycling crusher provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a plastic product recycling crusher provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a diversion cylinder in a plastic product recycling crusher provided by the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A in the middle is an enlarged view; Figure 5 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the top view of a centrifugal funnel in a plastic product recycling crusher.
[0019] In the figure, 1 is a crushing box, 11 is a feed hopper; 2 cutting box, 21 connecting port; 3 first-stage crushing assembly, 31 first motor, 32 crushing roller; 4 centrifugal separation assembly, 41 splitter cylinder, 42 centrifugal funnel, 421 raised strip, 43 driven gear, 44 driving gear, 45 No. 2 motor; 5 exhaust assembly, 51 air guide cylinder, 511 grille, 52 axial flow fan blade, 53 connecting rod; 6 secondary crushing assembly, 61 fixed sleeve, 62 wind wheel, 63 worm, 64 cutting piece, 641 rotating rod, 642 worm wheel, 643 rotating shaft, 644 spiral blade; 7. Fixed frame; 8 Exhaust pipes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a plastic product recycling crusher comprises: A crushing box 1, wherein a feed hopper 11 is fixedly mounted at the upper opening of the crushing box 1; The cutting box 2 is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the crushing box 1, and a communication port 21 is provided between the crushing box 1 and the cutting box 2. A box door is installed on the side wall of the cutting box 2 for taking out the plastic fragments after crushing; A primary crushing assembly 3, which is installed in the crushing box 1 and is used to crush plastic products. The primary crushing assembly 3 includes a first motor 31 and two crushing rollers 32; A centrifugal separation assembly 4 is disposed in the cutting box 2 and is used to sort the crushed plastic products. The centrifugal separation assembly 4 includes a diverter cylinder 41, a centrifugal funnel 42, a driven gear 43, a driving gear 44 and a second motor 45; Exhaust assembly 5, the exhaust assembly 5 is installed in the diverter tube 41, and the exhaust assembly 5 includes an air guide tube 51, axial flow blades 52 and a connecting rod 53; The secondary crushing assembly 6 further cuts the crushed plastic products. The secondary crushing assembly 6 includes a fixed sleeve 61, a wind wheel 62, a worm 63 and two groups of cutting parts 64. Each group of cutting parts 64 includes a rotating rod 641, a plurality of worm gears 642, a rotating shaft 643 and a spiral blade 644.
[0021] The two crushing rollers 32 are parallel to each other and rotatably installed in the crushing box 1. The two crushing rollers 32 are connected by a gear structure. Specifically, gears are fixed on the roller shafts of the two crushing rollers 32, and the two gears are meshed with each other. Motor No. 1 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the crushing box 1, and is used to drive the crushing rollers 32 to rotate. The output shaft of motor No. 1 is connected to the roller shaft of one of the crushing rollers 32 through a coupling. When in use, the two crushing rollers 32 are driven by motor No. 1 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and plastic products are put into the crushing box 1 from the feed hopper 11. The two crushing rollers 32 are relatively rotated and squeezed to perform preliminary separation and crushing of the plastic products, so as to facilitate subsequent further crushing and avoid damage to the spiral blade 644 caused by large plastic product fragments, thereby extending its service life.
[0022] The bottom of the cutting box 2 is fixedly connected with a fixing frame 7 , the second motor 45 is fixedly installed on the fixing frame 7 , and the driving gear 44 is connected with the output shaft of the second motor 45 .
[0023] The shunt cylinder 41 is rotatably connected to the inner bottom surface of the cutting box 2. The lower end of the shunt cylinder 41 penetrates the cutting box 2 and extends to the fixed frame 7. A bearing is installed on the bottom surface of the cutting box 2. The shunt cylinder 41 is fixed to the inner ring of the bearing. The driven gear 43 is fixedly connected to the shunt cylinder 41, and the driving gear 44 and the driven gear 43 mesh with each other. The centrifugal funnel 42 is fixedly connected to the upper end opening of the shunt cylinder 41. The centrifugal funnel 42 is located directly below the connecting port 21. The plastic fragments that have been initially crushed in the crushing box 1 can fall from the connecting port 21 to the surface of the centrifugal funnel 42, and the driving gear 44 is driven to rotate by the No. 2 motor 45, and then the shunt cylinder 41 can be driven to rotate through the driven gear 43, and the centrifugal funnel 42 can be driven to rotate synchronously; During the rotation of the centrifugal funnel 42, plastic fragments fall on the surface of the centrifugal funnel 42 and rotate with it. According to the centrifugal force formula, F=mω^2r. The centrifugal force applied to the plastic fragments during the rotation is proportional to the mass, angular velocity of rotation and radius. Plastic fragments with smaller particles have smaller mass and are subjected to smaller centrifugal force during rotation. Under the action of gravity, they move toward the lower opening of the centrifugal funnel 42 and are directly discharged by the diversion cylinder 41. On the contrary, plastic fragments with larger particles have larger mass and are thrown out and fall from all sides of the centrifugal funnel 42 under the action of centrifugal force, thereby realizing automatic separation of fragments of different particle sizes and improving the efficiency of crushing and recovery.
[0024] A plurality of raised strips 421 are provided on the inner surface of the centrifuge funnel 42. The raised strips 421 extend along the radius direction of the centrifuge funnel 42. The cross-section of the raised strips 421 adopts a semicircular structure. The function of the raised strips 421 is to prevent the plastic fragments from sliding circumferentially on the surface of the centrifuge funnel 42 and ensure that the plastic fragments rotate synchronously with the centrifuge funnel 42.
[0025] The air guide cylinder 51 is coaxially arranged in the diverter cylinder 41, the air inlet end of the air guide cylinder 51 extends to the outside of the cutting box 2, and the exhaust end extends to the centrifugal funnel 42, and the air guide cylinder 51 is fixed to the diverter cylinder 41 by a connecting rod 53, and the axial flow fan blades 52 are coaxially fixedly installed in the diverter cylinder 41. A grille 511 is fixed at the opening of the upper end of the air guide cylinder 51. The grille 511 adopts an upwardly arched arc structure to prevent plastic fragments in the crushing box 1 from falling directly into the air guide cylinder 51 and the diverter cylinder 41.
[0026] The upper end of the crushing box 1 is connected to an exhaust pipe 8, and a purification filter element is arranged in the exhaust pipe 8. The fan blade 1 rotates synchronously with the diverter cylinder 41 to blow air into the crushing box 1 and the cutting box 2. The airflow carries the harmful gas generated by the crushing and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 8. The harmful gas is dispersed through the purification filter element to avoid harm to the health of the staff.
[0027] The fixed sleeve 61 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the splitter cylinder 41, the worm 63 is rotatably connected to the air guide cylinder 51, and the wind wheel 62 is fixedly connected to the worm 63. The wind wheel 62 is composed of a plurality of windward plates, and the arrangement direction of the windward plates is perpendicular to the axis direction of the air guide cylinder 51. When the airflow flows in the air guide cylinder 51, the wind wheel 62 can be driven to rotate; The rotating rod 641 adopts a hollow structure. Both ends of the worm 63 successively penetrate the side walls of the air guide cylinder 51 and the diverter cylinder 41 and extend into the rotating rods 641 on both sides respectively. A plurality of worm wheels 642 are equidistantly arranged in the rotating rod 641 along the length direction of the rotating rod 641. A rotating shaft 643 is fixedly connected to the worm wheel 642. Both ends of the rotating shaft 643 extend to the outside of the rotating rod 641 and are fixed to the spiral blade 644. The spiral blade 644 adopts a spiral blade-like structure, and its blade is arranged on the outer spiral edge. During the rotation process, the plastic products can be cut and crushed. The plastic fragments with larger particles are thrown out from the periphery of the centrifugal funnel 42 under the action of centrifugal force and fall to the spiral blade 644 below. The fixed sleeve 61 is driven to rotate synchronously through the diverter cylinder 41, and then the spiral blade 644 on the rotating rod 641 is driven to rotate around the fixed sleeve 61, so as to achieve further cutting and processing of larger plastic product fragments to ensure that the fragments are uniform and consistent, which is convenient for subsequent melting processing. During operation, the airflow in the air guide cylinder 51 drives the wind wheel 62 to rotate, thereby driving the worm 63 to rotate. Since the worm 63 and the worm wheel 642 are meshed with each other, the spiral blade 644 can be driven to rotate, and the softer plastic products between two sets of adjacent spiral blades 644 can be squeezed and sheared to avoid the problem of plastic products being entangled and attached to the surface of the spiral blade 644, affecting the subsequent cutting work. There is no need to set up an additional power drive device, so that the spiral blade 644 can rotate around the fixed sleeve and rotate on its own synchronously, thereby improving the crushing effect of the plastic products.
Claims
1. A plastic product recycling crusher, characterized in that: include: A crushing box (1), wherein a feed hopper (11) is fixedly mounted at the upper opening of the crushing box (1); A cutting box (2), the cutting box (2) being fixedly mounted on the lower end of the crushing box (1), and a communication port (21) being provided between the crushing box (1) and the cutting box (2); A primary crushing assembly (3), the primary crushing assembly (3) being installed in the crushing box (1) and used for crushing plastic products, the primary crushing assembly (3) comprising a first motor (31) and two crushing rollers (32); A centrifugal separation component (4), the centrifugal separation component (4) being arranged in the cutting box (2) and used for sorting the crushed plastic products, the centrifugal separation component (4) comprising a diverter cylinder (41), a centrifugal funnel (42), a driven gear (43), a driving gear (44) and a second motor (45); An exhaust assembly (5), the exhaust assembly (5) being installed in the flow divider cylinder (41), the exhaust assembly (5) comprising an air guide cylinder (51), axial flow blades (52) and a connecting rod (53); A secondary crushing assembly (6), wherein the secondary crushing assembly (6) further cuts the crushed plastic products, and the secondary crushing assembly (6) comprises a fixed sleeve (61), a wind wheel (62), a worm (63) and two groups of cutting members (64), each group of the cutting members (64) comprising a rotating rod (641), a plurality of worm wheels (642), a rotating shaft (643) and a spiral blade (644).
2. The plastic product recycling crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two crushing rollers (32) are parallel to each other and are rotatably mounted in the crushing box (1). The two crushing rollers (32) are connected to each other through a gear structure. The first motor (31) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the crushing box (1) and is used to drive the crushing rollers (32) to rotate.
3. The plastic product recycling crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the cutting box (2) is fixedly connected to a fixing frame (7), the second motor (45) is fixedly mounted on the fixing frame (7), and the driving gear (44) is connected to the output shaft of the second motor (45).
4. The plastic product recycling crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diverter cylinder (41) is rotatably connected to the inner bottom surface of the cutting box (2); the lower end of the diverter cylinder (41) penetrates the cutting box (2) and extends to the fixing frame (7); the driven gear (43) is fixedly connected to the diverter cylinder (41); the driving gear (44) and the driven gear (43) are meshed with each other; and the centrifugal funnel (42) is fixedly connected to the upper end opening of the diverter cylinder (41).
5. The plastic product recycling crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the centrifugal funnel (42) is provided with a plurality of raised strips (421), the raised strips (421) extending along the radial direction of the centrifugal funnel (42), and the cross-section of the raised strips (421) adopts a semicircular structure.
6. The plastic product recycling crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide cylinder (51) is coaxially arranged in the flow diversion cylinder (41), and the air guide cylinder (51) is fixed to the flow diversion cylinder (41) via a connecting rod (53), the axial flow blades (52) are coaxially fixedly installed in the flow diversion cylinder (41), and a grille (511) is fixed at the upper opening of the air guide cylinder (51).
7. The plastic product recycling crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the crushing box (1) is connected to an exhaust pipe (8), and a purification filter element is arranged in the exhaust pipe (8).
8. The plastic product recycling crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed sleeve (61) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the diverter cylinder (41), the worm (63) is rotatably connected to the air guide cylinder (51), and the wind wheel (62) is fixedly connected to the worm (63).
9. The plastic product recycling crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating rod (641) has a hollow structure, and both ends of the worm (63) penetrate the side walls of the air guide cylinder (51) and the flow divider cylinder (41) in sequence and extend into the rotating rods (641) on both sides respectively. A plurality of worm wheels (642) are arranged in the rotating rod (641) at equal intervals along the length direction of the rotating rod (641). A rotating shaft (643) is fixedly connected to the worm wheel (642), and both ends of the rotating shaft (643) extend out of the rotating rod (641) and are fixed to the spiral blade (644).